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Human Repiratory System

The respiratory system consists of organs and structures used for gas exchange, including the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. The nasal cavity humidifies and filters air before it reaches the lungs. The lungs consist of lobes and airways that branch and become smaller. Respiratory diseases can affect the lungs and airways, such as asthma, pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and pulmonary edema. [/SUMMARY]

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5 views23 pages

Human Repiratory System

The respiratory system consists of organs and structures used for gas exchange, including the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm. The nasal cavity humidifies and filters air before it reaches the lungs. The lungs consist of lobes and airways that branch and become smaller. Respiratory diseases can affect the lungs and airways, such as asthma, pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and pulmonary edema. [/SUMMARY]

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pengson.jheyvenfrancis07
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HUMAN REPIRATORY SYSTEM

GROUP 2
WHAT IS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM?
• THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM IS A BIOLOGICAL SYSTEM
CONSISTING OF SPECIFIC ORGANS AND STRUCTURES
USED FOR GAS EXCHANGE IN ANIMALS AND PLANTS.
PARTS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

NASAL CAVITY PRIMARY BRONCHUS


NOSTRIL PLEURAL CAVITY
PHARYNX RIGHT LUNG
EPIGLOTTIS DIAPHRAGM
LARYNX LEFT LUNG
TRACHEA
• THE NASAL CAVITY FUNCTIONS TO
HUMIDIFY, WARM, FILTER, AND
ACT AS A CONDUIT FOR INSPIRED
AIR, AS WELL AS PROTECT THE
RESPIRATORY TRACT THROUGH
THE USE OF THE MUCOCILIARY
SYSTEM
• THE OUTER OPENINGS OF THE
NOSE THROUGH WHICH ONE
BREATHES EITHER FLESHY WALL
FORMING A SIDE OF THE NOSE
• THE PHARYNX (THROAT) IS A
MUSCULAR TUBE IN THE MIDDLE OF
YOUR NECK. IT HELPS YOU TO BREATHE
AND DIGEST FOOD. MANY MEDICAL
ISSUES CAN AFFECT YOUR PHARYNX,
FROM A COMMON COLD TO CANCER.
YOU CAN PROTECT YOUR PHARYNX BY
NOT SMOKING AND AVOIDING
INFECTION.
Your epiglottis is a small, leaf-
shaped sheet of elastic
cartilage that protects your
larynx (voice box) and helps
you swallow.
Your larynx is a hollow tube in the
middle of your neck, just above
your trachea (windpipe) and
behind your esophagus. It makes it
possible for you to make sounds,
which is why it's also called your
voice box.
Your trachea (TRAY-kee-uh) is a
long, U-shaped tube that connects
your larynx (voice box) to your
lungs. The trachea is often called
the windpipe. It's a key part of your
respiratory system.
A bronchus, which is also known as
a main or primary bronchus,
represents the airway in the
respiratory tract that conducts air
into the lungs. Bronchi will branch
into smaller tubes that become
bronchioles.
The pleural cavity is a space
between the visceral and parietal
pleura. The space contains a tiny
amount of serous fluid, which has
two key functions. The serous fluid
continuously lubricates the pleural
surface and makes it easy for them
to slide over each other during lung
inflation and deflation.
The right lung consists of three
lobes: the right upper lobe (RUL),
the right middle lobe (RML), and
the right lower lobe (RLL). The left
lung consists of two lobes: the left
upper lobe (LUL) and the left lower
lobe (LLL).
The diaphragm is a muscle that
helps you inhale and exhale
(breathe in and out). This thin,
dome-shaped muscle sits below
your lungs and heart. It's attached
to your sternum (a bone in the
middle of your chest), the bottom
of your rib cage and your spine.
The left lung consists of two lobes:
the left upper lobe (LUL) and the
left lower lobe (LLL). The right lobe
is divided by an oblique and
horizontal fissure, where the
horizontal fissure divides the upper
and middle lobe, and the oblique
fissure divides the middle and
lower lobes.
WHAT ARE RESPIRATORY DISEASES?
ASTHMA
SINUSTIS
TUBERCULOSIS
PNEUMONIA
LUNG CANCER
COMMON COLD
PULMONARY EDEMA
PLEURAL EFFUSION
Asthma is a chronic lung disease
affecting people of all ages. It is
caused by inflammation and
muscle tightening around the
airways, which makes it harder to
breathe. Symptoms can include
coughing, wheezing, shortness of
breath and chest tightness. These
symptoms can be mild or severe
and can come and go over time.
Sinusitis is an inflammation, or
swelling, of the tissue lining your
sinuses. Sinuses are structures
inside your face that are normally
filled with air. Bacterial infections,
viral infections and allergies can
irritate them, causing them to get
blocked and filled with fluid.
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a
bacterium called Mycobacterium
tuberculosis. The bacteria usually
attack the lungs, but TB bacteria
can attack any part of the body
such as the kidney, spine, and
brain. Not everyone infected with
TB bacteria becomes sick.
Pneumonia is an infection that
inflames the air sacs in one or both
lungs. The air sacs may fill with
fluid or pus (purulent material),
causing cough with phlegm or pus,
fever, chills, and difficulty
breathing. A variety of organisms,
including bacteria, viruses and
fungi, can cause pneumonia.
Lung cancer is a type of cancer
that starts when abnormal cells
grow in an uncontrolled way in
the lungs. It is a serious health
issue that can cause severe
harm and death.
The common cold leads to
more healthcare provider
visits and absences from
school and work than any
other illness each year. It is
caused by any one of several
viruses and is easily spread to
others. It’s not caused by cold
weather or getting wet.
Pulmonary edema is a condition
caused by too much fluid in the
lungs. This fluid collects in the
many air sacs in the lungs, making
it difficult to breathe. In most
cases, heart problems cause
pulmonary edema. But fluid can
collect in the lungs for other
reasons.
Pleural effusion is the accumulation
of fluid in between the parietal and
visceral pleura, called the pleural
cavity. It can occur by itself or can
be the result of surrounding
parenchymal disease like infection,
malignancy, or inflammatory
conditions.

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