FAST/TOOLS

I/O Processing

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Content

Introduction
Concept of I/O processing
Stations
Items

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Content

Introduction
Concept of I/O processing
Stations
Items

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Introduction
How to get Data from the field into F/T
– Basic principals
– Equipment connection via: line, station, point

Stations:
– Point database
– Conversion from raw value to engineering units
– OPC stations (ACCESS/FAST)
– Other stations (EQUIPMENT/FAST)

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Introduction

Items (ITEM/FAST):
– Naming conventions
– Item definition
– Item type
– Distribution
– Interpretation of the value : status and optional
status
– PIT filter
– Alarm requirements
– Off-scan / Blocked items
– Derived items : Sub-item
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Concept I/O Processing

Real time database

FAST/TOOLS has real time database
(RTD) which has points and items.
Items
The Equipment Manager mirrors field
data to points in the RTD.
Points

Stations are used to connect points to

the field.
equipment
Equipment
manager
manager

Points are mirrored to items.

pt
Process field

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Concept I/O Processing (detailed)

STARDOM STARDOM ProSafe-RS

Items
Item
Line Def Line Def Line Def
Item
Station Def Station Def Station Def
Item
Point Def Point Def Point Def
Item
Point Def Item
Point Def Item
Point Def Item
EQP Item

FAST/TOOLS Item
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Content

Introduction
Concept of I/O processing
Stations
Items

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Station definition
station types connect to an equipment
using the associated protocol of the equipment.
– Stardom-FCX(FCJ/FCN)
– Modbus
– FA-M3
– DNP3
– ProSafe-PLC / ProSafe-COM
– Siemens PCS7/S7/S5 driver
- Allen-Bradley Control Logic
- Allen-Bradley PLC 5 DF1
- Emerson Bristol Babcock BSAP
- Emerson Fisher Remote Operations Controller
– Others on request
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 Station definition
A RTU/PLC is connected to FAST/TOOLS via a
communication line (serial, or TCP/IP).
The RTU/PLC is linked to the station definition in
FAST/TOOLS
The hardware (flow meters, level meters, valve controls are
connected to so called points in FAST/TOOLS.

1) Station
2) Lines
3) Points
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Station definition OPC

OPC stations connect to OPC servers are

connected via TCP/IP.
– OPC DA & OPC UA station, access to OPC tags
– OPC AE station, access to OPC alarm and
events

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 Equipment

Under ‘Equipment’ the following are found (for each protocol):

– Line definition
– Station definition
– Point definition
An item can be linked to a point
One Line can have multiple
stations
For some Equipment a additional
F/T driver license is required

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 Line definition

Line definition defines the line type & address for

communication, e.g. TCP/IP, Serial, DURM,

Various Timing and Options can be set

For each new Line a corresponding setup file is

created (automatically).

The equipment process

name should be unique!

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 Station definition

One Station corresponds

to one RTU (e.g.
STARDOM, ProSafe-RS)
Communication
parameters can be
specified, e.g. IP
address
For each protocol
separate stations exist
(same like Line)
TCP/IP address
overrules Line address
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Station definition

Line: specify TCP/IP address. Option of

redundant line handling and choice which line is
preferred.
On scan: RTU is polled.
Suppress outputs: when selected, no outputs
send, only reads made. (e.g. for commissioning)
Output method: only on value change or also on
reconnecting
Status items: internal item, for monitoring
communication of station.

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Station definition

Options tab gives

possibility to define e.g.
scan interval
Options depend on
protocol type.

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Point definition

Point definition contains I/O address of field

I/O to link to. In addition specifying some
special conversion types is possible
Point definition form also depends on Protocol
type.

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Point definition : external relation

External relation
– Input
– Output
FAST/TOOLS
– Input + output
– <None>

Does NOT have to match PLC PLC

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Conversion from raw input to engineering units

Specify data for conversion from

raw input to engineering units
raw input
Linear relation

Linear conversion

Engineering units

raw input Engineering

high limit unit Overranged
1000 100

DELTA

raw input
low limit
0 20
mVolts °Celsius Underranged
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Exercise

Exercise 2A – Stations (depends on training

course setup)

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Content

Introduction
Concept of I/O processing
Stations
Items

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General item naming convention

Items are represented by a name, consisting of multiple

parts:
– SECTION
– SECTION(nested sections)
– ITEM
SECTION A
INSTALLATION
INSTALLATION
B
C

SECTION SECTION SECTION

AUNIT B
UNIT C DUNIT E
UNIT F GUNITUNIT
H
I

Item1………n section<x>.section<x>.item<x>
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Section

Section is located in the top of the item name

classification.
Property of Section
– Section(Name)
– Description(Description of concerned controller)
– Visible via OPC
– Blocked by parent(disable external signal)
– Parent is OPC visible

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Nested SECTIONs

Section is defined under an Section.

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Item general tab

Item can be internal or

external (linked to point).
Item properties are stored in
a database.
Item definition dialogue
– Refer to right figure
Options checked and
choices made,
determine which
tabs or other
options become
visible

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Item general tab (representation)

Item representation
– Boolean
– Integer
– Real
– String
– Special (n.a. only ABB Areadat)

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Item general tab (More basic settings)

Remember last value

– Store each item change to disk and uses it at
startup
– Will cause disk load: do not use for all items
– Typically used for set points

Audit trail
– Log changes to the item (who, what, when)

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Item general tab (Process Area)

Use process area for authorization

Changes only possible in the overlapping area

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 Item general (Distribution front end node)
Front-end node : Specify front-end node
- Default specified: own node name and is not used

Most used
- Local Front-end : item exists on front-end node
Used in special situations: incase the load of all the RTU gets significant

– Distributed Master on Both : Both host and front-end have item data
Used incase the communication lines are not always available.

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Item general Distribution front end node (architecture)

HOST
Item table 1 Node 1
Host
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3

Node 2 Node 3

Item table 2 Item table 3

Front-end

Station-1 Station-2 Station-3 Station-4

Field
Items 1-100 Items 101-200 Items 201-300 Items 301-400

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Item management tab (OPC Settings)

OPC Setting
– Visible (for OPC browsing)
– Read possible
– Write possible

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 Item Limits and filtering tab

Limits for alarm

generation inside
FAST/TOOLS, including
Deadband setting
Scale limits (e.g. for on
Faceplate
Limit clamping
Trending limits (e.g. for
on Faceplate
Filter: PIT

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Item Limits and filtering (Alarm transition and limits)

Item status

Deadband
HighHigh
High High Limit

High Deadband
High Limit
Normal
Low Limit
Low
Low Low Limit
LowLow

Related to alarm status

by ALARM/FAST

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Item limits and filtering tab (PIT Filter)

Types:
Proportional Integrational Time
On each new value the filter is evaluated. It is
possible to use one type only, e.g. P
Filters are only applied by ‘destination’ not on
actual real time value. E.g. PIT filter can be
used in HISTORY/FAST to reduce number of
samples to store
Advised to use P filter only

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PIT Filter

P-Value (Proportional)
– The peak detection parameter. The P filter is TRUE if a new
value differs from the previously passed value by more than
the P Value.
I-Value (Integrational)
– The integration parameter detects small fluctuations in time.
The I filter is TRUE if the integrated value is greater than the I
Value.
T-Value (Time)
– The number of seconds that the T filter is TRUE after a new
value has passed the PIT filter. This determines the period in
seconds that the total PIT filter is FALSE and does not pass a
new value after it has passed value.

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P-filter

suppose P = 3
p detected
6
T0：IN=0 detected V0
T1：|IN-V0 | <3 not detected
T2：|IN-V0 | >3 detected V1
4 p detected
T3：|IN-V1 | <3 not detected
T4：|IN-V1 | <3 not detected
2
T5：|IN-V1 | >3 detected V2
T6：|IN-V2 | <3 not detected

T0 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6

Initial New New

reference reference reference
time time time
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I-filter

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 T-filter
TRUE

Time filter：
FALSE
P-filter
The T- filter can be considered as a
TRUE temporary "OFF" switch.
Once an update passes the PI- filter
FALSE (P-filter or I-filter), a new update
I-filter
will be rejected during a time T.
TRUE
T

FALSE

T-filter
TRUE New reference

FALSE

t t t t t t
0 1 2 3 4 5
Total Filter
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Equipment tab

Equipment tab – setup I/O definition

Point links item to point defined under Station definition.

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 Summary<Line, Station, Point → Item, Unit, Installation>

Controller PLC
STARDOM
PLC PLC
PLC
or OPC FA-M3 Installation1 Installation2
FCX

Process Process

Line Line UNIT UNIT

UNIT UNIT
UNIT UNIT
STATION
STATION
STATION
Item
Item
point
point Item
point Item Definition
Equipment Definition

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Item Alarm tab

Configure alarm settings

Only visible when Alarming flag in General

tab is selected
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Item Alarm tab
Various alarm settings can be configured
(explained in ALARM/FAST presentation):
– OPC AE alarm detection
– Alarm group
– Acknowledgement type
– Alarm collection
– First-out group
– Diagnostic item
– Delay time
– Repeat time
Global alarm detection parameters can be
overridden by item specific settings
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Item Areas of interest tab

AOI can be
used for
Alarm
filtering

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Derived Items: Sub-items
sub-items types:
– Integrator (integration time is one day)
– Min/max indicator
– Pulse counter (for digital items only)
– Rate of change indicator
– Type less : e.g. used in a PRCESS/FAST class or any other
application program.

Sub item
External
Update
Internal
Update

(main) Item
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 Off scan / Blocked items

Off-scan: The points and related items for one Station

are not updated.
Uncheck “On scan“ in STATION definition
Blocking: Updates from EQUIPMENT/FAST are
blocked. Connection between Operator input and the
database is available. E.g. use for manual override.
blocking an item in ITEM/FAST
– Individual item
– A whole unit
– A whole installation
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Exercise

Exercise 2 – I/O Processing

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End Of Presentations

Questions?

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