KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN

MUMBAI REGION
Class: XII
English (Core)
QUESTION BANK 2023-24
PATRONS
Ms. Nidhi Pandey, IIS
Commissioner
Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan (HQ), New Delhi
Ms. Sona Seth
Deputy Commissioner, KVS, RO, Mumbai
Shri S.V. Jogleker
Assistant Commissioner, KVS, RO, Mumbai
Shri Rayamallu Sokalla
Assistant Commissioner, KVS, RO, Mumbai
Shri Sumit Mehra
Assistant Commissioner, KVS, RO, Mumbai
Ms. A.P. Kachchap
Assistant Commissioner, KVS, RO, Mumbai
Course Director for Workshop & Question Bank Preparation Team Leader
Shri A.C.Rajput, Principal
Kendriya Vidyalaya Bhandup, Mumbai
Members of Question Bank Preparation Team
Shri V. Pardhasaradhi, PGT (Eng.), KV AFS Thane
Resource Person for Workshop
Shri Sasi Raj, PGT (Eng.), KV, DIAT, Pune
Resource Person for Workshop
All PGTs (English) of KVs of KVS Mumbai Region

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 INDEX
Q.No. Section & Type of Question Word Maximum Page
Skills Limit for Marks
Answer
From To

‘A’ Reading One Factual / Descriptive / Literary

Unseen Passage with MCQs, short
answer and Objective Type Brief
1 Questions carrying 1 mark each to answers as 12 04 14
assess comprehension interpretation, per
analysis, inference and testing requirement.
vocabulary.
A’ Reading One unseen case based factual
passage with verbal / visual inputs
like statistical data, charts etc. with
MCQs, Objective and short answer
Brief
Type Questions carrying 1 mark each answers as
2 10 15 27
to assess comprehension, per
interpretation, analysis, inference and requirement.
evaluation (Note: The combined
word limit for both the unseen
passages will be 700-750 words)
3 ‘B’ Writing Notice (one out of two) 50 words 04 28 31
‘B’ Writing Formal / Informal Invitation and
4 Reply (one out of two) 50 words 04 32 42

‘B’ Writing Letter to Editor / Application for Job

5 based on verbal / visual input (one 120 – 150 05 43 62
out of two) words each

‘B’ Writing Article / Report Writing descriptive

6 and analytical in nature based on 120 – 150 05 63 76
verbal inputs (one out of two) words each

‘C’ Literature One Poetry extract out of two from

Very brief
Textbook and the book Flamingo to assess to the point
7 06 77 106
Supplementary comprehension, interpretation, accurate
Text analysis, inference and appreciation answers
‘C’ Literature One Prose extract out of two from the
Very brief
Textbook and book Vistas to assess comprehension, to the point
8 04 107 117
Supplementary interpretation, analysis, evaluation accurate
Text and appreciation answers
9 ‘C’ Literature One Prose extract out of two from the Very brief 06 118 132
Textbook and book Flamingo to assess to the point
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 Supplementary comprehension, interpretation, accurate
Text analysis, inference and evaluation answers

‘C’ Literature Short answer type questions (five out

Textbook and of six from Prose and Poetry from the 05 x 02 =
10 40 – 50 133 139
Supplementary book Flamingo) to elicit inferential 10
words
Text responses through critical thinking
‘C’ Literature Short answer type questions (two out
Textbook and of three from Prose from the book 02 x 02 =
11 40 – 50 140 144
Supplementary Vistas) to elicit inferential responses 04
words
Text through critical thinking
‘C’ Literature One long answer type question out of
Textbook and two from Prose / Poetry (Flamingo)
12 Supplementary based on incident / theme / passage / 120 – 150 05 145 152
Text extract / event as reference points to words
assess extrapolation
‘C’ Literature One long answer type question out of
Textbook and two from Prose (Vistas) based on
13 Supplementary incidents / themes / events as 120 – 150 05 153 166
Text reference points to assess global words
comprehension and extrapolation
Snippets 167 172
Sample Question Paper 173 184

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 Section ‘A’ Reading Skills: Reading Comprehension: 12 Marks
(For QUESTION NO.1)

Points to be kept in mind while Answering Questions.

• Read the passage carefully and thoroughly to understand the contents. Underline the main ideas and
instances, examples and arguments supporting them.
• Underline the words that you can’t understand and try to guess their meaning from the context.
Similarly the answers of vocabulary related question should be found from the context.
• In Multiple Choice Questions, analyse the questions and options carefully before selecting the
correct options because some of the four options are closely related.
• Quickly go through the subject matter and mark the parts of the passage you feel are the answers to
the questions. Make sure you have understood the question.
• Read the passage again to counter check your answers and write your answers briefly and to the
point.
• Answers should be based on information given / inference derived from the information in the
passage.
• Make sure to use the same tense in which the question has been asked.
• Write the correct question number of each answer on the answer sheet to avoid mistakes.

UNSEEN PASSAGE 1

Q1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:
Beauty is a concept that transcends cultures, epochs, and individual preferences, touching the deepest recesses
of the human soul. It exists in the natural world, in art, in emotions, and even in ideas. Beauty captivates,
mesmerizes, and evokes a sense of wonder that enriches the human experience.

In nature, beauty can be witnessed in the vibrant colours of a sunset, the delicate intricacies of a
blooming flower, or the graceful flight of a bird. From the majestic mountains to the serene ocean waves,
nature's beauty stirs a sense of awe and reminds us of our connection to the world around us. It awakens a
profound appreciation for the wonders of the universe, inspiring poets, artists, and philosophers throughout
history to contemplate its mysteries.

Art, too, is a powerful expression of beauty. Whether it's a captivating melody, a mesmerizing dance,
or a breath-taking painting, art has the ability to move us emotionally and intellectually. It allows us to glimpse
the inner workings of the human spirit, touching on universal truths and shared experiences. Through art, we
can explore the complexities of life and find solace in moments of chaos.

The beauty of human emotions is equally remarkable. Love, compassion, and empathy are among the
most beautiful aspects of our existence. They remind us of our inherent capacity to connect with others on a
profound level and to make a positive impact on each other's lives. These emotions inspire acts of kindness
and selflessness, transcending the boundaries of race, religion, and nationality.

Beyond the tangible, beauty can also be found in abstract ideas and concepts. The pursuit of
knowledge, the unravelling of scientific mysteries, and the quest for understanding the universe's secrets all
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possess an inherent beauty. The human mind's capacity to explore, question, and create embodies the essence
of beauty in the realm of ideas.

In conclusion, beauty is an intangible force that shapes our perception of the world and enriches
our existence. It can be observed in the natural world, expressed through art and emotions, and even manifested
in abstract concepts. Beauty beckons us to seek meaning, connect with others, and embrace the profound
wonders of life. It is a timeless, universal essence that continues to inspire, elevate, and ignite the human spirit.

Answer the following Questions. 1X12= 12

1. According to the passage, what does beauty transcend?

a) Cultural boundaries
b) Personal preferences
c) Time and space
d) International Borders

2. In what ways can beauty be observed in nature?

3. What can art do according to the passage?

a) Create chaos and confusion
b) Move people emotionally and intellectually
c) Make people indifferent to their surroundings
d) Limit the human experience

4. What are some examples of human emotions that are considered beautiful?

5. According to the passage, how does beauty impact the human spirit?
a) It limits our emotions
b) It creates chaos and confusion
c) It inspires, elevates, and ignites the human spirit
d) It disconnects us from our emotions
6. How does beauty inspire acts of kindness and selflessness?
7. Where else can beauty be found besides the natural world and art?
a) Nowhere else
b) In abstract ideas and concepts
c) Only in physical objects
d) In technological advancements
8. What aspects of the natural world remind us of our connection to beauty?
9. What does beauty do to our perception of the world?
a) It makes us indifferent to the world around us
b) It shapes and enriches our perception
c) It disconnects us from others
d) It hinders our understanding of the universe
10. Suggest the appropriate title for this passage.

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 a) Art for Art’s Sake
b) Nature and its Manifestation
c) Beauty
d) Abstract Ideas and Concepts
11. Find a sentence from the options given below which has a word which means ‘to pass beyond the limits
of something or to surpass.’

a) No longer can any party outspend another.

b) At last I apprehend its meaning.
c) “I don’t pretend I have any knowledge of the subject.”
d) Beauty is a concept that transcends all the known boundaries.

12. Find a sentence from the options given below which has a word with opposite meaning of ‘touchable or
to be perceived through the sense of touch.’ "

a) As I sat at the patient's bed his fear was almost tangible."

b) "Beauty is an intangible force that shapes our perception of the world.”
c) "I cannot believe that it is sensible to spend so much."
d) "he was fond of music and had a tolerable voice"

Answers:
1. d) All of the above
2. In nature, beauty can be witnessed in the vibrant colours of a sunset, the delicate intricacies of a blooming
flower, or the graceful flight of a bird. From the majestic mountains to the serene ocean waves.
3. b) Move people emotionally and intellectually

4. Love, compassion, and empathy are among the most beautiful aspects of our existence.

5. c) It inspires, elevates, and ignites the human spirit

6. Beautiful human emotions remind us of our inherent capacity to connect with others on a profound level
and to make a positive impact on each other's lives.

7. b) In abstract ideas and concepts

8. nature's beauty stirs a sense of awe and reminds us of our connection to the world around us.

9. b) It shapes and enriches our perception

10. c) Beauty

11. d) Beauty is a concept that transcends all the known boundaries.

12. b) "Beauty is an intangible force that shapes our perception of the world.”

Passage-2
Phobias are intense and irrational fears of specific objects, situations, or activities that can
significantly disrupt a person's daily life and well-being. These debilitating anxieties can manifest in numerous
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forms, ranging from common fears like heights and spiders to more unusual ones like clowns or buttons. While
most people experience some level of fear, phobias are characterized by their excessive, uncontrollable nature,
causing individuals to go to great lengths to avoid the object of their dread.

Phobias often develop during childhood or adolescence, though they can emerge at any stage of
life. Traumatic experiences, learned behaviours from family members, or genetic predispositions are some
common factors contributing to their development. Once established, phobias can become deeply ingrained
and challenging to overcome without professional intervention.

Physical and emotional symptoms accompany phobias. Physical manifestations may include
rapid heartbeat, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, and dizziness. Emotionally, individuals may
experience overwhelming anxiety, panic attacks, a sense of impending doom, or the need to escape the
situation entirely.

Agoraphobia, social phobia, and specific phobias are among the most common types.
Agoraphobia involves fear of situations that might be difficult to escape, leading many sufferers to avoid
crowded places or leaving their homes altogether. Social phobia entails an intense fear of social situations,
making individuals exceedingly self-conscious and apprehensive about judgment or embarrassment. Specific
phobias encompass a wide array of fears, such as fear of flying, needles, or public speaking.

Treatment for phobias often involves a combination of cognitive-behavioural therapy

(CBT) and exposure therapy. CBT helps individuals identify and modify negative thought patterns associated
with their phobia, while exposure therapy gradually exposes them to the feared object or situation under
controlled conditions. This process helps desensitize the person to their fear and fosters a sense of control.

In some cases, medication may be prescribed to manage the anxiety and physical
symptoms associated with phobias. However, it is typically used in conjunction with therapy rather than as
the sole treatment method.

Phobias can be distressing and disruptive, but with appropriate support and
intervention, many individuals can learn to manage their fears effectively. Seeking professional help early on
is essential, as untreated phobias can lead to avoidance behaviours that restrict a person's life and limit their
potential for growth and happiness. With the right approach, individuals can reclaim their lives from the grasp
of phobias and embrace a world free from irrational fear.

Answer the following questions. 1X12= 12

1. What are phobias?

a) Intense and irrational fears of specific objects, situations, or activities.
b) Moderate and rational fears of everyday situations.
c) Fear of heights and spiders.
d) Mild fear of anything which is not the part of individual’s experience.
2. How are phobias different from regular fears?
3. When do phobias typically develop?
a) During early adulthood.
b) During childhood or adolescence.
c) During old age
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 d) At any stage of life.

4. What are some common factors that contribute to the development of phobias?

5. What are some physical symptoms of phobias?

a) Excessive happiness and excitement.
b) Rapid heartbeat, sweating, and trembling.
c) Deep breath and alertness.
d) Mild fever and restlessness.
6. Name three types of phobias mentioned in the passage.

7. What are some emotional symptoms of phobias?

a) Overwhelming joy and euphoria.
b) A sense of impending doom and panic attacks.
c) Contentment and relaxation.
d) A feeling of fulfilment and achievement
8. How does social phobia manifest in individuals?

9. What is exposure therapy, and how does it help treat phobias?

10. Suggest the appropriate title for the passage.

a) Depression
b) Schizophrenia
c) Phobia
d) Mania
11. Find a sentence from the options given below which has a word which means, ‘a condition
that makes somebody/something to behave in a particular way or suffer from medical condition.’
a) "A child may inherit a predisposition to panic attacks"
b) "Any delay will prejudice the child's welfare"
c) "She was certain that fate was with her and everything was predestined."
d) The car company started a sister company to buy and sell preowned cars.

12. Find a sentence from the options given below which has a word opposite in meaning of the word,
‘confident.’
a) Dress neatly and attractively in an outfit appropriate to the job.
b) "The apprehensive candidate got the job despite his fears"
c) "She feels that he does not appreciate her"
d) He said they would appeal against the decision.

Answers:
1. a) Intense and irrational fears of specific objects, situations, or activities.
2. Phobias are characterized by their excessive, uncontrollable nature, causing individuals to go to great
lengths to avoid the object of their dread.

3. d) At any stage of life.

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4. Traumatic experiences, learned behaviours from family members, or genetic predispositions are some
common factors contributing to the development of phobias.

5. b) Rapid heartbeat, sweating, and trembling.

6. Agoraphobia, social phobia & phobia of public speaking/ flying/high places.
7. b) A sense of impending doom and panic attacks.
8. Social phobia entails an intense fear of social situations.
9. Exposure Therapy gradually exposes the patients/ sufferers to the feared object or situation under
controlled conditions.
10. Seeking professional help, individuals can reclaim their lives from the grasp of phobias and embrace a
world free from irrational fear.

11. a) "A child may inherit a predisposition to panic attacks"

12. b) "The apprehensive candidate got the job despite his fears"

PASSAGE-3

1. Academics has always been an essential part of human development. It prepares us to survive in the outside
world and establish an identity of our own. But, is an individual’s development restricted to merely academics?
In India, from an early age, we have been taught that education is limited to the boundaries of academics only;
the idea of getting out into the field, for gaining practical experience, is always considered a hoax. This has
hindered students’ development. But, the truth is that education represents a considerably broader field than
we know of it. Our teaching, from the basics, has been focused on getting good grades and job offers, rather
than being creative and unique.

2. In the 21stcentury, the pure academic type of education is slowly paving way for a whole new type. The
paradigm shift in the whole education system is evident. People have now come to understand that education
is a 360 degree activity that should focus on students’ overall development, rather than restricting him/her to
the classroom.

3. Co-curricular activities that take place outside the classroom but reinforce or supplement classroom
curriculum, in some way, have become a point of focus today. These activities help in the growth of the child,
in more than one way. Participating in such activities helps youngsters grow mentally, socially and
individually. Intellectual development of a student is developed in the classroom, but for the aesthetic
development such as team- building, character- building, and physical growth, students must step out into the
outside world. For instance, if a student is a part of school football team, he/ she will learn team- work and
coordination, in a practical manner, which cannot be taught in the class.

4. Similarly, in colleges and institutions, there is a need for practical exposure so that the students can
experience the actual working of an industry. For example, taking a student to a manufacturing firm will give
him/ her the real insight and better learning of the industry. Catering to this change, most professional colleges
including schools, have started providing practical exposure to students through regular guest lectures,
industrial visits, conferences, seminars, cultural festivals, and so on. With industry visits, students are able to
better identify their prospective areas of work in the overall organizational function. Moreover, they help
enhance interpersonal skills and communication techniques. In addition, guest lectures are equally important

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for all – round development of students. It is a great way for students to gain maximum exposure, as guest
speakers talk about their real- life experiences and not what is there in the text books.

5. Through such events, students are made to participate and coordinate different events wherein, they get to
know how exactly things are managed. Classroom teaching provides the foundation, and co-curricular or
extra- curricular activities provide practical exposure and opportunities to implement what students learn in
the classroom. This helps in developing the overall personality of the students, inculcating various soft – skills
in them, which otherwise are difficult to teach. Clearly, life beyond academics creates creative and empowered
professionals.

On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, answer any five of the questions given below
by choosing the most appropriate option:

a. Students' development is hindered by (1)

i. limiting education to academic boundaries.
ii. getting out to the field.
iii. being creative and unique.
iv. gaining practical knowledge.

b. The shift in the education system means (1)

i. to restrict to classroom activities.
ii. to focus on academic development.
iii.to ignore 360 degree activity.
iv.to focus on overall development.
c. Co- Curricular activities that take place outside the classroom do not help in (1)
i. teamwork and co-ordination.
ii. mental and social growth.
iii. intellectual development.
iv. character building.
d. Guest speakers talk about (1)
i. all round development.
ii. their real life experiences.
iii. what is in text books.
iv. gaining exposure.
e. Classroom teaching provides (1)
i. practical exposure
ii. opportunities to implement what is learnt in classroom
iii. chance to learn soft skills
iv. the foundation
f. From earlier times what has not been the focus of education? (1)
g. Aesthetic development in students is the result of…………. (1)
h. Name the kind of Co-curricular activities in focus today. (1)
i. What gives children a better insight into industry? (1)
j. Why are soft skills difficult to teach in the classroom? (1)
k. Pick out the words/phrases from the passage which are similar in meaning to the following: (2)
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 i. untrue (Para 1)
ii. cooperative effort (Para 3)

ANSWER KEY
1.1 On the basis of your understanding of the passage, complete the statements given below by
choosing the most appropriate option: ( Any five)
(a) i. limiting education to academic boundaries.
(b) iv. to focus on overall development.
(c) iii .intellectual development.
(d) ii. their real life experiences.
(e) iv. the foundation
(f) Creativity
g) Being creative and unique
(h) Co-curricular activities that take place outside the classroom but reinforce or supplement
classroom curriculum.
(i) Visiting industries will give a better insight into industries
(j)Soft skills are developed only through practical exposure and opportunities to implement what they
have learnt.
1.3 Find words from the passage which mean the same as the following:
i. Hoax
ii. Coordination
Passage-4

1. The art of conversation, like any art, is a skill of elegance, nuance and creative execution. I happen to believe
that there is an art to everything we do, and why not? Without flair and panache most things become a
drudgery. Why settle for drudgery when you can have art?

2. When it comes to the art of conversation, we ve all met people who seem to have the knack for it. They can
talk to anybody about anything and they seem to do it with complete ease. And while it s true that there are
those who are born with the gift of the gab, luckily for the rest of us, conversation skills can be developed and
mastered.

3. Conversation is a form of communication; however, it is usually more spontaneous and less formal. We
enter into conversations for purposes of pleasant engagement in order to meet new people, to find out
information and to enjoy social interactions. As far as types of conversation, they vary anywhere from
intellectual conversations and information exchanges to friendly debates and witty banter.

4. While there is more to having good conversation skills than being a comedian, a dramatic actor, or a great
story teller, it is not necessary to become more gregarious, animated, or outgoing.

5. Instead, you can develop the ability to listen attentively, ask fitting questions, and pay attention to the
answers all qualities essential to the art of conversation. With diligent practice and several good pointers,
anyone can improve his or her conversation skills.

6 .People who are genuinely interested in others are usually interesting themselves. Why ? Because they are
more open to learning about and understanding new things. Showing interest also encourages the other person

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to be relaxed and share information more freely. Display attentiveness by keeping good eye contact and
listening actively.
7. If you happen to be shy and need time to warm up before you share your own views, you can ask open-
ended questions or encourage the other person to elaborate on their insights. This kick-starts the conversation
and before you know it you are engaged in a good conversational flow.

8. To start a conversation, go up to someone and introduce yourself. It is both polite and necessary to start off
things smoothly.

9. When the occasion calls for it, you can offer a handshake and then smile and make eye contact. Being
friendly puts the other person at ease and opens the door for him or her to introduce themselves.

10. The art of conversation, like any skill, takes practice. Period. Do not expect to be adept after your first few
attempts. It will take practice as well as exposure to many different social situations

Based on your understanding of the passage, answer the questions given below
(i) Complete the sentence by choosing an appropriate option : (1)
The art of conversation is a skill of __________.
a. uniformity and compatibility
b. friendliness and consensus
c. assertion and ease
d. sophistication and creativity

ii. Comment on the writer’s reference to the conversation skills as something you are born with. (1)

iii. List two reasons why people enter into conversation. (2)

iv. Select the option that conveys the opposite of ‘WITTY’ (paragraph 3).
(1)
a. educated
b. creative
c. ignorant
d. boring

v. The writer would not agree with the given statements based on paragraphs 3 to 5, except (1)
a. Conversations are meant only for purposes of research.
b. It is important to be outgoing to be a good conservationist.
c. Conversational skills can be improved with regular practice.
d. Attentive listening is important only while debating.

vi. According to the author, showing interest in others leads to interesting conversation.
Based on your understanding of paragraphs 5 and 6, list one way how a good listener can make the
other person speak more freely (1)

vii. In what way can one warm up before one share one’s views (2)
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viii. Complete the given sentence with an appropriate inference, with respect to the following: (1)
The writer gives an example of going up to someone and introducing oneself in order to __________.
ix. How can the ways to start a conversation, as suggested in the passage, be best described? (1)
a. challenging
b. practical
c. exhausting
d. humbling

x. Select the most suitable title for the above passage. (1)
a. Conversation a challenging pursuit.
b. Conversation vs Communication
c. Effective Listening
d. Mastering the Art of Conversation

Passage-5
1. Brands are about relationships. Until now, the brand owner controlled most of the messaging on the brand
in this owner-consumer relationship. The consumer participated in the relationship through
comprehending the massaging and parting with his/her hard-earned money for the promise of the brand.
But now, in the social media world, all that is changing. The very fabric of the relationship has altered
because the control of the messaging is no longer the monopoly of the firm.
2. Social media, in my book, is voluntary communication with people, community and society that matters
to you. People have always had a basic hunger to connect and reconnect. The Internet gave them a great
opportunity and social media, combined with omnipresent mobile phones, has fuelled this hunger.
3. Social media helps people reconnect the dots in their life. It enables them to stay in touch with what’s
happening in the lives of people who matter to them. It allows them to voluntarily express their views on
what they like, what they dislike and what they want. It helps them create, control and contribute to a body
of knowledge.
4. The social media movement is altering a number of thigs. for a star, it is altering the relationships in the
family. Consumers on average have about 250 to 300 friends on various social media sits. Of this, they
actively keep in touch with about 50, and are really close to about ten people. In the past, the family was
the core of a person’s being and his highest connection was with the family. With social media, a few close
friends are now the core, followed by the family and then some more friends and then relatives.
5. Second, social media is changing the source of trust. In the past, people had higher trust in institutions, in
the government, in companies, etc. Today, their fundamental trust is moving to what their social media
peer group says and thinks. With the advent of Twitter, etc. the trust in CEOs in the West has dropped
because people in the company and outside are constantly tracing actions versus words and posting it for
everyone to read and comment.
6. Social media is helping people resolve their customer-care issues. Consumers now have a voice that is
heard by the company directly. It is either shared as feedback in the community or someone in their
network has access to the company’s employees. At the same time, young people are leveraging social
media to get jobs with their admired companies.
7. Social media is changing the Internet. It is changing the nature of relationships and also the definition of
consumer involvement. What’s driving this change is the network effect of the consumer, the user-
generated content and the knowledge that the community generates as a result.
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8. While the benefits are obvious, there are downsides too. The whole issue of privacy and the dividing line
between what’s public is entirely in the hands of the person posting something. A lot of people think social
media is free. However, they are not factoring in an important dimension-their time. The time they spend
is not free; is has come out of something else.
9. The good word of the public has always been important to brands, firms and governments. That’s built on
reputation and trust. With social media, that’s truer than ever before as this relationship paradigm has now
become two-way and interactive. Hence, reputation and trust will now have to be managed every day and
every minute.
Based on your understanding of the passage, answer the questions given below:- 12X1=12

a) Reputation and trust will now have to be managed________________.

i) Continuously ii) every day and every minute

iii) Every hour iv) both (i) and (ii)
b) The relationship paradigm has now become ___________________.

i) two-way but not-interactive ii) a one-way process

iii) two-way and interactive iv) two way only
c) Consumers can____________________.

i) now reconnect the dots in their life ii) alter a number of things.
iii) Actively keep in touch with friends. iv) Have a vo8ice that is heard by the company directly.
d) ________________is a basic hunger of the people.

i) Connect and reconnect ii) Internet and Social Media

iii) Bread and Butter iv) Riches and Luxuries
e) Choose the word from para 3 which means the same as ‘Willingly’.

i) Contribute ii) voluntarily iii) Create iv) reconnect

f) Choose the word from para 6 which means the same as ‘to find an acceptable solution to a problem
or difficulty

i) Leverage ii) feedback iii) Access iv) Resolve

g) Why it is called as ‘Brands are about relationship’?

h) What are privacy concerns of internet according to you?
i) Why the relationships within the family are changing?
j) How the internet helps to connect dots in life?
k) ‘reputation and trust will now have to be managed every day and every minute’. Do you agree?
l) What do we think of social media?.
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 CASE-BASED FACTUAL PASSAGES
(For QUESTION NO.2)

Passage-1
The White Revolution, known as Operation Flood, was launched in 1970. It was an initiative by India ‘s National Dairy
Development Board (NDDB) and was the world‘s biggest dairy development programmed. It transformed India from a
milk deficient nation into the world‘s largest milk producers. Operation Flood was based on the experimental pattern
set up by Verghese Kurien, chairman and founder of AMUL, who was named the Chairman of NDDB and was also
recognized as the architect of Operation Flood.

There were three phases of the White Revolution in India.

Phase 1: This phase started in July 1970 with the objective of setting up dairy cooperatives in 18 milk sheds in 10 states.
They were to be linked with the four best metropolitan markets. By the end of this phase in 1981 there were 13,000
village dairy cooperatives covering 15,000 farmers.

Phase 2: It aimed at building on the designs of phase 1 and on the assisted Dairy development programmes in Karnataka,
Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh. By the end of this phase in 1985 there were 136 milk sheds, 34,500 village dairy
cooperatives and over 36 lakh members.

Phase 3: This phase emphasised on consolidating the gains of the earlier two phases by improving the productivity and
efficiency of the dairy sectors for long term sustainability. It ended in 1996 and by that time there were 73,300 dairy
cooperatives and over 9.4 million farmer members. It ended the imports of milk solids in India and India started
exporting milk powder to many foreign nations.

I. The White Revolution was responsible for turning India to__________ .

a. to a milk deficient nation
b. World ‘s largest milk producer
i. The first statement is correct
ii. The second statement is correct
iii. Both statements are correct
iv. Neither of the statement is correct
II. The major achievement of White Revolution was _________________
a. It ended the imports of milk solids in India.
b. India started exporting milk
i. Only first statement is correct
ii. Only second statement is correct
iii. Both statements are correct
iv. Neither of the statement is correct

15
 III. In increasing order, the share of following states in Milk Production in India is ______
a. Gujrat
b. Maharashtra
c. Uttar Pradesh
d. Andhra Pradesh
i. acd&b
ii. cad&b
iii. bad&c
iv. cda&b
IV. Phase 3: This phase emphasised on consolidating the gains of the earlier two phases by_
a. improving the productivity and efficiency of the dairy sectors.
b. for long term sustainability
c. Phase three ended in 1995
d. 9.4 million farmer members of dairy co-operatives.
i. Statement ‘a’ is correct
ii. Statement ‘b’ is correct
iii. Statements a, b &d are correct
iv. Statement ‘a’ and ‘b’ are correct.

V. Milk production in Maharashtra and MP is_________________

VI. Milk production in Haryana and Tamil Nadu together is closest to.
VII. The word 'sustainability’ in the passage means the ability to___.
VIII. Who was known as the architect of Operation Flood and why?
IX. What was the development in phase 2 of the White Revolution in India?
X. What did phase 3 emphasise on?

ANSWERS:
I. ii. The second statement is correct.
II. iii. Both statements are correct
III. iii. b a d & c
IV. iv. statement ‘a’ and ‘b’ are correct.
V. almost the same
VI. Rajasthan
VII. be maintained at a certain rate or level
VIII. Verghese Kurien,because the Operation Flood transformed India from a milk deficient nation
into the world‘s largest milk producers based on the experimental pattern set up by Verghese
Kurien.
IX. By the end of this phase in 1981 there were 13,000 village dairy cooperatives covering 15,000
farmers.
X. This phase emphasised on consolidating the gains of the earlier two phases by improving the
productivity and efficiency of the dairy sectors for long term sustainability

16
 Passage-2
Internet Overtakes Print in 2015

In the year 2015, a transformative shift occurred in the media landscape as the Internet surged ahead,
surpassing print media in popularity and influence. This watershed moment marked a pivotal turning point in
how information was disseminated, accessed, and consumed.

According to a recent forecast by Zenith Optimedia, online advertising in 2015 will overtake print advertising
for the first time. For the coming year the analysts are already expecting that the internet will attract more
advertising dollars globally in 2013 than newspapers.

The digital realm also offered a diverse range of multimedia formats, enriching the content experience for
users. Videos, infographics, podcasts, and interactive articles became prevalent, catering to varying
preferences and learning styles. This multimedia approach not only enhanced user engagement but also
presented complex topics in more accessible and engaging ways.

However, as the Internet's influence soared, traditional print media faced significant challenges. Many
newspapers and magazines struggled to adapt to the digital landscape, grappling with declining revenues from
advertising and subscriptions. To stay relevant, numerous print publications ventured into the digital realm,
establishing online editions and experimenting with various revenue models. Some newspapers even
embraced a hybrid approach, offering both print and digital versions to cater to diverse audiences.

The rise of the Internet as a dominant information platform can be attributed to several key factors. One of the
primary drivers was the convenience and accessibility it offered. Unlike traditional print media, which relied
on physical distribution and subscriptions, the Internet provided instant access to a vast array of information
with just a few clicks. However, amidst the growth and possibilities of the digital age, concerns also arose.
The rise of fake news and misinformation became a pressing issue as it spread rapidly through social media
platforms, challenging the credibility of information sources and undermining public trust in media. The 24/7
availability of online content enabled people to stay informed on a global scale, breaking down geographical
barriers and enabling real-time news updates and analysis.

Despite these challenges, the digital revolution also brought forth tremendous opportunities for the media
industry. Digital advertising became a booming market, with targeted ads and sponsored content enabling

17
businesses to reach their intended audiences more effectively. The shift to digital platforms opened up new
avenues for content creation and distribution, leading to the emergence of online-only news outlets and digital-
native publications

In conclusion, the year 2015 marked a significant milestone in the evolution of media as the Internet overtook
print media, reshaping the way we consume and interact with information.

Answer the following questions based on the passage above:

Q1. How did social media platforms contribute to the media landscape's transformative shift?

a) They challenged the monopoly of traditional media outlets.

b) They enabled targeted advertising for businesses.
c) They provided 24/7 availability of online content.
d) They offered diverse multimedia formats.
Q2. What was a major concern that arose with the growth of the digital age?

Q3. What was the percentage increase in internet usage from 2011 to 2015?

a) Approximately 30%
b) Approximately 42%
c) Approximately 72%
d) Approximately 86%
Q4. From the data, what can be inferred about the trend in magazine readership during the years 2011 to
2015?

a) Magazine readership remained stable.

b) Magazine readership decreased gradually.
c) Magazine readership experienced significant growth.
d) Magazine readership increased gradually.

Q5. During which year did newspaper readership experience the highest decline compared to the previous
year?

Q6. What was the total percentage decrease in newspaper readership from 2011 to 2015?

a) Approximately 6.1%
b) Approximately 11.2%
c) Approximately 12.2%
d) Approximately 13.3%
Q7. How did declining revenues affect traditional print media during the digital revolution?

Q8. In which year did the internet show the highest percentage increase compared to the previous year?

Q9. As per the passage, many newspapers and magazines struggled with declining revenues. What step was
initiated to overcome the situation?

18
Q10. What does the word "prevalent" mean?

a) Rare or uncommon
b) Widespread or commonly occurring
c) Changing rapidly
d) Inconsistent or unreliable
Or

Q10. What does the term "catering" imply in the context of the passage?

a) Providing food services

b) Customizing offerings to meet specific needs
c) Organizing events
d) Engaging in marketing activities

ANSWERS

Q1: a) They challenged the monopoly of traditional media outlets.

Q2. The rise of fake news and misinformation

Q3. b) Approximately 42%

Q4. b) Magazine readership decreased gradually.

Q5. d) 2015 (Newspaper readership decreased by 4 units from 2014 to 2015, which is the highest decline
compared to other years.)

Q6. d) Approximately 13.3%

Q7. The decline in traditional print media revenues posed challenges for newspapers and magazines.

Q8.c) 2014 (Internet usage increased by approximately 17.5% from 2013 to 2014, which is the highest
percentage increase compared to other years.)

Q9.They ventured into digital realm.

Q10. b) Widespread or commonly occurring

OR

b) Customizing offerings to meet specific needs

PASSAGE-3

The COVID 19 pandemic threw fresh challenges at overcoming the global nutrition crisis and
highlighted the importance of sustainable eating to combat malnutrition, hidden hunger and diet
related non-communicable diseases. The number of deaths attributed to poor diet has risen by 15%
19
since 2010 and is now responsible for more than 12 million NCD deaths in adults. This amounts to a
quarter (26%) of all adult deaths annually. At the same time, global food demand is now responsible
for 30% of all greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe), with animal foods responsible for the majority of
GHGe (fig 1). As compared to 2010, the environmental impacts of food demand grew by as much as
14%.

Figure 1: Global greenhouse gas emissions from food production

Source: Our World in Data

The financial need to address new nutrition challenges due to the impact of COVID 19 has increased
by many folds. To meet nutrition targets on stunting, wasting, maternal anemia and breastfeeding by
2030 alone there is a need for additional 10.8 billion USD between 2022 and 2030.
According to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2019-21, the 5th in the series India has seen
no significant improvement in health and nutritional status among her population. The latest data
shows, 7.7% of children are severely wasted, 19.3% are wasted and 35.5% are stunted. At the same
time, 3.4% children are overweight which was 2.1% in NFHS-4 (fig 2). Anemia among children
under-5 has become significantly worse with the current prevalence as 67.1% compared to 58.6%
according to NFHS-4. 57% of women of reproductive age are anemic in the country.

Figure 2: Nutritional status of children under-5 years of age

20
Overweight or obesity is also on the rise among Indian adult male and females. NFHS-5 recorded
24% adult women to be overweight or obese compared to 20.6% in NFHS-4. 22.9% adult men are
overweight or obese according to NFHS-5 which was 18.9% as reported by NFHS-4.

Source - https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/global-nutrition-report-2021/

Answer the questions given below as per instruction: - (1x10=10 marks)

1. According to the passage the Covid 19 pandemic presented fresh challenges to ___________
a. Overcoming nutritional crisis worldwide.
b. Sustainable eating pattern
c. Hidden hunger
d. Diet related to non-communicable diseases.
i. Only (a) is correct.
ii. Both (a) and (d) are correct.
iii. All are correct
iv. None are correct.
2. Non-communicable disease related deaths in adults form __________percentage of all adult
deaths annually.
3. What is the main environmental impact of increased food demand globally?
a. Malnutrition
b. Adult deaths
c. Greenhouse gas emission
d. Food crisis
4. The passage suggests that the author is____________ ?
a. Jubiliant
b. Depressed
c. Concerned
d. Indifferent
5. Which of the following is true in the context of the given passage?
a. India has shown no significant improvement in health and nutritional status as per
NFHS 2019-21.
b. Covid 19 has increased greenhouse gas emission.
c. The funds available are enough to meet fresh nutritional challenges.
6. According to the data given in Fig.(1) 26% of global emissions are related to food production.
Which portion/component of this food production result in maximum emission?
a. Crop production
b. Land Use
c. Livestock and Fish farms
d. Supply chain.

7. How much additional fund will be approximately required to meet nutrition related targets by
2030?
21
 8. The data given in Fig (2) suggests that among all nutrition related problems, ___________ has
worsened significantly over the period of NFHS4 and NFHS 5.
a. Wasting
b. Stunting
c. Anemia
d. Obesity

9. What is the significance of the statement “57% of women of reproductive age are anemic in
the country”?
a. It implies that women are obese and so they are anemic.
b. Children born to anemic mothers suffer from anemia and add to the number of children
suffering from the disease.
c. Women of reproductive age do not care to eat properly.

10. As per NFHS 4 obesity is more prevalent among women or men? Quote the statement from
fig 2 which support your answer.
ANSWERS:
1. a
2. 26%
3. c
4. c
5. a
6. c
7. 10.8 billion
8. c
9. b
10. Obesity is also on the rise among Indian adult male and females.

PASSAGE -4
The popcorn-munching book fair lovers have established it and India's rich heritage of Vedas and Shastras
stands testimony. Among 30 major countries surveyed, the NOP World Culture Score Index ranks India as
the country that loves reading the most if the time spent doing so is taken into consideration. Indians clocked
10.4 hours of weekly reading, as per the list. On an average, that’s around one and a half hours of reading in
a day. After India, Thailand and China are placed second and third on the list, clocking 9.24 hours and 8 hours
respectively. The next three countries — Philippines, Egypt and the Czech Republic —read 7.36 hours, 7.3
hours and 7.24 hours respectively on a weekly basis.

Is there a correlation with literacy?

Surprisingly, the reading craze has nothing to do with literacy as European countries like Finland, Norway,
and Denmark- all of whom are known for high literacy rates and excellent education systems - fail to figure
even in the top ten of the list. The only two European countries with an impressive education system that
22
also figure in the top ten are Sweden and France at eighth and ninth positions respectively. It’s not that
India's literacy figures are bad at all – but they’re not top of the world either. India has a literacy rate of 74.04
percent (as per the 2011 census) whereas the others in the list which trail India such as Thailand, China,
Philippines, Egypt have literacy rates of 93.5 percent, 95.1 percent, 95.4 percent, 73.9 percent respectively.

The question thus arises: What is behind India's high rank?

A reason that perhaps contributed to India’s top billing on the list is the recent wave of successful Indian
authors – Ravinder Singh, Amish, Jeet Thayil and Arvind Adiga (who was also awarded Man Booker Prize
for The White Tiger) — who have created a much-needed disruption in the Indian publishing business through
their popular titles. Add to that, a thrust provided by social media and e-books.

23
Source-https: https://www.moneycontrol.com/news/trends/data-story-indians-spend-more-time-reading-
than-anyone-else-in-the-world-2425835.html

On the basis of your understanding of the passage answer the questions given below: -

1. What is the implication in the opening statement of the passage? (“The popcorn-munching…stands
testimony”)
a. Book lovers love popcorn
b. The Vedas and Shastras are the witness of India being a book loving nation.
c. Indians have always loved reading-from the Vedic age to the modern days.
d. Book fairs are the best place to read books.

2. What is India’s weekly reading hours as per World Culture Score Index?

3. What evidence does the author provide to prove that reading craze has no relation to literacy?
a. India is not among the top ten in the list though it has a very high literacy.
b. None of the European countries are on the list.
c. Highly literate countries like Finland and Norway fail to figure in the top ten.
d. Only two educated European countries – Sweden & France are among the top ten.
i. Only a is correct
ii. Only c and d are correct.
iii. Only c is correct and d is incorrect.
iv. None are correct.
4. What was the literacy rate of Phillipines as per 2011 census?
5. According to Fig 1 countries belonging to which continent spent most hours on reading per person?
6. Study the data given in Fig 2 and find out highest and lowest literacy rate globally.
7. Fig 2 states-The gender gap in literacy remain in favour of men.’ Which data in Fig (2) explains or
supports this statement?
8. The reason for crediting Indian authors for India’s high rank among world’s book readers is-
a. The publishing business gained revenue.
b. Their popular books encouraged reading.
c. They have provided material for the social media
9. How would you explain the closing claim (last sentence) of the passage? – ‘Add to that, a thrust
provided by social media and e-books.’
10. Name one famous book mentioned in the passage and who is the writer.

ANSWERS:
1. c
2. 10.42 hours/person
3. iii
4. 95.4%
5. Asia
6. 95.77% & 65.47%
7. 2/3 of 781 million of illiterate adults are female
8. b
9. Any relevant answer
10. Arvind Adiga – The White Tiger

24
 PASSAGE -5

(1) Cricket is a passion for people around the globe. It is played everywhere from test match arenas to village
greens, tropical beaches, and dusty back lots. Cricket is the world’s second most popular spectator sport after
soccer.

(2) The origin of cricket can be traced back to the Dark Ages. All research concedes that the game is derived
from a very old, popular, and uncomplicated pastime by which one player served up an object, be it a small
piece of wood or a ball, and another hit it with a suitably fashioned club. The game of cricket was first recorded
in 16th-century England, and it was played in grammar schools, farming communities, and everywhere in
between. But things really took off when 18th-century nobles realized it was a great sport.

(3) The oldest surviving set of cricket laws dates to 1744, which was printed on a handkerchief. Naturally, it’s
now in the MCC Museum at Lord’s in London. The oldest permanent fixture is the annual Eton l/s Harrow
match, played since 1805. A young Lord Byron turned out for Harrow in the first match, though history doesn’t
record how poetic – or “mad, bad, and dangerous” – his bowling was.

(4) The first international match was held in 1877 when Australia beat England in Melbourne. The match was
dubbed a ‘Test’, since the grueling nature of playing over five days was deemed the ultimate test for any side.
However, it was Australia’s first win on the English soil – in 1882 at The Oval in London – that led to matches
between the two nations being christened as the ‘Ashes’. Following the defeat, newspapers published an
obituary mourning “the death of English cricket,” adding that “the body will be cremated and the ashes taken
to Australia.”

(5) A One Day International (ODI) is a form of limited overs cricket, played between two teams with
international status, in which each team faces a fixed number of overs, usually 50. The Cricket World Cup is
played in this format. The international one-day game is a late twentieth-century development. The first ODI
was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.

(6) Table 1 represents the list of Cricket world cup winning countries as well as the runners-up for every
Cricket World Cup played until 2015.

Year Winner Runner-Up

2015 Australia New Zealand
2011 India Sri Lanka
2007 Australia Sri Lanka
2003 Australia India
1999 Australia Pakistan
1996 Sri Lanka Australia
1992 Pakistan England
1987 Australia England
1983 India West Indies
1979 West Indies England
1975 West Indies Australia

(a) Pick the option listing statements that are NOT TRUE according to the passage.\

25
 (I) The game of cricket was first recorded in 18th-century England, and., it was played in grammar
schools, farming communities, and everywhere in between.
(II) The first international match was held in 1877 when Australia beat England in Melbourne.
(III) The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne
Cricket Ground.
(IV) The origin of cricket can be traced back to the Old Ages.

(a) (I) and (III)

(b) (I) and (IV)
(c) (II) and (IV)
(d) (III) and (IV) [1]
(b) Based on the data in Table 1, choose the option that correctly depicts the performance of Australia in
Cricket World Cup as winner and as runner-up.

(a) Option (I) (b) Option (II) (c) Option (III) (d) Option (IV) [1]
(c) Based on the data in the Table 1, choose the option listing the statements that are TRUE.

(I) England won the runners-up trophy thrice between 1975 and 2015 during Cricket World Cup.
(II) The Table 1 records all the countries who participated in the Cricket World Cup from the year
1975 to 2015.
(III) Australia was the winning country for five consecutive Cricket World Cups
(IV) The most recent Cricket World Cup was played in the year 2015.
(a) (1) and (II) (b) (II) and (III) (c) (III) and (IV) (d) (IV) and (I) [1]
(d) Does the following statement agree with the information given in passage.
Based on the information in Table 1, both the winning country as well as the runner-up country were Asian
countries in the year 2011.
True-if the statement agrees with the information.
False-if the statement contradicts with the information.
Not Given-If there is no information on this. [1]
(H) How did newspapers react to the defeat of England by Australia in Cricket World Cup in the year 1882?

(a) Mourned the death of England Cricket team

(b) Published the obituary
(c) Mourned the death of English Cricket
(d) Published the obituary of English [1]
26
(e) Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that lists the correct timeline of the events
in the history of Cricket.

(I) In 18th-century nobles realized that cricket was a great sport.

(II) The oldest surviving set of cricket laws dates to 1744, which was printed on a handkerchief.
(III) The game of cricket was first recorded in 16th-century in England.
(IV) Australia’s first win on the English soil – in 1882.
(V) The first international match was held in 1877 when Australia beat England in Melbourne.
(a) (III), (I), (V), (IV), (II) (b) (III), (I), (IV), (V), (II)
(c) (I), (III), (V), (IV), (II) (d) (III), (I), (II), (V), (IV) [1]

f) Why the game of cricket is called as ‘global Sports’?

g) What is importance of MCC museum?

h) Why the test series between England and Australia is termed as ‘Ashes’?

i) Why newspapers published an obituary mourning “the death of English cricket”?

j) Which format of cricket do you like? Why?

27
 Section ‘B’ Writing Skills: Notice: 50 words for Question No.3
NOTICE WRITING
A notice is a written or printed formal announcement. It is written in order to inform a large number of people
about something that has happened or is about to happen. It could be an upcoming event or competition. Notice
is written in third person as it is a formal piece of announcement to be delivered to the targeted audience.
Notices are factual and to-the-point.
Format:
A notice should contain all the necessary details such as:

1. Name of the issuing agency or Institution /school.

2. NOTICE (In bold letters)
3. Date of issue/release of the notice in left corner preferably
4. Title/Subject of the Event (what?)
5. BODY-Date/time/duration/Place/Venue (when and where?)
6. Authorized signatory: Name and signature (contact details)

Name of the issuing agency/authority

NOTICE
Date of issue/Release of the notice
Title/Subject of the Event
BODY
(Date/time/duration/Place/Venue)
Authorized signatory
(Name, Designation and signature)

Notice writing - breakup of marks for notice writing as per CBSE guidelines is as follows:

Format 01 mark
Content 02 marks

Expression 01 mark

Total 04 marks

Please follow the given tips while attempting a question based on Notice writing format:

▪ Do not cross the word limit to avoid penalty of marks. The prescribed word limit is 50 words.
▪ Repetition of any information should be avoided.
▪ Always enclose the notice in a box. Make sure you draw the box with a pencil.
▪ Keep your notice short, crisp and to-the-point.
▪ Highlight the word “NOTICE” and “TITLE”. It can be either bold or underlined.
▪ The title should be captivating and eye-catching.
▪ Don’t make hypothetical information and facts. Make use of what’s given in the question.
▪ Make sure you do not mention your personal information.
▪ Use all the available information in the question.
▪ Your answer shall include answers to all the 5 W’s – What, Why, When, Where and Who.
▪ The purpose for which it is being written should be stated clearly.
28
 1. You are Simar/Smriti, Head Boy/Girl of Lotus International School, Jodhpur. Your school has
decided to contribute in controlling traffic near your school and require the names of volunteers
from IX to XII. Write a notice to be displayed on the notice board. (50 words)

LOTUS INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, JODHPUR

NOTICE

VOLUNTEERS FOR TRAFFIC CONTROL

th
10 September, 2023

This is to inform the students from IX to XII that the school has decided to contribute in controlling traffic in
front of the school during from morning and dispersal time from 20th September to 30th September 2023. The
students selected will be required to perform duty with the traffic police personnel. Students who are
interested to accept the responsibility and may give their names to their respective class teachers latest by 15th
September, 2023.
For further details, contact the undersigned.

Smriti
Head Girl

2. Arts Club of your school is going to organize a drawing and painting competition. Write a notice
in not more than 50 words to be displayed on the school notice board, inviting students to participate
in it. Give all the necessary details. You are Rishabh/Ridhima, Secretary, Arts Club, Sunrise Public
School, Gurugram, Haryana.

SUNRISE PUBLIC SHOOL, GURUGRAM

NOTICE

DRAWING AND PAINTING COMPETITION

th
5 October, 2023

The Arts Club of the school is going to organise a Drawing and Painting Competition for the students of
classes VI to VIII, on 15th October, 20XX from 9:30 a.m. to 11.30 a.m. in the school’s Multi-Purpose Hall.
Interested students may submit their names to their respective class teachers latest by 12th October, 2023.
For further details, contact the undersigned.

Rishabh
Secretary, Arts Club

29
 3. Water supply will be suspended for eight hours (10 a.m. to 6 a.m.) on 6 th March for cleaning of
water tank. Write a notice in about 50 words, advising the residents to store water for a day. You
are Karan Kumar/Karuna Bajaj, Secretary, Janata Group Housing Society, Palalm Vihar, Kurnool.

JANATA GROUP HOUSING SOCIETY, KURNOOL

NOTICE

SUSPENSION OF WATER SUPPLY

th
4 March, 2023

This is to inform all the residents of the Housing Society that the water supply will be suspended for eight
hours (10 a.m. to 6 p.m.) on 6th of March for the annual cleaning of the water tanks. Accordingly, all are
requested to kindly store water to avoid any inconvenience. For any queries, contact the undersigned.

Karan Bajaj
Secretary

4. You are Asma/Ashish, the head girl/boy of XYZ international school. Your school is soon going
to publish the annual magazine next month. Write a notice for the notice board of your school
inviting students to submit write-ups.
XYZ INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
NOTICE

CALL FOR SUBMISSIONS

1st August 2023
This is to inform all the students that our school is going to publish its annual magazine next month. All
those who wish to contribute can mail their entries to [email protected]. Write-ups will be
accepted latest by 20th August, 2023. You can take any topic of your choice. For further information,
contact your respective class teachers.

Asma/Ashish
Head Girl/Head Boy

5. You are Ruhi/Rahul, head girl/boy of ABC convent school. Your school is going to organize an
inter- school singing competition. Write a notice for your school notice board inviting names of all
the interested students.
ABC CONVENT SCHOOL
NOTICE

INTER-SCHOOL SINGING COMPETITION

st
1 August 2023
30
 Our school is organising an Inter-school Singing Competition on 11th August, 2023; Friday at 12pm in
the school auditorium. More than 20 schools from all over the city will participate. Interested students
may contact the undersigned latest by 7th August, 2023.

Ruhi/Rahul
Head girl/boy

6. Water supply will be suspended for eight hours (10 am to 6 pm) on 6 th of March for cleaning of the
water tank. Write a notice in about 50 words advising the residents to store water for a day. You are
Karan Kumar/Karuna Bajaj, Secretary, Janata Group Housing Society, Palam Vihar, Kurnool.
Answer:

Janata Group Housing Society, Palam Vihar, Kurnool.

NOTICE
March 01, 2020
Suspension of Water Supply

This is to inform all the residents of the society that the Water supply will be suspended for eight hours (10
am to 6 pm) on 6th of March for cleaning of the water tank. It is also advised to store sufficient water for the
use during the Water Supply suspension period. For further details contact undersigned.

Karan Kumar/ Karuna Bajaj

Secretary

7. You are Rahul /Rashmi, the President of the Literary Club of St. Tomas Public School Lucknow. The
Literary Club has decided to organize an inter-school debate competition on the occasion of the Silver
Jubilee celebrations of the school. Write a notice in about 50 words, informing the students of your
school about the competition.
Answer:
ST. THOMAS PUBLIC SCHOOL LUCKNOW
NOTICE
Feb.10,2020
Inter-school Debate Competition
All the students are informed hereby that the Literary Club of the school is going to organize an inter-school
debate competition on: “Nuclear Armament is India’s best defence against cross-border terrorism” on
18 Feb,2020 to mark the occasion of the Silver Jubilee celebrations of the school from 11.00 AM in School
Auditorium. Those who wish to take part in it may get their registered to undersigned latest by 15 Feb
positively. For details contact undersigned.

Rahul /Rashmi
President of the Literary Club

31
 QUESTION NO.4: FORMAL / INFORMAL INVITATION AND REPLY

To invite someone for an occasion, we use the written form INVITATION.

Invitations can be written in Print/Card format and a letter format as well. They are of two types-
1. Formal
2. Informal

Marking scheme:
Format- -1M
Content- Name of the person(s) who is inviting; the invitee, date, day, chief guest, place, occasion etc. -2 M
Expression – (Grammatical accuracy, language and spellings)-1M

MAIN CHARACTERISTICS
➢ An invitation is complete information. It answers the questions: who, whom, when, where, what time
and for what. The important components of an invitation therefore are:-
➢ The occasion
➢ Name(s) of the invitee(s)
➢ Name(s) of the host(s)
➢ Date, time and venue
➢ Name(s) of the chief guest or special invitees , in case of an official invitation

FORMAT OF FORMAL INVITATIONS

In case of formal invitations, each of the following is written in a separate line with fonts of varying
sizes.
➢ Names of the hosts
➢ Names of the invitee (in case of a formal letter of invitation))
➢ Formal phrase of invitation , for example :-
➢ Request the pleasure of your benign presence/company.
➢ Seek your auspicious presence.
➢ Solicit your gracious presence on the auspicious occasion
➢ The date, time and venue of the event.
➢ The occasion/reason of the invitation.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FORMAL INVITATIONS
Meant for a lot of invitees
➢ These are written in the third person.
➢ In case a VIP is invited as the chief guest the name of the VIP must appear prominently.
➢ Name of the invitee is not to be included. The addressee’s address is to be written only on the
envelope.
➢ Simple Present Tense is to be used.
➢ The date of writing is not to be given.
➢ There is no signature of the host.
➢ The abbreviation RSVP (French : repondez s’il vous plait ) i.e. ‘please reply’ is written below on
the left with name(s) , address and phone number of the host(s).
➢ Put the invitation into a box.
➢ Do not exceed 50 words. Time yourself- 6-8 minutes.

32
 Sample Formal invitation (Printed/Card format)

Q 1- Your school is organising the Annual Sports Day next month at one of the prestigious stadiums
of your city. Draft an invitation in not more than 50 words giving all the necessary details.

The Principal, Staff and the Students

Of
ABC Vidyalaya Balaghat
cordially invite you to their
ANNUAL SPORTS DAY
at 9:00 am on 15 February 2020
at
The Mulna Stadium

Mr. Deepak Arya IAS

Collector, Dist- Balaghat
has kindly consented to be the chief guest
RSVP
Mr. Pankaj Kumar
Principal
07632XXXXX

Sample Formal invitation (Non Printed/Letter Format)

➢ Meant for an individual

➢ Include the name of the invitee
➢ These are to be written on run-on lines. The sentence is not broken into different words/phrases.
➢ Other details are similar to the mass-scale invitations

Q 2- Your school is organising the Annual sports Day next month at one of the prestigious stadiums of
your city. Draft an invitation in not more than 50 words requesting Mr. Deepak Arya, IAS Collector
Balaghat to preside over the function as the chief guest and to give away the prizes.

ABC Vidyalaya Balaghat

Post- Bharweli Dist- Balaghat

Feb 9 ,2019

Mr. Deepak Arya, IAS

Collector, Dist- Balaghat

Subject: Invitation to be the chief guest

Sir
We are pleased to inform you that ABC Vidyalaya Balaghat is going to celebrate its 25th annual sports
day on 15 February 2020 at 9:00 am at The Mulna stadium. We shall consider it a great honour and
favour if you could grace the occasion and preside over the function as the chief guest and give away
the prizes.

33
 We hope your honour will kindly accede to our request. We would appreciate a line in reply or a
telephone call on phone No 07632XXXXX.

Thank you

Yours Faithfully
Pankaj Kumar

Principal

Sample Formal Replies- Acceptance

Replies - Accepting or Declining

Formal - follow a set formula
- formal words — kind invitation’, ‘great pleasure’, ‘regret’ etc.
- Use the third person instead of the first person (‘I’, we’)
- The address of the writer and the date to be written.

Q3. Mr. Deepak Arya (I.A.S.), collector, Balaghat has been invited to preside over the Annual sports
Day of ABC Vidyalaya Balaghat to be held on 15 February 2020 at the Mulna Stadium. On behalf of
Mr. Deepak Arya, write a formal reply of acceptance to Mr. Pankaj Kumar, Principal, ABC Vidyalaya
Balaghat.

Collectorate
Dist- Balaghat

10 February 2020

Deepak Arya thanks Mr. Pankaj Kumar, Principal, ABC Vidyalaya Balaghat for his kind invitation to
preside over the Annual sports Day to be held on 15 February 2019 at 9:00 am at the Mulna Stadium.

He is delighted to accept the invitation and promises to be on time.

Sample Formal Replies- Declination
Q4. Mr. Deepak Arya (I.A.S.), collector, Balaghat has been invited to preside over the Annual sports
Day of ABC Vidyalaya Balaghat to be held on 15 February 2020 at the Mulna Stadium. On behalf of
Mr. Deepak Arya, write a formal reply to Mr. Pankaj Kumar, Principal, ABC Vidyalaya Balaghat
informing about his inability to accept the same due to a prior engagement.
Collectorate
Dist- Balaghat

10 February 2019

Deepak Arya thanks Mr. Pankaj Kumar, Principal, ABC Vidyalaya Balaghat for his kind invitation to
preside over the Annual Sports Day to be held on 15 February 2019 at 9:00 am at the Mulna Stadium.

But regrets his inability to accept the same due to a prior engagement.
34
 Sample Informal invitation (Non Printed/Letter format)
➢ Written in a letter form, in informal format. Such letters are very persuasive in nature.
➢ Written in the first person
➢ Salutation is ‘dear + name’
➢ Date of writing the invitation is given.
➢ The sender’s address appears on the left hand side.
➢ Various tenses used to suit the sense.
Q 5- You are Manoj/Manjula. Draft an invitation for your friend/friends for the party you are giving
to celebrate your selection in the B.Tech. course in Delhi University. Invent necessary details within 50
words.
G 213, Vayu Vihar
New Delhi

9 February 2020

Dear Mehul
You will be glad to know that my family has decided to celebrate my selection to the B.Tech. course at DU
with a party. So, I invite you to join in the celebrations at my residence on 20th February 2020 at 7:30 pm.

Please join the celebrations and merry–making.

Yours affectionately
Manoj

Sample Informal invitation (Printed/Card format)

(When the question says ‘draft a card’)

COME LET’S CELEBRATE….

MY SELECTION TO THE B.TECH. COURSE AT DU
WITH A PARTY…..
On: 20 Feb.2020
At : My residence ( G 213, Vayu Vihar, New Delhi)
Time: 7:30 pm onwards

Manoj

WEDDING INVITATION

Q6. You are S.K Verma. Draft an invitation to be sent on the occasion of your daughter, Remya’s
marriage. Invent the necessary details within 50 words.

35
 Mrs. & Mr. S.K. Verma request the pleasure
Of your benign presence on the occasion of the marriage of their daughter
Remya
With
Rakesh
(S/o Mr. & Mrs. D.K. Singh, Mandla)
On 20 February 2020 at 10 a.m.
Venue: Hotel Anand, Kalam Road, Seoni

RSVP With best compliments from

Mr. S.K. Verma friends & relatives of
9898XXXXXX Verma Family

Sample Informal Replies- Acceptance

Replies - Accepting and declining

Informal - Like an ordinary letter
- do not use any formal expressions but use informal words and expressions
- use the first person (‘I’, ‘We’)

Q7. You are Mehul/Meena. You have been invited to attend the celebration of selection of your friend
in B.Tech. course in Delhi University. Respond to the invitation informally accepting it.

C22/5 BSNL Colony

New Delhi

12 February 2020

Dear Manoj
Thank you for your kind invitation. It is really a matter of great pleasure for me to join the celebration of
your selection in B.Tech. course in Delhi University. Indeed I am excited to be a part of it and I’ll
definitely be there on time.

See you soon.

Yours affectionately
Mehul

Sample Informal Replies- Declination

Q8. You are Mehul/Meena. You have been invited to attend the celebration of selection of your friend
in B.Tech. course in Delhi University. Respond to the invitation informally declining it.

C22/5 BSNL Colony

New Delhi

12 February 2020

36
 Dear Manoj
Thank you for your kind invitation and hearty congratulations on your grand success. I am sorry to
say, however , that I shall not be able to come to the party as I shall be out of station that week.

I wish you all the best for your bright future.

Yours affectionately
Meena

Question 1
You are a CCA Incharge of Kendriya Vidyalaya CRPF Mudkhed. The school is holding its annual function
on Saturday, 5th August, 2023. Brig. G S Reddy, SM, DIGP, CRPF Mudkhed has consented to be the chief
guest. Design an invitation card to be sent to the parents and other invitees. Do not exceed 50 words.

Question 2
Suppose you are Mr. Ramakant Shakya, Principal of Kendriya Vidyalaya CRPF Mudkhed. Write a formal
invitation letter to Brig. G.S. Reddy, DIGP, CRPF, Mudkhed to invite him as the Chief Guest for the Annual
Day Function of your school.

The Principal
Kendriya Vidyalaya
CRPF
Mudkhed

37
02 August 2023

Brig. G. S. Reddy
SM, DIGP
CRPF, CTC
Mudkhed

Subject: Formal Invitation to be the Chief Guest for the Graduation Ceremony

Respected Sir

It gives us immense pleasure to invite you to be the Chief Guest for the Annual Day Function that is to
be held at 5.00 pm on 5th August 2023 at Kendriya Vidyalaya CRPF Mudkhed. It would be a great
honour to the students if you could give away the prizes to the students.

The undersigned genuinely hopes that you would accept this invitation. It would be highly appreciated
if you could reply to us by the 3rd of August, 2023, so that we can make the necessary arrangements for
your travel and accommodation.

Looking forward to hearing from you.

Thank you

Yours sincerely

RAMAKANT SHAKYA
Principal

Model Invitation – 1

The Principal, Staff and Students of

Lady Shriram College, New Delhi
solicit your benign presence
for the inaugural ceremony of

THE ANNUAL LITERARY FEST

TULIKA – 2023

On 14 August 2023 at 10 a.m.

In the College Auditorium

Mrs. Arundhati Roy, the eminent writer

has kindly consented to grace the occasion as chief guest

RSVP
The Principal
Lady Shriram College New Delhi-02
Mob: 9879xxxxxx
Email ID: [email protected]

38
 Model Invitation – 2

Mrs. & Mr. M. K. Mehta

solicit your gracious presence
on the auspicious occasion of
the marriage reception of their daughter

NAYANIKA
with
MANEESH
(S/o Mr. & Mrs. S. C. Ahuja, Karol Bagh, New Delhi)

On FRIDAY, 11 AUGUST 2023

At 7pm – 10 pm

Venue: Sai Vihar Convention Centre, New Rohtak Road, New Delhi

RSVP With best compliments

Mr. M. K. Mehta Nikhil, Nitya and Devansh
3C/21,Windsor Heights
New Rohtak Road
New Delhi-05
Mob: 8847xxxxxx
Reply to Card Type Invitations

Suggested Value Points:

• Written in the third person and in the simple present tense

• Date of reply is to be written on the top left corner
• Name of the sender, the host, the event, date, time and venue to be clearly mentioned
• Acceptance or refusal should be mentioned clearly
• Reply to be enclosed in a box

Model Reply in Acceptance (Card Type)

03 August 2023

Mrs. and Mr. A. K. Aggarwal thank the students, staff and management of Lady
Shriram College for invitation to the Annual Literary Fest TULIKA 2023 on 14
August 2023 at 10 am in the college auditorium.

They are happy to accept the invitation and extend their felicitation

Model Reply in Refusal (Card Type)

03 August 2023

Mrs. and Mr. A. K. Aggarwal thank the students, staff and management of Lady
Shriram College for invitation to the Annual Literary Fest TULIKA 2023 on
14 August 2023 at 10 am in the college auditorium.

They extend their felicitations. However, they regret their inability to attend the
event due to a prior commitment.
39
 Model Invitation (Letter type)– 1

Rotary Public School

Andheri West
Mumbai-400068
03 August 2023

Mansi Arora
14, Runwal Forests
Kanjurmarg West
Mumbai – 400078

Subject: Invitation to engage session in literary workshop-reg.

Dear Madam

We are pleased to inform you that Rotary Public School is organizing a one-day literary workshop for
budding writers on 25 September 2023 from 10 am to 5 pm in the school auditorium. It would be a matter
of great pride for us if you could engage a session on poetry and inspire the young minds. A tentative
schedule of the programme is attached for your perusal. Kindly confirm your availability by 15 August
2023.

Thank you

Yours sincerely

Priya George
Principal

Model Invitation (Letter type) – 2

St. Joseph’s College

Thiruvananthapuram
Kerala-695002

03 August 2023

Anuradha Pai
Sarovaram
Nanthencode
Thiruvananthapuram– 695004

Subject: Invitation as moderator for Inter Collegiate debate competition –reg.

Dear Madam

St. Joseph’s College is organizing an Inter Collegiate debate competition in English on the topic “Digital Turn
in the Classroom-Boon or Bane?” in connection with the celebration of the 3rd anniversary of NEP-2020.
40
Teams from five reputed colleges in and around the city are participating in the event which is scheduled on
20 August 2023 at 10 am in the college
auditorium. It would be a great honour for us if you could kindly consent to be the moderator of the debate.
We request you to confirm your availability by 10 August 2023.

Thank you

Yours sincerely

M K Kurien
Principal

Formal Reply in Letter type – Acceptance

• Written in the format of a formal letter

• Expression of gratitude for the invite (Could include an appreciation of the initiative)
• Acceptance of the invite
• Confirmation about relevant details such as time, date etc.

Model Letter of Acceptance

Mansi Arora
14, Runwal Forests
Kanjurmarg West
Mumbai – 400078

12 August 2023

Priya George
Principal
Rotary Public School
Andheri West
Mumbai-400068

Subject: Reply to invitation to engage session in literary workshop-reg.

Dear Madam

Thank you for your gracious invitation. Your efforts in promoting literary skills in students
are commendable. It would be an honour to engage in a creative interaction on poetry with
the budding minds. I accept the invitation and hereby confirm my availability for the literary
workshop on 25 September 2023 at 10 am.

Thank you
41
Yours sincerely
Mansi Arora
 Formal Reply in Letter type – Refusal

• Written in the format of a formal letter

• Expression of gratitude for the invite (Could include an appreciation of the initiative)
• Statement of refusal of invitation (Could include the reason)
• Conveying best wishes for the event.
•
Model Letter of Refusal

Anuradha Pai
Sarovaram
Nanthencode
Thiruvananthapuram-695004
18 August 2023

M K Kurien
Principal
St. Joseph’s College
Thiruvananthapuram
Kerala-695002

Subject: Reply to invitation as moderator for Inter Collegiate debate competition-reg.

Dear Sir

Thank you for your gracious invitation to attend the Inter Collegiate debate competition as moderator. The
topic is interesting and I would have loved to listen to the young minds’ opinions on the same. However,
I regret to say that I will be unable to accept the invitation on 20 August 2023 due to a prior engagement.
Best wishes for the programme.

Thank You
Yours sincerely
Anuradha Pai

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE

1.Your school is organizing the prestigious KVS National Level Social Science Exhibition in its premises.
Draft an invitation in not more than 50 words giving all essential details.
2.You are Rahul, son of Ram Singh, Ambedkar Colony, Chhindwara. Your father wants you to draft a formal
invitation to be sent on the occasion of your sister, Meera’s marriage. Prepare the invitation.
3.You are Somi. You have been invited by Rotary Club to act as one of the judges for a state level debate
competition. But due to a previous engagement you cannot accept this invitation. Write a formal reply to the
President of the Club regretting your inability to accept the invitation.

42
 Writing Skills: Letter to Editor / Application for Job (120-150 Words): 05 Marks

For Question No. 5

IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER:

• A formal letter is written in formal language. Try to avoid starting with 'I'. Keep sentences short and to
the point. Do not use contractions. Use of third person pronouns, like- He, She, It, They, His, Her, Him,
Them etc. should be preferred.

• Arrange the paragraphs in a sequential order. An ideal formal letter may be written in two or three
paragraphs.

• Stick to the WORD LIMIT OF 120- 150 WORDS

MARKING SCHEME OF LETTER WRITING:

Format 1
1. Sender’s Address,
2. Date,
3. Receiver’s address,
4. Subject
5. Salutation
6.Content
7. Signatory Close

Content
( Introduction, Body, Conclusion) 2
Relevant ideas to be presented in a coherent way.
Use connectors appropriately,
Divide into 2/3 paragraphs

Expression :
Grammatical accuracy, Fluency of language, 2
appropriate words and spellings
Coherence and relevance of ideas and style

43
 • 1. LETTER TO THE EDITOR

• Sender’s Address

• Date

• The Editor
Name of the newspaper
Place of Publication/ City

• Subject -

• Sir

• Content –
Begin with reference to the recent development/event/issue.
Give details of the topic bringing out cause-effect relationship.
Offer suggestions/solutions.
Do not ask the editor to solve the problem as he can only voice your views and ideas.

• Paragraph 1 – Raise the issue/ problem/ Its effects

• Paragraph 2 – Suggestions for solution of the problem.
Begin with…..
Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I wish to draw the attention of the
readers/authorities.
It’s the time the authorities took notice of the problem…../ The authorities are requested to look
into the matter……
Close with…..
I hope the problem will not be ignored and necessary action will be taken to overcome it.

• Thank you

• Yours faithfully/ truly

Signature
(Name)
Designation

44
Q1. Write a letter to the Editor of The National Herald, New Delhi about water scarcity in your
locality suggesting ways to improve the position of water supply. You are Ramnath/ Reema of
kavinagar, Ghaziabad.

A-24, Kavi Nagar

Ghaziabad

May 07, 20XX

The Editor
The National Herald
New Delhi-110001

Sub: Water crisis in Kavi Nagar

Sir

Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I wish to draw the attention of the concerned
authorities towards the problem of water scarcity in our locality. It is still early summer and the
residents are already facing acute water shortage in the area. The supply is cut off at 8.30 a.m. in the
morning and is restored only for half an hour in the evening between 6 p.m. to 7 p.m. Since the
timings are erratic, many people, especially, the working couples are unable to store water. Frequent
complaints to the Jal Board haven’t yielded any result. Water Treatment Plant is under repair and
has been shut down for a month or so thereby affecting the water supply in the area.

It’s the time the concerned authorities looked into the matter and took immediate action.
There should be a fixed schedule of water supply with prior intimation to the residents.
Some alternative arrangements like the water supply through tankers may be a good
solution. Rainwater harvesting and recycled wastewater management may allow reduce
scarcity and ease pressures on groundwater and other natural water bodies.

I hope the problem will not be ignored and necessary action will be taken to overcome the
problem of water scarcity.

Thank you

Yours faithfully

Ramnath

45
 Q.2-You are Hemant /Himakshi of 22, Lajpat Nagar New Delhi. Write a letter to the Editor of The
Times of India, New Delhi expressing your anguish over the problems faced by people due to
illicit liquor and the deadly chemicals like anthrax.

22, Lajpat Nagar

New Delhi-110058

5th May, 20XX

The Editor
The Times of India
New Delhi-110002

Sub: Terror caused by illicit liquor and anthrax

Sir
Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I wish to draw the attention of the concerned
authorities towards the problem of terror caused by illicit liquor and anthrax. The recent deaths due
to the consumption of illicit liquor and the fear generated in the minds of people on account of
anthrax are a matter of great concern.
We often hear or read about people dying due to the consumption of illicit liquor, but never come
to know about the follow up action or the punishment given to the guilty. What a tragedy! Families
get ruined, children orphaned but the illegal trade continues unabated. Why is our government so
apathetic towards this social curse or maybe, keeps the eyes closed deliberately because the
custodians of law have their palms greased through these means only.
It’s the time the concerned authorities looked into the matter and took immediate action.
We must try to educate not only the children but adults also. Responsibility can also be given to
the Gram Panchayats and the best village or Panchayat should be awarded if they are able to
eradicate this menace from their villages. If the guilt is proved on anybody, the person(s) must be
given exemplary punishment to eliminate this heinous crime completely. I am sure that the
contents shared here express the views of many. I hope the problem will not be ignored and
necessary action will be taken to overcome the terror caused by illicit liquor and anthrax

Thank you
Yours truly
Hemant

Q.3- You are Aman/Aditi of 52, Bharat Nagar, Lucknow. The road leading to your school is very congested
and full of potholes. Students and parents are often caught in a traffic jam. In spite of several
representations, the government has not done anything to improve the condition of the road. Write a letter to

46
the Editor of The Times of India, drawing the attention of the government to this problem.

Ans:
52, Bharat Nagar
Lucknow

23 August, 20XX

The Editor
The Times of India
B.R. Marg
Lucknow

Sub: Traffic congestion in Bharat Nagar

Sir

Through the columns of your newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities to the
appalling condition of road leading to XYZ School in Bharat Nagar. The entire stretch is narrow, congested
and covered with numerous pot holes. This often causes a traffic jam and inconvenience to students and staff
of the school. A lot of time is wasted both in the morning and afternoon when the school buses have to leave.
Several complaints have been filed to the local authorities but they seem to have fallen on deaf ears. The
situation worsens during the monsoon. It can also become dangerous threat to pedestrians.

It’s the time the authorities took notice of the problem. A proper regulation of the traffic is urgently needed.
An immediate repair of the road will be highly appreciated. The improvement in the condition of the road
will ease traffic congestion and ensure the safety of the citizens. I am sure that the contents shared here
express the views of many. On behalf of the school students, I request the authorities to take immediate
action to rectify this condition.

Thank you

Yours faithfully

Aman

Q4. Write a letter to the Editor of The Sunday Times newspaper, highlighting the craze of watching short
videos among the children and youth and its effect. You are Akshay /Akshara from 4C Block, Katraj, Pune.
4C Block,
Katraj, Pune

3 August, 2023

The Editor
The Sunday Times
Pune
47
 Sub : The effects of watching short videos .

Sir
Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper I would like to highlight the problems caused due to
regular and continuous viewing of Short Videos uploaded or available on Social media like Facebook,
Instagram and Youtube etc.

Now a days there are number of short videos available on the Social media. There is a craze of watching
these videos especially among the students. Superficially it appears as if the videos are short and may not
take much time but scrolling through these videos it actually takes the viewer in the state of oblivion. This
of course weakens the eyesight and also hampers the sleep patterns of the individual. This also leads to
obesity. Watching the videos not only harm the physical health of the individual but it also effects the
mental health of the person. The students are not able to focus and concentrate. The viewers are found to
be analyzing their lives and comparing with those displayed in the videos. This lead to frustration and
depression. The children also feel that its easy to create such videos and quickly earn a lot of money and
then the vicious circle of creating the videos, waiting for the likes, comments and subscription. If expected
number of followers is not there it makes them unhappy, sad and brings in the feeling of failure.

Therefore the parents should limit the screen time of the children. They should also keep an eye on the
content they are watching. The children should constantly be made aware of the effects of watching such
videos.

Yours sincerely
Akshara

Q5. While scrolling through the internet you come across a debatable topic ‘is Social Media Making the
People Unsocial ? ‘ You decide to write a letter to the Editor of a national daily to share your views on the
topic. Draft the letter and sign yourself as Tanmay/ Tammana Thakur of 26 MG Road, Saidarshan Society ,
Pimpri Pune.

Saidarshan Society,
Pimpri, Pune

3 Aug 2023

The Editor
The Indian Express
Pune

Sub: Unsocialization by Social Media.

Sir

Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper I would like to share my views on the above mentioned
topic that is the role played by social media in unsocialization of individuals.

With the development and advancement in technology, the social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter,
Instgram etc. are accessible to everyone. These platforms provide us with the opportunity to connect with
the people from faraway places, to share information content, to discuss any social, political or general
issue. The media helps us to be updated with the new things.
48
 Good things also come with bad things. The continuous use of Social Media is taking us away from our
family, neighbours, friends and colleagues. We want to keep ourselves updated but in that process we have
started to take our near ones for granted . We have started judging the people on the basis of the content
displayed on such platforms. We tend to believe the strangers and doubt the near ones. The wrong
information has made us feel so insecure. We always live in a threat as if something disastrous is going to
happen. People hate each other; judge each other and pass offending comments. This has taken us away
from the people who are significant to us. Apart from this, cyber bullying, cheating etc have become so
common now a days. All these have the impact on the physical and the mental health of the people.
Infomania is very common now a days. Even if the people are sitting with each other they would
continuously look for the notifications thinking that they may miss out something very important, and
doing so they miss out the conversation with each other. People should refrain themselves from using
social media throughout the day and instead should spend time in actual and real conversation with those
who are around. They should plan get togethers or vacations to cherish the memories, and not for the
status on social media.

Thank you

Yours truly

Tammana Thakur

Q6. You are Rajani/Rajan, a resident of Seminary Hills, Nagpur. There has been much news coming of people
falling prey to the fraudulent messages/links and losing their hard earned money to the fraudster. Write a letter
to the editor of a national daily in 120 – 150 words for spreading awareness amongst the people of such online
scams and suggesting measures to be vigilant and also of the steps to be taken to prevent being victims of such
online frauds.
ANSWER:

7/12, Lake View Apartment

Seminary Hills, Nagpur
08 August 2023
The Editor
The Essential News
New Delhi
Subject: Online fraud and preventive measures.
Respected Sir

I, the undersigned, would like the highlight the issue of online fraud and preventive measures against it
rhrough the widely read columns of your esteemed newspaper.

Now-a-days many messages and links looking authentic are being received in the inbox of the cell phones,
e-mails and on other social media platforms asking people to click on it stating some kind of emergency.
Clicking on such links results in emptying the bank account or data from their device being hacked for
ransom.

49
 There is high need of being cautions while using gadgets and on social media. The rules to be followed
are:
a) Do not click on any messages or links in it coming from any unknown numbers/emails.
b) Do not be greedy or fall prey to any threats or emotional blackmailing.
c) Report any such incident immediately to the cyber cell.
d) Always secure your devices with adequate security measures.
Thus, if we are disciplined and cautious enough, no cheater would ever be able to take a single rupee from
us.

Thank you.

Yours faithfully

Rajan

Q7. Reading activities have been less practiced amongst the students and adults equally as all are fascinated
by mobile and other electronic gadgets. This has also resulted in poor vocabulary and lack of literary skills in
the new generation. Write a letter to the editor of a national daily in 120-150 words stating the present scenario
and the benefits of reading to the people. You are Amrita/Amar, librarian of Cosmos International School,
Pune. 5

ANSWER:

Cosmos International School

Pune

8 August 2023

The Editor
The Times of India
Pune

Subject: Reading skills – a must for survival.

Respected Sir
Through the columns of your esteemed daily, I the undersigned would like to propound my views on
reading and its benefits.

With the widespread use of various electronic gadgets and people getting addicted to it, reading has very
quickly becoming matter of the past. But the present generation must be taught the immense benefits of
reading by the elders. Enormous knowledge stored in the books is a treasure to be explored. Reading is
a good exercise for the brain, helps in vocabulary expansion, improves concentration, entertains, increases
general knowledge, reduces stress and strengthens writing ability.

50
Reading comes with a lot of benefits and that too without much damage to the eyes compared to the
gadgets. Hence, all must read something or other on daily basis.

Thank you.

Yours faithfully

Amrita
Librarian

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE:

1. You have noticed many stray animals on the road during the busy hours of the day. These animals
have caused traffic jam as well as accidents. You have already written to the concerned authorities but
no action has been taken so far. So write a letter to the Editor of a leading newspaper telling him about
the nuisance created by the stray animals. Sign your name as Preeti / Krishnan, C/5, Gandhi Ward,
Guwahati.

VALUE POINTS:
a. Stray animals wander here and there on the busy market roads.
b. Animals cross the roads in a long unending array, thus causing traffic jams as well as
accidents.
c. Create a health hazard too by urinating everywhere.
d. The authorities to depute officials to catch these stray animals and send them to the police
pen.
e. Unclaimed animals might be auctioned.

2. You are Ramesh Sharma, a social worker of 13, Goutam Nagar, Jaipur. You feel upset as some of
the good schools are admitting as many as 60-70 students in a section of class just to mint money.
This is adversely affecting academic standards. Write a letter to the Editor of a national daily
highlighting this corrupt practice.

VALUE POINTS:
a. Schools conduct so many tests and charge a hefty amount as various funds.
b. Overcrowded classrooms with 60 to 70 students.
c. The overcrowding of classrooms adversely affects the academic standards.
d. Very difficult for any teacher, howsoever resourceful, to build any rapport or conduct
interactive sessions in such large classes.
e. Commercialization of the education must be prevented.
TEST YOUR SKILLS:

1. Write a letter to the Editor of The Times of India, complaining about the noise pollution in your
locality drawing the attention of the government to take steps to check the same. Sign as
Gaurav/Gauri, Janata Nagar, Ahmedabad.
51
 2. You are Amrit/Amritha of Bangalore. You are disturbed at the non-availability of essential
commodities in the Fair Price Shops of your area. Write a letter to the Editor of The Hindu drawing
the attention of the authorities to the irregularities in the Fair Price Shops. (Word limit: not more
than 150 words).

APPLICATION FOR JOB

THE LETTER HAS TWO PARTS

⮚ PART A-COVER LETTER- FORMAL LETTER

o Sender’s Address, date, Receiver’s Address, Subject and Salutation /Salutation and Subject,
Complimentary close, Name
⮚ PART B- RESUME/BIO-DATA/CURRICULUM VITAE(CV) WRITTEN SEPARATELY WITH
DIFFERENT MANDATORY POINTS

ABOVE TWO PARTS ARE MARKED IN FORMAT

⮚ NOTE
o NO MARKS ARE AWARDED IF ONLY FORMAT OR ONLY BIO-DATA IS GIVEN IS
GIVEN
o NO MARKS TO BE DEDUCTED IF THE RESUME /CV/BIO-DATA IS INCLUDED IN
THE COVER LETTER.

WHAT IS A COVER LETTER?

⮚ A COMPLEMENT TO YOUR RESUME
⮚ Cover letters are a narrative complement to your resume.
⮚ A brief one-page document that helps expand on the experiences you showcased in your resume.
⮚ Highlights your motivations in applying for the position and why you want to work with this specific
organization.
⮚ Showcases your personality and values.

VALUE POINTS FOR COVER LETTER

⮚ REFERENCE TO THE ADVERTISEMENT OR SOURCE
⮚ SUITABILITY FOR THE POST
⮚ OFFER CANDIDATURE

EXAMPLE:
You may begin with
With reference to the advertisement published in the (name of the newspaper), dated (date), I wish to /would
like to apply for the post of (name of the post)in your organization.

WHAT NEXT
⮚ REASON FOR APPLYING
⮚ SHARE YOUR COMPETENCE LEVEL
⮚ KEY WORDS THAT CAN BE USED (Young, dynamic, good communication skill, suitability etc)
⮚ Stating the suitability conclude
‘My Biodata is enclosed herewith for your perusal/sympathetic consideration.’
⮚ ADD- ENCL:/ ENCLOSURE: Biodata/CV/Resume
52
PART B – Resume/Bio Data/ Curriculum Vitae
⮚ Personal Profile
⮚ Qualification
⮚ Experience
⮚ Skills
⮚ References (at least two)

Resume/ Biodata/ Curriculum Vitae must include.

1. Full Name :
2. Father’s Name :
3. Mother’s Name :
4. Date of Birth :
5. Address :
6. Contact No :
7. E-Mail ID :
8. Educational Qualification :
9. Professional Qualification :
10. Work Experience :
11. Extra-Curricular Activities :
12. Hobbies :
13. Languages Known :
14. References : 1.__________________;
Phone No.__________

2.__________________;

Phone No.__________

Place ________ Signature___________

Date_________ Name______________

Layout Example

• Sender’s Address
•
• Date
•

53
 • Receiver’s Address
•
• Subject – Application for the post of………..

•
Sir
•
Content –
1. Begin with reference to the advt./ Source of information with date.
2. Apply for the post specifying your suitability for the post.
3. Mention your qualification, achievements, and previous experience related to the post.
4. Give details about Photograph (passport-sized), Bio-data or curriculum vitae and other detailed
documents that you have enclosed. You can also appeal for a one-on-one interview.
Begin with…..
• With reference to the subject mentioned above this is to bring to your kind notice that…..
• This refers to your advt…dated…. for the post of…….
Other Suggestions:
• For your kind information I have completed my……..
• I wish to offer myself as a suitable candidate for the post……
• I assure you that I shall work with utmost sincerity and dedication up to your satisfaction.
• I am enclosing a copy of my bio-data for your perusal and kind consideration.
Close with…..
Looking forward for a favourable response……..
Thank you

• Yours faithfully
Signature
(Name)

Q.1 You have read an advertisement in ‘The Times of India’ for the post of Chartered Accountant in Happy
Times Industry, Kanpur. You believe you possess the requisite qualifications and experience and would prove
to be an asset for the company. Apply for the post giving your complete bio-data stressing your suitability.
You are Amar Singh of 2, Kailash Puri, Delhi. (120-150 words)

Ans.

2, Kailash Puri Delhi

14 March, 20xx

The Area Manager,

Happy Times Industry,
Kanpur

Sub: Application for the Post of Chartered Accountant

Dear Sir,

54
 This is with reference to your advertisement published in ‘The Times of India’, dated 13 March, 20xx
for the post of a Chartered Accountant. I want to present myself as one of the candidates for the above said
post.
My academic qualification, work experience and dynamic personality make me a suitable candidate
for the same. So, I would like to switch over to your prestigious company for better career prospects. With
gifted creative and innovative skills, I’ll discharge my duties to the entire satisfaction of the concerned
authorities.
My resume is attached herewith for your kind perusal.

Thanking you.

Yours sincerely

Amar Singh

RESUME

Name : Amar Singh

Father’s Name : Mr. S.K. Singh
Date of birth : 30 Nov, 1991
Contact No. : 9412xxxxxx
Address : 2, Kailash Puri, Delhi
Nationality : Indian
Marital Status : Single
Qualifications : XII from CBSE in 2009 with 94% marks
B.Com (Hons)From SRCC in 2020 with 82% marks in Advanced
Accountancy and 80% marks in Auditing (opted as special subjects)
Qualified Chartered Accountant course in 2016
Experience : Working as a Chartered Accountant Consultant since 2017 in Ogas
Finance, Noida
Hobbies : Listening Music and Reading
Proficiency in other fields : Computers (Basics and Languages)
References : 1) Mr. M.L. Rawat
Vice President, J.K Industries New Delhi
2) Dr. S. G. Sinha
MD, Cardiology
12 Patel Nagar, Delhi

Date: _________ Signature ________________

Place: _________ Name________________

Q.2 You have read an advertisement in the newspaper for the post of a Software Engineer in Sonata Software.
You believe that you have the requisite qualifications, experience and you are innovative. Write an application
in about 150 words for this post emphasizing your strong points. Also write your resume. You are
Sameer/Sameera Gupta of 14, Mall Road, Chandigarh.
Ans.
14, Mall Road
Chandigarh

55
14 March 20xx
The Director
Sonata Software
Pune

Sub: Application for the post of Software Engineer

Dear Sir
With reference to the advertisement in ‘The Times of India’, dated 12 March, 20xx for the post of
Software Engineer, I hereby offer my candidature for the same. I believe that my skills and qualifications
match your requirements. I have worked as a software engineer at HCL Technologies for 2 years. My area of
specialty is User Interface and coding. I have been appreciated for my efficiency by my previous employers.
If given the opportunity, I am sure I will be able to prove my capabilities to you as well.
The enclosed C.V. lists my qualifications and details of my experience. I am looking for a challenging and
responsible position where I can show my result–oriented skills.
I shall be pleased to present myself for the interview as and when required.

Thanking you.

Yours sincerely
Sameer Gupta

Curriculum Vitae
Name : Sameer Gupta
Father’s Name : Mr. Rajesh Gupta
Date of Birth : 18 March, 19xx
Permanent Residential Address : 14, Mall Road Chandigarh
Telephone No. : 99876xxxxx
Age : 26 Years
Marital Status : Unmarried
Sex : Male
Academic Qualifications : 1. B. Tech. Ajay Kumar Garg Institute,Ghaziabad.
2. M. Tech. Ajay Kumar Garg Institute, Ghaziabad.
Experience : Worked with HCL Technologies from 20xx to 20xx
Hobbies : Reading, Music, Travelling
Salary Expected : 8 lakhs per annum/ Negotiable
References : 1. Mr. M.K. Khanna, Retd. Professor,
Chandigarh University.

2. Mr. Sunil Mohan,

D.G.M. Grindlays Bank,
Chandigarh.
Date: _________ Signature ________
Place: _________ Name ___________

Q3. You are Sudha/Sudhir Sharma living at 32 Dilshad Garden, Lucknow. You read an advertisement for
the post of a receptionist in the Radisson Hotel, Amritsar. Write a letter in 120 to 150 words to the managing
director applying for the same attach a biodata also.

56
 32 Dilshad Garden

Lucknow

4th August 2023

The Managing director

The Radisson hotel

Amritsar

Subject: Application for the post of receptionist

Sir

With reference to the advertisement published in the Times of India dated 27th July 2023 for the post of a
receptionist In your esteemed hotel I would like to offer hey my candidature for the same

I’m a dynamic young lady off pleasant manners and good communication skills I have a reasonable
command on Hindi English and Punjabi and French. I’ve 5 years of experience in hotel industry.

I'm sure I shall prove to be an asset audio prestigious Hotel. Please find enclosed herewith my biodata for
your perusal and kind consideration.

Thank You

Yours sincerely

Sudha Sharma

Enclosure: Bio-data

BIO – Data

1. Full Name : Sudha Sharma

2. Father’s Name : Mr. Suresh Kumar
3. Mother’s Name : Mrs. Pramila Sharma
4. Date Of Birth : 29th May 1993
5. Address : 32, Dilshad Garden, Lucknow
6. Contact No : 9812345345
7. E- Mail ID : [email protected]
8. Educational Qualification : Passed AISSE In 2009 with 81%
57
 Passed AISSCE in 2011 with 85%
B.A from Lucknow university with 75%
9. Professional Qualification : Diploma in front desk
10. Work Experience : Presently working at Oberoi Hotel, Lucknow
since 2017
11. Hobbies : Reading, Trekking
12. Languages known : Hindi, English ,French
13. Salary Expected : Negotiable
14. References (1) Mr. Ashutosh (General Manager)
Ph no-9813456232
(2) Mr. Subhash Singh Principal. Govt. College of Arts
Ph no - 8787675645
DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the above-mentioned information is true to the best of my knowledge.

Place Signature

Date Name

Q4. You are Sagar /Sagarika of 29 orchid lane Pune, Recently you have read the following advertisement.
Write an application for job giving your complete Bio- Data separately.

PRINCE PIPES CO. LTD PUNEREQUIRE A SALES EXECUTIVE FOR PUNE

BRANCH. QUALIFICATION: DIPLOMA OR DEGREE IN MARKETING
MANAGEMENTWITH 5-10 YEARS EXPERIENCE.

MUST HAVE GOOD COMMUNICATION SKILL. APPLY IMMEDIATELY

WITH COMPLETE BIO-DATA TO THE MANAGE PRINCE PIPES CO. LTD

ANS:

29,orchid lane

Pune

4th August 2023

58
The manager

Prince pipes co. Ltd

Pune

Subject: application for the post of sales exective

Sir

This is with reference to your advertisement in the times of india dated 31 st july 2023, i wish to offer my
candidature for the post of sales executive.
I’ve a long experience of 10 years in the field of sales and marketing. My technical experience and education
makes me more suitable for the job.
I had always wished to work in your reputed company .if given a chance , i will prove to be an asset for the
company.im available for interview at your convenience.
I’m enclosing herewith my resume for your perusal and kind consideration.
Thank you

Yours sincerely

Sagar

Enclosure; RESUME

BIO – Data

1. Full Name : Sagar Shinde

2. Father’s Name : Mr. Sudhakar Shinde
3. Mother’s Name : Mrs. Sonali Shinde
4. Date Of Birth : 6th March 1990
5. Address : 29, Orchid Lane Pune
6. Contact No : 8123453459
7. E- Mail ID : [email protected]

Educational Qualification &Professional Qualification :

Name of exam Year of passing Board /university percentage

12TH 2007 STATE 82%

B.COM 2010 PUNE 78%

UNIVERSITY

M.COM 2012 MUMBAI 85%

UNIVERSITY

DIPLOMA IN 2013 SYMBIOSIS 75%

MARKETING COLLEGE

59
 Work Experience : Presently working at ACC Ltd
8. Hobbies : Traveling, Socializing
9. Languages known : Hindi English, Marathi
10. Salary Expected : Negotiable
11. References (1) Mr. Joseph David, Head sales and marketing
Ambuja Cement
Ph no-9813456232
(2) Mrs Asha kulgaonkar, General Manager
Prince Pipes
Ph no - 8787675645

DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the above-mentioned information is true to the best of my knowledge.

Place Signature
Date Name

Q5.- Bal Vidya Public School, Bhilai, urgently requires a post-graduate teacher to teach political science for
which they have placed an advertisement in The Bhilai Express. You are Sanjay/Sanjana Sharma from 21,
Vasant Marg, Bhilai. Draft an Application for job including a CV, for the advertised post.(125 – 150 words)

21, Vasant Marg

Bhilai

12 May, 20XX
The Principal
Bal Vidya Public School
Bhilai
Subject- Application for the post of a Post-Graduate Teacher (Pol. Science).
Sir/Madam

In response to your advertisement in The Bhilai Express, dated February 25, 20XX for the post of PGT
(Political Science) in your renowned school, I wish to offer my candidature. For your information, I have
completed my post graduation in Political Science with meritorious marks. I also have an experience of
teaching Pol. Science to the Sr. Secondary classes in a reputed school.

I am enclosing a copy of my bio-data for your perusal and kind consideration.

I am available for the interview on any day of your convenience. If given a chance to serve you, I

60
 assure you that I shall work with utmost sincerity and dedication up to your satisfaction.

Thank you

Yours faithfully
Sanjay/Sanjana Sharma

Encl.: As above
BIO- DATA

1. NAME- Sanjay/Sanjana Sharma

2. FATHER’s NAME- Mithun Sharma
3. . DATE OF BIRTH-25 July, 19xx
4. ADDRESS- 21, Vasant Marg, Bhilai
PHONE-98100XXXXX
E-MAIL- [email protected]
5. MARITAL STATUS- Single
6. NATIONALITY- Indian
7. ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS :
NAME OF THE NAME OF THE NAME OF THE YEAR OF PERCENTAGE
EXAMINATION BOARD/ UNIVERSITY INSTITUTION PASSING

AISSCE (XII) CBSE, NEW DELHI ST. PAUL’S 19XX 85%

BHILAI

B.A. RSVV RAIPUR G. K. COLLEGE 19XX 80%

BHILAI

M.A. (POL. SC.) RSVV RAIPUR G. K. COLLEGE 19XX 82%

BHILAI

B. ED. RSVV RAIPUR G. K. COLLEGE 19XX 75%

BHILAI

8. EXPERIENCE: An experience of teaching Pol. Science to Class XI & XII in Noble

Public School, Bhilai for two years from 20xx to 20xx.

9. ACHIEVEMENTS Gold Medal in Post Graduation.

10. HOBBIES- Trekking and Reading.

11. LANGUAGES KNOWN - English, Hindi and German

61
 12. NAMES AND ADDRESSES OF REFERENCES-
i) Mr. Vijay Mathur, Principal
D.A.V. School, Bhilai
ii) Mr. Satish Ohri
Head of Commerce Department
Punjab University, Chandigarh.
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the information given above is true to the best of my knowledge. I shall be fully
responsible for the wrong or misleading information, if found any.

Date: Sign
Place: Name:

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE:

1. You are Anand/Arti of 14, Model Town, Delhi. You have seen an advertisement in The Hindu for the
post of Chief Chef in a 5-Star Hotel. Apply for the job with complete bio data. Write in 125-150 words.
VALUE POINTS:
a. Begin with reference to the Advt. with date.
b. Completed MBA in hotel management form DU.
c. Experience of working as chef in a reputed hotel.
d. Enclosed bio data for the said purpose.
e. Qualities - hard working, honest and punctual.
f. Assure to work with full devotion and sincerity.

2. You are Prem/Parul of 16, TT Nagar, Bhopal. You would like to apply for the post of Marketing
Manager in a reputed firm in Mumbai. Write a letter to the Public Relations Officer, Chantac
Enterprises, Mumbai, applying for the job. Write the letter in 125-150 words giving your biodata.

VALUE POINTS:
g. Begin with reference to the Advt. with date.
h. Completed MBA in Marketing management from Pune University.
i. Experience of working as Manager in a reputed company.
j. Enclosed bio data for the said purpose.
k. Qualities - hard working, honest and punctual.
l. Assure to work with full devotion and sincerity.

TEST YOUR SKILLS:

1. Draft an application for the post of an accountant in Pioneers (Pvt.) Ltd. Co. Hyderabad in response
to their advertisement that appeared in The Times of India dated 1st August, 20XX. Prepare a
biodata to be enclosed. You are Nipun/Aparna.

2. You are Chetan Sharma, a commerce graduate from Delhi University. You are seeking a suitable job.
You came across an advertisement in The Times of India, inviting young and dynamic fresh
graduates as sales assistants in a reputed company. Apply for the said job to Box No. 8365, C/o The
Times of India, New Delhi.

62
 Writing Skills: ARTICLE/REPORT WRITING (120 -150 words)
FOR QUESTION NO. 6
ARTICLE WRITING
An article is an expression of one’s thought on an issue or a subject logically and coherently written in
meaningful paragraphs. The dictionary defines an article as a piece of writing about a
particular subject in a newspaper or magazine. It differs from a news item or a composition because of its
unique and interesting presentable style. Writing articles is an art; it involves creativity, a wide range of
relevant vocabulary and thorough knowledge of the subject. One has to keep in mind, the purpose of writing
and target readers.

Title

The title can be a single word, a phrase or may be three to four words. It should be descriptive, catchy and
thought provoking, illustrating the central theme.

BY LINE: Writer's Name under the title towards the right from the centre

Body

• The body of an article is structural and directional. By structure we mean that it has a distinct
beginning, middle and a conclusion.

• An article will be directional if all the words and sentences, paragraphs and thoughts naturally and
logically lead to the objective of writing it.

• It is written in paragraphs and each paragraph deals with one main idea.

Purpose of writing

In examination, nothing is written purposelessly. All writing tasks have specific purposes. Before writing an
article, make sure whether you are writing to inform people, to persuade them, to entertain them or to
convince them.

Plan Before You Pen

• Before you start writing, read the instructions very carefully.

• Must decode the verbal/visual input properly.

• Decide on the number of the paragraphs.

• Begin with a striking opening sentence to grab readers’ interest in the topic.

• Introduce a new point at the beginning of each paragraph that follows to strengthen
your ideas.

• Present a strong argument for your ideas supporting it with evidences or elaboration.
63
 • Develop your ideas as much as you can to make them interesting and substantial.

• Use variety of words.

• Time yourself.

• Write grammatically correct sentences.

• Use linking devices (however, therefore, although, even though, in order to…)
to make the composition appear a whole and appealingly effective.

• Use simple, short sentences and lay emphasis on flow and connectivity.

• Make your article as interesting as possible. Keep in touch with the latest happenings
around you.

Conclusion

• The article ends with a prediction or warning which is the opinion of the writer. Conclude with your
strongest point, with a hope, a warning, an appeal or a call for an action.

• A slogan or quotation may be used to stress the pivotal thought.

MARKING SCHEME

ARTICLE WRITING 10 marks

Format: 1 mark
Heading and Writer's Name
Content: 2 marks
Expression: 2 marks
Grammatical accuracy, appropriate words and spellings [1]
Coherence and relevance of ideas and style [1]

Q1. Write an article in 120-150 words on, ‘Democracy in India’ to be published in the School Magazine of
your Vidyalaya. You are Vivek / Vaishali

Democracy in India
--Vivek

Democracy is a system of government that allows the citizens to cast a vote and elect a government of
their choice. India became a democratic state after its independence from British rule in 1947. It is the largest
democratic nation in the world.

Democracy in India gives its citizens the right to vote irrespective of their caste, colour, creed, religion
and gender. It has five democratic principles – sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, and republic.

Various political parties stand for elections at the state and national levels periodically. They propagate
about the tasks accomplished in their previous tenure and also share their future plans with the people. Every
64
citizen of India, above the age of 18 years has the right to vote. The government is making continuous efforts
to encourage more and more people to cast their votes. People must know everything about the candidates
standing for the elections and vote for the most deserving one for good governance.

India is known to have a successful democratic system. However, certain loopholes need to be worked on.
Among other things, the government must work on eliminating poverty, illiteracy, communalism, gender
discrimination, and casteism in order to ensure democracy in the true sense.

Q.2. Emotionally as well as intellectually, a woman is a good as a man if not better. Yet we don’t allow her
the same status as man enjoys in society. Write an article in 120-150 words on, ‘Status of women in India’.
You are Narendra / Nakshatra

Status of women in India

--Nakshatra

The status of women in India has undergone significant changes in recent years, but many challenges and
inequalities persist. In ancient India, women were traditionally viewed as inferior to men and often relegated
to a subordinate role. However, during the Vedic period, women enjoyed a higher status and were afforded
more rights and freedoms than in later periods.

In modern India, women still face several challenges and inequalities. Despite the constitutional
guarantee of equality, women continue to be disadvantaged in many areas, including education, employment,
and health care. One of the most significant challenges women face in India is gender-based violence.
Domestic violence, sexual assault, and acid attacks are all common forms of violence faced by women in
India. In addition, the country has one of the world's highest rates of female infanticide.

Women's participation in politics and public life in India is also limited. While there have been some
notable female political leaders in India, such as Indira Gandhi and current president Droupadi Murumu,
women are still underrepresented in positions of power. Overall, the status of women in India has improved
in recent years, but significant challenges and inequalities remain. Efforts to address these issues, including
education and increased public participation, will significantly promote gender equality in India.

Q3. You are Shivam/ Siya. You love travelling and now you want to tell people about VIRTUAL TOURS.
Write an Article on the topic – The Rise of Virtual Tour. Word limit- 120-150 words.

The Rise of Virtual Travel

By Shivam/ Siya

In recent years, technology has revolutionized the way we experience the world around us. One particular area
that has seen a significant transformation is the concept of travel. With the advent of virtual reality (VR) and
augmented reality (AR), a new era of exploration has emerged, allowing individuals to venture into uncharted
territories without even leaving their homes.

Virtual travel offers an immersive experience that transports users to distant lands, historical sites, and
natural wonders. Through VR headsets, users can stand atop the Eiffel Tower, dive into the Great Barrier

65
Reef, or walk through the bustling streets of Tokyo. The level of detail and realism in these virtual
environments is astonishing, creating a sense of presence that enables users to feel like they are truly there.
One of the most significant advantages of virtual travel is accessibility. For those who face physical
limitations, financial constraints, or time restrictions, virtual travel opens doors that were once closed.
Moreover, virtual travel allows individuals to embark on journeys without the need for costly flights,
accommodation, or extensive planning. Another benefit of virtual travel is its positive impact on the
environment. By opting for virtual exploration, travellers can reduce their carbon footprint, promoting
sustainable tourism and eco-friendly practices.

Furthermore, virtual travel has educational value. Schools and educational institutions can utilize VR
technology to offer students interactive and engaging learning experiences. History lessons can come alive
with visits to ancient civilizations, and geography can be experienced first-hand through virtual tours of
diverse landscapes. This immersive learning fosters a deeper understanding of various cultures, environments,
and historical events.

However, like any technological advancement, virtual travel comes with its challenges. While it offers
a sense of presence, it cannot replicate the spontaneity, cultural immersion, and personal connections that
traditional travel provides.

In conclusion, the rise of virtual travel has opened up exciting opportunities for adventure, learning,
and accessibility. While it cannot replace the magic of traditional travel entirely, it offers an innovative and
valuable supplement to the way we explore the world.

Q.4. The 21st century has seen an erosion of values in the society. Experts and educationists stress on value-
based education to meet the challenges. Write an article, in 150-200 words, on the need for value based
education. You are Amit/Amita.

Answer:

Value Based Education-The Need of The Hour

By Amit/ Amita.

It is rightly said: “values are priceless, while valuables are priced.” Values like love,
compassion, sympathy, empathy, tolerance, etc. lay the foundation for values like honesty,
discipline, punctuality and loyalty. Today’s fast paced competitive world has led man to compromise on
values, integrity and character. As a result, we see aggression, selfishness, rampant corruption, unlawful
activities and inhuman behaviour all around.

There is an urgent need to introduce value based education dealing specifically with
human values, to redesign the fabric of our society. Childhood is the right time and stage to
impart value education so that the right impressions formed in the child’s mind guide him
throughout his life. Schools provide an interactive and learning ambience where human
values can be easily introduced to a child by making him/her “experience” and “live” the

66
values. This can be done through workshops, seminars, camps and open forums since
values are ‘caught’ and not just ‘taught’. Nelson Mandela rightly said: “Education is the most powerful
weapon through which you can change the world”. Here, he talked about both academic education
as well as moral value education. And, value education has the power to change the world.

So the real onus lies on the elders to ensure that they preserve and promote values. The need of the hour is to
integrate value based education into our curriculum.

Q.5. Devmalya is a student of Holy Student School, Chennai. She reads a report on the miserable condition
of the Child Labour in India in the Times of India. She is moved and wants to express her strong feelings
against the widespread exploitation of children in an article. Using the hints given below in the input, write a
purposeful article on Child Abuse for the school-magazine in 150-200 words.
.
Child Abuse-a painful fact - children exploited – India a poor country – about 10 million
children employed in dangerous trades and industries – exploited – living and working in inhuman
conditions – Effective legislation against Child labour.

CHILD ABUSE
- By Devmalya

Childhood is the golden period of man’s life. Children need love and care for their growth and
development. However, child abuse is the tragic irony of Indian social life. About 10 million children are
employed in unhealthy and hazardous trades and industries. Bare footed, lean and thin children have to work
for 10 to 15 hours a day. They work in numerous shops, brick kilns, small factories and cottage industries.
Some risk their lives while selling newspapers on busy roads.

These child-workers are generally ill-fed and treated like bonded labourers. They are often underpaid.
Thousands of children work in fire- crackers and match-factories. Many of them get killed in accidents and
fires. The carpet industry in Uttar Pradesh employs many children. Children have to work in chemical
factories in hazardous conditions. In 2015, the country of India is home to the largest number of children
who are working illegally in various industrial industries.

Penury is the main reason that compels many poor parents to send their children for work. India has the
largest number of children working in most inhospitable, and inhuman surroundings. The Child Labour Act
should be enforced with all sincerity and more stringent clauses. Exemplary punishment should be given to
the defaulters and the defiant employers.

Q.6. Ragging has raised its ugly head again. A recent incident at a prestigious school
has shown that this evil has not yet come to an end. Write an article in 150-200 words
on 'Ragging, an evil'. You are Navtej/Navita.
Ans.
Ragging, an Evil
- By Navita
Ragging in India is a damaging form of interaction of the seniors in the college or school with the juniors,
new comers or first year students. Original aim was to teach the students respect for hierarchy thereby
enforcing traditions and discipline among them. As a result, practice of familiarizing beginners with their

67
seniors has now turned into a powerful tool for ill-treating and punishing juniors if they fail to obey their
seniors.
Under the pretext of fun, a poor student is often assaulted, sometimes even stripped and intimidated by his
seniors and this torture obviously leaves an indelible impression on his
mind. The chilling incident continues to haunt him and unknowingly he develops various
psychological disorders. Sometimes the situation turns so bad that it compels the ragged victim to commit
suicide. Recently, ragging has been declared a criminal offence. Still, ragging is prevalent in colleges and
hostels in secretive ways.

Solution lies in more practical steps like having an anti-ragging helpline that can take anonymous
complaints and act against the culprits or having awareness programmes conducted at a more specific level.
This menace, in any case, has to be contained and stopped.

QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE WITH HINTS /VALUE POINTS (ARTICLE WRITING)

Q.1. Taking selfies has become a craze and is a global phenomenon. It has cost us several
lives and also immortalized several moments. Write an article for a National Daily on
the trend of taking selfies and its impact on people. You are Aditi/ Aditya. (150-200
words)

Suggested value points:

Introduction
• mention briefly the problems associated with the selfie
culture and its ramifications- A great obsession
Topic analysis
• Do not enjoy the moment or nature
• Too occupied posting it on social media
• Take risks to click them

• Perform dangerous stunts

• Need to create awareness about the drawbacks

• Teach responsible use of technology
• Suggest positive use of this technology
• Conclusion
(Due credit for creative answers backed by logical argument to be given.)

Q. 2. By 2050, India will be amongst the countries which will face acute water shortage. You are highly
alarmed and terrified of the future world without water. So, write an article on save water- is we doing
enough? For the local daily in 150-200 words.

Suggested value points:

Introduction

•mention briefly the status of the issue Topic analysis

• discuss why saving water is Important.

68
• describe how this deficit will affect people and humankind.

• suggest what can be done to save water for the future.

• Conclusion

(Due credit for creative answers backed by logical argument to be given.)

Q3. On the threshold of being a world super power, India does have a large young workforce but
unfortunately not many in this force are employable for want of necessary skills. Write in about 150-200
words, an article for a newspaper on the topic' Skill Development is the need of the hour'. You are
Anita/Arnav.

Coherence and relevance of ideas and style [2½]

Suggested value points:

Introduction

•mention briefly the status of the issue Topic analysis

• discuss why Indian education fails to develop employability skills among youth.

• describe how this deficit affects Indian economy, industry, business and people.

• suggest what can be done to develop these skills among the young people who are going to be in the
mainstay of the workforce of the future.

• Conclusion

REPORT WRITING (120-150 Words)

Report is a written account of something that one has observed, heard, done or investigated.

There are different types of reports but two types which are asked in the examinations are: Newspaper report
and Magazine report. Newspaper report is one which is published in newspaper and magazine report is
generally written for a school magazine.

Marking scheme

● Format : 1 mark
● content : 2 marks
● organisation : 1 mark
● accuracy of spelling and grammar : 1 mark
Care to be taken while drafting the Content

● It's the main body of a report. It should be within 120-150 words.

● A bold title /heading of the report should be written in center
● A Report must be written in third person, past tense and passive voice.
69
 Van Mahotsav Celebration, Environment Club, inauguration of biodiversity park, marking the
occasion, appeal by the chief guest, cultural activities, awareness programme, congratulations
to the winners, staging the drama on the theme, community outreach programme.

● All the points about the event or the incident should be explained in detail.
● Should state the facts like time, duration, organisation, damage, loss, etc., given in the question.
● In the case of Newspaper report, it should avoid ornamental language and be written as an eye-
witness account.
Format of a magazine report

● Heading
● By line
● Opening paragraph
● One or two body paragraphs including event details
● Concluding paragraph
Format of the newspaper report

● Headline (heading or title of a report)

● By line ( name of the person writing the report along with the designation)
● Place and date of reporting
● Introductory paragraph
● One or two body paragraphs including event details
● Concluding paragraph including witness accounts

1. You are Shreyash/Shreya of Times NewsNetwork Pune. You have covered the Van Mahotsav
Celebrations at KV NDA Pune. Write a report on it in 120 to 150 words by using the following verbal input.
Marks 05

Van Mahotsav Celebrated at KV NDA Pune

by Shreyash Singh( Times NewsNetwork)
Pune, August 25: Van Mahotsav was celebrated by Green Finger, the Environment Club of KV NDA, Pune
with great enthusiasm on 24th August on the campus.
The District Forest Officer, Mr SD Bhandari was the chief guest. He inaugurated the Bio- diversity Park in
the school. The Principal, Ms Mansi Mohite planted a sapling in the park to mark the occasion.
Speaking on the occasion, Mr Bhandari urged the students to plant more trees and to launch a campaign to
save the environment. Students of the primary wing of the school presented a cultural programme. The senior
students staged a play on saving the environment.
The club organized different activities and competitions for all classes. The Principal announced a cash
award of Rs 500 each and a merit certificate for two students for creating the best environment projects. She
also outlined the plan for a ' Green Campaign ' to be launched soon, to create awareness among the public.
Overall,there was an atmosphere of enthusiasm and also a realization among students about their
responsibility to protect the planet as future citizens of the world.

70
2. You are Anand / Anandi of Kendriya Vidyalaya NDA Pune. You have attended a workshop on 21
century skills. Write a report on the workshop in 120 to 150 words for the school magazine by using the
following verbal input.

Workshop on 21 century skills, participants students of class XII, inauguration, focal

theme, activities - debate, symposium poster designing, creative writing, Problem
solving tasks, group work, hands on experience, communication skills,real to life
situations for experience, best participants, prize distribution, address by the
chairperson, role of resource persons, a vote of thanks.

Ans:
Kendriya Vidyalaya NDA Pune holds a workshop on 21 st Century skills.
by Anandi
Kendriya Vidyalaya NDA Pune held a workshop on 21 st Century Skills for class 12th students, aiming
to prepare them to face the challenges of the competitive world, on the 1st August in the school auditorium.
The workshop was inaugurated by Mrs. Alka Gaikwad, Principal KV NDA Pune. The coordinator Mr
Satish Sharma expounded the objectives of the workshop and introduced the set of skills that would be
acquired. Mr. Ramesh Sathe, the District Director of Skills Development programme ,Pune presided over
the workshop.
The participants took part in different activities enthusiastically. They presented their views on
different topics that were taken up for discussion and enjoyed hands-on experience through real life
situations. The resource persons conducted the activities like debate, symposium, poster designing and
problem solving tasks where the students learnt and sharpened their skills - creative thinking, critical
thinking, collaboration and leadership qualities.
The best participants were congratulated with a certificate of appreciation. Speaking on the occasion,
the chairperson appealed to the students to meet the challenges of 21 century skills in order to grab the
opportunities at international level. In a nutshell, the whole effort proved quite productive and fruitful and
turned out to be a resounding success.A vote of thanks was proposed by Miss Anandi of class XII.

Q3. Your school, Vivekanand High School recently organized a week-long Literary Fest in order to foster an
understanding and love for literature and to inculcate the habit of reading in the students. As the editor of the
school magazine, write a report of the event in 100-120 words. You are Krishna Patel/ Krutika Patel.

LITERARY WEEK CELEBRATED AT VIVEKANAND HIGH SCHOOL

-Krishna Patel, Editor, Spandan
Vivekanand High School recently concluded its much-awaited week-long Literary Fest, a celebration of
literature aimed at instilling a deep love and appreciation for literary reading. Organized with zeal and
enthusiasm, the event took place from July 4th to July 10th.

The fest kicked off with an inspiring speech by the school principal, encouraging students to immerse
themselves in the world of books and words. Various literary competitions and activities were organized
throughout the week, providing students with a platform to showcase their literary talents. Enthusiastic
71
participants engaged in storytelling sessions, poetry recitals, and debates, demonstrating their impressive
literary prowess. In addition, there were book fairs and writing workshops that allowed students to explore
diverse genres and expand their literary horizons. The Literary Fest was graced by renowned authors and poets
from the local community, who shared their experiences and insights, motivating students to pursue their
passion for writing.

Vivekanand High School's Literary Fest was a grand success, leaving a lasting impact on the minds of students
and staff alike. Sharad Pathak, the principal of the school thanked all the guests, teachers, and participants for
making the event a resounding success. The week-long celebration achieved its objective of nurturing a love
for literature and encouraging the habit of reading among the young minds.

Q4. You are Ramchandran, staff correspondence, The Tribune. Write a report of a train accident that killed
70 people in Odisha. Use the given cues along with your own ideas to write a report about the same in 120 –
150 words.

● Triple train crash in Balasore, Odisha

● Coromandel Superfast Express reportedly derailed
● Coaches on parallel track
● Bengaluru Howrah Express rammed onto derailed coaches
● Rescue operation
● People trapped
70 KILLED, 350 INJURED IN A FATAL TRAIN CRASH
A report by Ramchandran, Staff Correspondent, The Tribune
20 Jun 23, BHUBANESWAR: At least 70 people were killed and more than 350 injured in a horrific
triple-train crash in Odisha's Balasore district on Friday evening, one of the worst train accidents in recent
history.

The accident took place around 7 pm when the Coromandel Superfast Express reportedly derailed and
its coaches landed on a parallel track. The capsized coaches were then rammed by Bengaluru-Howrah Express
which was coming from the opposite direction at Bahanaga, about 180 km from here. Going by preliminary
reports, the death toll could go well beyond 50. As news of the accident spread, hundreds of locals rushed to
the spot to rescue trapped passengers. Sources said more than 300 injured passengers have so far been rescued
and over 300 are still trapped. The Odisha government and Indian Railways mounted a massive rescue
operation but found it challenging to move the injured from the site to different hospitals in Balasore given
the rising number of passengers hurt in the incident. As many as 115 ambulances and 20 fire fighting teams
from Balasore and Bhadrak districts were pressed into service.

Speaking to media persons, CM Patnaik said, "Our first priority is to take injured persons to hospitals
and save their lives. I have just reviewed the situation about this truly tragic railway accident. I will be visiting
the spot tomorrow morning". The rescue operations were in full force when this report was being written.

Q5. You are Surbhi of Bharat Bharti Residential School Shalimar Bagh, Delhi. Your
school organized an inter-school science exhibition. Write a report to be published in a

72
local daily. (150-200 words)

Answer:
Exhibition Inaugurated
by Surbhi
New Delhi, August 07, 2019
A grand ten-day science exhibition was inaugurated at Bharat Bharati Residential. School. Forty schools
from different parts of Delhi participated in the exhibition. The theme of the exhibition was “Water
Purification and Conservation”.

Inaugurating the exhibition, Justice Chaudhari stressed on water conservation and need
of students’ participation in creating social awareness. The students put up some really
good exhibits for the exhibition. The students representing Progressive School, Sector
3 Noida stole the show by exhibiting four working models which were selected for
Regional Exhibition. The participants presented unique concepts for water purification,
power saving, garbage disposal and smart traffic signalling. The judges, guests and
media admired the exhibition and encouraged participation to popularize and strengthen
scientific temper among the masses. They all expressed rich kudos for the students who had put in their
untiring efforts to make this ten-day science exhibition a mega and memorable event.

The exhibition ended with prize distribution followed by blessings by the chief guest .The
school principal presented a vote of thanks.

Q6. Write a report to be published in your school magazine in 150-200 words on how
Independence Day was celebrated in your school. You are Amita Puri of class XII,
Modern School, Gondia.

Answer:

Independence Day Celebrations

by Amita Puri
Gondia, August 16, 2019
The school celebrated the Independence Day on 15 August 2019 with great fanfare
and enthusiasm. Mr Kailash Satyarthi, the child activist and Nobel laureate hoisted the
tricolour on this historic day.

Students presented a rich cultural extravaganza charged with patriotic sentiments. First of
all students of class IX presented a skit highlighting the importance of educating a girl
child. The school choir sang patriotic songs which were followed by an encouraging
address by the chief guest. The chief guest spoke on the importance of independence and the sacrifice made
by our freedom fighters. He emphasized that students are future and hopes of the countries. He expressed
hope that India will soon become a super power since the generation next is progressing leaps and bounds.

The programme came to a resounding close with a thrilling folk dance performance
73
depicting valour and enthusiasm of rural youth from border areas of Rajasthan. The
school principal presented a vote of thanks. At the end all enjoyed light snacks and tea with the chief guest
and other invitees.

Q7. You are Tanvi/Jahan, the tour guide of Sai Tour and Travels Ltd. J&K based in Jammu. You had been
on tour to Leh area of J&K with 15 tourists on 5th August when the cloudburst and mudslide caused
massive devastation in the area. Write a report in about 150-200 words giving all the details you witnessed
about the calamity for a magazine.

Answer:

Cloud burst Caused Devastation in Leh

By : Tanvi/Jahan
Leh, August. 2019
On 5th August, 2019 at 8 p.m. sudden cloudburst and resulting mudslide in upper Leh region caused a
massive devastation in the area. A whole village, Choglamsar located in hillside got buried under the mass
of mud.

In the upper part of Leh, houses were badly damaged. According to Government sources around 200 people
were reported dead. Among the victims were Ladakhis, Tibetan refugees and Tourists. Around 1500 people
were badly affected by the calamity as hotels and tourist lodges were badly damaged. People were stranded
as there was no place to go. All the roads were blocked by debris. Chief Minister made an aerial survey of
the area. He said that rescue work
was likely to start within 48 hours. Local People were taking the injured to nearby makeshift hospitals.
People were looking for their dear ones amid the debris. Sources claimed that airports and roads could be
operational by Saturday for military planes.

Chief Minister announced compensation to the kith and kin of those who had died and the affected people.

For Practice

Q 1. A massive fire due to short circuit gutted 50 odd shops in the congested area of
Sadar Bazar in Delhi leading to loss of life and property. As a reporter with The
Tribune write the report for the newspaper.(150-200 words) 10 marks

Suggested value points:

How the fire started

How the fire spread
Reaction of the crowd
Number of people injured/got burnt
Action taken-rescue operations-when and how
Total estimated loss
Possible cause of fire
Compensation announced
(Any other relevant suggestion and idea to be given due credit)
74
Q. 2. You are Karan / Kirti of L.M. Memorial Public School, Dwarka. Your school has adopted a village as
a social responsibility. Students are being taken to teach the children of that village on a regular basis. Write
a report, for your school magazine, on the various other programmes organized there in 150-200 words.

Suggested value points:

•A Report should answer the questions:

• What - name of event and occasion

• Where –place of the event

• When -date and time

•VARIOUS ACTIVITIES IN THE ADOPTED VILLAGE

•Activities (Teaching & Social Work) held

•A comment on the quality of the activities organized

(Any other relevant suggestion and idea to be given due credit)

Q. 3. With a view to create awareness regarding health St. Anne's school organized 'Health Mela' in the
school premises. Various charts, models, fitness equipments were displayed. Lectures, debates, discussions,
plays were organized. A workshop on low calorie cooking was also organised. Write a report in 150-200
words on the 'Health Mela' for the school magazine. You are Neha/Nikhil, Secretary of the Health Club of
school.
Suggested value points:

•A Report should answer the questions:

• What - name of event and occasion
• Where • when -date and time
• Chief Guest
• How - inaugural function - other activities held - prize distribution - Chief Guest's message - vote of
thanks
• A comment on the quality of programme
(Any other relevant suggestion and idea to be given due credit)

Types of Reports

(i) Day Organized/Celebrated at School

• Sports Day
• Grand parents’ Day
• Environment Day
75
• Children’s Day
• Teachers’ Day.
(ii) Workshops/Seminars/Talks
• Science seminar
• Talks on Adolescent Problems and solutions
• Workshop on Examination stress and solution.
• Seminar on consumer awareness.
• Disaster management
• Right to Education
(iii) Competitions
• Science Quiz
• Zonal Level Drawing Competition
• District level essay writing
• Zonal level Junior Hockey
• District Level Teachers’ Competition
(iv) Campaign/Awareness March/Rally
• Tree plantation
• Water harvesting
• Save girl child
• Anti Tobacco
• Save Monuments
• Pulse Polio
(v) Camp/Visit/Exhibition/Fair
• Blood Donation • National Park/Museum
• Craft and Art Exhibition • Science Fair
• Hospital Visit
(vi) Robbery/Snatching
• Day light • On a morning Train/Bus
• Chain Snatching
(vii) Accident/Calamity
• Railway
• Road/falling in manhole
• Drowning in swimming pool/river
• Cloud burst and mud slide
• Flood / Fire
• Earthquake
(viii) Civic Problem
• Bursting of water pipe • Road rage case
• Digging on roads.
(ix) Public Event
• inauguration of metro station
• inauguration of new stadium
• inauguration of flyover/underpass.

76
 Section ‘C’ Literature Textbooks
One Poetry extract out of two from the book Flamingo
For QUESTION NO. 7

1. Read the extract given and answer the questions that follow:
“Driving from my parent’s

home to Cochin last Friday

morning, I saw my mother

beside me, doze, open mouthed, her face

ashen like that of a corpse and realized with

pain that she was as old as she looked, but soon put that thought away...”

i. Choose the option that displays the same poetic device as used in the line “her face ashen like
that of a corpse”.

(a) Life, adventurous as a road trip, is quite thrilling.

(b) He is a lion.
(c) A thing of beauty is a joy forever.
(d) The whole world is a stage.

ii. State whether the given statement is TRUE or FALSE.

The word “ashen” implies the poet’s veiled fear of her mother’s death.

iii. The theme of the poem as represented by the given extract is _____.

iv. What is the painful thought that comes to the poet’s mind?

v. On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to the two statements
given below.

1. The thought of loss or separation is painful.

2. The poet is afraid that she might lose her mother.

(a) 1 can be inferred from the extract but 2 cannot.

(b) 2 can be inferred from the extract but 1 cannot.
(c) Neither 1 nor 2 can be inferred from the extract.
(d) 2 is the reason for 1 and can be inferred from the extract.
vi. What message can the readers assimilate from the extract about filial duties?

77
2. Read the extract given and answer the questions that follow:

“And looked out at Young

Trees sprinting, the merry children spilling

out of their homes, but after the airport’s

security check, standing a few yards

away, I looked again at her, wan, pale

as a late winter’s moon and felt that old

familiar ache, ... ... ...”

i. “Young Trees sprinting,” is similar to ---------------in the use of figure of speech.

1. Roaring silence
2. Hungry mouths to feed
3. He is older than the hills
4. Because I could not stop for Death, he kindly stopped for me
ii. State whether the statement is TRUE or FALSE:

The poet is filled with pain, anxiety and fear as she is about to depart.

iii. By comparing the mother’s face to the pale winter’s moon the poet suggests that --------------
-------------

iv. The literary device used by the poet in the following line

... as a late winter’s moon and felt that old familiar ache, ... is similar to

(a) The snow is a white blanket.

(b) The Alarm clock yelled at me
(c) Like a kite against the wind
(d) Both a and c
v. What is the effect achieved by the imagery of “the merry children spilling”?

vi. What does the poet want to suggest through the imagery of “Young Trees sprinting”?

3. Read the given extract and answer questions that follow:

……and realized with pain

that she was as old as she looked but soon
put that thought away, and
looked out at young trees sprinting, the merry children spilling
out of their homes.

(a) Kamala Das turned her attention from her mother, because
78
 i) She was feeling guilty.
ii) She was shirking her responsibility
iii) She was trying to escape from pain filled emotions.
iv) She didn’t like the idea of her mother growing old.

(b) Why did the poet put ‘that thought’ away?

(c) Complete the following analogy correctly. Do not repeat from the example used.
Trees sprinting:………..: : pale as a late winter's moon: simile

(d) The phrase 'she realized with pain' indicates the poet's................

(i) anxiety of missing the flight. (ii) fear of losing her mother
(iii) fear of illness. (iv) anxiety of talking her mother on the flight.

(e) Choose the correct option with reference to the two statements given below:

Assertion: The poet brings in the image of merry children spilling out of their homes.
Reasoning: The merry children present an image of happiness and exuberance. This image is in
stark contrast to the ‘dozing’ old mother who is an image of ageing, decay and passivity.
i) Both A & R are correct. R is the correct explanation of A
ii) Both A & R are correct. R is not the correct explanation of A
iii) A is right, R is wrong
iv) R is right, A is wrong

(f) ‘Thought Away’ means

i) Diverted ii) Escaped
iii) Drifted iv) Avoided

Answers:
(a) iv) She didn’t like the idea of her mother growing old.
(b) She wanted to divert her mind from the reality of growing age of her mother and her impending
inevitable death/ did not want to be separated from her mother.
(c) Personification
(d) (ii) Fear of losing her mother
(e) i) Both A & R are correct. R is the correct explanation of A
(f) i) Diverted

4. Read the given extract and answer questions that follow:

I looked again at her,

wan, pale as a late winter‘s moon
and felt that old familiar ache, my childhood‘s fear,
but all I said was, see you soon, Amma,
79
 All I did was smile and smile and smile …

(a) Kamala Das comparing her mother to winter moon signifies________________

i) Human life is as short as that of the moon.
ii) Her mother is old and looks pale
iii) Winter is the last season of the year
iv) Her mother is about to die

(b) Given below are some of the books and their authors. Which title perfectly describes the
condition of the poet’s mother?
i) Somewhere Towards the End – by Diana Athill
ii) Nothing to be Frightened of –Julian Barnes
iii) If Cats disappeared from the World – Genki Kawamura
iv) The Picture of Dorian Gray – Oscar Wilde.

(c) The poet’s childhood fear was_________________________

(d) The tone of the poem is …………

i) Pensive and sorrowful
ii) Disillusioned and unhappy
iii) Happy but discontented
iv) Remorseful

(e) Some poetic devices and examples from the poem are given below. Choose the option that
fits the poetic device to its example.
i) Simile: merry children spilling out – Repetition: smile and smile and smile
ii) Personification: Young trees sprinting – Metaphor: Merry children spilling
iii) Simile: pale as a late winter‘s moon – Imagery: all I did was smile
iv) Imagery: old familiar ache – Simile: pale as a late winter‘s moon

(f) Elucidate the following statement with reference to the above extract:
All I did was smile and smile and smile……

Answers:
a) ii. Her mother is old and looks pale
b) i) Somewhere Towards the End – by Diana Athill.
c) fear of separation from her mother
d) i. Pensive and sorrowful
e) ii) Personification: Young trees sprinting – Metaphor: Merry children spilling
f) Does not want to show her agony and fear to her mother/wants to part from her mother on a
pleasant note/ her outer smile hides her inner pain of separation/ comforts her mother

5. Read the given extract and answer questions that follow:

80
I saw my mother beside me
Doze, open mouthed, her face ashen like that
Of a corpse and realized with pain
That she was as old as he looked but soon
Put that thought away, and looked out at Young
Trees sprinting, the merry children spilling out of their homes

i. Which amongst the following options has used the same poetic device in its underlined
phrase as used in the expression ‘ashen like that of a corpse’?
A. He was a lion in the battle.
B. The flood swallowed more than a dozen villages.
C. He walked as slow as a snail.
D. The tree blocks the free flow of water.
ii. Choose the correct option that best explains the reason for the poet ‘to put that thought
away’.
A. The mother’s face was pale and ugly.
B. It was unbearable for her to see her mother sleeping.
C. She was troubled by the thought of her mother’s perpetual state of exhaustion.
D. She was deeply pained by the thought of the mother’s imminent death.
iii. What do the expressions ‘doze’ ‘open mouthed’ describe about the poet’s mother?
A. She is sleeping and relaxing.
B. She is aged and exhausted.
C. She is tired of travelling.
D. She is not in a mood to talk to her daughter.
iv. The poet uses the image of sprinting trees to emphasize the similarity to the ageing mother.
(True/False)

v. What mood does the expression ‘merry children spilling’ bring in?
A. Happiness and enthusiasm
B. Innocence and playfulness
C. Laziness
D. Joy
vi. What is the poet feeling in the given lines?

Answers:
i. (C) He walked as slow as a snail.
ii. (D) She was deeply pained by the thought of the mother’s imminent death.
iii. (B) She is aged and exhausted.
iv. False
v. The expression ‘Merry children spilling’ brings in mood of happiness and enthusiasm.
vi. The poet is feeling sad and sorrowful due to her mother’s old age in the given extract. She
does not want to accept the fact that her mother is nearing death.

81
6. Read the given extract and answer questions that follow:

“But after the airport’s

Security check, standing a few yards
Away, I looked again at her, wan, pale as a late winter’s moon.”

i. Why did the poet look at her mother again?

A. To see if she was sleeping
B. To check if she was well
C. To bid her good bye
D. To say something to her
ii. Mother’s face has been compared to _____________
A. Full moon brightness
B. Late winter’s moon and its paleness
C. Young children
D. Young tree
iii. What were the reasons of mother’s pale face?
1 Mother’s old age
2 Mother’s depleting energy
3 Mother’s illness
4 Mother’s stress
5 Mother’s fright
A. 1, 2 and 3
B. 2, 3, and 4
C. 3, 4 and 5
D. 1, 4 and 5
iv. Answer in one word.
The figure of speech used in the lines ‘as late winter’s moon’ is_________.
v. On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to the two
statements given below.
1 The poet is in a dilemma.
2 The poet does not want to look at her mother.
A. (1) Can be inferred from the extract but (2) cannot.
B. (2) Can be inferred from the extract but (1) cannot.
C. Both (1) and (2) can be inferred from the extract.
D. (2) Is the reason for (1) and can be inferred from the extract.
vi. What do you think the poet is feeling in the extract?
A. Regretful
B. Nostalgic
C. Doubtful
D. Torn

Answers:
i. (C ) To bid her good bye
ii. (B) late winter’s moon and its paleness
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iii. (A) 1, 2 and 3
iv. Simile
v. (B) (2) can be inferred from the extract but (1) cannot.
vi. (D) torn

Keeping Quiet
1. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow:

It would be an exotic moment

Without rush, without engines,
We would all be together
In a sudden strangeness.

i. Which moment has been described as exotic?

A. When everyone is still and quiet.
B. When everyone is praying.
C. When everyone is pleading others to be quiet.
D. Listening to the poet.
ii. Why, according to the poet, the moment will be exotic?
A. It will initiate non-violence
B. It will foster peace and brotherhood.
C. As it will be something extraordinary.
D. All of the above.
iii. Explain: ‘without rush, without engines’.
A. Presently, everyone seems to be in a hurry.
B. Mad noise of engines coming from different types of vehicles.
C. Everyone is involved in multiple activities for material gains.
D. All of the above.

iv. Which figure of speech is used in the last line of the stanza?
E. Metaphor
F. Personification
G. Alliteration
H. Simile
v. Does the poet propagate total inactivity when he says ‘without rush, without engines’?
vi. Why will the moment be strange?

Answers:
i. (A) When everyone is still and quiet.
ii. (B) It will foster peace and brotherhood.
iii. (D) All of the above
iv. (C ) Alliteration

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 v. No, the poet does not propagate total inactivity as he himself later states in the poem that
he wants people to be silent and introspect.
vi. The absence of hustle and bustle of life would create feeling of peace and quietness,
which would make us united in our natural commitment. It will create a strange feeling of
universal brotherhood.

2. Read the given extract and answer questions that follow:

Fishermen in the cold sea

Would not harm whales
And the man gathering salt
Would look at his hurt hands.

i. What does the poet expect of the fisherman?

A. To stop going to sea
B. Due to introspection he abandons killing whales.
C. Not harm any sea creature
D. be still and do nothing
ii. What figure of speech has been used in the first line of the stanza or in words ‘cold sea’?
iii. How ‘Keeping Quiet’ is going to help the man who works as ‘salt gatherer’?
A. He will get time to take care of his wounded hands.
B. He will not work as ‘salt gatherer’.
C. He will introspect about the type of work he does.
D. None of the above.
iv. Complete the following analogy correctly.
Mining: Coal: ______________: collecting
v. What does the expression ‘hurt hands’ imply?
A. Destruction that humans have caused to themselves.
B. Destruction caused to environment in pursuit of man’s selfish needs.
C. Both (a) and (b)
D. None of the above.
vi. Fill in the blank appropriately
The tone of the poet in the given extract is____________________

Answers:
i. (B) due to introspection he abandons killing whales
ii. Transferred Epithet
iii. (A) He will get time to take care of his wounded hands.
iv. Salt
v. (C) Both (A) and (B)
vi. Hopeful and optimistic

3. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
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 “Now we will count to twelve
And we will all keep still.
For once on the face of the Earth
Let’s not speak in any language
Let’s stop for one second
And not move our arms so much.”

i) The poet uses the word, ‘we’ in the first and second lines. With which statement would you
disagree about the purpose of this use?
1. The poet is taking the readers into confidence.
2. The poets wants the readers to stand in solidarity with him.
3. The poet considers all readers as very talkative people
4. The poet is trying to create sense of affinity

ii) The poetic device not used in “not move our arms so much” is ……
1. Alliteration
2. Metaphor
3. Pun
4. Both 1 and 3
iii) What appeal does the poet make here to the readers?
iv) State whether the statement given is TRUE or FALSE.

The poet wants us to keep quiet for some time and then continue our activities as before.

v) “And not move our arms so much.”

This means that the poet wants us to ------------------------------------------

vi) Would you agree with the statement that the phrases given below are similar? Substantiate.

“Let’s stop for one second” and “buzzed around as busy as a bee” are similar in the use of poetic
devices

4. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
“Perhaps the Earth can teach us
As when everything seems dead
And later proves to be alive
Now I will count up to twelve
And you keep quiet and I will go.”

i. With which statement would the readers disagree?

(a) Silent introspection is very essential.

(b) Silent introspection may bring about a change in our character and attitude.

(c) The Earth has the potential to be a wonderful teacher for mankind.

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 (d) What we require is total inactivity like the earth.

ii. Which poetic device used by in the line -

“Perhaps the Earth can teach us”, is ------------------------------

iii. The word “perhaps” in the first line of the extract suggests

(a) That the poet is not sure of what he says.

(b) That the poet has doubts about the capability of mankind for imbibing the lesson taught
by the Earth.

(c) That the Earth may not be willing to teach mankind.

(d) That everything seems dead on the earth.

iv. State whether the statement given is TRUE or FALSE

The poet believes that human beings have a chance to survive if they follow the teachings of
the earth

v. Pick out the line from the extract which is analogous to, “the Sun smiled down on us”

vi. Which season is referred to here in the extract by the poet?

5. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
For once on the face of the Earth
let’s not speak in any language,
let’s stop for one second,
and not move our arms so much.
It would be an exotic moment
without rush, without engines,
we would all be together
in a sudden strangeness.

(a) The poet uses the word “let’s” to _______

i) initiate a conversation between the poet and the readers.
ii) invite readers as part of the poem’s larger call to humanity.
iii) welcome readers into the world of the poem and its subject.
iv) address readers as fellow members of the human race.

(b) Margaret Atwood said, “Language divides us into fragments, I wanted to be whole.”
Choose the option that correctly comments on the relationship between Margaret Atwood’s words
and the line from the above extract – “let’s not speak in any language”
i) Atwood endorses Neruda’s call to not speak in any language.
ii) Atwood justifies Neruda’s request to not engage in any speaking.
iii) Atwood undermines Neruda’s intent to stop and not speak in any language.
iv) Atwood surrenders to Neruda’s desire for silence and not speak in any language.
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 (c) Why do you think the poet employs words like “exotic” and “strangeness”?
i) To highlight the importance of everyone being together suddenly for once.
ii) To emphasize the frenetic activity and chaos that usually envelops human life.
iii) To indicate the unfamiliarity of a sudden moment without rush or without engine.
iv) To direct us towards keeping quiet and how we would all be together in that silence.

(d) Choose the option that correctly matches the idioms given in Column A with their
meanings in Column B
Column A Column B Column A Column B
1. On the face of the earth (i) In existence
2. What on earth (ii) To do all possible to accomplish something
3. Move heaven and earth (iii) To express surprise or shock
4. The salt of the earth (iv) To be good and worthy

i) 1 – (i); 2 – (iv); 3 – (iii); 4 – (ii)

ii) 1 – (i); 2 – (iii); 3 – (ii); 4 – (iv)
iii) 1 – (ii); 2 – (i); 3 – (iv); 4 – (iii)
iv) 1 – (iv); 2 – (ii); 3 – (iii); 4 – (i)

(e) “It would be an exotic moment without rush, without engines”. What does ‘it’ refer to?

(f) The poetic device used in ‘arms’ is _______________________________

Answers
(a) ii) invite readers as part of the poem’s larger call to humanity.
(b) i) Atwood endorses Neruda’s call to not speak in any language.
(c) ii) To emphasize the frenetic activity and chaos that usually envelops human life.
(d) ) ii) 1 – (i); 2 – (iii); 3 – (ii); 4 – (iv)
(e) It refers to keeping still/ keeping quiet/, not speaking in any language.
(f) pun

6. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:

What I want should not be

Confused with total inactivity.
Life is what it is about;
I want no truck with death.
If we were not so single-minded
about keeping our lives moving,
and for once could do nothing,
perhaps a huge silence might interrupt this sadness
of never understanding ourselves
and of threatening ourselves with death.

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 (a) Identify the incorrect statement from the following.
i) The poet’s attitude is positive
ii) Speaking different languages will cause misunderstanding
iii) The poet advocates total inactivity
iv) The poet wants us to keep still instead of doing one thing or the other

(b) What is the sadness that the poet refers to in the poem, ‘Keeping Quiet’?
(c) How can we rectify the social problems, as in the poem ‘Keeping Quiet’?
i) When we introspect and develop a feeling of understanding with each other
ii) When we behave selfishly
iii) When we think about ourselves only
iv) None of the above
(d) Complete the following analogy correctly.
A Thing of Beauty: John Keats : : Keeping Quiet: …………………….
(e) Which poetic device is used in ‘Huge Silence’?
i) Alliteration
ii) Transferred epithet
iii) Pun
iv) Metaphor
(f) Explain ‘Life is what it is about’ according to the poet.

Answers:
(a) iii) The poet advocates total inactivity
(b) The sadness of never understanding oneself , threatening oneself to death.
(c) i) When we introspect and develop a feeling of understanding with each other
(d) Pablo Neruda.
( e ) ii) Transferred epithet.
( f) Life is about development/ action/live to the fullest of happiness.

A Thing of Beauty
1. Read the given extract and answer questions that follow:
Therefore, on every morrow, are we wreathing
A flowery band to bind us to the earth,
Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth
Of noble natures, of the gloomy days,
Of all the unhealthy and o’er-darkened ways
Made for our searching: yes, in spite of all,
Some shape of beauty moves away the pall
From our dark spirits.

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 i. Pick the option that is NOT an example of ‘unhealthy and o’er darkened ways.’
A. A person who is egoistic and looks down upon others.
B. A person who seeks God’s help for all his problems.
C. A person who uses evil ways to deceive others.
D. A person who is corrupt and manipulative.
ii. Which word from the given options doesn’t mean despondence?
A. Glumness
B. Dolefulness
C. Happiness
D. Downheartedness
iii. Pick the option that enumerates what ‘noble natures’ would include.
1 Selfishness
2 sensitivity
3 Enthusiasm
4 Aggression
5 Meticulousness
6 Judiciousness
A. 1, 4 and 5
B. 2, 3 and 6
C. 2, 4 and 5
D. 2, 3 and 6
iv. What is the figure of speech in ‘noble nature’?
v. The poet says that we wreath a flowery band that binds us to Earth
He means to state that nature’s beauty fills man with________________
vi. What makes our life full of inhuman dearth?

Answers:
i. (B) A person who seeks God’s help for all his problems.
ii. (C) Happiness
iii. (D) 2,3 and 6
iv. Alliteration
v. A spirit of living
vi. According to the poet, we ourselves make our lives full of inhuman dearth due to our selfish
and self-centered nature.

2. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow: 1x6=6

“Such the Sun, the moon,

Trees old and young, sprouting a shady boon
For simple sheep; and such are daffodils
With the green world they live in; and clear rills
That for themselves a cooling covert make
‘Gainst the hot season; the mid forest brake
Rich with a sprinkling of fair musk-roses
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 i. Which of these provide joy and respite in the hot season?
A. Shades of trees in forests
B. Daffodils
C. Clear water streams
D. Both (A) and (C)
ii. The figure of speech used in ‘cooling covert’ is ____________
A. Imagery
B. Metaphor
C. Pun
D. Simile
iii. Describe the role of clear rills.
A. Cool and clear streams
B. Cooling shelter
C. Flowing in green surroundings
D. quenching our thirst
iv. On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to (1) and (2) given
below.
1 Poet is a nature lover.
2 Nature has healing quantities.
A. (1) is true (2) is false
B. (2) is true (1) is false
C. (2) is the reason for (1)
D. Both (1) and (2) are correct

v. How has the mid forest brake become rich?

A. Because of it forests.
B. Because of cleaner air
C. Because of sprinkling of fair coloured musk-rose blooms
D. Because of the variety of fauna.
vi. Fill in the sentence appropriately
The function of daffodils as in mentioned in the extract is ___________________

Answers:
i. (D) Both (A) and (C)
ii. (A) Imagery
iii. (B) Cooling Shelter
iv. Both (1)and (2) are true
v. (C) because of sprinkling of fair coloured musk-rose blooms
vi. To beautify the Earth and make it lively.

3. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow
A thing of beauty is a joy forever
Its loveliness increases,
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 it will never pass into nothingness;
but will keep a bower quiet for us.”

i. Pick out the option that best matches with the expression - “A thing of beauty is a joy
forever”.

1. Its loveliness withers away.

2. Its beauty is everlasting.
3. It makes us quiet.
4. It never passes into nothingness.
(a) Only 4
(b) Both 2 and 4
(c) Only 2
(d) Both 2 and 3
ii. State whether the statement given is TRUE or FALSE.

The expression ‘a bower quiet for us’ matches with ‘it is a gloomy and unhealthy place’.

iii. According to the poet----------------- will never pass into nothingness.

iv. The effect that beauty has on us is that -----------------------

v. How will you explain, “A thing of beauty is a joy forever”?

vi. When the poet says the loveliness of a beautiful thing increases forever he is referring to the
……..

a) Impressions of things of beauty in our mind

b) Physical aspect of the beautiful things
c) Philosophical nature of life
d) Joyful nature of beautiful things

4. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow
“Therefore, on every morrow, are we wreathing
A flowery band to bind us to the earth,
Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth
Of noble natures, of the gloomy days,
Of all the unhealthy and o’er darkened ways
Made for our searching: yes, in spite of all,
Some shape of beauty moves away the pall
From our dark spirits.”

i. Choose the option which does not match with ‘unhealthy and o’er darkened ways.

(a) Egoistic and selfish ways of life.

(b) Offensive and arrogant ways of life.
(c) Evil ways and deceitful ways of life.
(d) Simple and honest ways of life
ii. What does the poet mean by inhuman dearth of noble natures’?
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 iii. Based on the poem, choose the correct option with reference to the two statements given
below.

Statement 1: Without beautiful things the earth would be a sad and unpleasant place to live.

Statement 2: The beautiful band created by human beings ushers hope in their lives.

(a) Statement 2 is true but Statement 1is false.

(b) Statement 2 is false but Statement 1 is true.
(c) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 can be inferred.
(d) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 cannot be inferred
iv. State whether the statement given below is TRUE or FALSE.

The explanation of “the flowery bands that bind us to the earth.” Would be ‘Beautiful things,
experiences and impressions which give us hope about life’.

v. The appropriate meaning of ‘despondence’ as used in the stanza by the poet would be
_____.

vi. What according to the poet dispels darkness from our spirit?

5. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow
A flowery band to bind us to the earth,
Spite of despondence, of the inhuman dearth
Of noble natures, of the gloomy days,
Of all the unhealthy and o‘er-darkened ways
Made for our searching: yes, in spite of all

(a) Based on the poem, choose the correct option with reference to the two statements given
below.
Statement 1: The earth without the beautiful things is a place full of despair and unpleasantness.
Statement 2: The ornate band created by human beings; ushers hope in their lives.
i) Statement 1 is true but Statement 2 is false.
ii) Statement 1 is false but Statement 2 is true.
iii) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 can be inferred.
iv) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 cannot be inferred.

(b) In which of the following options can the underlined words be replaced ‘with
despondence’?
i) The man paced about the room showing restlessness.
ii) A chat with a close friend can take away our blues.
iii) I was in jitters, seeing the boy trapped in the trench.
iv) Being dogged is what led him to negotiate the challenges.

(c) Therefore, on every morrow, are we wreathing a flowery band to bind us to the earth –We
tie ourselves to the Earth with _____.
i) life ii) band of flowers
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 iii) gloom iv) beautiful things

(d) Which of the following causes suffering and pain to human beings on earth?
i) Unhealthy and miserable ways ii) Lack of humane qualities
iii) Days that are sad and depressing iv) All of these

(e) Explain-‘in spite of all’.

(f) Which of the following phrases have the poetic device expressed in ‘leaping lizard’?
i) inhuman dearth
ii) gloomy days
iii) over darkened ways
iv) noble natures

Answers
(a) iii) Both statement 1 and Statement 2 can be inferred.
(b) ii) A chat with a close friend can take away our blues
(c) iv) beautiful things.
(d) iv) All of these
(e) In spite of all negative qualities and evils mentioned by the poet can infuse positivity and joy in our lives.
(f) iv) noble natures.

6. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow

Some shape of beauty moves away the pall

From our dark spirits. Such the sun, the moon,
Trees old, and young, sprouting a shady boon.
For simple sheep; and such are daffodils
With the green world they live in; and clear rills
That for themselves a cooling covert make
‘Gainst the hot season; the mid forest brake,
Rich with a sprinkling of fair musk-rose blooms;

(a) Pick the option that matches the words / phrases with the literary device.

Word/ phrase Literary device Word/ phrase Literary device

1. simple sheep A. imagery
2. gloomy days B. metaphor
3. bower quiet C. symbolism
D. transferred epithet

i) 1-C, 2-D, 3-B

ii) 1-B, 2-A, 3-D
iii) 1-D, 2-B, 3-C
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 iv) 1-C, 2-A, 3-B

(b) “In all things of nature there is something marvellous.” According to the poet, what are the
things that have a sublimating effect on the minds of human beings?

(c) ‘From our dark spirits’ in the poem ‘A Thing of Beauty’ implies to___________________

(d) What message does the poem ‘A Thing of Beauty’ convey?

i) Beauty never fades away.
ii) A beautiful thing is a joy forever.
iii) Beauty raises the spirit higher.
iv) All the above

(e) Choose the option that displays the same poetic device as used in the sixth line of the
extract.
(i) I'm as happy as I can be.
(ii) Life is a roller coaster ride.
(iii) Nature is God's gift to us.
(iv) The dazzling divas enchanted all.

(f) What sprouts a shady boon for sheep?

Answers :
(a) i) 1-C, 2-D, 3-B
(b)All beautiful things found in nature, which surround us, have a sublimating effect on our minds,
things like sheep, daffodils, musk roses, streams of water, trees, etc. fill our hearts with joy and
delight. Nature’s beauty is evident in the sun and the moon.
(c) Our dampened and demoralised spirits
(d )(iv) All the above
(e) (iv) The dazzling divas enchanted all.
(f) trees

A ROADSIDE STAND
1. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow
The little old house was out with a little new shed
In front at the edge of the road where the traffic sped,
A roadside stand that too pathetically pled,
It would not be fair to say for a dole of bread,
But for some of the money, the cash, whose flow supports,
The flower of cities from sinking and withering faint.

i. Choose the option that best describes the purpose of making a roadside stand?

1. To extend the existing house.

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 2. To get some money freely.

3. To earn some money.

4. To attract people passing thereby.

ii. The word in the quoted lines that suggests the indifference of the rich city-bound people
towards the poor village folk -----------------

iii. Who are the people referred to in these lines?

iv. “A roadside stand that too pathetically pled”, is an example of the figure of speech ------------
----------

v. On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to 1 and 2 given below.

1. Poor villagers wished for some money in their hands.

2. Poor villagers did not want mercy or charity from others.

Choose the most appropriate option.

(a) 1 is true but 2 is false.

(b) 2 is true but 1 is false.
(c) 2 can be inferred from 1.
(d) Both 1 and 2 can be inferred from the extract.

vi. State whether the statement given is TRUE or FALSE.

‘The flower of cities from sinking and withering faint’. The word ‘flower’ stands for the flowers
used to decorate city stalls.

2. Read the extract given and answer the questions that follow.
The polished traffic passed with a mind ahead,
Or if ever aside a moment, then out of sorts
At having the landscape marred with the artless paint
Of signs that with N turned wrong and S turned wrong
Offered for sale wild berries in wooden quarts,
Or crook-necked golden squash with silver warts,
Or beauty rest in a beautiful mountain scene,
You have the money, but if you want to be mean,
Why keep your money (this crossly) and go along?’

i. Choose the option that displays the same figure of speech as used in the first line of the
extract.

(a) She seems to have an unhappy marriage.

(b) I’m so hungry that I could eat a horse.
(c) I am dying of shame.
(d) They fought like cats and dogs.
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 ii. “Out of sorts” in this context means ----------------------

iii. Find out an example for transferred epithet from the extract.

iv. Answer in ONE phrase.

A Roadside stand in the poem is a/an _____.

v. On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to the two statements
given below.

1. Hardly anyone stops at the roadside stand.

2. Owners of these sheds are money-minded people.

(a) 1 can be inferred from the extract but 2 cannot.

(b) 2 can be inferred from the extract but 1 cannot.
(c) Both 1 and 2 can be inferred from the extract.
(d) 2 is the reason for 1 and can be inferred from the extract.

vi. How do the rich people react to the S and N signs that have been painted wrong?

3. Read the extract given and answer the questions that follow.
It is in the news that all these pitiful kin
Are to be bought out and mercifully gathered in
To live in villages, next to the theatre and the store,
Where they won't have to think for themselves anymore,
While greedy good-doers, beneficent beasts of prey,
Swarm over their lives enforcing benefits

(a) The news of the hour is___________________

i) The people like the farmers will be bought out
ii) They are going to be relocated
iii) They wouldn‘t have to fend for themselves
iv) All the above

(b) What is the tone of the poet in the above lines?

A. Aggressive B. Tolerant C. Sarcastic D. Resigned. E. Sentimental
Choose the most appropriate option:
(i) Only (A) (ii) (B) and (C) (iii) (A), (D) and (E) (iv) Only (C)

(c) Point out the irony in ‘mercifully gathered in’.

(d) Complete the following analogy correctly.

Furrow followed free : alliteration: :............: oxymoron.

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 (e) On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to (1) and (2) given
below:
(1) The politicians are referred as ‘greedy good-doers’.
(2) The politicians have ulterior motives.
(i) (1) is true but (2) is false.
(ii) (2) is true but (1) is false.
(iii) (2) is the reason for (1).
(iv) Both (1) and (2) cannot be inferred from the extract.
(f) Explain why merciful have been called ‘greedy good-doers’ and ‘beneficent beasts of Prey’?

Answers
(a) iv) All the above
(b) (iv) Only (C)
(c) The irony is that the relocation of the country people is disguised as a charitable act but in
reality, it is a very cunning, self-serving and money-making act of the government and the
moneyed people.
(d) beneficent beasts
(e) iii) (2) is the reason for (1).
(f) The merciful are the crooked politicians, greedy people pretending to be good, who only pose
as beneficiaries. These powerful men are actually beasts of prey in the guise of beneficiaries who
ruthlessly exploit the common people.

4. Read the extract given and answer the questions that follow.
The polished traffic passed with a mind ahead,
Or if ever aside a moment, then out of sorts
At having the landscape marred with the artless paint
Of signs that with N turned wrong and S turned wrong
Offered for sale wild berries in wooden quarts.
Or crook-necked golden squash with silver warts,
Or beauty rest in a beautiful mountain scene,
You have the money, but if you want to be mean,
Why keep your money (this crossly) and go along

(a) Polished traffic is an example of………………….

(i) transferred epithet (ii) metaphor (iii) personification (iv) simile

(b) The urban rich feel ___________about the S and N signs that have been painted wrong
i) amused
ii) tolerant
iii) compassionate
iv) annoyed

(c) Name two things that were sold at the roadside stand.

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 (d) ‘Marred with the artless paint’ does not include
i)The rural landscape
ii) The disorganized design of dwellings
iii)The lack of artistic finesse among the rural folk
iv) The dirt that splashes on to the polished and beautiful cars

(e) ‘The urban and educated people have their minds ahead.’
Choose the option suggesting the correct meaning behind this line.
i) The people are well-educated and knowledgeable about the condition of the poor.
ii) The people are concentrating on the road that is ahead in order to drive safely.
iii) The people are preoccupied only by the thoughts of their lives and nothing else.
iv) The people are focused on their goal of bettering the country.

(f) Find word from the stanza which means ’refined’.

Answers
(a) (i) transferred epithet
(b) iv) annoyed
(c) Wild berries and golden squash (gourd)
(d) iv) The dirt that splashes on to the polished and beautiful cars.
(e) iii) The people are preoccupied only by the thoughts of their lives and nothing else.
(f) polished
5. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow:
A roadside stand that too pathetically pled,
It would not be fair to say for a dole of bread,
But for some of the money, the cash, whose
Flow supports
The flower of cities from sinking and withering faint.

i. Why is it unfair to say that these people are begging for a ‘dole of bread’?
A. As they are unreasonably begging for money
B. Because they have something to sell
C. They are beggars
D. As they shamelessly beg for bread.
ii. Identify the phrase from the extract that suggests the following.
The roadside stand owner did not want food.
iii. The poor people look at the city money for their_______________
A. Survival and betterment
B. Sorrow and misery
C. Growth and opportunity
D. Well being

iv. Complete the following analogy correctly.

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 Rhyme scheme: aabc: : Alliteration:______________

v. What is the tone of the poet in the given lines?

A. Sad
B. Nostalgic
C. Despairing
D. Angry
vi. The figure of speech used in last line ‘’the flower of cities from sinking and withering
faint’’ is___________________________

Answers:

i. (B) because they have something to sell

ii. It would not be fair to say for a dole of bread
iii. (A) survival and betterment
iv. Pathetically pled
v. (C) despairing
vi. Metaphor

6. Read the given extract and answer questions that follow:

Offered for sale wild berries in wooden quarts,

Or crook-necked golden squash with silver warts,
Or beauty rest in a beautiful mountain scene,
You have the money, but if you want to be mean,
Why keep your money (crossly) and go along

i. What articles are offered for sale at the stand?

A. Wooden containers of wild berries
B. Golden squash or gourd
C. Paintings of mountain scenery
D. Both (A) and (B)

ii. What does ‘but if you want to be mean, why keep your money and go along’ mean?

A. The city dwellers were mean and insensitive

B. They could not keep their money with them and went along
C. They were so mean that they did not part with them
D. They were mean and insensitive

iii. What do the poor people of the roadside stand feel when city people decline to buy
anything?

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 A. They feel happy and cheerful
B. They feel dejected and angry
C. They feel cheated
D. They feel to have a scuffle with city dwellers

iv. What qualities of the offered articles make them unfit for sale?

A. The articles were wild

B. They lacked polished look
C. They were cheap
D. Both (A) and (B)

v. On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to the two
statements given below:
1. The rural people hoped to earn some money from the roadside stand.
2. For the rural people, the people belonging to the city are mean and miserly.
A. (1) Can be inferred from the extract but (2) cannot.
B. (2) can be inferred from the extract but (1) cannot
C. Both (1) and (2) can be inferred from the extract
D. (2) Is the reason for (1) and can be inferred from the extract.

vi. The peasant’s shed sells locally grown products. (True/False)

Answers:
i. (D) Both (A) and (B)
ii. (D) they were mean and insensitive
iii. (B) they feel dejected and angry
iv. (D) Both (A) and (B)
v. (C) Both (1) and (2) can be inferred from the extract
vi. True

AUNT JENNIFER’S TIGERS

1. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow
“Aunt Jennifer’s tigers prance across a screen
Bright topaz denizens of a world of green.
They do not fear the men beneath the tree;
They pace in sleek chivalric certainty.”

i. The tigers are called ‘Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers because--------------------

ii. “tigers prance across a screen”. Here ‘prance’ means,

(a) to walk up and down in a small area many times

(b) to move quickly with exaggerated steps.
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 (c) move about in a predatory manner.
(d) to walk with long steps in a direction.
iii. State whether the statement given is TRUE or FALSE

“They do not fear the men beneath the tree” implies the contrast that perhaps Aunt Jennifer is afraid
of men.

iv. With which of the options will you match, “chivalric”.

a. patriotic
b. sympathetic towards women
c. honest, brave and fair towards women
d. Rough and tough
v. Do you think that the poet has deliberately chosen the word “denizens”? Why?

vi. The quality of the tiger highlighted by the word, ’sleek’ is ------------------

2. Read the extract given and answer the questions that follow:
When Aunt is dead, her terrified hands will lie
Still ringed with ordeals she was mastered by.
The tigers in the panel that she made
Will go on prancing, proud and unafraid

i. The tigers in the poem symbolize

1. Splendour

2. Strength

3. Threat

4. Ferociousness

(a) 3 and 4
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1 and 2
(d) 2 and 3
ii. The rhyme scheme of the above extract matches with-

a) Fine –dine; give-ride

b) Sea-see; page-sage
c) Case-chase; bear-clear
d) Bell-fell; might-meat
iii. The theme of ‘Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers’ is _____.

iv. State whether the statement given is TRUE or FALSE

The significance of ‘art’ as shown in the poem is that it is a medium for Aunt Jennifer to escape from
the reality

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 v. What expression from the extract tells us that even in death, Aunt Jennifer cannot escape
patriarchal subjugation?

vi. The tigers are pictured as “proud and unafraid” by Aunt Jennifer and this reflects her

3. Read the extract given and answer the questions that follow:
Aunt Jennifer's fingers fluttering through her wool
Find even the ivory needle hard to pull.
The massive weight of Uncle's wedding band
Sits heavily upon Aunt Jennifer's hand.

(a) Identify the phrase from the extract, that suggests the following:
“Aunt Jennifer had no liberty or will of her own.”

(b) Why does she find it difficult to pull her ivory needle?

(c) Describe the irony in the third line.

(d) What is Aunt Jennifer’s mood in the above lines?

i) Aunt Jennifer is in a state of anxiety and nervousness.
ii) Aunt Jennifer is in a state of extreme happiness.
iii) Aunt Jennifer is in a state of confusion.
iv) Aunt Jennifer is in a state of dilemma

(e) Which of the following does NOT represent the contrast between Aunt Jennifer and the
tigers?
i) Uncertainty and confidence
ii) Terror and fearlessness
iii) Fiefdom and freedom
iv) Authority and autonomy

(f) Complete the following analogy correctly.

Fingers fluttering: ………… : : terrified hands: transferred epithet.

Answers
(a) Massive weight of Uncle’s wedding band
(b) She is weak, afraid and has lost confidence in herself
(c) The wedding band is a symbol of conjugal happiness but for Aunt Jennifer, it has become a burden.
(d) i. Aunt Jennifer is in a state of anxiety and nervousness.
(e) iv) Authority and autonomy.
(f) Alliteration
4. Read the extract given and answer the questions that follow:
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 When Aunt is dead, her terrified hands will lie
Still ringed with ordeals she was mastered by.
The tigers in the panel that she made
Will go on prancing, proud and unafraid.
(a) Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the given extract?
i) Aunt Jennifer’s tigers will keep her alive in everyone’s memory.
ii) Aunt Jennifer feels oppressed and constricted in her marriage.
iii) Even in death, Aunt Jennifer cannot escape patriarchal subjugation.
iv) Aunt Jennifer’s tigers prance as a lasting symbol of her desires.

(b) Read the statements given below. Choose the option that accurately describes the given
statements.
Statement (1): The poem is a manifesto against the institution of marriage.
Statement (2): Aunt Jennifer represents all women artists.
Statement (3): The poem embodies an alternative for women to express their repressed
desires through art.
i) Statement (1) is True, Statement (2) is false, Statement (3) cannot be inferred.
ii) Statement (1) and Statement (3) are false, Statement (2) cannot be inferred.
iii) Statement (1) and Statement (2) are True, Statement (3) cannot be inferred.
iv) Statement (1) is false, Statement (2) cannot be inferred, Statement (3) is True.

(c) Choose the option that DOES NOT reflect the movement implied by ‘prancing’.
i) Bounding
ii) Leaping
iii)Strutting
iv) Shuffling

(d) What are the ‘ordeals’ Aunt Jennifer is surrounded by?

(e) Complete the following analogy correctly.

Prancing proud: alliteration: : ……………: pun.

(f) “Turn your pain into art”. It’s a phrase most of us have heard before…
Which of the following represents the meaning associated with the phrase?
i) The oppressive nature of her husband compels her to take up designing on the tapestry.
ii) Her choice of design is reflective of her repressed desires.
iii) She revolts silently in her own way by creating tigers, i. e. through her artistic expression.
iv) All the above.

Answers:
(a) i. Aunt Jennifer’s tigers will keep her alive in everyone’s memory.
(b) ii) Statement (1) and Statement (3) are false, Statement (2) cannot be inferred
(c) iv) Shuffling
(d) The ordeals refer to the responsibilities and duties that Aunt Jennifer has been doing in a patriarchal
society

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(e) ringed
(f) (iv) All the above.

5. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow:

Aunt Jennifer’s tigers prance across a screen

Bright topaz denizens of a world of green.
They do not fear the men beneath the tree;
They pace in sleek chivalric certainty.

i. How are Aunt Jennifer’s tigers described?

1. Bold
2. Fearless
3. Cruel
4. Menacing
5. Noble
6. Slender
A. 1 and 2
B. 2 and 3
C. 3 and 4
D. 5 and 6
ii. Identify the phrase from the extract that suggests the following.
They are yellow coloured inhabitants of forests.
iii. Why are they described as denizens of a world of green?
A. Because they eat the herbivores
B. Because they are green in colour
C. Because they live in dense green forests
D. Because they are bright and beautiful
iv. Complete the following analogy correctly.
Assonance: men beneath the tree:: rhyme scheme:_______________
v. On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to (1) and (2) given
below.
1. Aunt Jennifer is painting her tigers.
2. Aunt Jennifer’s creations reflect her deepest desires.
A. (1) is true but (2) is false
B. (2) is true but (1) is false
C. (2) is the reason for (1)
D. Both (1) and (2) cannot be inferred from the extract.
vi. Complete the sentence appropriately.
The tigers are not afraid of men because_______________________

Answers:
i. (A) 1 and 2
ii. Bright topaz denizens of a world of green

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 iii. (C) because they live in dense green forests
iv. aabb
v. (B) (2) is true but (1) is false
vi. They are bold, fearless and symbol of strength

6. Read the given extract and answer questions that follow: 1x6=6

When aunt is dead,

Her terrified hands will lie
Still ringed with ordeals she was mastered by
The tigers in the panel that she made
Will go on prancing proud and unafraid

I. Read the statement given below.

Aunt Jennifer’s plight is best explained by her hands, they hold both her freedom and the
instrument of her imprisonment.

Choose the option that best explains the above statement as per the extract.

A. Aunt Jennifer’s hands are terrified but when she is dead, her tigers will roam free.
B. Aunt Jennifer knits her desires but is overpowered by the wedding ring she wears.
C. Aunt Jennifer’s tigers are proud and unafraid but she is mastered by ringed ordeals.
D. Aunt Jennifer makes panels of tigers when she has time from her responsibilities.

II. Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the given extract?

A. Aunt Jennifer’s tigers will keep her alive in everyone’s memory.

B. Aunt Jennifer feels oppressed and constricted in her marriage.
C. Even in death, Aunt Jennifer cannot escape patriarchal subjugation.
D. Aunt Jennifer’s tigers prance as a lasting symbol of her desires.

III. What makes the tigers proud and unafraid?

A. They embody the grandeur and supremacy of animals in the wild.

B. They symbolize authority and are ‘topaz denizens of green’.
C. They represent Aunt’s repressed desires for freedom and power.
D. They are a product of Aunt’s imagination and colonial experience.

IV. Identify the figure of speech in ‘terrified hands’.

A. Hyperbole
B. Imagery
C. Transferred epithet
D. Synecdoche

V. On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to the two statements
given below.

1. Aunt Jennifer would not be free even after her death.

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 2. Aunt Jennifer’s desire of freedom would live through her art.

A. (1) can be inferred from the extract but (2) cannot

B. (2) can be inferred from the extract but (1) cannot
C. Both (1) and (2) can be inferred from the extract
D. (2) Is the reason for (1) and can be inferred from the extract.
VI. Aunt Jennifer faced ordeals from the oppressive __________society.

Answers:
i. (B) Aunt Jennifer knits her desires but is overpowered by the wedding ring she wears.
ii. (A) Aunt Jennifer’s tigers will keep her alive in everyone’s memory.
iii. (C) They represent Aunt’s repressed desires for freedom and power.
iv. (C) Transferred epithet
v. (C) Both (1) and (2) can be inferred from the extract
vi. Chauvinistic

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 One Prose extract out of two from the book Vistas
FOR QUESTION NO. 8

The Third Level

Q.1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

Yes, I've taken the obvious step: I talked to a psychiatrist friend of mine, among others. I told him about the
third level at Grand Central Station, and he said it was a waking dream wish fulfillment. He said I was unhappy.
That made my wife kind of mad, but he explained that he meant the modern world is full of insecurity, fear,
war, worry and all the rest of it, and that I just want to escape. Well, who doesn't? Everybody I know wants to
escape, but they don't wander down into any third level at Grand Central Station.

i. Why did the narrator go to a psychiatrist?

a. Because he went through an experience no one else did.

b. Because he wanted to know why he was unhappy.
c. Because he was depressed.
d. Because he wanted to meet him.

ii. What is 'Waking dream wish fulfillment;' according to the psychiatrist?

a. Charley's finding of a third level at the station
b. Charley's realization of his wish to visit Galesburg Illinois
c. Charley's escaping into his daydreaming everyday
d. Charley's post stamp collecting habit

iii. What was the third level?

a. the third platform on the station
b. the third storey on the station
c. A level in the game that Charley had been playing.
d. None of the above
iv. What does the psychiatrist explain to Charley?
a. That the modern world is not an ideal one.
b. That the modern world has many mysteries.
c. That the third level is just a movie.
d. That it was the result of stress and anxiety of his mind.

Q.2. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

For just a moment I thought I was back on the second level, but I saw the room was smaller, there were fewer
ticket windows and train gates, and the information booth in the centre was wood and old looking. And the

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man in the booth wore a green eyeshade and long black sleeve protectors. The lights were dim and sort of
flickering. Then I saw why; they were open-flame gaslights.

i. What is an eyeshade?

a. Visor
b. hat
c. eye shadow
d. None of these

ii. What is ‘flickering’?

a. Move back and forth rapidly

b. Shine unsteadily
c. Flash intermittently
d. All of these

iii. What is Charley talking about?

a .The first level

b. The second level
c. The third level
d. None of these

iv. Where did Charley want to go?

a. Illinois
b. Galesburg
c. New York
d. Gabba

Q.3. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

He said I was unhappy. That made my wife kind of mad, but he explained that he meant the modern world
is full of insecurity, fear, war, worry and all the rest of it, and that I just want to escape. Well, who doesn’t?
Everybody I know wants to escape, but they don’t wander down into any third level at Grand Central Station.
But that’s the reason, he said, and my friends all agreed. Everything points to it, they claimed. My stamp
collecting, for example; that’s a ‘temporary refuge from reality.’ Well, maybe, but my grandfather didn’t
need any refuge from reality; things were pretty nice and peaceful in his day.

i) Why did Sam’s verdict make Charley’s wife ‘mad’?

a) It made it difficult for her to accept that Charley would consult a psychiatrist.
b) It seemed to suggest to her that she was the cause of ‘unhappiness’.
c) It made her aware of Charley’s delicate state of mind.
d) It offended her that Charley and Sam collectively accused her.

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 ii) Select the option that signifies the condition of the people of ‘modern world’ mentioned in
the extract.
1) unsure
2) lazy
3) offensive
4) anxious
5) afraid
a) 1) and 3)
b) 2) and 5)
c) 2), 3) and 4)
d) 1), 4) and 5)

iii) Why didn’t Charley’s grandfather need refuge from reality?

iv) Select the option that displays a cause-effect set.

Q.4. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

I’ve been in and out of Grand Central hundreds of times, but I’m always bumping into new doorways and
stairs and corridors. Once I got into a tunnel about a mile long and came out in the lobby of the Roosevelt
Hotel. Another time I came up in an office building on Forty-sixth Street, three blocks away. Sometimes I
think Grand Central is growing like a tree, pushing out new corridors and staircases like roots. There’s
probably a long tunnel that nobody knows about feeling its way under the city right now, on its way to Times
Square, and maybe another to Central Park. And maybe — because for so many people through the years
Grand Central has been an exit, a way of escape — maybe that’s how the tunnel I got into...

i) Which literary device is used in ‘Grand Central Station growing like a tree’?

Ans: simile

ii) What does the narrator mean by ‘Grand Central has been an exit’?
a) People get lost in it.
b) People want to escape through Grand Central Station.
c) People need excuses to go to Grand Central Station.
d) It is the best mode to reach the underground tunnel.

iii) Which word from the extract means ‘collide with force’?
Ans: bump into

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 iv) According to the above extract, what could be the reason behind Charley’s getting into the
tunnel and finding the third level?

The Tiger King

Q.1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

Everyone stood transfixed in stupefaction. They looked wildly at each other and blinked. "O wise
prophets! It was I who spoke." This time there were no grounds for doubt. It was the infant born just
ten days ago who had enunciated the words so clearly. The chief astrologer took off his spectacles
and gazed intently at the baby. "All those who are born will one day have to die. We don't need your
predictions to know that. There would be some sense in it if you could tell us the manner of that
death," the royal infant uttered these words in his little squeaky voice.

i. Who is 'I' in these lines?

a. The Tiger King

b. the prophet
c. The tiger king's father
d. The Tiger King's wife

ii. Who spoke at the age of 10 days?

a. The Tiger King

b. Dr. Sadao
c. Evans
d. Jack

iii. What did the royal infant want to know?

a. The exact manner of his marriage

b. The exact manner of his death
c. The exact manner of his sitting on his throne
d. The exact manner of his life

iv. Find out the synonym of 'utter' from the following.

a. to speak
b. to express
c. to let out
d. All of these

Q.2. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

Crown prince Jung Jung Bahadur grew taller and stronger day by day. No other miracle marked his
childhood days apart from the event already described. The boy drank the milk of an English cow, was
brought up by an English nanny, tutored in English by an Englishman, saw nothing but English films –
exactly as the crown princes of all the other Indian states did. When he came of age at twenty, the State,
which had been with the Court of Wards until then, came into his hands.

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 i. How was the Tiger King brought up?

a. By royally
b. By penury
c. Beggarly
d. None of these

ii. What is nanny?

a. Nurse
b. Nursemaid
c. Custodian of a child
d. None of these

iii. At what age was he handed in throne?

a. 10 Years
b. 15 Years
c. 10 Years
d. 20 Years

iv. What is court of wards?

a. A legal body created by East India Company

b. An illegal body created by East India Comy
c. A neutral body created by East India Company
d. None of these

Q.3. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

“The child will grow up to become the warrior of warriors, hero of heroes, champion of champions. But...”
they bit their lips and swallowed hard. When compelled to continue, the astrologers came out with it. “This
is a secret which should not be revealed at all. And yet we are forced to speak out. The child born under
this star will one day have to meet its death.”

i) Who is the child in the above lines?

Ans: the tiger king

ii) What does the narrator mean by the phrase ‘bit their lips?’
a) They hesitated
b) They spoke confidently
c) They replied angrily
d) They replied happily

iii) Find out a word in the above extract which means the same as ‘uncover’
Ans: reveal

iv) Which line is humorous? Explain.

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Q.4. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

Thus, the Maharaja was sunk in gloom. But soon came the happy news which dispelled that gloom. In his
own state sheep began to disappear frequently from a hillside village. It was first ascertained that this was
not the work of Khader Mian Saheb or Virasami Naicker, both famed for their ability to swallow sheep
whole. Surely, a tiger was at work. The villagers ran to inform the Maharaja. The Maharaja announced a
three-year exemption from all taxes for that village and set out on the hunt at once.

i) What made the Maharaja depressed?

ii) When was it confirmed that the tiger was killing the sheep?

iii) Why did the Maharaja announce an exemption from all taxes?
a) For he was getting married
b) For he had found the last tiger
c) For he had got the news of the last tiger
d) For he had been blessed with a child.

iv) Find a word from the extract whose antonym is ‘to assemble’.

Journey to the End of the Earth

Q.1. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

Early this year, I found myself aboard a Russian research vessel the Akademik Shokalskiy heading towards
the coldest, driest, windiest continent in the world: Antarctica. My journey began 13.09 degrees north of the
Equator in Madras, and involved crossing nine time zones, six checkpoints, three bodies of water, and at least
as many ecospheres.

i. Name the chapter.

a. Evans Tries an O Level
b. Memories of Childhood
c. The Tiger King
d. Journey to the End of the Earth

ii. Who is 'I' in the above lines?

a. Tishani Doshi
b. Kalki
c. Pearl S Buck
d. William Saroyan
iii. What was Akademik Shokalskiy?
a. A Boat
b. A Canoe
c. A yacht
d. A ship
iv. Where was the narrator travelling to?

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 a. Amsterdam
b. Antarctica
c. Australia
d. America

Q.2. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

Early this year, I found myself aboard a Russian research vessel – the Akademik Shokalskiy — heading
towards the coldest, driest, windiest continent in the world: Antarctica. My journey began 13.09 degrees north
of the Equator in Madras, and involved crossing nine time zones, six checkpoints, three bodies of water, and
at least as many ecospheres. By the time I actually set foot on the Antarctic continent I had been travelling
over 100 hours in a combination of a car, an aeroplane and a ship; so, my first emotion on facing Antarctica's
expansive white landscape and the uninterrupted blue horizon was a relief, followed up with an immediate
and profound wonder. Wonder at its immensity, its isolation, but mainly at how there could ever have been a
time when India and Antarctica were part of the same landmass.

i. What were the writer's feelings on reaching the continent?

a. of relief and amazement
b. tired and fatigued
c. sad
d. none
ii. The word 'isolation' means
a. separation
b. society
c. company
d. connection
iii. What kind of atmosphere does Antarctica have?
a. coldest
b. driest
c. Windiest
d. All these
iv. Find out the word from the above passage which means ‘part of the Earth's environment in
which living organisms are found'.
Ecosphere

Q.3. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

By the time I actually set foot on the Antarctic continent I had been travelling over 100 hours in combination
of a car, an aeroplane and a ship; so, my first emotion on facing Antarctica’s expansive white landscape and
uninterrupted blue horizon was relief, followed up with an immediate and profound wonder. Wonder at its
immensity, its isolation, but mainly at how there could ever have been a time when India and Antarctica were
part of the same landmass.

i) What do you mean by the horizon?

a) The apparent boundary between the sky and the earth.

b) The apparent boundary between the sky and the solar system.
c) Both A and B
D) None of these

ii) When they arrived in Antarctica, what feelings did the narrator experience?
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 iii) What were the factors causing ‘wonder’ on reaching Antarctica?

iv) Which word in the extract is opposite in meaning to the word ‘isolation’?

Q.4. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

Students on Ice, the programme I was working with on the Shokalskiy, aims to do exactly this by taking high
school students to the ends of the world and providing them with inspiring educational opportunities which
will help them foster a new understanding and respect for our planet. It’s been in operation for six years now,
headed by Canadian Geoff Green, who got tired of carting celebrities and retired, rich, curiosity-seekers who
could only ‘give’ back in a limited way. With Students on Ice, he offers the future generation of policy-
makers a life-changing experience at an age when they’re ready to absorb, learn, and most importantly, act.

i) Complete the sentence appropriately, with reference to the extract. The writer refers to the
educational opportunities as ‘inspiring’ because……..

ii) Which of the following would NOT be a ‘life changing experience’?

a) Being given a lead role in a play.

b) Going on an adventure trip.
c) Playing a video game.
d) Meeting a great leader whom you admire.

iii) Why does the writer refer to ‘act’ as more important than ‘absorb’ or ‘learn’?

iv) Find a phrase from the extract which means the same as ‘to return something to its owner’

THE ENEMY (PEARL S BUCK)

Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

Sadao had taken this into his mind as he did everything his father said, his father who never joked or played
with him but who spent infinite pains upon him who was his only son. Sadao knew that his education was
his father’s chief concern. For this reason he had been sent at twenty-two to America to learn all that could
be learned of surgery and medicine. He had come back at thirty, and before his father died he had seen Sadao
become famous not only as a surgeon but as a scientist. Because he was perfecting a discovery which would
render wounds entirely clean, he had not been sent abroad with the troops. Also, he knew, there was some
slight danger that the old General might need an operation for a condition for which he was now being treated
medically, and for this possibility Sadao was being kept in Japan.

i) What does the author mean by ‘perfecting a discovery’?

a) Honing the discovery

b) Making the discovery perfect
c) Making himself perfect
d) Both A and B

ii) Why was Dr. Sadao never sent abroad with the troops?

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 iii) What does the word ‘troops’ mean?
a) Group of Soldiers
b) Group of Generals
c) Group of Brigadiers
d) Group of Commanders

iv) What was the effect of Sadao’s father’s chief concern being his education?

Q.2. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

The two servants were frightened at what their master had just told them. The old gardener, who was also a
house servant, pulled the few hairs on his upper lip. “The master ought not to heal the wound of this white
man,” he said bluntly to Hana. “The white man ought to die. First he was shot. Then the sea caught him and
wounded him with her rocks. If the master heals what the gun did and what the sea did they will take revenge
on us.” “I will tell him what you say,” Hana replied courteously.

i) What does the speaker mean by ‘pulled the few hairs on his upper lip’?
a) that he was worried
b) that he was baffled
c) that he was perplexed
d) All of these
ii) What do you learn about the gardener from his reaction?

iii) Why were the servants afraid?

iv) According to the gardener, what was the reason behind taking revenge on them?

ON THE FACE OF IT (SUSAN HILL)

Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

You think.... ‘Here’s a boy.’ You look at me...and then you see my face and you think. ‘That’s bad. That’s a
terrible thing. That’s the ugliest thing I ever saw.’ You think, ‘Poor boy.’ But I’m not. Not poor. Underneath,
you are afraid. Anybody would be. I am. When I look in the mirror, and see it, I’m afraid of me.

i) Why does Derry not want to be called ‘poor’?

a) for he was rich
b) for he was well off
c) for he had ample resources to earn
d) none of these

ii) According to Derry, why is everyone afraid of him?

iii) What is Derry’s state of mind in the above lines?

a) Happy, excited
b) Irritated, complaining
c) eager, curious
d) sympathetic, kind

iv) Who is Derry talking to?

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Q.2. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

MR LAMB: Some call them weeds. If you like, then....a weed garden. There’s fruit and there are
flowers, and trees and herbs. All sorts. But over there....weeds. I grow weeds there. Why is one
green, growing plant called a weed and another ‘flower’? Where’s the difference. It’s all life....
growing. Same as you and me.

i) What are weeds?

a) Unwanted plants
b) Medicinal plants
c) Wild trees
d) Useful flowers

ii) What is the difference between weeds and flowers according to Mr. Lamb?

iii) What does the speaker mean by ‘all sorts’?

a) All flowers
b) All weeds
c) All kinds
d) All of these

iv) Why do you think Mr. Lamb gave the comparison/example of weed and flower?

MEMORIES OF CHILDHOOD (ZITKALASA and BAMA)

Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

A paleface woman, with white hair, came up after us. We were placed in a line of girls who were marching
into the dining room. These were Indian girls, in stiff shoes and closely clinging dresses. The small girls
wore sleeved aprons and shingled hair. As I walked noiselessly in my soft moccasins, I felt like sinking to
the floor, for my blanket had been stripped from my shoulders. I looked hard at the Indian girls, who seemed
not to care that they were even more immodestly dressed than I, in their tightly fitting clothes. While we
marched in, the boys entered at an opposite door. I watched for the three young braves who came in our
party. I spied them in the rear ranks, looking as uncomfortable as I felt.

i) Who has been referred to as a paleface women?

a) Her Teacher
b) Her Warden
c) Her Mother
d) Her Principal

ii) What was the mental state of the author in the new school?
a) Comfortable
b) Uncomfortable
c) Relieved
d) Ecstatic

iii) Who had worn shingled hair?

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 iv) Which word in the extract mean the same as ‘indecently’?

Q.2. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

After I had watched all this, at last I went home. My elder brother was there. I told him the story in all its
comic detail. I fell about with laughter at the memory of a big man, and an elder at that, making such a game
out of carrying the parcel. But Annan was not amused. Annan told me the man wasn’t being funny when he
carried the package like that. He said everybody believed that they were upper caste and therefore must not
touch us. If they did, they would be polluted. That’s why he had to carry the package by its string.

i) Why was Annan not amused?

a) For he knew the reality
b) For he was not interested
c) For he was not there
d) None of these

ii) Why was the elderly man carrying the packet with a string?

iii) How did the author tell this incident to her brother?
a) in a sad manner
b) in a comical manner
c) in a criticising way
d) in a sarcastic way

iv) What would have happened if the elderly man had touched the packet?

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 One Prose extract out of two from the book Flamingo

FOR QUESTION: 9

The Last Lesson

Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

Then, from one thing to another, M. Hamel went on to talk of the French language, saying that it was the most
beautiful language in the world — the clearest, the most logical; that we must guard it among us and never
forget it, because when a people are enslaved, as long as they hold fast to their language it is as if they had the
key to their prison. Then he opened a grammar and read us our lesson I was amazed to see how well I
understood it. All he said seemed so easy, so easy!

1. Which of the following can be attributed to M. Hamel’s declaration about the French
Language?

A. Subject expertise
B. Patriotic magnification
C. Nostalgic pride
D. Factual Accuracy
2. Complete the sentence appropriately.
The phrase "hold on" suggests that ____________

3.” I was amazed to see how well I understood it.” Select the option that does NOT explain why
Franz found the grammar lesson ‘easy.

A. Franz was paying careful attention in class this time.

B. M. Hamel was being extremely patient and calm in his teaching.
C. Franz was inspired and had found a new meaning and purpose to learning.
D. Franz had realised that French was the clearest and most logical language.
4. Identify the tone of the given extract.

A. Persuasive
B. Pessimistic
C. Pragmatic
D. Pensive
5. Franz was able to understand the grammar lesson because he was ……………

A. competitive
B. appreciative
C. introspective
D. receptive
6. Read the quotes given below and choose the option that might best describe M. Hamel’s view
point.

(i) Those who know nothing of foreign languages know nothing of their own. Johann
Wolfgang Goethe

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 (ii) “Language is the roadmap of a culture. It tells you where its people come from and where
they are going.” Rita Mae Brown

(iii) A poor man is like a foreigner in his own country.” Abi Ibn Abi Talib

(iv) “The greatest propaganda in the world is our mother tongue, that is what we learn as
children, and which we learn unconsciously. That shapes our perceptions for life.” Marshal
McLuhan.

A. Option (i)
B. Option (ii)
C. Option (iii)
D. Option (iv)

Q.2. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

“While I was wondering about it all, M. Hamel mounted his chair, and, in the same grave and gentle tone
which he had used to me, said, “My children, this is the last lesson I shall give you. The order has come
from Berlin to teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine. The new master comes tomorrow.
This is your last French lesson. I want you to be very attentive.”

1. List any two sensory details present in this extract.

2. Complete the sentence appropriately.

This is your last French lesson. The word lesson is used here to denote …..

3. What was the order that came from Berlin?

A. To teach only French in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine.

B. To teach only German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine.
C. To teach both French and German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine.
D. To teach neither French nor German in the schools of Alsace and Lorraine.
4. What was the tone that M. Hamel used to address the students in the given extract?

5. How did the narrator feel when he heard M. Hamel’s announcement?

A. Angry and fearful

B. Sad and surprised
C. Shocked and sad
D. Angry and Disgusted
6. Which narrative style is used in ‘Last Lesson’?

A. Stream of consciousness
B. Magical realism
C. Third Person
D. First person

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 LOST SPRING

Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

“Saheb left his home long ago. Set amidst the green fields of Dhaka, his home is not even a distant memory.
There were many storms that swept away their fields and homes, his mother tells him.” That’s why they left,
looking for gold in the big city where he now lives.

1. ‘They’ in the extract refers to …………………….

2. What is the central theme of the story Lost Spring?

A. The plight of street children forced into labour
B. Rag pickers and garbage
C. Story of Saheb and Mukesh
D.Lost Spring season

3. ‘Garbage to them is gold’. Identify the literary device used here.

A. Simile
B. Hyperbole
C. Metaphor
D. Personification
4. What is the metaphorical symbol of Seemapuri in the lesson?
A. Poverty
B. Exploitation
C. A little hell
D. Name of a place
5. Choose the word which is an antonym of, ‘amidst’ in the extract.
A. between B. among
C. betwixt D. beyond.

6 . Where was Saheb employed towards the end of his story?

A. At a tea stall
B. At a bangle shop
C. At a sweet shop
D. None of the above

Q.2. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

“I will learn to drive a car,” he answers, looking straight into my eyes. His dream looms like a mirage amidst
the dust of streets that fill his town Firozabad, famous for its bangles. Every other family in Firozabad is
engaged in making bangles. It is the centre of India’s glass-blowing industry where families have spent
generations working around furnaces, welding glass, making bangles for all the women in the land it seems.

1. How is Mukesh different from other bangle makers?

A. He wants to open a tea stall

B. He wants to be his own master.
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 C. He wants to be a bangle maker
D. He wants to drive a car
2. The word ‘mirage’ in the extract means ……………..

3. What is Mukesh s attitude towards life?

A. Neutral
B. Negative
C. Positive
D. Sikken
3. What are the reasons for the migration of people from villages to city in the lesson?

A. Poverty
B. Sweeping of houses and fields by storms
C. lack of employment
D. All the above

4. Identify the literary device used in the given phrase.

‘Web of poverty’.

5. What makes the working conditions of the children worst in the glass industry?

A. Dark dingy cells without light and air

B. Sparking of welding light
C. High temperature
D. All of these
6. This story is an excerpt from the book …………………………. by Anees Jung.

DEEP WATER

Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow.

It had happened when I was ten or eleven years old. I had decided to learn to swim. There was a pool at the
Y.M.C.A. in Yakima that offered exactly the opportunity. The Yakima River was treacherous. Mother
continually warned against it, and kept fresh in my mind the details of each drowning in the river. But the
Y.M.C.A. pool was safe. It was only two or three feet deep at the shallow end; and while it was nine feet deep
at the other, the drop was gradual. I got a pair of water wings and went to the pool. I hated to walk naked into
it and show my skinny legs. But I subdued my pride and did it.

1.The word 'treacherous' means …………………….

2. What is the theme of the lesson ‘Deep Water’.

A. Understanding another person’s experience.

B. A real-life personal account of experiencing fear and the steps taken to overcome it.
C. Sharing personal experiences.
D. Sharing accounts of acts of courage
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 3. ‘The curtain of life fell '. Corresponds to an aspect of ………
A. Geometry
B. History
C. Sports
D. Drama
4. If someone else had narrated Douglas’s experience, how would it have differed from this
account? Which style of narration would you consider to be more suitable?

A. Stream of consciousness
B. Magical realism
C. Third Person
D. First person
5. Identify the line from the text that bears evidence to the fact that the Yakima was
treacherous.

6. Which of the following sub title best suggests the central idea of the extract.

A. Near death experience

B. Discovery of love of water
C. Learning to swim- the beginning
D. Courageous Escape

Q.2. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow

The instructor put a belt around me. A rope attached to the belt went through a pulley that ran on an overhead
cable. He held on to the end of the rope, and we went back and forth, back and forth across the pool, hour after
hour, day after day, week after week. On each trip across the pool a bit of the panic seized me. Each time the
instructor relaxed his hold on the rope and I went under, some of the old terror returned and my legs froze. It
was three months before the tension began to slack.

1.What does the phrase ‘back and forth ‘mean?

A. moving from one place to another

B. to and fro
C. backward and forward
D. All of these
2. Statement 1. The instructor had finished his training.

Statement 2. The author was not confident on whether the fear of drowning had left him or
not.

A. Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false.

B. Statement 1 is false and statement 2 is true.
C. Both the statements are correct.
D. Both the statements are wrong.
3. What can be inferred from the lines “we went back and forth, back and forth across the
pool, hour after hour, day after day, week after week”?

The author’s ……………………

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 A. judgement
B. skill
C. competency
D. perseverance
4. Identify the line from the text that bears evidence to the fact that the writer was not fully
recovered from the fear of water.

5. Identify the literary genre of the book ‘Of Men and Mountains’

A. Science Fiction
B. Romance
C. Autobiography
d. Biography
6. The extract given above is a first-person narration of personal experience. Who is the narrator of
the extract?

THE RATTRAP

Q.1. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow

He made them himself at odd moments, from the material he got by begging in the stores or at the big farms.
But even so, the business was not especially profitable, so he had to resort to both begging and petty thievery
to keep body and soul together. Even so, his clothes were in rags, his cheeks were sunken, and hunger gleamed
in his eyes.

No one can imagine how sad and monotonous life can appear to such a vagabond, who plods along the road,
left to his own meditations.

1. Complete the sentence appropriately.

The phrase "to keep the body and soul together” suggests that ____________.

2. Which literary device has been used in ‘This world is nothing but a Rat trap’.

A. Metaphor

B. Simile

C. Personification

D. Hyperbole

3. Pick evidence from the extract that helps one infer that the vagabond was a person of low
character.

4.‘But even so, the business was not especially profitable’. What is the business mentioned
here?

5. The theme of the story, Rat trap is …………………….

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 i. Running a profitable business

ii. The human tendency to redeem oneself from dishonest ways.

iii. About the sad and monotonous life of the vagabond.

iv. The trap of material benefit that most human beings are prone to fall into.

A. Option i

B. Option ii

C. Option ii and iii

D. Option ii and iv

6. Selma Lagerlof uses a lot of sensory details to create a vivid image of the vagabond.

Identify the visual details in the given extract.

Q.2. Read the given extract and answer the questions that follow

“Honoured and noble Miss, “Since you have been so nice to me all day long, as if I was a captain, I want to
be nice to you, in return, as if I was a real captain — for I do not want you to be embarrassed at this Christmas
season by a thief; but you can give back the money to the old man on the roadside, who has the money pouch
hanging on the window frame as a bait for poor wanderers. “The rattrap is a Christmas present from a rat who
would have been caught in this world’s rattrap if he had not been raised to captain, because in that way he got
power to clear himself. “Written with friendship and high regard, “Captain von Stahle.”

1. Which of the following cannot be attributed to the peddler according to the extract given
above?
A. Indebtedness
B. reform
C. self pity
D. self awareness

2. How would you characterize the mood of the extract?

A. Optimistic and hopeful

B. Mysterious and restful
C. ominous and despairing
D. thoughtful and anguished

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 3. Why did the peddler gift a rat trap as a Christmas Present?

4. ‘You can give back the money to the old man on the roadside’. The old man referred here is
………………….

A. Captain von Stahle

B. Crofter
C. Nils Olof
D. Mr. Willmansson
5. Why did the peddler refer himself as a captain?

A. Because he was a captain in reality

B. Because he was disregarded as a captain
C. Because he was regarded as a captain.
D. Because he was not a captain in reality
6. The communication made in the extract includes ………………

i. a promise
ii. regret
iii. an apology
iv. shame
A. Option 4
B. Option 2
C. Options 1 and 3
D. Options 1 and 4

INDIGO
1. Read the extract given below and answer the questions.

“Gandhi chided the lawyers for collecting big fee from the sharecroppers. He said, “I have come to the
conclusion that we should stop going to law courts. Taking such cases to the court does little good. Where the
peasants are so crushed and fear-stricken, law courts are useless. The real relief for them is to be free from
fear”. Most of the arable land in the Champaran district was divided into large estates owned by Englishmen
and worked by Indian tenants. The chief commercial crop was indigo. The landlords compelled all tenants to
plant three twentieths or 15 per cent of their holdings with indigo and surrender the entire indigo harvest as
rent. This was done by long-term contract.”

1. Select the option that completes the given sentence appropriately.

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 The solution suggested by the speaker was……

(a) To make peasants fearful (b) To make peasants fearless

(c) To suppress them (d) To ask tax from them

Ans: b. To make peasants fearless.

2. Select the suitable word from the extract to complete the following analogy.

Gandhi: Lawyer:: Indigo:_______

Ans: Gandhi is a lawyer so indigo is a plant

3. Select the correct option to fill in the blank.

The peasants are crushed by……..

(a) British men

(b) Indians
(c) Indigo
(d) Synthetic Indigo
Ans: a. British men.

4) Based on the above extract, choose the statement that is TRUE for Gandhi.

(a) Gandhi was a lawyer and chided them for collecting big fee from the sharecroppers.
(b) Gandhi was a lawyer and took a huge amount from them.
(c) Gandhi’s favourite crop was Indigo.
(d) Gandhi fought for feminism.
Ans: a. Gandhi was a lawyer and chided them for collecting big fee from the sharecroppers.

5.)Who is the speaker in the given extract?

Ans: Gandhiji

6) Complete the sentence with an appropriate explanation, as per the extract. The law courts are
useless where there are………………

Ans: people who are fear stricken

2. Read the passages and answer the questions that follow :

"lt was an extraordinary thing in those days,"Gandhi commented,"for a government professor to

harbour a man like me."

1. Name the government professor mentioned above……………

Ans: Professor Malkani
2. Why were people afraid to harbour a man like Gandhi? Choose the incorrect
option
i) Because they were scared of lawyers
ii) Because he was advocating home rule
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 iii) Because he was not supporting the British Govt.
iv) As peasants feared that their land would be forcefully taken away.
3. Gandhiji described it as an extraordinary thing because ..........
i) peasants were grief-stricken and wanted justice.
ii) lawyers demanded high fees for such a case
iii) first time large number of people gathered openly to support him
iv) British officers were reluctant to budge from their orders.

4. Gandhi arrived in Muzaffarpur to find out .....

i) The complete information about the conditions of peasants.
ii) How the lawyers represented the case of peasants
iii) How much fees the lawyers charged from peasants.
iv) How he could stop the lawyers from going to court.

5. The tone of Gandhiji in the above comment was ------------------------

i) Criticizing ii) prejudiced
iii) benevolent iv) admiring.

6.What does “it” refers to in the above passage ?

Ans: supporting a patriot

POETS AND PANCAKES

1. Read the extract given below and answer the questions.

“A girl from the countryside, she hadn’t gone through all the stages of worldly experience that generally,
precede a position of importance and sophistication that she had found herself catapulted into. She never quite
recovered from the terror she felt that day. That was the end of a brief and brilliant acting career — the legal
adviser, who was also a member of the Story Department, had unwittingly brought about that sad end. While
every other member of the Department wore a kind of uniform — khadi dhoti with a slightly oversized and
clumsily tailored white khadi shirt — the legal adviser wore pants and a tie and sometimes a coat that looked
like a coat of mail. Often, he looked alone and helpless …”

1. Select the option that completes the given sentence appropriately.

‘Stages of worldly experience’ in the given context would refer to …….

a. good education to gain knowledge.

b. situations that require one to be street smart.
c. smaller, not so important roles in acting.
d. training in soft skills.
Ans: b. situations that require one to be street smart.

2. Select the suitable word from the extract to complete the following analogy:

sealed: closed :: propelled:----------

Ans: Catapulted

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 3. The harm done to the actress was a/an…….

a. well-planned act. b. unintentional act.

c. act of jealousy. d. act of male dominance

Ans: b. unintentional act

4. Based on the above extract, choose the statement that is TRUE for the legal adviser.

a. He disliked the actress from the countryside.

b. He acted after thinking through things carefully.
c. He did not gel well with others in the Department.
d. He was always dressed smartly.
Ans: c. He did not gel well with others in the Department.

5. Identify the textual clue that allows the reader to infer that

the writer is sympathetic towards the professional fate of the actor. (Clue: a phrase)

Ans: sad end

6. Complete the sentence with an appropriate explanation, as per the extract.

The writer uses the word ‘uniform’ to refer to the outfits of the Department members because just like
a uniform...

Ans:... is a common dress code for all, similarly, their apparel/ dress was nearly the same -
loose khadi shirt and khadi dhoti.

2. Read the extract given below and answer the questions.

“The boy in the make-up department had decided I should be enlightened on how great literary talent was
being allowed to go waste in a department fit only for barbers and perverse. Soon I was praying for crowd
shooting all the time. Nothing short of it could save me from his epics.”

1. Who does ‘I’ refer to in the above lines?

a. Asokamitran, the author of ‘Poets and Pancakes’

b. Asokamitran of the Gemini Studios
c. An office boy of the Gemini Studios
d. The Maharashtrian head of the Gemini Studios
Ans: a. Asokamitran, the author of ‘Poets and Pancakes’

2. Who is the ‘boy’ referred to here?

a. Office boy
b. Subbu
c. Stephen Spender

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 d. Mr. Vasan
Ans: a. Office boy

3. How would the ‘boy’ enlighten ‘I’?

a. To give vent to his frustration

b. To impress upon him that a great talent remained untapped
c. To convey him that his talent was being wasted
d. All of these
Ans: d. All of these

4. What prayer he used to make?

Ans: prayed for crowd shooting

5. Why he used to make that prayer?

Ans: wanted to be enlightened with literary talent

6. What did the office boy do all day long?

Ans: Complain about his problems

3. Read the passages and answer the questions given below:

“ln those days I worked in a cubicle, two whole sides of which were French windows. (I didn't know
at that time they were called French windows.) Seeing me sitting at my desk tearing up newspapers'
day in and day out,most people thought I was doing next to nothing. It is likely that the Boss thought
like wise too. So, anyone who felt I should be given some occupation would barge into my cubicle and
deliver an extended lecture. The 'boy' in the make-up department had decided I should be enlightened
on how great literary talent was being allowed to go waste in a department fit only for barbers and
perverts.”

1. 'I' in the first line stands for

(i)Legal advisor (ii) Kothamangalam Subbu

(iii)Office boy (iv) author

2.'The Boss thought likewise too 'implies that the author .........
(i)Also thought that he was industrious
(ii) never doubted his capability
(iii) had unflinching trust in him
(iv ) was doing almost nothing

3.The boy in the make-up room felt disappointed because ........

i) He aspired to become an actor/scriptwriter but was enrolled in make up department
ii) His talent was going wasted
iii) He was involved in too many trivial jobs
iv)both (i) and (ii)

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 4.The job of the author was to……………….
Ans: to cut the newspaper clippings

5.Which studio is mentioned in the above extact ?

Ans: Gemini studio

6. Find out the phrase from the extract which means “ to intrude”.
Ans: barge into

Answer:1(iv),2(iii),3(iv),4. cut news paper clippings.5.Gemini studio.6.barge into

THE INTERVIEW

1. Read the extract given below and answer the questions.

“Some might make quite extravagant claims for it as being, in its highest form, a source of truth, and, in its
practice, an art. Others, usually celebrities who see themselves as its victims, might despise the interview as
an unwarranted intrusion into their lives, or feel that it somehow diminishes them, just as in some primitive
cultures it is believed that if one takes a photographic portrait of somebody then one is stealing that Person’s
soul.”

1. What is the most likely reason some people consider the practice of interview to be an art.

This could be because it requires ................

a. fluency of words. b. sensitive and careful handling.

c. creativity and imagination. d. probing and focusing on details.

Ans: C. creativity and imagination

2. Rewrite the sentence by replacing the underlined phrase with its inference.

Celebrities feel that an interview diminishes them.

Ans: Celebrities feel that an interview makes them appear ordinary.

3) On the basis of the extract, choose the correct option with reference to the two statements
given below.

(1) Celebrities don’t consent to be interviewed.

(2) Interviews intrude the privacy of celebrities

a. (1) Can be inferred from the extract but (2) cannot.

b. (1) cannot be inferred from the extract but (2) can.
c. (1) is true but (2) is false.
d. (2) is the reason for (1)
Ans: d. (2) is the reason for (1).

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 4) Rationalize, to support the given opinion:

To say that an interview, in its highest form, is a source of truth, is an extravagant claim.........

Ans: It is an extravagant claim as an interview cannot be a source of truth due to the following

Interview may be scripted OR People may make false statements OR Certain questions may be left
unanswered

5) Replace the underlined word with its antonym from the extract.

Some celebrities hate the idea of having to give an interview because it makes them feel like supporters.

Ans: Victims

6) The author’s views on interview, in the extract, can best be described as statements based on.

a. facts
b. hypothesis
c. beliefs
d. superstitious

Ans: a. facts

2. Read the passages and answer the questions given below:

“So it is hardly surprising that opinions of the interview –of its functions, methods and merits vary considerably.
Some might make quite extravagant claims for it as being, in its highest form, a source of truth and in practice
an art. Others usually celebrities who see themselves as victims might despise the interview as an unwarranted
intrusion into their lives or feel that it somehow diminishes them, just as in some primitive cultures. It is believed
that if one takes a photographic portrait of somebody then one is stealing that person’s soul.”

1. One inevitable part of the journalism is --------------

i) article writing ii) photography iii) Interviews IV) news

2. The matter of surprize here is that what varies are ………….

i) opinions of the interviewee

ii) The celebrity interviews
iii) The literature people who read interviews
iv)The number of interviews taken
3. Claims made by some people regarding interviews here are that ………

i) This is the best way to extract truth.

ii) This way celebrities listen to media
iii) This is the easiest way to communicate.
iv) It is the best practice.

4. The line “if one takes a photographic portrait of somebody then one is stealing that persons
soul” means……
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 i) photogenic face of photographs .
ii) stealing a potrait of someone .
iii) stealing the original identity of the person
iv) stealing a person’s heart by taking a photograph.
5.The tone of the speaker in the above extract is----------
i) Analytical ii) jolly iii) humourous iv) prejudiced

GOING PLACES

I. Read the passages and answer the questions given below:

“I wish he was an Englishman,” someone said on the bus . “ Ireland will win the world cup.” Little Derek told
his mother when Sofie brought him home. Her father was gone to pub to celebrate . “What is this you have been
telling ”, Jansie said, next week . “About what ” your Geoff told our Frank you met Danney Casey.” This was
not an inquisition,just Jansie being nosey. But Sophie was starled “Oh that”. Jansie frowned, sensing she was
covering .

“Yes that–well yes I did”. “You never did?” Jansie exclaimed. Sophie glared at the ground. Damn that Geoff,
this was a Geoff thing, not a Jansie thing. It was meant to be something special just between them. Something
secret. It was not a Jansie thing at all.

1. “Ireland will win the World cup.” Who is the speaker ?

Ans: Derek

2. This was a Geoff thing, not a Jansie thing, because ----

a) Jansie was trustworthy. b) She lived in the world of reality.

c) Her personality was different from Geoff. d) Jansie was nosey about things.
Choose the most appropriate combination:

a. A and b b. and d
c. C and d d. A and c
3. ‘something speical just between them’ was meant to be

a. A secret b. something suspicious

c. a prank d. None of the above
4. Sophie is obsessed about ……………….

a. Geoff her elder brother b. Her Dad who loves to watch football matches.
c. Her friend Jansie who wants her to be happy d. The prodigy Danny Casey
5. Who represents the realistic side of the life in the above extract ?

Ans: Jansie

6. Find the word from the above extract which means ‘inquisitive ’

Ans: nosey

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 Short answer type questions For Question No. 10
(five out of six from Prose and Poetry from the book Flamingo)
My Mother at Sixty-six
Q1. What were Kamala Das’ fears as a child? Why do they come back when she is going to the airport?

Ans. During her childhood, Kamala Das was insecure about losing her mother just as all young children often
are. The same old feelings come back to haunt her when she sees her mother’s pale and lifeless face. She is
tortured by the fact that she may not see her alive again. She hides her feelings by smiling.

Q2. What do the parting words of Kamala Das and her smile signify?

Ans. The parting words of the poet reflect the poet’s feeling that she wants to meet her mother again. But she
wears a smile on her face to mask her pain and to give hope, happiness and reassurance to her mother.

Q3. Give the sum and substance of Kamala Das’ poem ‘My Mother at Sixty-Six’.

Ans. The mother of the poetess is not yet very old. She is sixty-six. But somehow because of illness or so, she
looks pale and ash-colored like a dead body. The poetess is in a hurry to catch her flight. She is deeply
concerned about the aged woman. She can’t be sure to find her alive on her next visit. She looks out of the car
at the young children. By contrast, the sight of the mother looks critical. She casts a last look at the airport. In
order to cheer up the old mother, she smiles and smiles to hide her own sadness and promises to see the old
woman again.

Q4. Why are the young trees described as sprinting?

Ans. The car was moving when the poet looked outside at trees. They appeared to be ‘sprinting’ because the
car was speeding past in the opposite direction. The ‘young’ trees represented life in contrast to her mother’s
approaching death.

Keeping Quiet
Q1. What does the poet mean by ‘exotic moment’ and how can man achieve it?

Ans. By ‘exotic moment’ the poet means the moments of silence and inactivity which will be extraordinary
and memorable because man will reflect on his activities and hence be able to make amends. This exotic
moment can only be achieved through total silence and inactivity even it is for a few seconds.

Q2. What kind of a feeling would this exotic moment evoke?

Ans. This feeling may be strange because it is not easy to imagine a situation of complete peace and silence.
According to the poet, this moment might remove our sadness of never understanding ourselves and indulged
in self-destructive activities.

Q3.What could be an ideal situation according to the poet?

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Ans. The poet strongly maintains that the ideal situation would be when people can happily walk hand in hand
under shady trees i.e. amidst a cool and harmonious atmosphere. They will then practice oneness, unity and
brotherhood.

Q4. What are we single-minded about?

Ans. The poet feels that individuals only think about keeping our lives moving at all costs, and in the process
lose sight of their goals.People only yearn for progress and fulfilment of ambitions, and that remains the only
focus while they are alive. Man is single-minded in his pursuit of wealth, supremacy and territorial acquisition.

A Thing of Beauty
Q1. What does the line ‘Therefore are we wreathing a flowery band to bind us to earth’ suggest?

Ans. Every morning we connect to nature, to the beauties of the earth despite all the sadness that we
experience. This is the result of all the beautiful things around us.

Q2. What makes human beings love life in spite of all troubles?

Ans. In spite of all the sufferings, a thing of beauty helps us to remove the cover of gloom or darkness from
our lives.

Q3. How does a thing of beauty provide us shelter and comfort?

Ans. Nature bestows us with things of rare beauty. It has created the shade of trees to make us feel comfortable
and peaceful in it so that we are able to enjoy sound sleep, sweet dreams and good health. Similarly, beautiful
things like the sun and moon have the power to lift our spirits.

Q4. What spreads the pall of despondency over our dark spirits? How is it removed?

Ans. Man makes his life miserable and full of suffering because of his own actions. The pall of despondency
is the sadness that is a result of what he does. A thing of beauty works wonders by removing the cover of
gloom that engulfs man.

A Roadside Stand
Q1. Who do these pitiful kin refer to? Why will they be mercifully gathered in?

Ans. These pitiful kin refer to the villagers who have been deprived of their home and land. They will be
mercifully gathered in to live in villages near the theatre and the stores.

Q2. What is the childish longing that the poet refers to? Why is it vain?

Ans. Childish longing seems to emanate from the roadside shed, for a life that is described in ‘the movies, a
life so far removed from their life in the village. The thoughtless occupants of a car who stop at the shed to
buy a gallon of gas, speaks of the disconnect that exists in the perceptions of town people with regard to the
villagers.

Q3. How does the poet criticize the city ways?

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Ans. According to the poet, the city folks are mean and selfish. They refuse to extend any kind of support to
the rural poor. Although they are rich, yet they are very possessive about their money. The city folks are so
carried by their lifestyle that they have no time to stand and appreciate the nature’s beauty. They show no
compassion and concern for the poor villagers.

Q4. State the reasons for which the cars from the city halt at the roadside stand.

Ans. The people from the city halt their cars at times to plough the grass and use the yard to back and turn
around. Sometimes, they stop to ask for the right way and path. At times, they stop to enquire about a gallon
of gas.

Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers

Q1. What is the theme of the poem?

Ans. The poet subtly brings out the contrast between the wonderful freedom of the work of art created by
Aunt Jennifer and the constraints of her married personal life. The Aunt has been subjected to suppression at
the hands of her dominating husband and it is only in the embroidery that she is free and gives expression to
her creativity.

Q2. What does Aunt Jennifer’s creation of the tigers symbolize?

Ans.The tigers symbolize Aunt Jennifer’s desires. She expresses herself through the creation of her tigers
whom she embroiders with a needle on a panel. The Tigers are free and symbolize Jennifer’s own longing to
be free and powerful.

Q3. What are the ‘ordeals’ Aunt Jennifer is surrounded by? Why is it significant that the poet uses the
word ‘ringed’? What are the meanings of the word `ringed’ in the poem?

Ans.The ‘ordeals’ that surround Aunt Jennifer are the hardships and the oppression in a male-dominated
society. The poet uses the word ‘ringed’ to signify that after her death also, Aunt Jennifer’s hands will still be
affected by the dominance of a male, perhaps her husband. While the Tigers will be free, she would never be
free; her only hope for freedom is through her artistic creation or the Tigers on the screen. Through them she
can depict the courage and confidence that she lacked in her own life.

Q4. How do ‘denizens’ and ‘chivalric’ add to our understanding of the tiger’s attitudes?

Ans.The words ‘denizens’ and ‘chivalric’ refer to the fearless and confident tigers. They are manly and enjoy
freedom.

THE LAST LESSON

Q.1 “How is it; you pretend to be Frenchmen, and yet you can neither speak nor write your own language?”
Was M. Hamel’s opinion right? How is it relevant in present age?

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Ans: As described, the French people were incapable of speaking and writing their own mother tongue. They
had casual approach towards their language. Even in present age, the status of mother tongues, more or less is
not different. Modern urban mother tongue speakers do not tend to speak or write in their own language.
Hence, the statement is relevant, even in present age.

Q.2. Franz thinks, “Will they make them sing in German, even the pigeons?” What does this tell us about the attitude
of the Frenchmen?
Ans: During his last French class Franz hears the pigeons cooing and wonders if the Prussians would make
them sing in German too. His thought reveals the Frenchmen’s fear of complete domination by the Germans
whereby they would try to enslave even their minds.

Q.3. How does M. Hamel prove to be an ideal teacher?

Ans: M. Hamel convinces the message of the importance of love of mother tongue and patriotism. He explains things
well and asks students to continue learning French even when he is gone. Hence, he proves to be an ideal teacher. (It
is like in the poem-Keeping Quiet-by Pablo Neruda when he says- Now I’ll count up to twelve, and you keep quiet and
I’ll go.)

LOST SPRING
Q.1. In spite of despair and disease pervading the lives of the slum children, they are not devoid of hope. How
far do you agree?
Ans: Saheb, a rag picker, is eager to go to a school and learn. Mukesh, who works in dark, dingy cells making
bangles, dreams of becoming a motor mechanic, which is very much against his family tradition. He is not a
day-dreamer like Sophie (Going Places). His determination is reflected by his statement- “I will walk” up to
garage to learn the motor mechanic’s skill. Hence, slum children are not devoid of hope.

Q.2. ‘But promises like mine abound in every corner of their bleak world.’ Saheb and others like him spend
their life on unfulfilled promises. What is the status of Saheb-like children in the present scenario?
Ans: Due to extreme poverty, overcrowding and absence of civic facilities, slum children face many hardships.
They are trapped in the miseries of diseases like vision loss at very tender/young age. (Like their stunted
growth, twisted bones and father’s gnarled disease as in An Elementary School Classroom in a Slum)

Q.3. “Little has moved with time in Firozabad.” What could be the reasons of this conclusion/statement?
Ans: The narrator states the fact that in reality, the old bangle –making industry goes on as usual which
continues the exploitation of the bangle-makers. More than twenty thousand young children work illegally in
glass furnaces with high temperatures. The exploitation of the moneylenders, the middlemen, the policemen,
the keepers of the law, the bureaucrats and the politicians continues. Any initiative, if dared or taken is not
given due attention.

DEEP WATER

Q.1. What impression do you get of Douglas from the lesson ‘Deep Water’?
Ans. Douglas was a brave and strong-willed person. Despite his frightening experiences in water when he
almost drowned, he didn’t give up. He resolved to overcome his fear by learning to swim. He engaged an
instructor and with complete determination, focus, devotion and perseverance, he succeeded in learning to
swim. He is like a role-model to win over the fear.

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Q 2. The story ‘Deep Water’ talks about Douglas’ attempts to overcome his fear of water. “I was frightened,
but not yet frightened out of my wits.”- says Douglas. Which qualities of the speaker are highlighted here and
how?

Ans: Douglas was frightened when he went down into the pool and was nearly drowned. He had an aversion
to water and now he was filled with terror. He did not lose courage and had self- control. He used his presence
of mind even in the crisis and thought of a strategy to save himself from being drowned.

Q.3. Why did the narrator-Douglas say, “But I was not finished”?

Ans: The narrator knew that he had nightmarish experiences of water earlier. Swimming under the able
guidance of the instructor by using all kinds of skills was risk-free. But swimming by himself was not so.
Even if the instructor trained him well, Douglas felt residual impact of haunting terror when alone in water.
He felt the need of rigorous practice sessions. Hence, he said, “But I was not finished”.

THE RATTRAP

Q.1. If the Christmas spirit is about selflessness, forgiveness and becoming ‘better’ versions of ourselves
amongst other things, Edla is the epitome of this spirit. Justify.

Ans: Edla was basically trusting and compassionate. She wanted the peddler to enjoy and be at peace. She did
not want to turn away the guest on a Christmas Eve. It was her kind gesture to reform the peddler. She and
her father had promised him Christmas cheer and she felt that it would be wrong to send him away.

Q.2. How has the author used the elements of Nature to reinforce his ideas in the lesson ‘The Rattrap’?

Ans-The cold December night – indicates death of morals – the rattrap peddler robs the crofter. The dense
forest with its branches- a prison (peddler gets/feels trapped) The stormy night at the Ramsjo Ironworks- the
undesired happens again- the peddler falls for the temptation/lure (goes to Edla’s home but his reality is
detected. Hence, he feels trapped) Christmas night- redemption/ is saved from guilt / returns thirty kronors
with a note to return it

Q.3. Why was Edla happy to see the gift left by the peddler?
Ans. Edla felt very sad when she came to know about the theft of the crofter’s money by the peddler, but the
gift left behind, which consisted of a small rattrap and three wrinkled ten kronor notes, restored her belief in
him. On this festival, a stranger left a gift for her and shared the feelings of happiness and bonding as she was
feeling lonely. She felt happy because her trust in him was justified. Her kindness had finally changed the
peddler and brought out his essential goodness.

INDIGO

1. Why did the servants think Gandhiji to be another peasant?

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 Answer: In Patna, Rajkumar Shukla led Gandhiji to the house of Rajendra Prasad who was a lawyer.
The servants knew Shukla as a poor peasant of Champaran who often came to Rajendra Prasad’s house
and pestered him to take up the cause of the indigo sharecroppers of Champaran. Since a simple-clad
Gandhiji accompanied Shukla, the servants mistook him to be another peasant.

2. While at Champaran how did Gandhiji keep a long distance watch on his ashram?
Answer: During his long stay in Champaran, Gandhiji kept a long distance watch on his Ashram. He
sent regular instructions by mail and asked for financial accounts. He even wrote to the residents that
it was time to fill in the old latrine trenches and dig new ones.

3. “The battle of Champaran is won.” When and why did Gandhiji exclaim this?
Answer: When several prominent lawyers told Gandhiji that they were ready to follow him to jail,
Gandhiji exclaimed, “The battle of Champaran is won”. Gandhiji made this statement because he had
been able to shake the lawyers out of their stupor and they were ready to support Gandhiji.

POETS AND PANCAKES

1. Why is the Englishman’s visit referred to as unexplained mystery?

Answer: The visit of the Englishman raised many queries and doubts in the minds of those who were
working in Gemini Studios. The Englishman’s name was unfamiliar and his credentials too were
unconfirmed. No one could understand his speech so everyone wondered why he had come to a film
studio that made Tamil films for simple people who had no interest in English poetry.

2. How did the people of Madras and those at Gemini Studios respond to the plays staged by the
Moral Re-Armament Army?
Answer: The Moral Re-Armament Army presented two plays ‘Jotham Valley’ and ‘The Forgotten
Factor’ in a very professional manner. The people at Gemini Studios saw the plays over and over again.
Though the message was plain, the costumes and sets were first rate. These plays ran several shows in
Madras and left a great impact on the studios and on Madras in general. For some years almost all
Tamil plays imitated the scenes of sunrise and sunset of ‘Jotham Valley’.

3. Why did Asokamirtan pray for crowd shooting all the time?
Answer: Asokamirtan was wrongly believed to have nothing to do. So the office-boy often came to
his cubicle to give an outlet to his frustrations and stress the fact that a great talent was being wasted.
The author was bored with the office boy’s never-ending babble and prayed for crowd-shooting all the
time so that the boy remained busy and did not pester him.

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 THE INTERVIEW

1. What do you learn about Umberto Eco’s distinctive style in his doctoral dissertation?

Answer: Umberto Eco’s academic writing style is personal, informal and playful. He fills his research
stories with all the trials and errors so that even his research work has the uniqueness .of creative
writing and reading. It is not only informative but also interesting.

2. What are the views of writers like V.S. Naipaul and Lewis Carroll on interviews?

Answer: Celebrities like V.S. Naipaul, Rudyard Kipling, Lewis Carroll and H.G. Wells have
expressed their strong despise for interviews. They consider interviews immoral -‘an assault’ because
they feel interviews leave a rather disparaging effect on their personalities and are an encroachment
on their privacy.

3. ‘The Name of the Rose’ deals with medieval history. Was it responsible for the novel’s success?
Answer: The success of the novel ‘The Name of the Rose’ did not depend on merely one factor. Many
other novels dealt with medieval history but did not achieve much success. Its success is more
attributed to the timing of its publication, its narrative style and detective yarn and also the fact that it
delves into metaphysics and theology along with medieval history.

GOING PLACES

1. How are Jansie and Sophie different from each other?

Answer: Although Jansie and Sophie are classmates and friends, their approach to life is completely
different from each other. While Jansie is practical and grounded to reality, Sophie lives in a make-
believe world of her own, which she ‘invents’ in her imagination.

2. How do we know that Sophie’s family lived in poor circumstances?

Answer: We know that Sophie’s family lived in poor circumstances as her father worked hard as a
manual labourer. Her mother’s back had become crooked due to the burden of household work. Their
house was rather small, easily suffocated with steam from the stove.

3. What do you think of Sophie’s dream about her career?

Answer: Sophie’s dreams of her future life are far removed from her reality. She dreams of owning a
boutique, of becoming an actress but the fact was that she was earmarked for the biscuit factory. Sophie
drifts into a world of fantasy and wants to live her dreams by stepping out of her middle-class status.

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 Short answer type questions (two out of three from Prose from the book Vistas)
For Question 11
THE THIRD LEVEL
1. Imagination might be the only great escape. Explain with reference to the lesson ' The third level'.

Ans: The third level is a medium of escape through which the man yearns to be away from life’s harsh realities.
Modern life is devoid of peace and tranquility so man in his quest to seek solace escapes to a place where his
aim is to seek the realization of his dreams and unfulfilled wishes of his subconscious mind.

2. How did 'The World' help Charley to confirm his doubts regarding the existence of a third level?

Ans: Charley noticed that 'The World' a popular newspaper that had stopped its publication before 1894 was
still available. He saw that day’s edition of 'The World'. It was dated, June 11, 1894. The lead story said
something about President Cleveland. This confirmed that he was back in 1894.

3. Why do you think Charley withdrew nearly all the money he had from the bank to buy old-style
currency?

Ans: In ‘The Third Level’, Charley withdraws nearly all of his money from the bank to buy old-style currency
because he becomes convinced that the third level of the Grand Central Terminal is a portal to the past, and
he wants to be able to survive financially in the year 1894. He believes that the currency from that time period
will have a higher value in the past and that he will be able to use it to support himself and his wife, Louisa if
they are unable to return to the present day.

4. Do you see an intersection of time and space in the story?

Ans. Yes, there are a lot of instances that tell us about the intersection of time and space in the story. First
intersection being the one between the first two levels of the Grand Central Station and its third level which
is based somewhere in the 1890s whereas the former exists in the present times. Also, when Charley went to
buy tickets for Galesburg which existed in 1894 while he and his wife exists in the present times. Not to ignore
the old-fashioned architecture of the third level in contradiction to the modern interiors of the first two levels.
Lastly, the letter dated 18th July, 1984 that Charley found also throws light upon the intersection of time and
space as both the sender (Sam) and the receiver (Charley) exist in the present times.

5. “The modern world is full of insecurity, fear, war, worry and stress.” What are the ways in which we
attempt to overcome them?
Ans. One cannot count on fingers the negative aspects the modern lifestyle has to offer. There is stress,
pressure, fear, insecurity and worry. In order to relieve yourself of all these miseries, one can indulge in
creative activities from time to time. Making time for yourself and what you love without worrying about a
productive outcome is a crucial thing many people tend to ignore in the hustle and bustle of daily lives.
Secondly, one can read a good book or even meditate. Long walks in the lap of nature are not to be
underestimated because nature has its own healing power. Apart from these, a short weekend getaway, movie
night with friends or even alone at home can be done in order to dissociate oneself from the routine.

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 THE TIGER KING
1. Knowing too much of your future is never a good thing.’ In the light of this quote, examine how
knowing the future paved way for the king’s end.

Ans: If the future is bad, one will live in fear and will waste his life. While, if the future is supposed to be
good for him, he might become complacent and lazy. The king having been told of his destiny tried whatever
was possible to avoid it. The king put in great effort and even married a girl from a state with a large population
of tigers. He also refused to let a British officer from hunting in his forests which put his kingdom at great
risk.

2. How did the Dewan save himself when the Maharaja's anxiety reached a fever pitch?

Ans: The Dewan brought a tiger from the People's Park in Madras and kept it hidden in his house. When the
Maharaja threatened him with dire consequences he understood that the only way to save himself was to 'plant'
a tiger for the kill. So, he and his wife dragged the tiger to the forest where the king was hunting.

3. How does the author satirise the upbringing and education of crown princes of Indian states?

Ans. The author makes us laugh by pointing out the excessive love of the Indian kings and queens for English
education and English way of life. They seemed so enamoured of everything English that the crown princes
drank the milk of English cows, were brought up by English nannies and tutored in English by Englishmen.
They saw only English films. Thus, they aped Englishmen in culture and manners.

4. Point out the irony in the statement: “From that day onwards it was celebration time for all the tigers
inhabiting Pratibandapuram.”

Ans. The state banned tiger hunting by anyone except the Maharaja. An official statement was issued. If
anyone dared to harm a tiger even by flinging a stone at him, all his wealth and property would be confiscated.
The tigers could rejoice that they would not be killed by anyone, but the king. The irony is that they were set
to die at the hands of the Maharaja.

5. “The bullet had missed it.” “This time he killed it without missing his mark.” Whose bullet had missed
the tiger? How was the beast killed ultimately? Bring out the irony of the situation.

Ans. The Maharaja’s bullet missed the tiger though he had taken careful aim at the beast. The shock of the
sound of the bullet made it faint. One hunter took aim from a distance of one foot and shot the tiger dead. It is
ridiculous that the Tiger King who had killed ninety-nine tigers should miss his aim. It is funny that the hunter
takes aim from a hand-shaking distance. The whole situation is ironic

6. What plan did the Maharaja think of to fulfil his vow to kill hundred tigers after the tiger population
became extinct in his state?

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Ans. When the tiger population became extinct in his state the Maharaja planned to marry a girl of royal
family of a native state with a large tiger population so that he would kill the remaining thirty tigers in the
state of his father –in-law when he visits that.

7. What caused the death of the Maharaja?

Ans. The prophecy of the chief astrologer came true. A toy-wooden tiger-the hundredth tiger killed the
Maharaja. The sliver quill on the wooden tiger pierced his hand when he was playing with it on the crown
prince’s third birthday. It caused a suppurating sore that spread all over the arm. He was operated but died.

JOURNEY TO THE END OF THE EARTH

1. Students on Ice is a programme that prepares global citizens. Discuss.

Ans: The Students on Ice programme prepares global citizens in multiple ways. Firstly, it provides students
with a unique and immersive educational experience that exposes them to the magnificent and fragile
ecosystem of the Polar Regions as well as various cultural perspectives.

2. Antarctica is unlike any other place on Earth. Justify the statement.

Ans: Antarctica is unlike any other place on Earth because it is untouched by human beings. It has a simple
ecosystem, existing in its purest and original form. Antarctica holds in its ice-cores half million-year-old
carbon records trapped in its layers of ice.

3. Why does the author say that to visit Antarctica is to be a part of history?
Ans. It is only when you visit Antarctica that you realise all that can happen in a million years, where we have
come from and where we could possibly be heading. We understand the significance of Cordilleran folds, pre-
Cambrian granite shields, ozone and carbon, evolution and extinction.

4. What was the objective of the ‘Students on Ice’ programme?

Ans. The ‘Students on Ice’ programme aims to take high school students to the ends of the world. It provides
them with inspiring educational opportunities which fosters in them a new understanding and respect for our
planet. It offers the future generation of policy makers a life-changing experience at an age when they are
ready to absorb, learn and act.

THE ENEMY
1. What did Dr Sadao do to send off the POW?

Ans. As soon as it was dark Dr Sadao dragged the stout boat down to the shore. He put food, bottled water
and two quilts. He medically examined the man. Then gave him his own little flashlight to signal for food,
gave him Japanese clothes, covered his blond head and let him go.

2. What message does ‘The Enemy’ give?

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Ans. ‘The Enemy’ gives the message that humanism transcends all manmade prejudices and barriers. Here
Dr Sadao upholds the ethics of medical profession in treating an enemy. The story is a great lesson of peace,
love, sympathy, fellow feeling and humanism.

3. Sadao and Hana cared about the soldier but were worried about the consequences of being
considerate. What were they worried about?
Ans:

- Decision would be questioned

- Aware of unrest in domestic staff - defiance from them

- Sadao's reputation could be at stake as he was an eminent surgeon.

4. At the end of the conversation with the General, why did Sadao feel relieved and guilt-free?

Ans:

- He was indispensable for the General's well-being and survival.

- General did not trust any other doctor

- If he would be arrested and tried for saving an enemy sailor, General would safeguard his own interest, see
to it that no harm came to Dr.Sadao.

5. Sadao and Hana look upon their time in America with disdain due to the prejudice that they were
subjected to. How does racial prejudice taint a person’s soul forever?

Ans:

- Racial prejudice stains a person's soul forever.

- Instills deep-seated feelings of inferiority, anger, and resentment.

- Undermines one's self-worth, fosters bitterness, and hampers the ability to trust and connect with others.

- leaves a lasting emotional and psychological impact.

On the Face of It
1. If you were to give a different ending to the story, ‘On the Face of It’ how would you end it?

Ans. The ending of the story, ‘On the face of It’ is very sad as Mr Lamb is probably dead. In my opinion,
such a beautiful story should not have such a tragic ending. In the end, Derry should have saved Mr Lamb
from falling by holding the ladder at the last moment. This would have given a message of hope.

2. What qualities of Mr Lamb attracted Derry to him?

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Ans. Mr Lamb was a person full of life. Sadness or negativity found no place in his world. His physical
impairment and people’s humiliating remarks had failed to dampen his spirit. His undying optimism and ever
friendly attitude drew Derry towards him. For Derry, Mr Lamb was his source of inspiration.

Memories of Childhood
1. What efforts did Zitkala-Sa make to save her hair from being cut?

Ans. As soon as Zitkala came to know about the decision of cutting her long hair, she decided to struggle.
Quietly, she crept up the stairs into a large empty room which was dim due to the dark green curtains. She
moved to the farthest corner from the door and then crawled under a bed. She did not come out even when she
heard Judewin calling her name. They found her and dragged her out. Although she resented by kicking and
scratching wildly and shaking her head, they cut her long hair.

2. How did Bama feel when her brother told her about Untouchability?

Ans. Bama felt sad and infuriated. She felt angry and wanted to touch those wretched ‘Vadais’ straightaway.
It was disgusting to do the chores for those people who did not even consider them as humans. She wondered
why the upper caste people thought so much of themselves only because they had collected money. Bama
hated this discrimination and felt that the lower caste people should never run errands for the upper castes.

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 One long answer type question
out of two from Prose / Poetry (Flamingo)
For QUESTON-12

The Last Lesson

Q1. Imagine yourself as old Hauser who attended the last lesson of M. Hamel. After going home, you
pen down your feelings in a diary about how M. Hamel displayed patriotism and resistance through
his class. Express your feelings in 120-150 words.

You may begin like this, “Today, all were present in the class …

Ans: Today all were present in the class. When I entered, I was surprised to see other villagers like me had
occupied the back benches to show their respect towards M. Hamel who was dressed in his beautiful green
coat, his frilled shirt and the little black silk cap, all embroidered, which he wore only on special days. He
gave his last lesson with utmost devotion and sincerity. The mood was very sombre and subdued, but everyone
including little Franz was attentive and learned the language like never before.

I too had an old primer and spelled the letters with everyone. M. Hamel praised French as the most beautiful, the
clearest and most logical language in the world. He emphasized the importance of one's mother tongue and how it would
always give people a sense of freedom and belonging even if they are enslaved. He made the people in the classroom
realize for the first time how important French was for them. The “Last Lesson” was not just a lesson in language
and writing, it was the lesson in patriotism and resistance. Although his land is occupied by Prussian
adversaries who have the advantage of superior military strength, he defies his oppressors using only a French
grammar book, a blackboard, and his own voice.

Towards the end of his last French lesson, as the church clock struck twelve and the trumpets of the Prussians
sounded under the window, M. Hamel was completely overwhelmed with emotions. He wrote, “Vive La
France!” on the board. Feeling choked, he was unable to talk further and dismissed the class by making a
gesture towards us with his hand.

Q2. Imagine M. Hamel writes a letter to Raj Kumar Shukla. Narrate in about 120-150 words, how M.
Hamel would encourage him to fight against the oppressors with courage and solidarity.

Ans: Dear Raj Kumar Shukla,

I came to know how the indigo sharecroppers in Champaran are being exploited by the British landlords. It
reminded me of the order from Berlin, which announced that only German language will be taught in Alsace
and Lorraine, I was shattered and felt helpless. I could not undo the order from Berlin, nonetheless, acted as
a patriotic Frenchman by affirming my national identity as a means of resistance against domination I
aroused patriotic feelings in the people of Alsace by appealing to hold fast to their mother tongue to be free
from the Prussians. I told my people that the French language was the most beautiful, the clearest and the
most logical language in the world. I was sorry for not making sincere efforts to teach French to my people.
But I appealed to my countrymen to guard it and never forget it. All my students and villagers were present
in my Last lesson to show their solidarity and respect towards the mother tongue.
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I urge you too, to follow Gandhiji’s message of self -reliance and civil disobedience. My friend, be free from
your fears and with other Champaran peasants fight against the injustice of Britishers and landlords for your
rights.

Yours Affectionately
M. Hamel
LOST SPRING

Q1. The chapter Lost Spring by Anees Jung highlights the importance of transformative power of
education, and it can break the cycle of poverty.

As Anees Jung, draft a speech in about 120-150 words to be delivered in the slum area of Firozabad to
motivate people to encourage children like Saheb and Mukesh.

Ans: Good morning, everyone. Today I am here to speak on the ‘Power of Education to break the cycle of
poverty’. We all know India is struggling with the issue of child labour which arises due to the poverty. The
grinding poverty faced by many families lead young children into forced labour and exploitation. These children
don’t have the opportunity for schooling. Moreover, there is a lot of pressure on these children to enter labour early
in life. Recently, I met two boys Saheb and Mukesh who are facing same fate. Both are living in a pitiable condition
far from enjoying the privilege of education and childhood. Saheb is a ragpicker, who lives in slums of Seemapuri
without basic amenities even a proper roof over his head. He and other ragpicker boys aspires to attend school,
wear good clothes and shoes, but they must keep scrounging for a rupee coin or two. Saheb joins a tea stall where
there is a possibility for him to earn 800 Rupees and all the meals. However, this job has deprived him of his
freedom. As such their condition is hopeless and full of misery. On the other hand, Mukesh is a boy who belongs
to the family of Bangle-makers. Firozabad is famous for glass-blowing industry. There is an engagement of nearly
20,000 children in this business. Furthermore, no one over there understands or respects the law that forbids child
labour. Moreover, the living condition, as well as the working environment, are both horrendous. These children
live in dreary cells and work close to hot furnaces. This is certainly very dangerous as it makes these children
blind when they enter adulthood. There is no way for these children to come out of this trap. The only escape
from this situation is to provide education to these children. Let’s come forward to provide schooling to these
poverty-stricken children who aim and dream to do something big. Because only education can transform their
lives and break the cycle of poverty.

Thank You.

Q2. With reference to the chapter, Lost Spring discuss how immense talent and potential remains
untapped due to societal barriers.
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Ans: ‘Lost Spring’ is a poignant and thought-provoking short story written by Anees Jung, a renowned Indian
author and journalist. Published as part of her book ‘Lost Spring: Stories of Stolen Childhood,’ the narrative
delves into the lives of marginalized children living in the slums of Seemapuri and Firozabad, India.

The title, ‘Lost Spring,’ symbolizes the loss of childhood innocence and the deprivation of carefree days. Saheb
and other children in the slums are forced into labor at a young age, robbing them of their right to a proper
education and a nurturing environment. Saheb is a symbol of resilience and hope amidst adversity. Despite
working as a rag-picker, he aspires to learn and break free from the clutches of poverty. His determination and
dreams offer a glimmer of hope in an otherwise bleak environment. Mukesh represents the potential and talent
that goes unrecognized due to the lack of opportunities and social bias. He is a skilled bangle-maker, but his
skills are exploited by the middlemen who pay him meager wages, leaving him trapped in a life of poverty.
The story sheds light on the immense talent and potential that remains untapped due to societal barriers. It
urges society to recognize the hidden talents within marginalized communities and provide avenues for the
development of the children like Saheb and Mukesh.

DEEP WATER
Q1. Henry Ford once said, “Failure is simply the opportunity to begin again, this time more intelligently.”
Do you think Ford’s quote stands true with the efforts put by Douglas in learning swimming?

Ans: Douglas who had his first misadventure at California Beach made the decision to learn swimming at
Y.M.C.A. But after being thrown into the pool by a big boy he developed a haunting fear of water. This fear
followed Douglas in his fishing trips, swimming, boating, and canoeing. His failure became the opportunity
to begin again. He used every way he knew to get rid of this fear, but it held him firmly in its grip. So, he
finally engaged an instructor to learn swimming. The instructor made him practice five days a week, an hour
each day. He held one end of the rope in his hands and the other end through a pulley overhead of Douglas,
was tied to the belt. Thus, the instructor relaxing his hold on the rope made Douglas swim back and forth in
the pool. After three months of this much training, the instructor taught Douglas to put his face under water
and breathe out and to raise his nose and breathe in. After weeks of practice, he could command his own legs
for swimming in water. Thus, piece by piece, the instructor built a swimmer. Later the instructor was no more
needed. He tried to swim alone to test himself. So, he went to Lake Wentworth and dived off. He swam using
all the strokes that he had learnt. The traces of fear that frightened him were brushed aside. He could now
laugh it all away. The fear was gone. He could swim fearlessly. He conquered this terror intelligently, with an
adamant determination, patience, undeterred single mindedness, and relentless efforts.

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Q2. Think of a situation, when the big bruiser boy realises that Douglas has stopped coming to Y.M.C.A.
As a big bruiser boy, narrate the incident at Y.M.C.A swimming pool to your fellow mates in or about 120-
150 words. You may start like this, “I was just fooling, but…….”

Ans : I was just fooling but the little boy, Douglas seemed to be completely terrified of the incident. He was
sitting on the side of the pool all alone. I called out, “Hey Skinny! How’d you like to be ducked? And I tossed
him into the water. I saw him landing in a sitting position, swallowed water, and went at once to the bottom. But
for some time, I could not find him coming up. He tried three times to come to the surface of the water. He made
jumps, but to his dismal his efforts ceased. His legs felt limp, and his lungs ached and was felt dizzy. He saw only
yellow water around and even thought that he was about to die. Later he was lying on his stomach beside the
pool, vomiting. Someone said, “The kid nearly died. Let’s carry him to the locker room.” Several hours later, he
walked home but was weak and trembling. But after that incident he did not come to Y.M.C.A. I think he has
developed the fear of water and is scared to learn swimming. For me it was just for fun, but I think may be due to
this incident he has developed an aversion to the water. I hope he overcomes his fear of water, and I too would be
careful that I will never tease or misbehave with anyone.

THE RATTRAP

Q1. Franz from ‘The Last Lesson’ and the peddler from ‘The Rattrap’ demonstrate the importance of
learning from our mistakes to evolve into better people. Imagine that Shubhangi, your friend, feels as if
she has made a mistake by not taking her academics seriously. Write a paragraph to Shubhangi in 120–
150 words discussing instances from the two texts to give her an insight into the human tendency to make
mistakes and learn from them.

You may begin like this: Shubhangi, all of us have made mistakes at one point or another in our lives.
After all, to err is human....

Ans: To err is human. Failure is a necessary step towards success. Everyone makes mistakes. We are human, and
we are prone to making mistakes. As we saw in Alphonse Daudet’s ‘The last Lesson’ how Franz, who hated
school, M. Hamel, and his studies was suddenly able to learn and understand everything M Hamel taught on the
day of the last lesson. He preferred to run in open fields rather than study. When M Hamel told the students that
it was their last lesson, it hit Franz like thunderclap. He felt bad as he didn’t study. But after realizing the
importance of one’s own language, he understood everything taught by M. Hamel.

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The Rattrap too demonstrates how people can learn and grow from their mistakes. After stealing thirty kronors,
the peddler became trapped in the rattrap. Edla’s kindness and good nature made him realise his error. Even
though she knew the peddler became trapped in the rattrap, she treated him like the captain. And which brought
such a great change in the vagabond tramp, that he returned the money and kept a rattrap as a gift. Hence, mistakes
can be amended and acceptable if we are willing to work and change to become a better version of ourselves.

Q2. Discuss how both Selma Lagerlof in The Rattrap and Adrienne rich in Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers uses
metaphors in their narratives to highlight the theme of their respective works.

Ans: Metaphors show implied comparison of two things. Most of the time, this literary device is used to compare
and contrast by the writers. The metaphor of the rattrap used by Selma Lagerlof in her story signifies that the
world exists only to trap people by setting baits for them. Whenever someone is tempted by the luxuries, he ends
up being caught in a dangerous trap. The metaphor of rattrap as elucidated by the rattrap seller compares the riches
and joys in life to a bait. In the story too, the rattrap seller had to suffer because he fell into the bait, which was
money here. The moment he does, his predicament begins. The story highlights how the peddler when gives back
the stolen money achieves peace of mind, and his otherwise apparent end is averted. In the poem, Aunt Jennifer’s
tigers, Aunt Jennifer is weaving a tapestry with a picture of tigers representing her desire— she pines for the
qualities she has endowed to these tigers. The metaphor 'bright topaz' depicts the shining yellow complexion
of her tigers. The sleek, chivalric certainty' describes the pace of the tigers effectively and the hardships of
Aunt Jennifer's married life. Thus, both the metaphors and symbols, the rattrap and tigers support to highlight
the theme of these characters in the given works.

INDIGO

1. Rajkumar Shukla, a poor, unassuming peasant, became a catalyst for change by taking Gandhi to
Champaran, an act which later culminated into the first successful instance of civil disobedience in
India. What qualities do you think helped Shukla and Gandhi respectively to initiate one of the most
powerful movements in the history of our national struggle?

Ans. Rajkumar Shukla was a poor, illiterate peasant but he was resolute. He wanted Gandhiji to visit
Champaran and for that he made efforts. He was determined to meet Gandhi and persuade him to help the
sharecroppers. It was only due to Rajkumar Shukla’s persistent efforts and requests that Gandhiji consented
to visit Champaran.

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After reaching Champaran, Gandhiji initiated the civil disobedience movement by refusing to obey the civil
orders to quit the place. It was Gandhiji’s courage and honesty that brought him the victory, when the case
was dropped. Gandhiji was full of empathy for the poor peasants and was determined to help them. Thus,
courage, determination, truthfulness, honesty and above all patriotism exemplified by Gandhiji and Rajkumar
Shukla’s, determination and resolute attitude were the qualities that initiated the Civil Disobedience
Movement in India.

2. What made Gandhi consider freedom from fear more important than legal justice for the poor
peasants of Champaran?

Ans: The sharecroppers of Champaran were ruthlessly exploited by the landlords. When the news of synthetic
indigo reached the peasants, they demanded their money back and engaged lawyers to fight their battles. There
was no respite for the farmers under the unjust system. When Gandhi came to Champaran, he realised that the
fear-stricken peasants got no help from courts. The real relief for them was to be free from fear of the
British. Gandhi was summoned to appear in court for having refused the official notice to quit Champaran.
The news of Gandhi being in trouble with the authorities spread fast. The peasants gathered in large numbers
around the courthouse. They shook off their fear and held demonstrations. The officials were baffled and
helpless.
This spontaneous uprising of the peasants was their liberation from fear. For them, the British power was no
longer unchallengeable. They realized that they have rights and defenders too.

POETS AND PANCAKES

1. Gemini studios had a big bunch of creative people and poets then why was Kothamanglam Subbu
considered no.2 at the studios?

Ans: Kothamangalam Subbu was a multi-faceted genius. He was No. 2 at Gemini Studios. He was a Brahmin
and hence, had contacts with affluent people. He always looked cheerful. He could never do things on his own
but his loyalty endeared him to the Boss. His creativity could be stirred when commanded. He could come out
with various alternatives for enacting a scene. He gave direction and definition to Gemini Studios during its
golden years. Subbu was also a poet and capable of complex and higher forms of poetry but he purposely
addressed it to the masses. His success in films overshadowed his literary achievements. He composed several
‘story poems’ and wrote a novel, ‘Thillana Mohanambal’. He was an amazing actor and performed better than
the main players. He was a very generous person and his house was a permanent residence for guests. Despite
this, he had enemies. Few of them also considered him a sycophant because of his loyalty towards his boss.

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2. What was MRA? What was the reaction of Gemini Studios to Frank Buchman’s Moral Re-
Armament army?
Ans: MRA was a counter-movement to international Communism.
Frank Buchman’s Moral Re-Armament army of about 200 visited Madras in 1952, and they were given a
warm welcome in the Studio. The staff of Gemini Studios had a nice time hosting 200 people of all hues and
sizes of at least twenty nationalities. The plays presented by the MRA, Jotham Valley and The Forgotten
Factor, greatly influenced the people in Gemini studios. The employees of the Studios saw the plays many
times. The message of the plays was plain but the sets and costumes were excellent. Madras and the Tamil
drama community were so impressed, that for years almost all Tamil plays had a scene in the manner of
Jotham Valley.

THE INTERVIEW

1. How does Umberto Eco pursue his philosophical and academic interests? How does he make use of
‘interstices’? How has he developed a non-fictional style?
Answer:
Umberto Eco has many philosophical interests. He pursues them through his academic works and novels.
Even his books for children are about non-violence and peace. They are the same bunch of ethical and
philosophical interests that Eco believed in. Eco wrote more than 40 scholarly works on non-fiction. Eco
considers himself ‘a university professor who writes novels (only) on Sundays’. He prefers to be called an
academician.
Umberto shares a secret with the interviewer. He thinks that if we eliminate the empty spaces from the
universe, the world will shrink. It will become as big as a fist. Similarly, we have a lot of empty spaces or
‘interstices’ in our lives. He works in these spaces and uses them to his advantage.
Umberto Eco has evolved a distinct non-fictional style. His scholarly works have a certain playful and personal
quality about them. It is different from the regular style which is ‘depersonalised and often dry and boring’.
He is different from other scholars. Eco tells the story of his research. Even he includes his ‘trials and errors’
which connects him to his readers. His essays always have a narrative aspect. This narrative style with a
personal touch is found in all his scholarly works which endears him to his readers.

2. Explain the word Interview and how many writers find favour with it.
Answer:
The word ‘interview’ is derived from the French derivative word “entrevue”. It is a conversation between a
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journalist or broadcaster and a person of public interest. Generally, it is an oral examination of an applicant
for a job through the process of formal questioning. Since the word has wider implications, it duly involves
screening, interaction, and introspection.
Taking interview is a regular feature of journalism. Thousands of people are interviewed daily for one or the
other kind. Depending on the merit of the interview, people have claimed that it is in the highest form ‘a source
of truth’ and in its practice, it is an ‘art’. H.G. Wells remained averse to ‘interview’ and in 1894 he referred to
it as an ordeal. But forty years later he himself was found interviewing Joseph Stalin of Russia. People view
that almost everything reaches us through asking the interviewer who holds a position of unprecedented power
and influence.

GOING PLACES
1. Going Places revolves around Sophie and her unrealistic expectations then why has the lesson
been titled as Going Places? Discuss the suitability of the title.

Ans. The title of the lesson is justified, as ‘Going Places’ is an idiomatic expression meaning `to be successful
in one’s career.’ The lesson is about Sophie’s wish and fantasy to come out of the drudgery of belonging to
the lower strata of society and to go places. The title ‘Going Places’ is most appropriate as it very clearly
describes the protagonist, Sophie. She is deeply enthusiastic about her life and fantasizes all good and
successful things for her. In her imagination, she fantasises herself to be an actor or a manager and then finally
a boutique owner. She also fantasizes to have met the football star Danny Casey as her close friend and going
for a date with him. The title of the story clearly depicts the exotic journey of Sophie into the dream world.
Sophie also goes ‘places’ in her fantasies.
It is a good thing to dream. However, dreams should be realistic. Merely fantasising and daydreaming will
cause disillusionment. Unless one is hardworking and persevering, mere dreams will only lead to
disappointment.

2. Sophie is an unrealistic girl who lives in fantasy and fails to understand the harsh realities of the
world. Lost in her own dreamland, how is she different from Jansie? Compare and contrast their
temperament and aspirations.

Ans. Sophie and Jansie are good friends but miles apart in their approach towards life. They also study together
in school. Both the girls belong to very humble and not very ‘well-off families. Both aspire to become
something in life. They are earmarked to work in a biscuit factory as soon as they finish school. But both the
girls are in sharp contrast as far as their thoughts and temperament are concerned. While Sophie dreams of big
and beautiful things, Jansie has her feet firmly planted on the ground. She advises Sophie to be sensible and
not try to think beyond reality, but Sophie does not listen. She wants to be a boutique owner, a fashion designer,
an actress and a manager, all in the same breath. She is a romantic dreamer who fantasizes about the young
Irish footballer Danny Casey.
Sophie in her dreams hero-worships Danny and describes her imaginary meeting with him very vividly and
looks forward to another meeting with him shortly. She shares her secret with her brother Geoff, whom she is
close with. Jansie is a sharp contrast. She is practical and a realist. She has no far-fetched dreams and remains
close to reality. In the end, it is Sophie who gets a jolt but that does not make her wiser. She becomes a victim
of her own dreams and disappointments.
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 One long answer type question out of two from Prose (Vistas)
FOR QUESTION-13
THE THIRD LEVEL
Q.1. The modern consumerist world is full of fear, insecurities, stress and wars. What are the ways in
which we try to combat them? Answer with reference to ‘The Third Level’.
Ans. Emotions like stress, pressure, fear, and insecurity are commonplace in the modern world. The post-
World War world Charley lived in was filled with the anxiety and instability that caused him a great deal of
distress. Engaging in productive hobbies like creating art, reading, travelling to new places can provide much
relief from the said stress. Charley engaged himself in philately that provided him with a much needed source
of escape from his worries, a hobby his psychiatrist friend Sam called a “temporary refuge”. He also often
wondered and dreamt of living in a time when the world was simpler and free from the anxieties of the modern
world. Sam attributed his discovery of the Third Level as a means of his escape to a seemingly better world,
the country-side Galesburg of 1894. He called it his “waking-dream wish fulfilment”.

Q.2. How did Charley reach the third level?

Ans. One night, Charley worked late at the office and was in a hurry to get back to his apartment. So, he
decided to take the subway from Grand Central. He went down the steps and came to the first level. Then he
walked down to the second level from where the suburban trains left. He ducked into an arched doorway that
headed to the subway where he got lost and continued to walk downwards. The tunnel turned a sharp left and
then taking a short flight of stairs he came out on the third level at the Grand Central Station. There he saw
many unusual things. The train was a very old-fashioned and small Currier & Ives locomotive. There were
very few ticket windows and train gates that were old-looking and made of wood. Dim gaslights flickered and
a man wore derby hats and four-button suits. Everyone on the station was dressed like 1890s. It was a rather
strange world of sideburns, beards and fancy moustaches.

Q. 3. Life is full of twist and turns, ups and downs. Everybody wants to get some relief from harsh
realities of present life. In Charlie's case too, its not different. Elucidate, how the story 'The Third Level'
exposes the vulnerable side of common man?
Ans: Yes, I think that the third level was a medium of escape for Charley. The third level is an escape for
Charley from the modern setting of worry and insecurity. It is an escape from the unhappy contemporary
world that is full of insecurity, fear, war, and worry. He had always desired to live his life peacefully as he did
in Galesburg. Charlie was so upset and frustrated with modern life and the way of living that he wanted to

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move back into the past. Thus, in his mind, he has forever wanted to go back in time, so he found the third
level as a realization of his dream.
The contemporary world is full of illusion, insecurity, war, fear, worry, tension, and stress. This is because the
world is full of competition and people need to pull each other downward. People can overcome this
unrealness, anxieties, and insecurities bred by our certain existence in the advanced world by getting involved
in useful and practical activities. To overcome such uncertainties, firstly we must believe that both good and
bad come our way. Hence, we want to create equilibrium among professional, creative, personal, and
economic provinces of life. People need to spend a good time with friends and family, be productive in art,
poetry, prose, or in pursuing their hobbies.
In the short story 'The Third Level' by Jack Finney, the protagonist, Charlie, faces the challenges of modern
life, seeking solace from the harsh reality. The story cleverly explores the theme of escapism and exposes the
vulnerable side of the common man. Charlie stumbles upon a hidden subway platform that takes him back to
the 1890s, offering him a refuge from the stresses of his contemporary life. This escape to the past represents
the desire for a simpler and more idyllic time, a longing to escape the complexities and pressures of modern
society. Through Charlie's experience, the story highlights how people often yearn for an alternate reality,
trying to cope with the pressures of their daily lives, revealing the universal human desire for relief from the
challenges and uncertainties of the present.

Q.4. The story reveals refuge from reality to illusion. Do you think it is obvious to escape from reality
of life?
Ans: Jack Finney portrays Charley's transition from reality to imaginary world through the story the Third
Level. lt seems probable as the author employs authenticity to the experience. Charley worked late night at
the office and was in hurry to reach his apartment to be with his wife Louisa. He thinks of taking the subway
since it seems faster than bus. Grand Central Station has been described mysterious and mushrooming with
subways, staircases and corridors that leads to many ways and places. Moving through the tunnel Charley
recounts his past experience that appears safe and quite normal. Modern world is full of insecurity, fear, war,
worry and tension. He wants to escape from the harsh realities of modern world. His friend Sam also agrees
with the escape theory. They claim that our hobbies also lead us to a temporary escape from reality. Finally,
his Psychiatrist friend reaches the Third Level and suggests Charley and his wife Louisa to keep on searching
till they get it. The story weaves psychological phenomenal yarn to make it obvious.

Q.5. Describe Charley's transition from the material world to the abstract realm as depicted in the
lesson "The Third Level."

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Ans: Certainly, in the lesson "The Third Level," the character Charley undergoes a remarkable journey from
the material world to an abstract realm that exists beyond the confines of time and space. This transition is
portrayed through his experiences at the Grand Central Station in New York City.
Charley initially embarks on a journey to the material world of the past by visiting the third level of the Grand
Central Station. This level serves as a portal that transports him to the year 1894. In this material world,
Charley finds himself immersed in the bustling environment of the past, witnessing horse-drawn carriages,
outdated fashions, and an entirely different way of life. This journey into the past highlights Charley's desire
to escape from the pressures of his modern, mundane life and seek solace in a simpler, bygone era.
However, as the narrative unfolds, it becomes evident that Charley's journey transcends mere time travel. His
experiences gradually evolve into a transition into an abstract, alternate reality. This abstract world represents
a dimension beyond the limitations of the material realm and the constraints of time. It is a world where
Charley is reunited with his friend Sam, who had gone missing, and together they embark on a new life in a
peaceful town called Galesburg.
This transition from the material to the abstract world underscores Charley's yearning for an idealized
existence and his escape from the anxieties of his present reality. It symbolizes his quest for a world that is
free from the complexities and hardships of contemporary life. Through his journey, Charley discovers a place
where he can find happiness, contentment, and a sense of belonging.
In essence, Charley's journey from the material to the abstract world in "The Third Level" is a metaphorical
exploration of the human desire to transcend the limitations of reality and seek refuge in a realm that offers
solace, fulfillment, and a deeper connection. It portrays the power of imagination and the human capacity to
create alternative realities as a means of coping with the challenges of the material world.

THE TIGER KING

1. Where there is an Entry, there is an Exit. There is no way to avoid death. Destiny has unlimited power
and is unavoidable. How would you infer the Italian phrase 'Que Sera Sera' (Whatever will be, will be.)
is being elaborated in the lesson 'The Tiger King'.

Ans: In the lesson "The Tiger King," the term 'Que Sera Sera' is elaborated through the theme of fate and
destiny. The phrase 'Que Sera Sera' translates to "whatever will be, will be," and it emphasizes the idea that
certain events in life are beyond human control.

In the story, the protagonist, the Tiger King, rises to power through a series of unexpected events. His destiny
is shaped by circumstances he cannot avoid or alter, such as the astrologer's prediction that he will be killed

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by a tiger. Despite his best efforts to defy this prophecy by killing all the tigers in his kingdom, he ultimately
meets his fate when a tiger from a neighboring kingdom attacks and kills him.

The elaboration of 'Que Sera Sera' in the lesson highlights the notion that no matter how much power or
influence a person may have, they cannot escape the inevitable consequences of destiny. The Tiger King's
tragic end serves as a reminder that there are forces beyond our control, and no amount of power or authority
can change the course of destiny.

The lesson portrays a sense of irony, as the Tiger King's desperate attempts to avoid death ultimately lead to
his downfall. It teaches the readers to accept the uncertainty of life and the inevitability of fate, echoing the
sentiment of 'Que Sera Sera' - whatever will be, will be. The story warns against arrogance and the belief that
one can control every aspect of life, emphasizing the importance of humility and acceptance in the face of
destiny's unlimited power.

2. In what sense the ministers and the people of Pratibandapuram became the victim of system.
Elaborate with reference to The Tiger King.

Ans: In the lesson "The Tiger King," the ministers and the people of Pratibandapuram became victims of the
system due to the oppressive and arbitrary rule of the Tiger King. The king's obsession with avoiding the
astrologer's prediction of being killed by a tiger led him to enact irrational and cruel policies that adversely
affected his ministers and subjects.
The Tiger King, after ascending to the throne, was determined to kill all the tigers in his kingdom to avoid his
predicted fate. This decision led to a series of unfortunate events where the ministers were ordered to hunt
down tigers relentlessly. They were forced to spend a vast amount of resources and time on this futile pursuit,
neglecting their responsibilities towards the welfare of the kingdom and its people.
The ministers and people of Pratibandapuram became victims of the system as their lives and well-being were
disregarded in favor of the king's irrational obsession. The fear of the tiger's attack also paralyzed the people,
affecting their daily lives and causing distress and fear in the kingdom.
Additionally, the king's impulsive and ruthless actions led to the destruction of the tiger population, upsetting
the natural balance of the ecosystem. This further harmed the livelihoods of people who depended on the
forest and wildlife for sustenance.
The story illustrates how an autocratic ruler, driven by a single-minded pursuit, can subject their kingdom to
chaos and suffering. The ministers and people of Pratibandapuram were caught in the grip of the Tiger King's
irrationality and the flawed system that allowed him to wield unlimited power without accountability. Thus,
they became victims of the system that prioritized the king's personal interests over the welfare of the kingdom
and its people.
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3. How does the author highlight the abuse of power in the chapter ‘The Tiger King’?
Ans. The author uses dramatic irony and satire to explain how those in power use it to serve their own selfish
and vain needs. The Tiger King and the British officer were perfect examples of the same. The Tiger King in
his aim to save himself and to prove himself better than the astrologer, decided to kill hundred innocent tigers,
even if it meant making them extinct from many areas. He also leaves his important duties towards his state
and family and focuses only on his tiger hunting for years. He is whimsical and makes random decisions and
laws to suit his fancy. He also spends a huge amount of tax-payers’ money meant for the welfare of the people
just to save his crown. Similarly, the British official uses his powers to demand what he needs. He does not
want to kill tigers but wants photographs with them to display his bravery to the world.

4. Describe the efforts made by the Tiger King to achieve his target of killing a hundred tigers.
Ans. The Tiger king banned the hunting of tigers for any member of the public and reserved it entirely for
himself. He went as far as to refuse the British Officer from hunting tigers in his kingdom, knowing it could
cost him his kingdom. To appease the officer, he used the tax-payers’ money to buy 50 gold rings as a present
for the officer’s wife. Once all the tigers became extinct in his kingdom, he married into a royal family that
boasted of a larger tiger population. When no more tigers were left to be hunted in either of the kingdoms, a
tiger was brought from the people’s park in Madras for him to hunt to make the tally of tigers to a hundred.

JOURNEY TO THE END OF THE EARTH

1. How does Tishani Doshi's decision to explore the white continent of Antarctica align with Khalil
Gibran's notion of ambition beyond existence as the essential purpose of our being? Support your
answer with references to the journey to the end of the Earth and its significance in understanding our
existence.

Ans: Tishani Doshi's decision to explore the white continent of Antarctica resonates with Khalil Gibran's
concept of ambition beyond existence as the core purpose of our being. Just as Gibran encourages us to aspire
for more than mere existence, Doshi's journey to Antarctica reflects her pursuit of knowledge beyond the
ordinary.

Antarctica, often referred to as the "journey to the end of the Earth," offers an unparalleled opportunity for
individuals like Doshi to push the boundaries of human exploration. By venturing into this remote and
challenging environment, Doshi exhibits a deep-seated ambition to unravel the mysteries of our planet's past,
present, and future.
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In the same vein, Gibran's idea of ambition encourages us to transcend the mundane and seek meaningful
insights that enrich our understanding of existence. Doshi's expedition aligns with this philosophy by
contributing to scientific research focused on Earth's unique ecosystems and climate. Just as Gibran's notion
calls us to reach beyond the ordinary, Doshi's endeavor in Antarctica exemplifies a quest for knowledge that
goes above and beyond the constraints of everyday life.

In summary, Tishani Doshi's journey to Antarctica mirrors Khalil Gibran's belief in ambition beyond
existence, as both endeavors reflect a profound desire to explore, learn, and uncover the profound truths that
shape our understanding of existence.

2.”Excess of anything turns into poison', How has human civilization impacted our environment?
Comment with reference the lesson Journey to the End of the Earth.

Ans. The adage "Excess of anything turns into poison" finds a poignant illustration in the context of human
civilization's impact on the environment, as depicted in the lesson "Journey to the End of the Earth." The
narrative underscores how unchecked human activities and the relentless pursuit of progress can lead to dire
consequences for the natural world.

In "Journey to the End of the Earth," the protagonist embarks on a journey to the Arctic, eager to explore the
untouched beauty of nature. However, as the journey unfolds, the stark reality of human influence on the
environment becomes evident. The relentless exploitation of resources, pollution, and disregard for the
delicate balance of ecosystems take center stage.

This narrative serves as a metaphor for the broader human impact on the environment. The unbridled pursuit
of industrialization, urbanization, and economic growth has led to the depletion of natural resources,
deforestation, pollution of air and water, and disruption of ecosystems. These excessive actions, driven by
short-term gains, have resulted in a "poisoning" of the environment, leading to climate change, loss of
biodiversity, and ecological imbalances.

Furthermore, the lesson highlights the interconnectedness of human actions and the environment. The
protagonist's journey reflects how even remote and seemingly pristine regions are not immune to the
consequences of human excess. This mirrors the global reality where environmental challenges know no
boundaries, affecting communities and ecosystems far beyond the immediate source of the problem.

In conclusion, the lesson "Journey to the End of the Earth" serves as a cautionary tale, illustrating how the
excesses of human civilization can indeed turn into a poison for the environment. The narrative's portrayal of
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a pristine Arctic landscape marred by human impact underscores the urgency of adopting sustainable practices,
valuing ecological harmony, and recognizing the delicate balance that sustains our planet. As the narrative
suggests, the remedy lies in a shift towards responsible stewardship and a more balanced coexistence between
human progress and the natural world.

Q.3. How is Antarctica a crucial element in the debate on climate change?

Ans. Antarctica is a crucial element in the debate on climate change because it is the only place in the world
which has never sustained a human population and thus remains relatively pristine as a result. Moreover, it
holds in its ice-caves half-million- year old carbon records trapped in its layers of ice. The world’s climate is
changing fast and is at present one of the most hotly debated issues. Antarctica is the ideal place to study the
effect of these environmental changes as it has a very simple ecosystem and lacks biodiversity. If global
warming makes Antarctica warmer, it will have disastrous consequences elsewhere.

Q.4. How was the programme ‘Students on Ice’ an attempt to equip the future generation with the
knowledge to save Earth?
Ans. The objective of the ‘Students on Ice’ programme was to take high school students to the end of the
world and provide them with inspiring opportunities in education. It was meant to enable them to understand
and respect our planet. According to Geoff Green, high school students are the future policy-makers and
through this programme they would be able to save this planet from the ecological hazards and the harmful
effects of global warming. Antarctica, with its simple ecosystem and lack of biodiversity, is the perfect place
to study how little changes in the environment can have major repercussions. The school students’
impressionable minds can study and examine the Earth’s past, present and future through their voyage to
Antarctica.

THE ENEMY
Q.1 In the story 'The Enemy' by Pearl S. Buck, Dr. Sadao Hoki is portraited as a very Virtuous man.
He had lived according to the dire necessity and demands of traditional Japanese society. The conflict
between inner and outer world he faced many difficulties. As Hana, Dr. Sadao's wife write this diary
entry. Support your response with reference to the story.
You may begin this way: I have been married to doctor Sadao for a few years now and I have always known
him to be a kind hearted and virtuous man. However his recent encounter with the American soldier led to
unpleasant consequences for him .....
ANS: I have been married to doctor Sadao for a few years now and I have always known him to be a kind
hearted and virtuous man. However, his recent encounter with the American soldier led to unpleasant

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consequences for him and for me as well. We found Tom on the beach in a very serious condition wherein his
chances of survival were very bleak. We both were in a dilemma as to whether we should save him or should
we hand him over to police, in the latter case he would have died for sure. Then we decided to hand him over
to police after treating him. His recovery was rapid after the surgery performed by sadao. But this noble act
of his was full of complications for both of us. It wasn't an easy job as we faced resistance and hatred from
our domestic helps. Eventually all the servants left the job. We were under constant threat of getting arrested
for giving shelter to an enemy. One day, a messenger came to our house which sent shivers down my spine as
I thought that on that day our arrest was certain. But it was the general who had summoned Sadao. Luckily
the general didn't trouble Sadao much and said that he might require treatment any time. He assured Sadao
that soon he would send his assassins to eliminate tom forever without anyone getting any clue about it. Sadao
waited for 3 days for the assassins but eventually he made up his mind to send Tom to a nearby island where
there was no presence of the Japanese army. Korean boats usually passed by the island which could have
saved him. After 3 days, tom was not at the island which confirmed that he had been transported away by one
of the Korean fishing boats. Tom's survival and the help extended by us was a roller coaster ride for both of
us.

Q.2 The story The Enemy beautifully depicts how a human being rises above his prejudices to help a
wounded enemy. Dr. Sadao a dedicated surgeon and doctor saved life of his enemy. What motivated
Hana to help her husband?

Ans. In the narrative of "The Enemy," Hana's decision to assist her husband, Dr. Sadao, in saving the life of
his wounded enemy can be attributed to a combination of profound factors that reflect her character, the values
she holds, and the transformative power of empathy and compassion.
First and foremost, Hana's motivation is deeply rooted in her inherent compassion and empathy as a human
being. Throughout the story, her character is depicted as compassionate and caring, evident in her interactions
with the household staff and her dedication to her family. This innate compassion likely played a significant
role in her willingness to help save a life, regardless of the circumstances.
Secondly, Hana's relationship with her husband, Dr. Sadao, is a vital influencer in her decision. Their
partnership is built on a strong foundation of love, respect, and understanding. Hana's support for her husband's
actions reflects her commitment to his values and principles. In this case, Dr. Sadao's dedication to his medical
profession and ethical obligation to provide care likely resonated with Hana's own beliefs.
Furthermore, Hana's decision could also be attributed to her recognition of the shared humanity that binds all
individuals, transcending the boundaries of nationality and conflict. The experience of witnessing suffering
and vulnerability, even in an enemy, can evoke a sense of commonality that challenges rigid biases and
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prejudices. Hana's assistance could be seen as a rejection of the dehumanization often associated with wartime
scenarios, emphasizing the importance of preserving life above all else.
In addition, Hana's act of assisting in saving the wounded enemy's life can be seen as a statement against the
futility of hatred and the cycle of violence. Her actions demonstrate a belief in the possibility of reconciliation
and the potential for positive change, even in the midst of enmity. By choosing to help, Hana aligns herself
with a broader message of healing and progress.
In conclusion, Hana's motivation to assist her husband in saving the life of his wounded enemy is a complex
interplay of compassion, her relationship with Dr. Sadao, a recognition of shared humanity, and a stance
against hatred and violence. Her character arc symbolizes the transformative power of empathy and the
capacity for individuals to rise above prejudice and animosity for the greater good.

Q.3. Humanity transcends over patriotism. Answer in reference to the chapter ‘The Enemy’.
Or
The dilemma for Dr Sadao was to choose between professional loyalty and patriotism. How did he
succeed in betraying neither?

Ans. Humanity is the love for all the human kind, irrespective of any differences. Patriotism, on the other
hand is a love for one’s country and its members. While Patriotism is bound by certain limits, humanity
doesn’t know any barriers. When Dr Sadao Hoki was faced with a moral dilemma, where he had to choose
between the two, he decided to choose humanity over nationality. As a doctor who had taken the
Hippocratic Oath, he could not bring himself to let a person die in front of him if he could save him. So his
humanitarian side took over and he saved the American despite knowing that America and Japan were at
war. He made a practical decision to do justice to his duties as a doctor by saving his patient first and then be
a patriot later by handing the POW over to the General.

Q.4. The arrival of the American prisoner upsets Sadao’s home. Give instances from the text in
support of the above statement.

Ans. The arrival of the American Prisoner of War upset the entire household. The domestic help including the
nursemaid, looking after the young children, refused to be associated with anything concerning the ‘enemy’.
They showed their disapproval of Dr Sadao Hoki’s actions by declaring that he was too kind to the American
after having spent some years in America. They claimed that the masters were in the wrong and left refusing
to work for them as long as they housed the American. Yumi, the nursemaid refused to wash the prisoner and
Hana had to do it by herself. Dr Sadao was forced to operate on the prisoner with only Hana’s help. Hana and
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Sadao were forced to manage all the household affairs and take care of their children and the prisoner on their
own without any help from the servants.

Q.5. Both the general (The Enemy) and the Maharaja (The Tiger King), deal with death. They are
powerful figures confronted by a similar fate. You wish to include both of these characters in an
upcoming play. As a part of your research essay, compare and contrast their experiences and their
responses to these experiences in 120–150 words. [Clue: Include the similarities and differences of their
circumstances - their way of dealing with things - their ultimate fate.

Ans: Both of them face death, one owing to old age and disease while the other was destined to die at the
hands of the hundredth tiger he came across.
The general, weak yet hopeful, turned to a doctor to cure him of his illness. Anticipating that he would die, he
went to the extent of keeping Sadao in the country instead of letting him go to the war front like others. The
king challenged death and decided to kill a hundred tigers to ensure his safety.
In order to protect Sadao from possible arrest because this would leave him without a doctor, the general
offered his personal assassins to murder Tom. The king decided to marry a girl from a royal family whose
kingdom had a healthy tiger population. Thus, both of them took extreme measures for their safety, albeit
differently.
The king was careless and so self-absorbed that he did not kill the 100th tiger properly, which eventually led
him to be killed by a toy tiger instead. The general behaved similarly because he was so preoccupied with his
illness that he forgot to send the assassins.
However, this carelessness cost the king his life while the general recovered.

ON THE FACE OF IT

Q.1. The story 'On the face of it' addresses the subject of identity and constraints that society places on
people. In the case of Derry, he faced the battle of disorder and claim his own identity in the face of
society expectations and constraints, as the handicap Dairy create a diary entry expressing thoughts
and conclude by absolving yourself of negativity.
Ans: A tragedy happened with me. Acid fell on my face and I became an ugly boy. Things were pretty okay
till then. But since that incident, my world changed forever. People got scared of my ugly face. Nobody tried
to come close to me Or to talk to me. Most of the times they tried to digress from the topic. I could always
understand that people were getting scared of my ugly face. Even I myself didn't like looking at my image in
the mirror. People made comments like only a mother can like such a face. Maybe these comments about my
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looks were correct. Even worse, my mother also kisses on the other side of my face. One day I entered the
garden of Mr lamb thinking that there was nobody inside. If I knew that Mr lamb was insight, I would not
have entered. But that by chance entry jolted me from within. Mr lamb was a handicapped person. One of his
legs had been blown off in a war. He limped. But to my surprise, I found that he was an extraordinarily positive
and optimistic person. He taught me to focus on myself and not on the comments made by the people. He
taught me that what I saw, heard and thought was more important than anything else. Mr lamb taught me that
what I thought about myself is the only thing that matters and not what others think and say about me. That
one meeting was like a lesson for a lifetime. I had never thought that I would ever change or that the things
and situations would ever change for me. But my perspective was changed by that one meeting with Mr lamb.
I went back home, fought with my mother to allow me to go back to Mr lamb, to which she scolded me. But
I didn't listen to her and I ran back to Mr lamb. But I was utterly dismayed to find that Mr lamb was no more.
He fell off the ladder that he used for climbing upon an apple tree. The fall was fatal and he never woke up
but I decided to keep following his teachings for the rest of my life.

Q.2. In the play 'On the Face of It’, Mr. Lamb introduces 'Art of Living' to Derry. Inspite of loneliness
and disappointment Mr. Lamb motivates Derry for positive attitude. How did he manage it? Elaborate
the character of Mr. Lamb with reference to the play.

Ans: Derry finds Mr Lamb quite different from the other people he has come across till now. He is impressed
by the old man's talk about beauty and the beast, pretty girls and the plain talk about the world. Mr Lamb's
concept of the world, friendship, not believing everything one hears, the story about the timid man who locked
himself in, and the like, sound peculiar to Derry, but interest him. He understands the underlying message that
Mr Lamb has given him.

He is encouraged by Mr Lamb's words, "You will get on the way you want, like all the rest." Gradually. Derry
is able to shed his inhibitions, insecurities, fears and complexes. The talk with Mr Lamb is the beginning of
his transformation. That's the reason for Derry saying, "you don't know what I could do." Besides, Derry is
also drawn towards Mr Lamb because both of them have suffered loss and humiliation and both feel isolated
and lonely.

Mr Lamb lives all alone in a huge house with a large garden. He has no one for company, neither a family nor
friends. In spite of this, he is happy because the neighbourhood children come to his garden for stealing apples
and pears. He spends most of his time watching, listening and thinking. This shows that he lacks human
company. When Derry asks him to name some of his friends, the old man is at a loss.

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At the end of Scene One, when Derry promises to Mr Lamb that he will return, as he rushes home, we hear
Mr Lamb telling himself, "We all know. I'll come back. They never do, though. Not them. Never do they come
back". Thus, although Derry promises to come back, Mr Lamb does not believe him. The words spoken by
Mr Lamb reveal his deepest feelings of loneliness. Although Derry does come back, it is too late, for Mr Lamb
is probably dead.

Q.3. How is Derry we meet at the beginning of the story different from the Derry we meet at the end?
Or
How did Mr. Lamb transform Derry’s life?
Ans. At the very beginning of the play, Derry is a young boy who is deeply insecure of his appearance and
has a negative attitude towards life. He seems to believe that people despise and hate him on account of his
ugly face, which makes him dejected and isolated from others. He stealthily sneaks into Mr Lamb’s garden
hoping to be on his own, away from others. Upon meeting Mr Lamb, we see an enormous change in Derry’s
view of life. He is infused with zeal and agrees to look at people and the world beyond the surface and not
assume the worst. He overcame his fixation on his physical deformity and focused on what he could possibly
do with the other unharmed parts he had. He had finally found somebody who saw him for who he really was,
beyond the burnt face.

Q.4. Derry and Mr. Lamb both are victims of physical impairment, but their attitudes towards life are
completely different. Elaborate.
Ans. Mr Lamb was the first person that Derry had met who did not show him fear or pity for his burnt face.
He taught Derry many important lessons about life. He motivated him and changed the way he viewed life.
He taught him to appreciate and celebrate life and find joy in the little things around him like the humming of
bees, the beauty of the flowers blooming and the chirping of the birds. He counselled him not to focus on his
handicap or indulge in self-pity. He explained to Derry how the anger he let brew inside him would corrode
him worse than the acid that ate away half of his face. He advised him to have the confidence to face the
challenges in life and approach it with a positive outlook.

MEMORIES OF CHILDHOOD
Q.1. In the autobiographical extract the 'Memories of Childhood' the second extract is about Bama's
disturbed and sad feelings. One childhood event enlightened her untouchability. It was about her
restless feeling.

Comment, with support of the extract, it is about the exploration of real situations and sufferings.
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Ans: In the autobiographical extract "Memories of Childhood" by Bama, the second extract delves into her
disturbed and sad feelings as she becomes enlightened about her untouchability. The event described in the
extract showcases the exploration of real situations and sufferings that Bama faced as a child.
In the extract, Bama narrates an incident where she is playing with a friend, Rukku, near their homes. They
come across a heap of sand and decide to play with it. As they play, Bama feels restless and uncomfortable
but does not understand the reason behind it. Rukku's mother notices them playing together and scolds Rukku,
warning her not to touch Bama, emphasizing the untouchable status that Bama holds in the eyes of the
dominant caste.
Bama's realization of her untouchability is a moment of profound distress for her. She describes her feelings
as "disturbed and sad" because she realizes that she is considered impure and untouchable due to her lower
caste identity. This harsh reality becomes apparent to her at such a tender age, leading to a sense of isolation
and emotional turmoil.
This extract beautifully portrays the exploration of a real situation that highlights the caste-based
discrimination and sufferings that Bama faced as a child. It shows how the innocent act of playing together
with a friend becomes a stark reminder of the deeply ingrained societal prejudices. Bama's inner turmoil and
the sense of being rejected and marginalized based on her caste identity evoke a profound sense of suffering.
Through her autobiographical account, Bama sheds light on the harsh realities faced by marginalized
communities, especially those belonging to lower castes, in the Indian society. The extract reflects the
exploration of real-life experiences that are marked by discrimination, social injustices, and emotional distress.
In conclusion, the second extract of "Memories of Childhood" by Bama poignantly portrays her disturbed and
sad feelings upon discovering her untouchability. The exploration of this real-life situation in her
autobiographical account serves as a poignant reminder of the sufferings and hardships faced by individuals
from marginalized communities due to societal prejudices and discrimination.

Q.2. In the 'Memories of Childhood ' Zitkala-Sa and Bama have expressed real life experiences. It's
about 'Oppression' and 'Untouchability.
In what sense both the episodes are same. Explain.
Ans: Both Zitkala-Sa's "Memories of Childhood" and Bama's narrative touch upon the themes of oppression
and untouchability, reflecting real-life experiences that illustrate the profound impact of social injustices.
Despite the differing cultural and societal contexts in which these experiences unfold, both narratives share a
common thread in their depiction of the dehumanizing effects of systemic prejudice and discrimination.
In Zitkala-Sa's account, she describes her painful separation from her Native American heritage and cultural
identity as she is forcibly taken to a boarding school, where her language and traditions are suppressed. This
reflects a form of cultural oppression that seeks to erase her sense of self and assimilate her into a dominant
culture.
Likewise, in Bama's narrative, the deeply ingrained caste-based untouchability system is depicted, where a
person's very existence is marred by social segregation and discrimination. Bama's experiences as a Dalit girl

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highlight the brutal reality of being treated as "untouchable," subjected to inhumane practices and denied basic
rights, solely based on her birth.
In both narratives, the protagonists face psychological and emotional struggles as they navigate their identities
within oppressive systems. Their experiences emphasize the universality of suffering caused by discrimination
and prejudice, regardless of the specific context in which it occurs
In conclusion, while Zitkala-Sa's story explores cultural oppression and Bama's story delves into the horrors
of untouchability, both narratives shed light on the damaging effects of systemic discrimination. Through their
personal experiences, these narratives underscore the urgent need for social change and the importance of
recognizing the shared human struggle against oppression in its various forms.

Q.3. Both Bama and Zitkala-Sa face difficult situations in their lives. Describe how they faced these
situations.
Ans. Both Bama and Zitkala-Sa were little girls who faced discrimination and fought against it. Zitkala-Sa
was a victim of racial discrimination. As a Native American, she was forced to enlist in the Carlisle English
School and was traumatized by the forced indoctrination of the European ways. She resisted in a spirited
manner and hid herself under a bed in a dark room. When found, she did not give in easily and kicked,
scratched wildly and cried aloud in protest.
Bama was a victim of untouchability and caste-based discrimination. She was infuriated by how people like
her, the Dalits were treated by others. She channelized her anger by following her brother’s advice to empower
herself through education. She later used her writing to voice the injustice done to the Dalits for generations.

Q.4. ‘‘Since the day I was taken from my mother I had suffered extreme indignities.’’ Elaborate with
the help of the account written by Zitkala-Sa in ‘Memories of Childhood’.

Ans. Zitkala-Sa was forcibly shifted to a residential school, the Carlisle English School where the students
were herded like animals. They were forced to remove their cultural clothing and forced to wear tight-fitting
uniforms. Zitkala-Sa was forced to give up her shawl and soft moccasins and made to wear boots that make
loud noises as they walked. All their movements were constantly monitored and they were ordered to follow
the rules. She found the process of eating by formula extremely overwhelming and disrespectful. The greatest
indignity was the cutting of her long hair which was considered fit only for cowards and mourners in her tribe.
She vehemently resisted the indoctrination up until the cropping of her hair which broke her spirit and she
finally gave in.

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 SNIPPETS
THE LAST LESSON by Alphonse Daudet
The writer has narrated about the year 1870 after the Prussian forces under Bismarck attacked and captured
France. Prussian had captured the French districts of Alsace and Lorraine. The new Prussian rulers had banned
the teaching of French in the schools of these two districts and asked French teachers to leave. Now M. Hamel
was banned from staying in his school, but he still gave a lesson to his students with utmost devotion and
sincerity as ever. Franz was a student of M. Hamel, who feared French class and M. Hamel’s iron rod. He
came to the school that day, thinking he would be punished as he had not learnt his lesson on participles. But
after reaching school, he found that Hamel dressed in his beautiful Sunday clothes and the older people of the
village sitting quietly on the backbenches. It was because of the order from Berlin. That day Franz realized
the importance of the French for him, and it was his last lesson in French. The story portrays the sadness of
the situation about the feelings of the people when they are not able to learn their own language. The story
shows the significance of one’s language in one’s life for the very existence of a race and its safety.

LOST SPRING by Anees Jung

“Lost Spring,” shows the pitiable condition of poor children are missing the joy of childhood because of the
socio-economic situation. These children deny attending the school and forced into labor early in life. Anees
Jung has given the voice to eliminate child labour by educating the children and to enforce the laws against
child labour by the governments strictly. The call is to end child exploitation and let the children enjoy the
days of the spring that bring joy under their feet.

DEEP WATER by William Douglas

William Douglas talks about his fear of water and how he finally defeat it with strong will power, courage,
hard work, and firm determination. After taking the courage, the fear vanished. That Shows most of our
concerns are baseless. Fear creates risks where there is none. The writer’s Experiences further confirm the
proverbial truth, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Characters and places:-
• Douglas: Narrator of the story
• YMCA Pool: A swimming pool runs by Young Men’s Christian Association
• Yakima: Yakima is a US city located about 60 miles southeast of Mount Rainier in Washington.

THE RATTRAP by Selma Lagerlof

The story is about a disheartened old peddler who had shown generosity by a young woman. His bitter attitude
towards life was changed by her generosity and kindness. The peddler was fallen upon misfortune and selling

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rattraps, begging, and thievery. He is very cynical about the world around him and sees the world as merely a
“rat trap.” He believes that society tempts us with riches and beautiful things, and when we accept, we are
caught in the trap and are left with nothing. The story gives a universal message that the essential goodness in
a human being can be awakened through love, respect, kindness, and understanding. It also highlights the
human predicament. Materialistic lifestyles are the traps that most human beings are prone to fall into. Human
beings do have a trend to convert themselves from dishonest ways, as does the peddler at the end of the story.

INDIGO by Louis Fischer

Louis Fischer describes Gandhi’s struggle for the poor peasants of Champaran. They were the sharecroppers
with the British planters. They had a miserable life and were forced to grow indigo according to an agreement.
They had to suffer a great injustice due to the landlord system in Bihar. Gandhi waged war for about a year
against their atrocities and brought justice to the poor peasants.

POETS AND PANCAKES by Asokamitran

This chapter has been taken from “My Years with Boss,” written by Asokamitran. Asokamitran worked in
Gemini Studios, a very famous film studio of its time. His job was to cut newspaper clippings on various
topics and maintain a file of the same. In fact, the term ‘pancakes’ refers to the brand name of make-up
material, which was excessively by the artists of the Gemini Studios. Asokamitran talked of the office boy
who is actually a grown-up man of forty years who once aspired to be a director but blames Subbu (the number
2 in the studio) for his current state of affairs. Kothamangelam Subbu, the number two in Gemini studio, is a
story in himself. He is very talented, a poet, novelist, actor, and filmmaker. He is an all-rounder and very loyal
to the boss. Asokamitran also tells about the manner in which the legal advisor ruins the career of a talented
actress unwittingly. At that time of India, the educated folk took pride in showing their support for
Communism, and Gemini Studios was no exception. Later on, he discovers that the poet was, in fact, the editor
of the then famous magazine ‘The Encounter.’

THE INTERVIEW by Christopher Silvester & Umberto Eco

“The interview” establishes the importance of the new system of interrogation named “Interview,” specifically
in the arena of Journalism. The author Christopher Sylvester also stresses on the fact that the interview has
become an indispensable arena in the lives of all classes of people, irrespective of their literacy status. In the
later part of the piece, the author has presented the interview of the renowned author Umberto Eco which has
helped readers to take a sneak peek at his literary process.

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 GOING PLACES by AR Barton
The theme of this story is teenage fantasizing and hero worship. The teenagers have unrealistic dreams,
especially when their families are not well off, and it is quite natural. The Socio-economic background plays
a leading role in the lives of the youths for choosing a particular profession. The act of fantasizing may lead
to depressions in case it is beyond our approach and it is useless to build castles in the air.
Characters:
• Sophie: a school going teenager
• Janie: a friend and classmate of Sophie
• Geoff: An elder brother of Sophie
• Derek: a younger brother of Sophie
• Danny Casey: A young Irish football player
• Tom Finney: A great football player
• United: name of the football team
• Father & mother of Sophie

MY MOTHER AT 66 by Kamala Das

Aging is the essential part of human life. A person enters his childhood, experiences full of energy, and dreams
of having the luxury of life. Finally, after reaching his old age and encounters death. The relationship between
people becomes stronger in every aspect of life, and they can’t bear separation due to aging. The poet Kamala
Das relates a personal experience. She conveys a common paradox of human relationships and portrays a
sensational separation of a mother and a daughter. She has been able to capture almost all the emotions in the
farewell to her beloved mother. Sometimes we do feel sincere sympathy for someone, but we fail to express
it in a proper manner.

KEEPING QUIET by Pablo Neruda

The theme of the poem is basically an anti-war. Here the poet has explained the violence, cruelty to animals,
and plight of manual workers. The poet Pablo Neruda has also provided a straightforward solution to many of
our social, political, and religious problems. The answer is self-introspection. If it is implemented, it will be
the first significant step towards uniting people. The second step is that everyone should be aware of and
examine what is wrong and who is the wrongdoer. This will cleanse every heart and ennoble all people.

A THING OF BEAUTY by John Keats

A Thing of Beauty ( John Keats) The poem is based on a Greek legend in Endymion. Endymion was a
handsome young shepherd and poet who lived on Mount Latmos. He had a vision of Cynthia, the moon
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goddess. The beauty comes in different forms– a tale, a poem, a play, a lovely object of nature, or the heavenly
bodies. It soothes our spirits and gives us good health, sound sleep, and mental peace. It removes sadness from
our lives and gives an everlasting joy.

A ROADSIDE STAND by Robert Frost

A roadside stand is a poem written by the highly-acclaimed poet, Robert Frost, who is regarded for his realistic
depiction of rural life using which he touched several difficult social themes of the time. In this poem, the poet
highlights the plight of the deprived villagers who are aching for some money to lead a prosperous life. The
poet is also very critical of the way the city folks treat these villagers who are selling their locally produced
goods and whizzing past them without a sense of empathy.

AUNT JENNIFER’S TIGERS by Adrienne Rich

Adrienne Rich was grown up in a wealthy family. Rich thought that she was dominated by her father’s strong
personality. He guided her as a young poet. He expected her to write her poems his way. When Rich was
growing up, she observed that men dominated women, and they were supposed to become dutiful wives in
their adult lives. Here you will find the picture of marriage Rich drew in this poem. At the heart of the poem
is an image of a husband who controls and frightens his wife. She wrote a lot of poems based on everyday
experience. Her common featured topic was the tension of the women due to being dominated by their
husbands. In ‘Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers’ Rich is the weakness of Aunt Jennifer’s situation and authority of
Jennifer’s husband in their marriage.

THE THIRD LEVEL by Jack Finney

The Third Level chapter is based on a psychological story. It refers to the subway at the grand railway station
to Galesburg. This subway was an interconnection between the narrator’s harsh reality and fantasy. The third
level was a way of escape for Charley; life in the modern world is full of insecurities worries and stress. It
takes Charley to a different world which his friend also calls “a walking dream wish fulfillment”. Here you
will find about Charley’s escapist tendency. The third level was started because of Sam’s letter written on July
18, 1984

THE TIGER KING by Kalki

The story ‘The Tiger King’ is explaining the pride and stubbornness of those who were in power. The writer
has talked about the days of autocratic and eccentric kings. These kings were just the puppet of the British
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rulers. They used to fear the British. Many times they these rulers were not interested in serving the people
and working for the welfare of the public. They disobeyed all laws and modified them to suit their selfish
interests and desire. The Maharaja of Pratibandapuram tried to contradict his written fate. The chief astrologer
had predicted that the cause of his death would be a tiger. So he started doing the campaign of tiger-hunting,
and it was very successful. All his strategies and wise plans worked until he killed 99 tigers. But the hundredth
tiger eluded him till his death. The irony of fate brings quite an unexpected end of the Maharaja. The last tiger
he thought to be dead survived. The hundredth tiger, which caused his death, was not a ferocious beast of
blood and flesh. It was a wooden tiger. One of the slivers of wood pierced his right hand and caused infection
and a suppurating sore. It ultimately led to his death.

JOURNEY TO THE END OF THE EARTH by Tishani Doshi

The writer visited Antarctica, the coldest, the driest, and windiest continent in the world, aboard the Russian
research vessel, Akademik Shokalskiy. The journey, beginning at Chennai, passed through many areas,
geographical, legal, ecological, and temporal. The writer’s first reaction to the continent was of relief, followed
by wonder at its vastness, seclusion, and geological history. Before human evolution, Antarctica was part of
a vast tropical landmass called the Gondwana land, which flourished 500 million years ago. Biological (flora
and fauna), geological (changing continents), and geographical (climatic) changes occurred, and Antarctica
separated and moved away evolving into what it is today. A visit to Antarctica gave the writer a deeper
understanding of fold mountains, the earth’s history, ecology, and environment. The writer felt unsettled in
two weeks’ time not only because she came from a much hotter place, but also because all features of human
civilization were absent from an already desolate landscape. The long summers, the silence is broken
occasionally by cracking ice sheets, and avalanches, the blue whales and icebergs, all contribute to an
ecological implication that the future for humans isn’t right.

THE ENEMY by Pearl S Buck

The story highlights how a Japanese doctor saves the life of an American prisoner of war and rises above
narrow national prejudices. He risks his honor, career, position, and life by sheltering a war prisoner of the
enemy camp and saving his life. The author has beautifully portrayed the conflict in the doctor’s mind as a
private individual and as a citizen with a sense of national loyalty. ‘The Enemy’ gives the message that
humanism transcends all human-made prejudices and barriers. Dr. Sadao upholds the ethics of the medical
profession in creating an enemy. The story is a great lesson of peace, love, sympathy, fellow feeling, and
humanism.
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 ON THE FACE OF IT by Susan Hill
The author tells about the sad world of the physically impaired. It is not the actual pain or inconvenience
caused by a physical impairment that trouble a disabled man but the attitude of the people around him. Two
physically impaired people, Mr. Lamb with a tin leg and Derry with a burnt face strike a bond of friendship.
Derry is described as a young boy shy, withdrawn, and defiant. People tell him inspiring stories to console
him, and no one will ever kiss him except his mother that too on the other side of his face. Mentions about a
woman telling that only a mother can love such a look. Mr. Lamb revives the almost dead feelings of Derry
towards life. He motivates him to think positively about life, changes his mindset about people and things.
How a man locked himself as he was the scared-a picture, fell off the wall, and got killed. It is ironic that when
he searches a new foothold to live happily, he finds Mr. Lamb dead. In this way, the play depicts the heart-
rendering life of physically disabled people with their loneliness, aloofness, and alienation. But at the same
time, it is almost an accurate account of the people who don’t let a person live happily.

MEMORIES OF CHILDHOOD by Zitkala-Sa and Bama

The chapter contains two extracts from two different autobiographical episodes from the lives of two women
– Zitkala-Sa and Bama. Both are victims of social discrimination. Zitkala-Sa is the victim of racial
discrimination, whereas Bama is the victim of caste discriminations. In both the extracts, the writers look back
on their childhood and reflect on their relationship with the mainstream culture, which ill-treated them when
they were a child. But both the accounts are not simple narratives of oppression. Instead they reveal how
oppression was resisted by both the narrators in their own ways. Zitkala-Sa and Bama were very young but
not so young that they would not understand the evil scheme of the mainstream culture. The injustice of their
society did not escape their notice also. Their bitter childhood experience sowed the seeds of rebellion in them
earlier on.

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 SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER (2023-24)

ENGLISH CORE (Code No. 301)

CLASS-XII

Time allowed: 3 Hrs. Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. The Question Paper contains THREE sections-READING, WRITING and LITERATURE.

2. Attempt questions based on specific instructions for each part.
3. SECTION A : READING SKILLS (22 marks)
4. Reading Comprehension Through Unseen Passages

SECTION A: READING SKILLS (22 marks)

1. Read the following text.
1) The Indian subcontinent consists of a number of separate linguistic communities each of which shares
a common language and culture. The people of India speak many languages and dialects which are
mostly varieties of about 14 principal languages. Some Indian languages have a long literary history.
Sanskrit literature is 3000 years old and Tamil 2000. India also has some languages that do not have
written forms.

2) The number of people speaking each language varies greatly. For example, Hindi has more than 250
million speakers but relatively few people speak Andamanese. Although some of the languages are
called 'tubal' or 'aboriginal' their populations may be larger than those that speak some European
languages. For example, Bhili and Santali, both tribal languages, each have more than one million
speakers, Gondi is spoken by nearly 2 million people.

3) India's schools teach 58 different languages. The nation has newspapers in 87 languages, radio
programmes in 71, and films in 15.

4) The Indian languages belong to four language families: Indo-European, Dravidian, Mon-Khmer, and
Sino Tibetan. Indo-European and Dravidian languages are used by a large majority of India's
population. All language families are divided roughly into geographic groups. Languages of the Indo-
European group are spoken mainly in northern and central regions. The languages of southern India
are mainly of the Dravidian group. Some ethnic groups in Assam and other parts of eastern India speak
languages of the Mon-Khmer group. People in the northern Himalayan region and near the Burmese
border speak Sino-Tibetan languages.

5) Speakers of 54 different languages of the Indo-European family make up about threequarters of India's
population. Twenty Dravidian languages are spoken by nearly a quarter of the people. Speakers of 20
Mon-Khmer languages and Sino-Tibetan languages together make up about 2 percent of the
population.

6) Official language: Hindi is the principal official language of India. Sanskrit and 16 regional languages
are also official languages. English has the status of an 'associate' language. Hindi is the native
language of more than a third of India's people, and many others speak Hindi as a second language.
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Only about 2 percent speak English, but it serves as a common language among most educated Indians,
and people use it for many official and administrative purposes.

Answer the following questions, based on the passage above.

1. According to the author, select the correct statements from the given options.
I. The Dravidian language is spoken in western India.
II. The Indo-European language is mainly spoken in the northern and central regions.
III. Sino-Tibetan language is spoken by people near the Burmese border and northern Himalayan
region.
IV. Assam and Northern India speak the Mon-Khmer dialect.

(a) I and IV (b) I and II

(c) III and IV d) II and III

2. ______are considered to be the official language of India.

3. Why is the English language is used in India?

4. Select the word from the passage that means ‘a form of a language that is spoken in one area
of the country'.
(a) Linguistic (b) Dialect (c) Language (d) Literature

5. Name the language that is spoken by almost 2 million people.

6. The nation has _____ newspapers in different languages.

7. What percentage of Indians can speak the English language?

(a) 15% (b) 12% (c) 2% (d) 20%

8. Choose the statements from the given option that are INCORRECT.
I Speakers of 54 different languages of the Indo-European family make up about three-quarters of
India's population.
II Twenty Dravidian languages are spoken by three-quarters of India's population.
III India's schools teach 85 different languages.
IV Speakers of 20 Mon-Khmer languages and Sino-Tibetan languages together make up about 2
percent of the population.
(a) I and III (b) II and III (c) II and IV (d) I and II

9. Select the option that suitably completes the dialogue with reference to paragraph 3

Ahmed: Hey Sameera! Do you know how many languages are being taught in the schools of
India?
Sameera: I was puzzled when I got to know that India's schools teach.................
(a) 64 different languages (b) 73 different languages
(c) 58 different languages (d) 6 different languages.

10. Choose the language families which the Indian languages belong to.
i. Germanic
ii.Indo-European
iii.Baltic
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 iv.Dravidian
v.Mon-Khmer
vi.Slavic
vii.Hellenic
viii.Sino-Tibetan
(a) i, ii, iii, v
(b) i, vi, vii, viii
(c) ii, iv, v, viii
(d) ii, iv, vi, viii
11. Which language and literature is the oldest?
12. List out some of the tribal languages referred.

2. Read the following text.

On 23 March 2020, Prime Minister Narendra Modi urged 1.3 billion Indians to observe a self-imposed 14-
hours Janata (people’s) Curfew, leaving markets empty, train stations quiet, and tourist sites blocked. It was
done to promote social distancing. According to figures from Johns Hopkins University, the virus has claimed
13,049 lives and infected 307,280 people worldwide since the December outbreak in China’s Wuhan city

(2) After an all-day curfew was observed by the entire nation on Sunday, millions of Indians remained on
lockdown because of the global coronavirus pandemic.

(3) Authorities said the curfew was served as a test to see how prepared this country of 1.3 billion — the
world’s second-most populous nation — was to deal with the pandemic. It was perhaps the world’s most
massive exercise in voluntary social distancing to date. But two days later, Indians found themselves facing a
lockdown that was no longer optional.

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(4) According to Johns Hopkins University, India had recorded 425 cases as of Monday, but since the country
has tested fewer people for the COVID-19 virus than others, it is unclear how reliable these numbers are and
what challenges India will be up against as the disease continues its global march.

(5) Bihar is placing most people on lockdown – more than 104 million in the entire state – despite having
recorded only two coronavirus cases so far. Rajasthan is under a state-wide lockdown as well, which affects
more than 68 million people. Punjab, Chandigarh and Delhi have also quarantined everybody in their
jurisdictions, while 17 more states and union territories have imposed lockdowns on parts of their populations.

(6) Most of the virus cases were recorded in Maharashtra (64) and Kerala (52), where the districts affected
have been placed on lockdown. All in all, Down To Earth Magazine estimates that more than 427 million
people in India are affected by the restrictions, making the lockdown the biggest of the pandemic that is
currently ongoing. Around 760 million people in China were affected by lockdowns during the worst of the
outbreak, while Italy is presently restricting the movement of 60 million people.

On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer any ten of the questions given below by
choosing the most appropriate option.

1. What was the purpose of the self-imposed Janata Curfew observed by Indians on 23 March 2020? 2
2. Suggest any other title to the passage
1
3. How many people in India were estimated to be affected by the lockdown measures according to Down
To Earth Magazine?
1
4. How many people were infected worldwide by the virus?
1
(a) 400 million
(b) 13,049
(c) 1.3 billion
(d) 307,280
5. Find a word from the passage which means - a period of time when a person or animal that has or may
have an infectious disease must be kept away 1
6. According to the data given above, which state has the least people on lockdown? 2
7. Fill in the blank: The lockdown measures in India have affected over ______ million people, making
it the largest lockdown during the ongoing pandemic. 1
8. The number of COVID-19 cases recorded in India is uncertain due to limited testing.
State whether this statement is True or False:
1

SECTION B: CREATIVE WRITING SKILLS (18 marks)

3. You are Kurien Nambiar, the secretary of Springleaf Housing Society Welfare Association. Write a notice to be
circulated to all the residents, informing them that there will be no water supply to your society on 24 and 25 August

176
due to maintenance work in the underground storage tank. Write the notice in 50 words.
4

OR

The Hindustan Times Arts Club is planning to hold fun-filled workshops on candle making and clay modelling for all
Class VIII students on Children’s Day in the school. As Patrick Sidhu, the Head Boy, write a notice informing students
about it. Include necessary details and write the notice in not more than 50 words.

4. ‘The Quizzards’ - the Quiz Club of your school, Good Shepherd Saraswati Vidyalaya, is organising an Inter-school
Quiz Competition in the Town Hall, Colaba, Bombay. Draft an invitation for the schools of the city, inviting them for
the event which is being hosted by a prominent quizmaster. You are Cherian Nair, the President of the Quizzards.
4

OR

You have been invited to an evening bash at the McDonald’s by Shabaz, your close friend, to celebrate his selection
in NDA. Respond to the invitation. You are Parvathy of 56, Gautama Enclave, New Delhi-56.

5. You are Stephen Khan/ Rani Sultana, a software engineer with an experience of 5 years in a reputed IT firm in
Bangalore. You saw the given advertisement in the newspaper and wish to apply for the position advertised. Write a
letter to HHA Exchange, along with your bio-data, expressing your interest in the advertised post. (120-150 words) 5

OR

You are a parent of a teenager who spends a lot of time with the mobile and as a result the child does not indulge in
any sporting activity and is leading a sedentary lifestyle. As a concerned parent, write a letter to the editor of a national
daily on the impact of technology on our health.

177
6. You have seen the state of holy river Ganges and are worried that despite repeated schemes being initiated by
various stakeholders to clean the river, the condition of the river has only worsened. Write an article highlighting the
factors that have led to the deteriorating situation. You may also use the points mentioned below. (120-150 words)
5

What causes the pollution in the Ganges?

● untreated sewage is dumped into the river
● industrial waste and untreated effluents are pushed into the river
● agricultural runoff finds its way into the river
● remnants of partially burned or unburned bodies from funeral pyres &
animal carcasses end up in the river
● high levels of disease-causing bacteria and toxic substances have also
been found in the Ganges.

OR

You are Ranjana/Rohan an active member of the Animal Lovers Club which works for the welfare of animals by
preventing cruelty to them. Recently, you visited Animal Care Home. You were pleasantly surprised to see the good
treatment given to the animals: Write a report in 120-150 words on your visit. You may use the following points.

-injured dogs and cats-abandoned pets very old animals-all very well cared for well-equipped medical room-
veterinary surgeon green surroundings

SECTION C: LITERATURE TEXTBOOK AND SUPPLEMENTARY READING TEXT (40 marks)

7. Read the given extracts and answer the questions for ANY ONE of the two, given.

A. Read the extract given below to attempt the questions that follow:
1X6=6

Usually, when school began, there was a great bustle, which could be heard out in the street, the opening and
closing of desks, lessons repeated in unison, very loud, with our hands over our ears to understand better, and
the teacher's great ruler rapping on the table.
But now it was all so still! I had counted on the commotion to get to my desk without being seen; but, of
course, that day everything had to be as quiet as Sunday morning.

(i) What could be heard out in the street usually?

(a) Noises from school

(b) Noises from street
(c) Noise from road shows
(d) Sound of guns

(ii) What was different that day than the usual days?

178
(iii) ‘counted on the commotion’ in Para 2 is…………..

(a) Relied on teacher.

(b) Relied on noise to get to his seat without being noticed.
(c) Relied on friends to get to his seat without being noticed.
(d) Relied on noise from street to get to his seat without being noticed.

(iv) The Synonym of the word 'unison' is …….

(a) dissension
(b) discord
(c) unity
(d) division

(v) Find the word from the extract which means same as to ‘move around in a busy way’.

B. Read the extract given below to attempt the questions that follow:

"I have nothing else to do," he mutters, looking away. "Go to school," I say glibly, realising immediately
how hollow the advice must sound.
"There is no school in my neighbourhood. When they build one, I will go."
"If I start a school, will you come?" I ask, half-joking. "Yes," he says, smiling broadly.
A few days later I see him running up to me. "Is your school ready?"
"It takes longer to build a school” I say, embarrassed at having made a promise that was not meant. But
promises like mine abound in every corner of his bleak world.

(i) Saheb's muttering and 'looking away' suggests his

(a) anger
(b) shyness
(c) embarrassment
(d) anxiety

(ii) Of the four meanings of 'glibly', select the option that matches in meaning with its usage in the extract.
(a) showing a degree of informality
(b) lacking depth and substance
(c) being insincere and deceitful
(d) speaking with fluency

(iii) Who do you think Saheb is referring to as 'they', in the given sentence? "When they build one, I will go"

(iv) Select the option that lists the feelings and attitudes corresponding to the following:
(1) I ask half-joking
(2) He says, smiling broadly

a) 1) part arrogance, part seriousness

2) hesitation
b) 1) Part amusement, part irritation
2) submissive
c) 1) part concern, part hurt

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 2) pride
d) 1) part humour, part earnestness
2) self-belief

(V) Select the option that lists reasons why Saheb's world has been called 'bleak’.
(1) The absence of parental presence
(2) The poor socio-economic conditions
(3) His inability to address problems
(4) His lack of life-skills
(5) The denied opportunities of schooling

(a) (1) and (4)

(b) (2) and (5)
(c) (3) and (5)
(d) (2) and (4)

(vi) The author advised Saheb to go to

8. Read the given extracts and answer the questions for ANY ONE of the two, given.
1X4=4

A. Read the extract given below to attempt the questions that follow:

I got to wishing that you were right. Then I got to believing you were right. And, Charley, it's true; I found
the third level! I've been here two weeks, and right now, down the street at the Daly's, someone is playing a
piano, and they're all out on the front porch singing 'Seeing Nelly Home. And I'm invited over for lemonade.
Come on back, Charley and Louisa. Keep looking till you find the third level! It's worth it, believe me!

(i) Whom is the letter addressed to?

(ii) Who is the sender?

(a) Charley
(b) Charley's grandfather
(c) Sam
(d) An old man

(iii) What does the sender wants the receiver to do?

(iv) For how long had the sender been at the third level?
(a) A week
(b) A month
(c) Since 1894
(d) Two weeks

B. Read the extract given below to attempt the questions that follow:

You lose all earthly sense of perspective and time here. The visual scale ranges from the microscopic to the
mighty: midges and mites to blue whales and icebergs as big as countries (the largest recorded was the size of
Belgium). Days go on and on and on in surreal 24-hour austral summer light, and a ubiquitous silence,

180
interrupted only by the occasional avalanche or calving ice sheet, consecrates the place. It's an immersion that
will force you to place yourself in the context of the earth's geological history. And for humans, the prognosis
isn't good.

(i) The 'visual scale' refers to

(ii) Four people give a reason for the author's feeling while travelling. Choose the option that correctly
summarizes it based on your understanding of the extract.

Person 1 Person 2
I think the author is being paranoid about According to me, she is bewildered by the
leaving her hometown. travel duration.
Person 3 Person 4
As far as I can judge, Tishani is being In my opinion, she is amazed by the grandeur
hypocritical because she is comparing the two of the icy region.
places.
options
(a) Person 1
(b) Person 2
(c) Person 3
(d) Person 4

(iii) Select the option that correctly fits the category of 'microscopic to the mighty' out of the ones given
below.
1. Trace of a skin cell: trace of a bird's egg
2. A grain of rice: field of wheat
3. A scoop of ice-cream: an ice-cream cone
4. A drop of water: Pacific Ocean

(a) 1,2
(b) 3,4
(c) 1,3
(d) 2,4

(iv) Choose the option listing the elements that influences one to think of earth's physicality.
1. Breakage of an iceberg from a glacier
2. Midges and mites
3. A regular seen avalanche
4. Summer light in the Southern hemisphere
Options
(a) 1,2
(b) 3,4
(c) 1,4
(d) 2.3

9. Read the given extracts and answer the questions for ANY ONE of the two, given.
1X6=6

A. Read the extract given below to attempt the questions that follow:

181
 And looked out at Young
Trees sprinting, the merry children spilling
out of their homes, but after the airport's
security check, standing a few yards
away, I looked again at her, wan, pale
as a late winter's moon and felt that old familiar ache....

(i) What is the most likely reason the poet capitalised Young Trees"? This was to….

(ii) Why has the poet used the imagery of merry children spilling out of their homes?
(a) to show hope
(b) to show happiness
(c) to show youthfulness of her age
(d) to show hope and happiness of children

(iii) Choose the option that appropriately describes the relationship between the two statements given below.
Statement 1: The poet knows that her mother has aged.
Statement 2: The poet feels the pain of separation.
(a) Beginning-Ending
(b) Cause-Effect
(c) Question-Answer
(d) Introduction-Conclusion

(iv) Choose the option that completes the sentence given below. Just as the brightness of the
winter's moon is veiled behind the haze and mist, similarly,
(a) the pain of separation has shaded mother's expression
(b) age has fogged mother's youthful appearance.
(c) growing up has developed a seasoned maturity in the poet.
(d) memories warm the heart like the pale moon in winter

(v) Choose the correct option out of the ones given below:
1. Simile Metaphor
The merry children spilling Old familiar ache
2. Metaphor Imagery
Pale as a late winter’s moon Young trees sprinting
3. Imagery Personification
All I did was smile The merry children spilling
4 Personification Simile
Young trees sprinting Pale as a late winter’s moon
(vi) How is the imagery of 'young trees and merry children's a contrast to the mother?

B. Read the extract given below to attempt the questions that follow:

For once on the face of the Earth

let's not speak in any language,
let's stop for one second,
and not move our arms so much.
It would be an exotic moment
without rush, without engines,
we would all be together
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 in a sudden strangeness.

(i) The poet uses the word "let's" to

(a) initiate a conversation between the port and the readers
(b) invite readers as part of the poem's larger call to humanity
(c) welcome readers into the world of the poem and its subject.
(d) address readers as fellow members of the human race

(ii) Margaret Atwood said, "Language divides us into fragments, I wanted to be whole."
Choose the option that correctly comments on the relationship between Margaret
Atwood's words and the line from the above extract- "let's not speak in any language"
(a) Atwood endorses Neruda's call to not speak in any language
(b) Atwood justifies Neruda's request to not engage in any speaking
(c) Atwood undermines Neruda's intent to stop and not speak in any language.
(d) Atwood surrenders to Neruda's desire for silence and not speak in any language.

(iii) Why do you think the poet employs words like "exotic" and "strangeness"?
(a) To highlight the importance of everyone being together suddenly for once.
(b) To emphasize the frenetic activity and chaos that usually envelops human life.
(c) To indicate the unfamiliarity of a sudden moment without rush or without engine.
(d) To direct us towards keeping quiet and how we would all be together in thatsilence.

(iv) How will silence benefit the man and nature?

(v) Choose the option that correctly matches the idioms given in Column A with their meanings in Column
B.

Column A Column B
1. on the face of the earth (i) in existence
2. What on earth (ii) To do all possible to accomplish something
3. move heaven and earth (iii) to express surprise or shock
4. The salt of the earth (iv) to be good and worthy
Options
(a) 1-(i): 2-(iv): 3-(iii) 4- (ii)
(b) 1-(i) 2-(iii) 3-(ii) 4-(iv)
(c) 1-(ii) 2-(i) 3-(iv) 4-(iii)
(d) 1-(iv) 2-(ii) 3-(iii) 4-(i)

(vi) Why is the poet asking everyone not to speak any language?

10. Answer ANY FIVE of the following six questions, in about 40-50 words each.
5X2=10

1. Under the apparent stillness there is life. Justify this statement giving an example from the
poem ‘Keeping Quiet’.

183
 2. Gandhiji makes it clear that money and finance are a secondary aspect of the struggle in
Champaran. Comment on aspect that you think was most important for Gandhi.

3. Why do the people who run the roadside stand wait for the squeal of brakes so eagerly?

4. The people left in ‘utter bafflement’ after the English poet’s speech. Mention two things the speaker
could have kept in mind before addressing an audience to avoid such a reaction. Give your rationale
for it.

5. How does Aunt Jennifer express her bitterness and anger against male dominance?

6. “Damn that Geoff, this was a Geoff thing not a Jansie thing.” Why did Sophie say so?

11. Answer ANY TWO of the following three questions, in about 40-50 words each. 2x2=4

1) 'Knowing too much of your future is never a good thing.’ In the light of this quote, examine
how knowing the future paved the way for the king’s end.
2) Sadao and Hana look upon their time in America with disdain due to the prejudice that they were
subjected to. How does racial prejudice taint a person’s soul forever?
3) What does Mr. Lamb try to tell Derry through the example of a weed and a flower?

12. Answer ANY ONE of the following two questions, in about 120-150 words. 5
1. How would you compare the peddler’s actions in relation to the crofter and Edla?
Would you say kindness does not always beget kindness, and that the conditions
for receiving kindness are important for it to truly transform people? Elaborate.
Provide relevant textual details to support the analysis.

2. Do you believe that ‘God-given lineage can be broken’? Support your position with
a rationale.

13. Answer ANY ONE of the following two questions, in about 120-150 words. 5

1. ‘Take care of the small things and the big things will take care of themselves.’
What is the relevance of this statement in the context of the Antarctic
environment?

2. ‘It’s easy to judge others and give advice, but much more difficult to apply it to
ourselves.’ Elaborate with reference to the character of Sam in ‘The Third Level’.

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