T. L. E.

9
COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING
Technology and Livelihood Education– Grade 9
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Types of Components and Objects to be Measured
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Olivia Ann C. Jaud
Editors: Maria O. Del Barrio and Jhoanna V. Navata
Reviewer: Maria O. Del Barrio, Jhoanna V. Navata, Maricel F. Azcarraga
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
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Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

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Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
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Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
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Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 T. L. E.
COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING
9
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 1
Types of Components and
Objects to be Measured
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education – CSS 9 Self-Learning

Module on Types of Components and Objects to be Measured!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education – CSS 9 Self-Learning

Module on Types of Components and Objects to be Measured!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

At the end of the learning period, the students should be able to:

A. discuss the types of components and objects to be measured;

B. identify the name of components and its measurement; and
C. appreciate the importance of knowing the components and objects to be
measured.

PRETEST

FILL IN THE BLANKS: Choose your answer inside the box. Write your
answer on the space provided.

Gigabytes data storage

Hertz Megahertz

Frames Gigahertz

1. Memory is measured by __________________________.

2. Processor is measured through ____________________.
3. The _____________________ refers to how much disk space one or more
storage devices offer.
4. The GHz stands for ________________________.
5. The _____________________ describes how many full images per second
the card can show.

RECAP
1. How would we know if our files or data are safe and secure?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. Why do we need to back up our files?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
 LESSON

Introduction

Mensuration refers to the process of measuring the computer components and

objects to fully understand the needed requirements and capacity. The results of
measurements taken are the calculations that are usually considered in building a
computer.

Types of Components and Objects to be Measured

1. Memory- Memory is the working storage space of the computer which holds
data, processing instructions, and processed data (information) waiting to
send in secondary storage. There are two types of memory and they are:

a. Random Access Memory (RAM)-is the computer's portion that

temporarily stores the computer's running instructions and the data
it handles. RAM data is volatile. If the power of the machine is switch
off, all data will be erased and become lost. The RAM can carry millions
of bytes of data, so the capacity is calculated based on Megabytes (MB)
1,000,000 or 1 million bytes and Gigabytes (GB) 1,000,000,000 or 1
billion bytes.

When using a computer the RAM must have:

1. Computer operating system
2. Application software
3. Any information which is processed

https://www.dummies.com/education/internet-basics/7-types-of-computer-hardware-you-should-understand/

b. Read Only Memory (ROM) - is a type of non-volatile memory used in

computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM cannot
be electronically changed after the manufacture of the memory device.
Read-only memory is beneficial for storing software that is rarely
changed during the life of the system, also known as firmware.
Software applications (like video games) for programmable devices can
be distributed as plug-in cartridges containing read-only memory.

2. Data Storage Capacity- refers to how much disk space one or more storage
devices provides. It measures the capacity of data on a computer system. The
storage capacity is measured in Kilobytes (KB), Megabytes (MB), Gigabytes
(GB) and terabytes (TB). For example, a computer with a 500GB hard drive
has a storage capacity of 500gigabites or 5 billion bytes.

TYPES OF DATA STORAGE DEVICE

1. Magnetic storage media and devices- stores data in a form of tiny

magnetized dots. These dots are formed, read and erased by very tiny
electromagnets using magnetic films.

The following are the kinds of magnetic storage media and devices:

a. Hard drives-have a relatively high storage capacity (up to 1 TB). They

can be used for storing large quantities of data. Hard drives are
random access device that can be used to store all film types, including
large files like videos. Data access are very fast. The data is stored on
a rotating metal or glass discs inside a hard drive

https://www.igcseict.info/theory/3/capacity/index.html

b. Portable hard drive-also known as external hard drive, is one that is

mount in a small case along with some electronics that allows the
hard-drive to be accessed using a USB link or similar connection.
Portable hard-drives make it possible to transfer large volumes of data
from computer to another computer.

https://www.igcseict.info/theory/3/capacity/index.html

c. Magnetic tape-is a medium for magnetic recording, made of a thin,

magnetizable coating on a long, narrow strip of plastic film.

https://www.igcseict.info/theory/3/capacity/index.html
 a. Floppy disk- is a detachable, portable, inexpensive, low-capacity
(1.44 MB) storage medium. Floppy disks are random-access devices
used to transfers small amounts of data between computers or to
back-up small files. This device has already been replaced by CD-
ROMs, DVDs, and USB’s memory sticks.

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2. Optical storage device-is a kind of computer disk drive that reads and
writes data from optical disks through laser beaming technology. This kind of
drive allows a user to retrieve, modify and delete the content from optical disks
such as CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray disks. Optical drives are one the most
common computer components.

The following are the types of optical storage devices:

a. Compact Disc -CD-ROM (Read-Only Memory) discs can hold around

800MB of data. The data cannot be changed (non-volatile), and cannot
be accidentally deleted. CD-ROM's are random access devices.

https://www.igcseict.info/theory/3/capacity/index.html

b. Digital Versatile Disc-Read-Only Memory (DVD-ROM) discs can hold

around 4.7GB of data, dual-layer DVD can hold twice as much. DVD-
ROM's are random access devices. They are used for high-quality video
storage.

https://www.igcseict.info/theory/3/capacity/index.html
 c. Blu-Ray discs-is a high capacity optical disks that can hold data from
25-50 GB. It is the recent replacement for DVD. Blu-ray discs are
random access devices.

https://www.igcseict.info/theory/3/capacity/index.html

d. High-density DVDs (HD-DVD)-can hold around 15 GB of data. It is

also a random access device.

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3. Solid-state is a storage device that has no moving parts no reels of

tape, no spinning discs, and no laser beams. Solid-state storage
devices store data using a special memory type known as flash
memory.

a. Memory sticks or 'thumb-drives'-are non-volatile random- access

storage devices. Each of these small devices has flash memory
attached to a USB interface.

https://www.igcseict.info/theory/3/capacity/index.html

b. Memory card- is a kind of storage device that is used for storing

media and data files. It provides a permanent and non-volatile
medium to store data and files from the attached device. It is
commonly used in small, portable devices, such as cameras and
phones.

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffanyv88.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fwww.stellarphotorecoverysoftware.com%2Fblo
g%2Fkodak-memory-card-error-
 c. Smart card -is a plastic, credit-card size card with one or more
embedded computer chip. Example of this is credit card, door entry
cards, satellite TV cards.

https://www.igcseict.info/theory/3/capacity/index.html

4. Processor- is also called the CPU or central processing unit which is

considered as the computer's 'brain. It is a piece of hardware that carries out
the instructions of a computer program. It performs the basic arithmetical,
logical, and input/output operations of a computer system. It gives the device
the software instruction. The CPU can be found in the computer's internal
circuit board called the motherboard. The speed at which the CPU can execute
the instructions is called the clock speed. This is controlled by a clock. With
every tick of the clock, the CPU fetches and executes one instruction. The
clock speed is measured in cycles per second, and one cycle per second is
known as 1 hertz. This means that a CPU with a clock speed of 2 gigahertz
(GHz) can carry out two thousand million (or two billion) cycles per second.

https://www.igcseict.info/theory/1/comp/index.html?fbclid=IwAR2OUD2Kn1xUYn4ndlCFib-
_QTjCIgwXJAmMS5lCCEFnyJDwXY0JOpjMvKs

5. Video Card- is also called as graphics cards, video adapters, display

cards, graphic adapters and graphic accelerators. It is a computer component
that is used to enhance the quality of images showed on a display. It is
attached to the motherboard which controls and calculates the appearance of
an image on the screen. The video card is an intermediate device that
accelerates the video throughput. A graphics card's processor is called
a graphics processing unit or GPU. It is similar to a computer's CPU. A GPU,
is designed specifically for performing the complex mathematical and
geometric calculations that are necessary for graphics rendering. A GPU
produces a lot of heat, so it is usually located under a heat sink or a fan.
 The card’s performance is measured in its frame rate which is
calculated in frames per second (FPS). The frame rate shows how many
complete images the card can display per second. The human eye can process
about 25 frames every second, but fast-action games require a frame rate of
at least 60 FPS to provide smooth animation and scrolling.

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 ACTIVITIES

Activity No. 1 Arrange the jumbled letters to identify the types of computer
components to be measured. Write your answer on the space provided.
1. DIVEO CRAD =______________________________________________________
2. TADA ROSTGAE=___________________________________________________
3. ROPCSEORS=______________________________________________________
4. MMOEYR=__________________________________________________________
5. CRENTAL ROPECSSNGI ITUN=______________________________________

Activity No. 2 Let’s apply what we have learned. Identify the name of the
components and give its measurement. Write your answer on the space provided
below:

Components Name Measurement

1.______________________ Bytes
a.

Memory card 2.___________________

b.

3.___________________
Video Card
c.

4._______________________ Bytes
d.

CPU 5.___________________

e.
 WRAP-UP

As a student, if you are going to buy your personal computer, what computer
components and objects will you take into consideration? Why?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

VALUING
Explain the saying inside the box. Write your answer on the space provided.

The true measure of a man is how he treats someone who

can do him absolutely no good.
By Samuel Johnson

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

POSTTEST

IDENTIFICATION: Identify the following sentence. Write your answer on the space
provided before the number.
___________________1. The computer disk drive that uses laser beam technology to
read and write data from optical disks.
___________________2. This is volatile; it temporarily stores the computer's running
Instructions and the data it handles.
___________________3. A storage device used for storing media and data files.
___________________4. It is a piece of hardware that carries out the instructions of a
computer program.
___________________5. It is called as graphics cards, video adapters, display cards,
graphic adapters and graphic accelerators.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

5. Video card 5. Hertz

4. Processor 4. Random Access Memory (RAM)
3. Memory card 3. Frames per Second (FPS)
2. Random Access Memory or RAM 2. Bytes
1. Optical storage device 1. Hard disk drive
POST TEST ACTIVITY 2

5. Hertz 5.CPU 5. Frames

4. Random Access Memory (RAM) 4. Memory 4. Gigahertz
3. Frames Per Second (FPS) 3. Processor 3. Data storage
2. Bytes 2. Data storage 2. Hertz
1. Hard disk drive 1. Video Card 1. Gigabytes
ACTIVITY 2 ACTIVITY 1 PRE-TEST

References
Faithe Wempen. “7 Types of Computer Hardware You Should Understand”
<https://www.dummies.com/education/internet-basics/7-types-of-computer-hardware-you-
should-understand/>(accessed July 1, 2020)

“Perform Mensuration and Calculation” https://www.mustangbols.com/animation 2d/perform

(accessed July 1, 2020)

Jeff Tyson and Tracy V. Wilson. “How Graphics Cards Work”

<https://computer.howstuffworks.com/graphics-card3.htm> (accessed July 1, 2020)

“Main Computer Components”

<https://www.igcseict.info/theory/1/comp/index.html?fbclid=IwAR2OUD2Kn1xUYn4ndlCFib-
_QTjCIgwXJAmMS5lCCEFnyJDwXY0JOpjMvKs> (accessed July 31, 2020)

“Data Storage Capacity”<https://www.igcseict.info/theory/3/capacity/index.html>

(accessed July 31, 2020)

“Central Processing Unit (CPU): Parts, Definition & Function”

https://study.com/academy/lesson/central-processing-unit-cpu-parts-definition-
function.html#transcriptHeader (accessed August 4, 2020)

“Graphics Card”<https://www.techopedia.com/definition/7465/graphics-card>
(accessed August 4, 2020)

“The CPU and the Fetch-Execute Cycle”

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zws8d2p/revision/2?fbclid=IwAR06j9jlCxV0G30UkB5
qxZM2kn_L5LYxAwPLQryMhgLszT_CWq1asUffV1Q (accessed August 4, 2020)

“What is a Video Card? Function, Definition and Types”<https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-

a-video-card-function-definition-types.html> (accessed August 4, 2020)