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Lesson 4 Topology

A network topology refers to the layout and connections between devices in a network. It impacts performance, determines cabling types used, and affects costs. There are several common topologies including bus, star, ring, mesh, tree, and hybrid. Each has different characteristics around how devices connect and transmit data. Understanding network topologies is important for designing effective and reliable network infrastructure.

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65 views11 pages

Lesson 4 Topology

A network topology refers to the layout and connections between devices in a network. It impacts performance, determines cabling types used, and affects costs. There are several common topologies including bus, star, ring, mesh, tree, and hybrid. Each has different characteristics around how devices connect and transmit data. Understanding network topologies is important for designing effective and reliable network infrastructure.

Uploaded by

Hans Maximus Neil
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Network Topology

What is a Network Topology?

 It is the interconnected pattern of network elements.


 The layout pattern & connectivity scheme between the
devices in a network.
 Physical topology refers to the actual connectivity or real
cabling and connections
 Logical topology refers to virtual view on how data is handled
within the network regardless of its physical topology.
Why does the topology, or shape, of the
network matter?
 Impacts Performance
A factor in determining the media type used to cable
the network.
 Impacts the cost of cabling the network.
 Some access methods can work only with specific
topologies.
Types of Topology
Bus Topology

Star Topology

Ring Topology

Mesh Topology

Tree Topology

Hybrid Topology
Bus Topology
 A computer network topology
wherein all computer connects to a
single cable or wire.
 It can only transmit data in one
direction, and if any network
segment is severed, all network
transmission ceases.
 A host on a bus network is called a
station or workstation. In a bus
network, every station receives all
network traffic.
 The traffic generated by each station
has equal transmission priority.
Star Topology
 It is a local area network where it
uses a central hub to connect all
computers. The hub acts as a central
station of all signals and every signal
passes through it.
 There is no direct traffic between
devices.
 The switch/hub is the server and the
devices are the clients.
 It reduces the damage caused by
line failure by connecting all of the
systems to a central node.
Ring Topology
 It is a local area network where the
computers are connected to a
network through a loop or ring.
 Each packet is sent around the ring
until it reaches its final destination.
 Data travel from node to node with
each node along the way handling
every packet.
 All the traffic flows in only one
direction at very high speed.
 Each computer has equal access to
resources.
Mesh Topology
 It is a network topology that employs
multiple routes to send the signal in a
network where the signal can have
various paths to take from source to
destination.
 It can be designed as flooding or
routing technique.
 All nodes cooperate in the
distribution of data in the network.
 There are two kinds or mesh: Partial
Mesh and Full Mesh.
Tree Topology
 It is also known as Hierarchical
network.
 Integrates the characteristics of Star
and Bus Topology.
 Main cable seems like a main stem
of a tree, and other star networks as
the branches.
 It is also called as Expanded Star
Topology.
 Ethernet protocol is commonly used
in this type of topology.
Hybrid Topology
 It uses a combination of any two or
more topologies in such a way that
the resulting network does not exhibit
one of the standard topologies.
 Common examples are Star-Ring
Network and Star-Bus Network.
 It reliable as error detecting and
troubleshooting is easy.
 Effective, Scalable as size can be
increased easily and Flexible.
 Costly and Complex in design.
Questions:
 What is the difference between STAR and BUS?
 How can you identify a RING topology?
 Whichamong the topologies are easy to implement
and cost effective?
 Why do we need to study topologies?
 What KCC core values would you be able to apply on
this lesson?

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