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The document summarizes the basics of logic gates. It introduces logic gates as digital circuits that allow or block signals based on input-output relationships. It defines truth tables as showing all possible input-output combinations. The document then describes three common logic gates - OR, AND, and NOT - and provides their Boolean expressions and symbols. It gives an example circuit for an OR gate using diodes and discusses its truth table.

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40 views6 pages

Report

The document summarizes the basics of logic gates. It introduces logic gates as digital circuits that allow or block signals based on input-output relationships. It defines truth tables as showing all possible input-output combinations. The document then describes three common logic gates - OR, AND, and NOT - and provides their Boolean expressions and symbols. It gives an example circuit for an OR gate using diodes and discusses its truth table.

Uploaded by

adithyakrishna190
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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JAWAHAR NAVODAYA

VIDYALAYA MALAPPURAM
Physics investigatory project
Academic session 2023-24

LOGIC GATES
Submitted To Submitted by
Mr Sreenivasan TA Adithya Krishna

PGT PHYSICS Class XII A


INTRODUCTION
GATE: - A gate is defined as a digital circuit which follows some logical relationship between the input
and output voltages. It is a digital circuit which either allows a signal to pass through or stop it. The logic
gates are building blocks in digital electronics. They are used in digital electronics to change one voltage
level into another according to some logic statement relating to them.

TRUTH TABLE: - A logic gate hay have one or more than one inputs, but it has only one output. The
relationship between the possible values of input and output voltages are expressed in the fond of a table
called truth table. Truth table of a logic gate is a table that shows all the inputs and outputs that are
possible for the logic gates.

BOOLEAN ALGEBRA: - The algebra which is based on binary nature of the logic gates.

BOOLEAN EXPRESSIONS: - They are the logical statement which are followed by logical gates.

PRINCIPLE
Any Boolean algebraic: operation can be associated with the input and output, which represents the
statement of Boolean algebra. Although these circuits hay be complex, they may all be constructed from
three basic Devices like a P-N.junction diode, a resistance and an N-P- N transistor.

We have three different type of logic gates and they are the AND gate, the OR gate and the NOT gate.

LOGIC STATEMENTS

1
BASIC GATES
The five common logic gates used are NOT, AND, OR,. Each logic gate is indicated by a symbol and
its function is defined by a truth table that shows all the possible input logic level combinations with their
respective output logic levels.

THE OR GATE: - It is a device that combines A and B to give Y as the result.

The OR gate has two or more inputs and one output. In Boolean algebra, addition symbol (+), is referred
as the OR.

The Boolean expression: A+B-y

This indicates that Y equals to A or B

2
.

THE AND GATE: - It is a device that combines A with B to give Y as the result. The AND gate has two
or more inputs and one output.

In Boolean algebra, multiplication sign is referred as the AND.

The Boolean expression:

A.B=Y or A X B=Y

This indicates that Y equals to A and B.

THE NOT GATE: - It is a device that inverts the inputs. The NOT has one input and has one output.

In Boolean algebra, bar symbol is referred as the NOT.

The Boolean expression: Ā=Y

This indicates that Y is not equal to A.

3
THE OR GATE

AIM
To design and simulate the OR gate circuit

COMPONENTS
Two ideal p-n junction diode (D1 and D2)

THEORY AND CONSTRUCTION


An OR gate can be realized by the electronic circuit, making use of two diodes D I and D2.

Here the negative terminal of the battery is grounded and corresponds to the O level,and the positive

4
terminal[ of the battery corresponds to level 1 . The output Y is voltage at C with respect to earth.

The following conclusion can be drawn from the above circuit:

1. If the switch A and B are kept open (A=1, B=0), then bulb does not glow, hence Y=0
2. If switch A is kept closed and B is kept open (A= 1 , B=0), then bulb does not glow, hence Y=0
3. if switch A is kept open and B is kept closed (A=0, B= 1), then bulb does not glow, hence Y=O
4. if switch A and B both are kept closed (A=1 , B=1 ) , then bulb glows , hence Y=1

TRUTH TABLE

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