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Microcontroller GRP 7

This document describes a temperature controlled water heating system using an Arduino microcontroller. The system includes a temperature sensor, LCD display, relay, heater, and Arduino board to regulate voltage and sense temperature. The Arduino turns the heater on and off to maintain the set temperature value. The goal is to efficiently control water heating and reduce energy waste by displaying the temperature and controlling it back to the desired level when limits are exceeded.

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39 views4 pages

Microcontroller GRP 7

This document describes a temperature controlled water heating system using an Arduino microcontroller. The system includes a temperature sensor, LCD display, relay, heater, and Arduino board to regulate voltage and sense temperature. The Arduino turns the heater on and off to maintain the set temperature value. The goal is to efficiently control water heating and reduce energy waste by displaying the temperature and controlling it back to the desired level when limits are exceeded.

Uploaded by

ndifon.titian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Abstract

Temperature controlled-based water heating system has become an important topic in all
applications, especially industrial applications with a wide range of efficient temperatures. The
system basically includes a voltage regulator, a dry resistor, a temperature sensor, an LCD, a
relay, a heater, and a microcontroller. Arduino UNO is used to regulate voltage, sense
temperatures to various levels and checking the final output, the heater turned on and off
when the unit exceeded the set value.

Table of Contents
Abstract ......................................................................................................................................................... 1
1. Introduction: ......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Project Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 2
2. Materials and methods: ........................................................................................................................ 2
2.1. Project requirement specifications ............................................................................................... 2
2.1.1. Software requirement; ......................................................................................................... 2
2.1.2. Hardware description ........................................................................................................... 2
3. Design and implementation .................................................................................................................. 4
3.1. Circuit diagram .............................................................................................................................. 4
3.2. flowchat ........................................................................................................................................ 4
Reference ...................................................................................................................................................... 4

1. Introduction:
Water heating is part of energy utilization and is a process that is old as man, with the mode of
heating water changing from the use of sun to the modern day electricity. Due to importance of
hot water to mankind, water-heating units are therefore indispensable and are found in homes,
offices, factories, cafeterias, manufacturing processes etc. for customers to use energy
efficiently for domestic or industrial utility when heating water in a system, there is a need to
use a temperature controlled-based water heating systems, which make it possible for
consumers in domestic premises and industrial areas to efficiently control water heating
systems
1.1. Project Objectives
The main objective of this project is to display the temperature and control the temperature
back to the desired level when certain limits are exceeded, reducing energy waste. Another
goal is to research and build automated systems using interfaces to Arduino and other
devices. Today, Arduino are becoming more and more popular due to their many
advantages, including easy programming and compact size. With support of many devices,
our goal is to master the programming skills and ideas of Arduino systems

2. Materials and methods:


2.1. Project requirement specifications
2.1.1. Software requirement;
i. Proteus 8
ii. Arduino software

2.1.2. Hardware description

i. ARDUINO BOARD:
The circuit consist of an Arduino board which is the brain of the project.
ii. LCD Display:
A 6x2 LCD display is provided to display the user set values and the current
temperature of the water. A 10k variable resistor is provided to adjust the
contrast of the LCD display
iii. DS_18B20 Digital Temperature sensor
A water proof (digital) temperature sensor DS18B20 is utilized in the circuit to
measure the current water temperature accurately. It comes in a metallic tube
and the actual sensor inside looks like a transistor. The sensor comes with 3
wires 5V, Data and GND. The data line must be connected with a 4.7k pull-up
resistor.
It can sense temperature from -55 to +125 degree Celsius and can measure
temperature with the accuracy of +/- 0.5 degree Celsius (from -10 t0 +85C).
Since our application is about heating water, the limited the working range
from 0 to 110 degree Celsius/32 to 230 F is required.
DS_18B20 waterproof Temperature sensor

iv. Relay Pin:


A 9V/12V relay is utilized in the circuit to turn on and off the water heater.
The relay coil is controlled by a NPN transistor BC548 and the input signal to
the transistor provided from pin #8 of Arduino. A current limiting resistor of
4.7k is connected to the base terminal to prevent over-biasing of the
transistor. A diode is connected across the relay to arrest the high voltage
spikes that could arise while energizing and de-energizing the relay coil.

Relay pin diagram

v. Heater to relay wiring:


It was ensured that relay contacts could handle the current water heating
demands. A 10A 250V relay can handle 1KW/1000W heater, above which a
higher ampere rated relay.
Heater to relay wiring diagram

i. Buzzer:

A 5V buzzer is provided to notify when the water reaches the


temperature set by you, this feature is helpful when you just want to
attain certain temperature and you would remove the heater form water.
The buzzer could be switched off using the switch provided in the circuit
when temperature of the water wants to be maintained for long time.
For example, sterilizing medical tools where the tools need to be placed
in hot water several minutes to hours, and you don’t want to get notified
when the temperature reaches the set value.

vi. Power input:


The circuit is provided by a wall adapter with 9V (if you are using 9V
relay) or with 12V. it should provide a minimum current of 500mA.
vii. Keypads:
Four buttons are provided using which you can set a temperature that
you wish to attain / maintain in the mentioned range.

3. Design and implementation


3.1. Circuit diagram

3.2. flowchat

Reference
Khalifa Dai Elnour (2022), Smart Water System Monitoring and Controlling Using Arduino
Board, https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1929361/v1

Obomeghie, A (2022), Development of a Microcontroller Programmable-Based Water Heater


with Temperature Display

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