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5. ENC Management
5.1 Overview of ENC Data
5.1.1 Organizations Involved in ENC data management

a) a) IHO is the authoritative worldwide hydrographic body which actively engages all coastal
and interested States to advance maritime safety and efficiency and which supports the
protection and sustainable use of the marine environment. It creates a global environment in
which States provide adequate and timely hydrographic data, products and services and
ensure their widest possible use.
The IHO principles encourage Member States to distribute their ENCs through a RENC in
order to share in common experience and reduce expenditure, and to ensure the greatest
possible standardization, consistency, reliability and availability of ENCs.
The Organization’s roles are as follows:
i) coordination of the activities of National Hydrographic Offices
ii) greatest possible uniformity in nautical charts and documents

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iii) adoption of reliable and efficient methods of carrying out and exploiting
hydrographic surveys
iv) development of the sciences in the field of hydrography and the
techniques employed in descriptive oceanography

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b) RENC is an organization, through which IHO members can: -
i) co-operates to resolve overlaps and gaps in coverage,
ii) ensure compliance with S57and S63 encoding standards,
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iii) provide a world-wide consistent level of high quality data and support the
provision of coordinated end-user services for official ENCs.
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c) Value Added Resellers (VARs) are specialist distributors who develop their own service
around ENCs, typically including complimentary electronic products, and provide tailored
services through their own distribution networks. There are numerous appointed VARs.
e.g..Admiralty, ChartCo, ChartWorld, Datema, Jeppesen Marine, MARIS, NAVTOR, Norwegian
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Hydrographic Services (PRIMAR) etc.

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5.1.2 Flow of ENC Data

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Fig 5.1 illustrates the channel of ENC Data flow from government organizations to vessels’ ECDIS.
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5.2 Procurement Procedure

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Each VAR will have its own procedure & software of procuring charts, but the principle of procuring
should be same for all. Refer to the procurement procedure provided by the VAR.
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5.3 Encryption and Licenses / Permits

5.3.1 Encryption
ENCs are encrypted to a standard set by IHO known as S-63. Encryption allows for control of the
integrity of data (through RENC) and provision of a mechanism for worldwide coverage of all cells to
be delivered to a vessel.

5.3.2 Licenses / Permits

a) License is a code that is system specific to operate an ECDIS (installed or attached as a

dongle). This license number is also used to order additional cells for that particular system.
b) Permit is a code (linked to license) that is required to unlock the data cells installed in an
ECDIS from ENC and RNC disks. The Permit is generally provided by email and is updated to
reflect changes in Permit permission or when new cells and new editions of cells are published.
It is recommended that prior to installing latest permits, delete existing permits and then load
the latest permits. No permit should be loaded unless the user has the corresponding weekly
update available on board. (Refer to example in Table 5.1 in paragraph 5.4.2)

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c) Therefore, to summarize, “License” is issued on demand when new cells are ordered and
“Permits” are issued weekly to keep up with the updating of the charts. The weekly permits also
incorporate licenses of all the valid cells.
d) It is also important to note that an ECDIS will not work without the License. Licenses are
available to the chart distributes either by manufacturer or by vessel / company. A VAR can
create permits (also codes) in related to the specific ECDIS for each order. Once the user
inputs the permit code, the ECDIS should recognize it and allow access to the data purchased.
e) Another term linked to this information or data is “Public Key”. This is to authenticate ENCs
of the respective VARs. Before installing ENCs, the user must check that the correct Public Key
is installed in the system. Usually this key is installed during initial configuration of ECDIS or
when instructed by VAR. Public Key file IHO.crt is available in all update DVDs issued by the
VAR.
f) Refer to Fig 5.8, following files are received by email every week as permits. Similar files are
received for licenses too. Out of these two, it is recommended to install “.TXT” and NOT “.
PMT”

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5.4 Updating
5.4.1 Installing New Cells and Updating Existing Cells
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a) Updates should be obtained from authorized distributers / VARs.

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b) Updates are applied either as Automatic Updates or Manual Updates as described in

paragraphs 5.4.2 and 5.4.3 respectively. For installing new cells, the procedure is same as
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automatic updating.
c) Updates are produced in DVD format for ENCs and CD format for RNCs on weekly basis.
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These updates include Temporary and Preliminary Notice to Mariners (T&P NMs).
d) T&P NMs for ENC are issued as a layer for ECDIS and known as Admiralty Information
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Overlay (AIO). The AIO is a digital dataset that is designed to be displayed over ENCs in
ECDIS to provide additional information to the navigator. The AIO contains Admiralty T&P NMs
and provides additional preliminary information that is specific to ENCs, such as reported
navigational hazards that have been incorporated on paper charts but have not yet been
included in ENCs.
e) AIO permit would be added to the Chart Permit files by the distributor if the VAR is Admiralty
or issued separately for other VARs. The AIO permit will be loaded at the same time as the
ENC permits when the Chart Permit files are installed.

5.4.2 Automatic Updating

The automatic updating is done using the weekly disk received by the vessel or through the auto
updating service if subscribed. Following shall be noted while carrying out the automatic updating: -
a) Before inserting the disk, the latest Permit should be loaded. No permit should be loaded unless
the user has the corresponding weekly update available on board. Separate Permits are issued for
ENC and RNC.

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b) Permits should always be installed prior to installing any update disk.

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c) All updates are cumulative, therefore only the most recent disk is required. It is not necessary to
load previous week’s updates if several update disks are received together on board.
d) For installing these updates, the user should follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
e) After the updates have been installed, it should be confirmed that the ECDIS has been updated.
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The user shall check the “Log” in the ECDIS to confirm that all cells have been updated, new editions
have been installed and that no errors occurred during the updating.
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f) The Officer in charge is responsible for ensuring that all ECDIS are updated correctly.
g) Installation of updates can be time consuming and is expected to make the ECDIS unit, being
updated, inoperable for the duration of updating process. Hence, it is recommended that updating be
conducted while ship is not underway.
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Following should be noted while such updating: -

i) One ECDIS is updated at a time to ensure the OOW retains an operational system.
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ii) ECDIS should NOT be “Synchronized” nor should be exchanging information.

iii) Once update on one ECDIS is done, checked and verified that the update has not impaired the
ECDIS in any way; it can be synchronized to exchange to update with the other ECDIS.
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h) Admiralty Information Overlay:

i) All Admiralty T&P NMs that are in force are included in the AIO. Each NM is displayed as a
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simple red hatched filled area which indicates the area affected by the NM.
ii) The numbering of NM is same as used in the Admiralty Notices to Mariners.
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iii) The information of the NM is included as an associated text file which can be displayed on
demand. Any associated diagrams can also be viewed.

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5.4.3 Manual Updating

a) Manual Updates shall be inserted the same way as on the paper chart for the in-force
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Navigational Warnings, T&Ps (in case ECDIS not supported by AIO), EGC Messages, Navtex
Warnings. This should be applied to both ENCs and RNCs.
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b) The Manual Update shall be clearly distinguished from the rest of the ENC. FURUNO and
JRC distinguish manual update from the S-52 object in a similar way by marking the object with
orange circle / lines.
c) A record of all manual updates should be maintained on board. Unless specified otherwise
in company’s procedures or capability of onboard systems to maintain such record, format in
Appendix 6 shall be used to maintain record of manual updates.
d) Manual updates once inserted will not be removed by an automatic update. Manual update
needs to be removed manually. Related records of manual updates should be updated
accordingly.
e) Manual Update shall be NOT used for marking on the chart for passage planning purpose.

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