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    Pope Solution 2-9

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    mwtstumpf
    This document is an exercise solution from the textbook "Turbulent Flows" by Stephen B. Pope. It evaluates the convective term of the Navier-Stokes equations in Cartesian coordinates and rewrites it in vector notation. Assuming steady, inviscid flow, it simplifies the Navier-Stokes equations and applies operators to show that the quantity one-half the velocity magnitude squared plus pressure over density is constant along streamlines and vortex lines and, for irrotational flow, everywhere in the flow.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Pope Solution 2-9

    Uploaded by

    mwtstumpf
    42 views3 pages
    This document is an exercise solution from the textbook "Turbulent Flows" by Stephen B. Pope. It evaluates the convective term of the Navier-Stokes equations in Cartesian coordinates and rewrites it in vector notation. Assuming steady, inviscid flow, it simplifies the Navier-Stokes equations and applies operators to show that the quantity one-half the velocity magnitude squared plus pressure over density is constant along streamlines and vortex lines and, for irrotational flow, everywhere in the flow.

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    Pope solution 2-9

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    This document is an exercise solution from the textbook "Turbulent Flows" by Stephen B. Pope. It evaluates the convective term of the Navier-Stokes equations in Cartesian coordinates and rewrites it in vector notation. Assuming steady, inviscid flow, it simplifies the Navier-Stokes equations and applies operators to show that the quantity one-half the velocity magnitude squared plus pressure over density is constant along streamlines and vortex lines and, for irrotational flow, everywhere in the flow.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    42 views3 pages

    Pope Solution 2-9

    Uploaded by

    mwtstumpf
    This document is an exercise solution from the textbook "Turbulent Flows" by Stephen B. Pope. It evaluates the convective term of the Navier-Stokes equations in Cartesian coordinates and rewrites it in vector notation. Assuming steady, inviscid flow, it simplifies the Navier-Stokes equations and applies operators to show that the quantity one-half the velocity magnitude squared plus pressure over density is constant along streamlines and vortex lines and, for irrotational flow, everywhere in the flow.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Turbulent Flows

    Stephen B. Pope
    Cambridge University Press (2000)

    Solution to Exercise 2.9


    Prepared by: Michael W. T. Stumpf Date: 10/16/17

    The convective term of the Navier-Stokes equations is given by


    DU ∂U ∂U ∂U ∂U
    = +u +v +w (1)
    Dt ∂t ∂x ∂y ∂z
    Let us evaluate the term componentwise in Cartesian coordinates
    Du ∂u ∂u ∂u ∂u
    = +u +v +w
    Dt ∂t ∂x ∂y ∂z
     
    1
    ∂u ∂ 2 uu ∂u ∂u
    = + +v +w
    ∂t ∂x ∂y ∂z
     
    1
    ∂u ∂ 2
    (uu + vv + ww) ∂v ∂w ∂u ∂u
    = + −v −w +v +w
    ∂t ∂x ∂x ∂x ∂y ∂z
     
    1
    ∂ (uu + vv + ww)
    ! !
    ∂u 2 ∂u ∂w ∂u ∂v
    = + +w − +v −
    ∂t ∂x ∂z ∂x ∂y ∂x
     
    1
    ∂u ∂ 2 (uu + vv + ww)
    = + + wωy − vωz
    ∂t  ∂x 
    1
    Dv ∂v ∂ 2 (uu + vv + ww)
    = + + uωz − wωx
    Dt ∂t ∂y
     
    1
    Dw ∂w ∂ 2
    (uu + vv + ww)
    = + + vωx − uωy
    Dt ∂t ∂z

    These expressions can be rewritten in vector notation.


    DU ∂U  
    = + ∇ 12 U · U − U × ω (2)
    Dt ∂t
    Inserting eq. 2 into the Navier-Stokes equations (eq. (2.35)) yields

    1
    !
    ∂U p
    −U×ω+∇ 1
    2
    U ·U+ = ν∇2 U (3)
    ∂t ρ

    Assuming steady, inviscid flow, eq. 3 can be simplified to


    !
    1 p
    ∇ 2
    U ·U+ =U×ω (4)
    ρ

    a) We apply the operator U· to eq. 4, which leads to


    !
    1 p
    U·∇ 2
    U ·U+ = U · (U × ω) (5)
    ρ

    The vector U × ω is perpendicular to both U and ω due to the prop-


    erties of the cross product and thus the scalar product with U is equal
    to zero.
    !
    1 p
    U·∇ 2
    U ·U+ =0 (6)
    ρ

    Eq. 6 implies that the gradient of 12 U · U + ρp is perpendicular to U and


    hence this quantity does not change in the direction of U, i.e. along
    streamlines.
    b) Following the same arguments as in a), applying the operator ω· to
    eq. 4 yields !
    1 p
    ω · ∇ 2U · U + =0 (7)
    ρ
    and hence 12 U · U + ρp does not change along vortex lines, which are
    defined by the tangents of ω.
    c) If the flow is irrotational, ω = 0 and eq. 4 reduces to
    !
    p
    ∇ 12 U · U + = 0. (8)
    ρ
    p
    Since its gradient is zero everywhere in the flow, 21 U · U + ρ
    must be
    a constant.

    2
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