Copyright 2002, CNC Concepts, Inc.

Machining Center
Programming & Operation
Copyright 2002, CNC Concepts, Inc.

Machining Center
Programming & Operation
Lesson Six:
The Two Ways To
Assign Program Zero
 Lesson Plan
 Using G92 in the program
 Fixture offsets
 Advantages of fixture offsets

Page i
 Lesson Plan
 Using G92 in the program
 Fixture offsets
 Advantages of fixture offsets

Page i
 Lesson Plan
 Using G92 in the program
 Fixture offsets
 Advantages of fixture offsets

Page i
 Lesson Plan
 Using G92 in the program
 Fixture offsets
 Advantages of fixture offsets

Page i
 Lesson Plan
 Using G92 in the program
 Fixture offsets
 Advantages of fixture offsets
Page 61

Page i
 Presentation links
Assigning in the program Assigning with fixture offsets
In XY In XY
In Z In Z
The G92 command Advantage of fixture offsets
Limitation of G92
Using G28 for safety
 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
X value
Y00.0000
Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero

Y value

Again, program zero

assignment values in
X, Y…

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

Z X-10.2837
Y-6.9837
Spindle nose Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero Z value

…and Z will be used to

assign program zero
Assigning Program
Zero In The
Program

This is the old way to

assign program zero!
O0003
N005 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N010 G92 X12.2762 Y10.1221 Z13.1273
N015 T01 M06
N020 G90 S500 M03 T02
N025 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N030 G43 H01 Z0.1
N035 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
.
. With this method, you include
. the program zero assignment
values in a G92 command
O0003
N005 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0
N010 G92 X12.2762 Y10.1221 Z13.1273
N015 T01 M06
N020 G90 S500 M03 T02
N025 G00 X3.0 Y1.0

G92
N030 G43 H01 Z0.1
N035 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
.
.
. But G92 is very limiting – the
only reason you should use it
is if your machine does not
have fixture offsets.
X&Y
Vertical machining
center from above

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
Machine is at zero return
Y00.0000
position – evidenced by… Z00.0000 +

Machine Position

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
…machine position
Y00.0000
displays show zero, and… Z00.0000 +

Machine Position

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
…axis origin
Y00.0000
lights are on Z00.0000 +

Machine Position

Origin

X Y Z

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
Y00.0000
Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
XY program zero 6.9286
Y00.0000
assignment values Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero

3.7756

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
G92 has a 6.9286
Y00.0000
polarity… Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero

3.7756

G92

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
From program
zero to the zero 6.9286
Y00.0000
return position Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero

3.7756

G92

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
These values 6.9286
Y00.0000
are usually plus Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero +
3.7756

+
G92

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

Z X-10.2837
Y-6.9837
Spindle nose Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero

Front view of vertical

machining center
 FANUC 10M

Z X-10.2837
Y-6.9837
Spindle nose Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero 11.3645

Z axis program zero

assignment value
 FANUC 10M

Z X-10.2837
Y-6.9837
Spindle nose Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero 11.3645

Again, from program

zero to zero return
 FANUC 10M

Z X-10.2837
Y-6.9837
Spindle nose Z00.0000 +

Program + Machine Position

zero 11.3645

G92 values are

almost always plus
With this command…

N010 G92 X6.9286 Y3.7756 Z 11.3645

G92 says: The current distance from
program zero to the zero return position is…

N010 G92 X6.9286 Y3.7756 Z 11.3645

6.9286 in X, 3.7756 in Y, and 11.3645 in Z

N010 G92 X6.9286 Y3.7756 Z 11.3645

But notice we said current distance – We’re assuming

the machine is currently at the zero return position
 FANUC 10M

Z X00.0000
Y00.0000
Spindle nose Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero 11.3645

Origin
If the Z axis is not at it’s
zero return position…
X Y Z
 FANUC 10M

Z X00.0000
Y00.0000
Z-5.4763 +

Machine Position

Program
zero 11.3645

Z light off!
Origin
… the control will think program zero
is much further away than it really is!
X Y Z
 FANUC 10M

Z X00.0000
Y00.0000
Z-5.4763 +

Machine Position

Program
zero 11.3645

Z light off! Crash will occur!

Origin
The result will be a crash!

X Y Z
For this reason…

N010 G92 X6.9286 Y3.7756 Z 11.3645

…we recommend placing a command
that sends the machine to its zero return
position just before the G92 command

N005 G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0

N010 G92 X6.9286 Y3.7756 Z 11.3645

If the machine is out of position,

this command will send the
machine to its proper starting point
 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
If, for instance, the X and Y00.0000
Y axes are out of position
Z00.0000 +

Out of position Machine Position

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
The G28 command will Y00.0000
send them to the zero
return position Z00.0000 +

Machine Position

Top view of vertical machining center

Assigning Program
Zero With Fixture
Offsets

This is the newer (and more failsafe)

method to assign program zero
O0003
N005 T01 M06
N010 G54 G90 S500 M03 T02
N015 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N020 G43 H01 Z0.1
N025 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
N030 G00 Z0.1
N035 X4.0
N040 G01 Z-0.5
.
.
. With fixture offsets…
O0003
N005 T01 M06
N010 G54 G90 S500 M03 T02
N015 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N020 G43 H01 Z0.1
N025 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
N030 G00 Z0.1
N035 X4.0
N040 G01 Z-0.5
. …a command in the program tells the
. control to look in a fixture offset to find
. the program zero assignment values
FANUC 16M
WORK COORDINATE SYSTEM SETTING
Fixture offsets page
#0: COMMON #2: G55
X 00.0000 X 00.0000
Y 00.0000 Y 00.0000
Z 00.0000 Z 00.0000

#1: G54 #3: G56

X 00.0000 X 00.0000
Y 00.0000 Y 00.0000
Z 00.0000 Z 00.0000
+
FANUC 16M
WORK COORDINATE SYSTEM SETTING
Fixture offset
#0: COMMON #2: G55 number one
X 00.0000 X 00.0000
Y 00.0000 Y 00.0000
Z 00.0000 Z 00.0000

#1: G54 #3: G56

X 00.0000 X 00.0000
Y 00.0000 Y 00.0000
Z 00.0000 Z 00.0000
+
 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
6.9286
Y00.0000
Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero

3.7756

Fixture offsets
have a polarity…

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
6.9286
Y00.0000
Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero

3.7756

From the zero return

position to program zero

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
6.9286
Y00.0000
Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero -
3.7756

-
Fixture offset values will
almost always be minus

Top view of vertical machining center

FANUC 16M
WORK COORDINATE SYSTEM SETTING

Entry of fixture
#0: COMMON #2: G55
offset in X and Y
X 00.0000 X 00.0000
Y 00.0000 Y 00.0000
Z 00.0000 Z 00.0000

#1: G54 #3: G56

X -6.9286 X 00.0000
Y -3.7756 Y 00.0000
Z 00.0000 Z 00.0000
+
 FANUC 10M

Z X-10.2837
Y-6.9837
Spindle nose Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero 11.3645

The Z fixture offset has

the same polarity…
 FANUC 10M

Z X-10.2837
Y-6.9837
Spindle nose Z00.0000 +

Program Machine Position

zero 11.3645

…from zero return

to program zero
 FANUC 10M

Z X-10.2837
Y-6.9837
Spindle nose Z00.0000 +

Program - Machine Position

zero 11.3645

Again, fixture offset values

will almost always be minus
FANUC 16M
WORK COORDINATE SYSTEM SETTING

Entry of fixture
#0: COMMON #2: G55
offset in Z
X 00.0000 X 00.0000
Y 00.0000 Y 00.0000
Z 00.0000 Z 00.0000

#1: G54 #3: G56

X -6.9286 X 00.0000
Y -3.7756 Y 00.0000
Z -11.3645
Z -11.3645 Z 00.0000
+
O0003
N005 T01 M06
N010 G54 G90 S500 M03 T02
N015 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N020 G43 H01 Z0.1
N025 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
N030 G00 Z0.1
N035 X4.0
N040 G01 Z-0.5 Again, the program tells the
. control to look in a fixture
. offset to find the program zero
. assignment values
O0003
N005 T01 M06
N010 G54 G90 S500 M03 T02
N015 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N020 G43 H01 Z0.1
N025 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
N030 G00 Z0.1
N035 X4.0
N040 G01 Z-0.5
. In absolute mode, any coordinates in X, Y,
. and Z will be taken from the program zero
. point in the current coordinate system
O0003
N005 T01 M06
N010 G54 G90 S500 M03 T02
N015 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N020 G43 H01 Z0.1
N025 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
N030 G00 Z0.1
N035 X4.0
N040 G01 Z-0.5
.
.
.
O0003
N005 T01 M06
N010 G54 G90 S500 M03 T02
N015 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N020 G43 H01 Z0.1
N025 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
N030 G00 Z0.1
N035 X4.0
N040 G01 Z-0.5
.
.
.
O0003
N005 T01 M06
N010 G54 G90 S500 M03 T02
N015 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N020 G43 H01 Z0.1
N025 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
N030 G00 Z0.1
N035 X4.0
N040 G01 Z-0.5
.
.
.
O0003
N005 T01 M06
N010 G54 G90 S500 M03 T02
N015 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N020 G43 H01 Z0.1
N025 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
N030 G00 Z0.1
N035 X4.0
N040 G01 Z-0.5
.
.
.
O0003
N005 T01 M06
N010 G54 G90 S500 M03 T02
N015 G00 X3.0 Y1.0
N020 G43 H01 Z0.1
N025 G01 Z-0.5 F4.5
N030 G00 Z0.1
N035 X4.0
N040 G01 Z-0.5
.
One advantage of fixture offsets:
. Program zero assignment is
. separated from the program
 FANUC 10M

X&Y X00.0000
Another advantage of
fixture offsets…
Y00.0000
Z00.0000 +

Machine Position

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X-2.3756
…the machine cannot
be out of position
Y-1.3745
Z00.0000 +

Machine Position

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X-9.3844
The control will consider the
current position relative to
Y-3.3726
zero return in all motions… Z00.0000 +

Machine Position

Top view of vertical machining center

 FANUC 10M

X&Y X-4.5857
…dramatically minimizing
the potential for a crash!
Y-4.4934
Z00.0000 +

Machine Position

Top view of vertical machining center

FANUC 16M
WORK COORDINATE SYSTEM SETTING

#0: COMMON #2: G55

X 00.0000 X 00.0000
Y 00.0000 Y 00.0000
Z 00.0000 Z 00.0000

#1: G54 #3: G56

X -6.9286 X 00.0000
Y -3.7756 Y 00.0000
Z -11.3645
Z -11.3645 Z 00.0000
We’ll discuss fixture offsets in greater
+

detail during key concept number four

 Lesson Summary
 Using G92 in the program
 Fixture offsets
 Advantages of fixture offsets

Page i
 Lesson Summary
 Using G92 in the program
 Fixture offsets
 Advantages of fixture offsets

Page i
 Lesson Summary
 Using G92 in the program
 Fixture offsets
 Advantages of fixture offsets

Page i
 Lesson Summary
 Using G92 in the program
 Fixture offsets
 Advantages of fixture offsets

Page i