THE
IMPORTANCE
OF CARGO
STOWING
İREM GENÇ
130190066
damage to cargo kargo hasarı
deterioration bozulma
liability to damage hasar sorumluluğu
methods of packing paketleme methodları
BASIC stowage
handling
yük
elleçleme
TERMS stevedore
safety of the ship
yüklemede yardımcı liman görevlisi
geminin güvenliği
stable and seaworthy ship kargoyu güvenli taşıyabilecek gemi
compartments yük bölmeleri
shifting yükün yerinin değiştirilmesi
trim baş ve kıç draftları arasındaki fark
load lines yükleme hatları
decay çürüme
The aim of ship’s officers and crewmembers on board should be to prevent damage or
deterioration whilst the cargo is under their care and to deliver it, as far as possible, in as
good condition and order as it was when received aboard. Master and officers of all
vessels require a good working knowledge of the various kinds of cargo they are likely to
carry: their peculiar characteristics, liability to damage, decay, or deterioration, their
measurement, and the usual methods of packing, loading and discharging, stowage, etc.
The actual handling of the cargo in loading and discharging is done by stevedores, who
are experienced men appointed for this purpose when a vessel arrives at a port. This does
not release the Master from the responsibility for the safety of the ship and cargo, and he
must supervise the work of the stevedores for general safety.
There is a very wide variety of types of cargo, from steel products, through containers to
transformers, but all items must be stowed in a manner that is appropriate and that allows
the items to be secured, and such that they will not move significantly or suffer damage.
Cargoworthiness means the suitability of the vessel to safely carry out the transportation
of the intended cargo for a particular voyage.The cargo must be stowed so that the ship
will be stable and seaworthy, and it must be secured in such a manner that it cannot shift
if the vessel encounters terrible weather. By appropriate ventilation, condensation or
sweating must be prevented.
The Chief Officer must watch closely the ship's stability (i.e. what the ship's trim is or how
she is sitting). Since a ship is supported by fluid pressure she will incline in any direction
according to the position of the weights placed on her.
Loading, discharging, stowage, lashing, securing, etc. are the operations and activities
specific for each type of ship and cargo.
The IMO recommends that the “hazards arising from these
forces should be dealt with by taking measures both to ensure
CSS CODE proper stowage and securing of cargoes on board and to
reduce the amplitude and frequency of ship motions“.
In line with this, a Code of Safe Practice for Cargo Stowage
and Securing (CSS Code) was adopted by the IMO in November
1991.
The purpose of the CSS Code is to provide an international standard to promote
the safe stowage and securing of cargoes by:
• drawing the attention of shipowners and ship operators to the need to ensure
that the ship is suitable for its intended purpose;
• providing advice to ensure that the ship is equipped with proper cargo securing
means;
• providing general advice concerning the proper stowage and securing of
cargoes to minimize the risks to the ship and personnel;
• providing specific advice on those cargoes which are known to create difficulties
and hazards with regard to their stowage and securing;
• advising on actions which may be taken in heavy sea conditions; and
• advising on actions which may be taken to remedy the effects of cargo shifting.
The CSS code reminds us that the Master is responsible for the safe
conduct of the voyage and the safety of the ship, its crew and cargo.
https://www.marineinsight.com/marine-safety/cargo-handling-
ships-10-tips-can-save-life/
https://www.imo.org/en/OurWork/Safety/Pages/CargoSecuring-
default.aspx#:~:text=The%20proper%20stowage%20and%20sec
REFERENCES uring,also%20during%20loading%20and%20discharge.
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ships-10-tips-can-save-life/
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