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Lecture 1

The document summarizes the transportation planning process in 4 phases: 1) Collecting base year inventory data on existing networks and traffic patterns 2) Model building to understand relationships between parameters and predict future traffic flows 3) Travel forecasts which extrapolate data to predict future scenarios 4) Network evaluation to compare alternative network options and evaluate costs and benefits.

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31 views

Lecture 1

The document summarizes the transportation planning process in 4 phases: 1) Collecting base year inventory data on existing networks and traffic patterns 2) Model building to understand relationships between parameters and predict future traffic flows 3) Travel forecasts which extrapolate data to predict future scenarios 4) Network evaluation to compare alternative network options and evaluate costs and benefits.

Uploaded by

djimadoummoise626
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 1

Transportation Planning Process

Dr. Anna Nagurney

John F. Smith Memorial Professor


Isenberg School of Management
University of Massachusetts
Amherst, Massachusetts 01003

c 2009
Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1
Transportation Planning Process

Phase I - Base Year Inventory

Make inventory of existing network + existing traffic patterns.

• O/D travel demand tables


• counters on roads
• inventory of planning factors
B is is industrial?
B what is the income distribution?
B types of employment.

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Traffic Congestion in the USA
Copyright by Texas Transportation Institute, 2004

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Traffic Congestion in India
remixconcepts.blogspot.com

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Transportation Planning Process

Collection of data to be used in model to predict the traffic flow


pattern.

∗ The data must be extrapolated if it is to be used for predicting


future traffic patterns.

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


US Interstate Highway Network
www.freightcenter.com

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Transportation Planning Process

Phase II - Model Building

Interested in finding out relationships among parameters of the


system.

3 categories of relationships

1. Trip Generation Models.


# of trips attracted to a certain area or generated in a certain area.

Ox , Dy : trip ends

Ox = # of trips produced (generated) at zone x (production zone)


Dy = # of trips attracted to zone y (attraction zone)

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


2. Trip Distribution Models.
Given Ox ’s and Dy ’s find the O/D travel demand table.
Will then know how many travelers from Ox will go to Dy ; for all
x, y pair.

Ox

y1 x1 y2 x2 y3

Dy

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Transportation Planning Process

Travel Demand:

dxy = kOx Dy f (cxy )


cxy : travel cost from zone x to zone y

∗ dxy increases as cxy decreases.

3. Traffic Assignment Models.


Given O/D table dxy ’s, find how this travel demand is distributed
among different routes and modes of transportation.

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Transportation Planning Process

Relates traffic flow pattern to O/D pairs and characteristics of


networks.

Can be applied to:

• communication networks
• energy networks
• electrical networks
• economic and financial networks

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Another Type of Traffic Congestion!
www.darkroastedblend.com

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Transportation Planning Process

Three Stage Model


for Transportation Planning.

Trip {Ox} {Dy} Trip {dxy} Traffic


Generation Distribution Assignment
trip O/D
ends demand
pattern link load
pattern

update for congested


networks

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Transportation Planning Process

Phase III - Travel Forecasts

Extrapolation - to predict parameters for which we have data from


Phase I.

Data from Phase I may be crude.

Phase IV - Network Evaluation

Goal is to compare networks.

What is the traffic that will be generated by the 3 or 4 networks


- evaluation of cost + benefits.

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Amherst Area View from Mt. Sugarloaf
Travel Monkeys’ Gallery

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


References

⇒ Beckmann M., McGuire C.B., Winsten C.B. (1956) Studies in the


Economics of Transportation. Yale University Press, New Haven,
Connecticut; also published as Rand-RM-1488-PR, Rand Corporation,
Santa Monica, CA, May 12, 1955
http://cowles.econ.yale.edu/archive/reprints/specpub-BMW.pdf

⇒ Sheffi Y. (1985) Urban Transportation Networks: Equilibrium Analysis


with Mathematical Programming Methods. Prentice-Hall, Englewood
Cliffs, New Jersey
http://web.mit.edu/sheffi/www/selectedMedia/sheffi urban trans networks.pdf

⇒ Nagurney A. (1993) Network Economics: A Variational Inequality


Approach. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, Massachusetts
http://supernet.som.umass.edu/bookser/netbook.htm

⇒ Nagurney A. (2002) Network Economics (Fulbright Lectures)


http://supernet.som.umass.edu/austria lectures/fulmain.html

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1


Additional Reading

. Pocket Guide to Transportation (2008) by Bureau of Transportation


Statistics
http://www.bts.gov/publications/pocket guide to transportation/2008/pdf/entire.pdf

. For additional background material, see the Virtual Center for


Supernetworks website:
http://supernet.som.umass.edu

Dr. Anna Nagurney FOMGT 341 Transportation and Logistics - Lecture 1

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