Maths Is Easy With Vishal Mahajan ( VM SIR )

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Solutions :- CLASS 11 COMPLEX NUMBERS DPP 1
1. (c) None of these
n n
1+i 1+i 1+i
Explanation: Since, ( 1−i
) = 1 ⇒ (
1−i
×
1+i
) = 1

n
2i
⇒ ( ) = 1
2

n
⇒ i = 1

The smallest positive integer n for which in = 1 is 4. YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
∴ n=4
2. (c) 0
Explanation: (in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3) = in(1+ i + i2 + i3) = in(1 + i - 1 - i) = in × 0 = 0
3. (c) -1
Explanation: i-38 =
2 −1 −1 −1 −1

38
1
×
i

2
= −40
= 10
= 10
= 1
= -1
i i i 4 i
(i )

4. (c) 8
Explanation: 8
Let z = ( 2i

1+i
)

2i 1−i
⇒ z= ×
1+i 1−i

2i(1−i)
⇒ z=
2
1−i

[∵ i2 = -1]
2i(1−i)
⇒ z=
1+1

2i(1−i)
⇒ z=
2

⇒ z = i - i2
⇒ z = i + 1

Now, zn = (1 + i)n
For n = 2,
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z2 = (1 + n)2
= 1 + i2 + 2i
= 1 - i + 2i
= 2i ... (i)
since this is not a positive integer
For n = 4
z4 = (1 + i)4
= [(1 + i)2]4
= (2i)2 [Using (i)]
= 4i2
= -4 ... (ii)
This is a negative integer.
For n = 8,
z8 = (1 + i)8
= [(1 + i)4]2
= (-4)2 Using (ii)]
= 16
This is a positive integer.
n

Thus, z = ( 2i
) is positive for n = 8. YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
1+i

n
2i
Therefore, 8 is the least positive integer such that ( 1+i
) is a positive integer

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 5. (b) 1
(1 + i)
2
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Explanation: 1

2
(1 + i)
5 6 2 8 9
i +i +i +i +i

1+i

[As, i5 = i, i6 = -1, i7 = -i, i8 = 1, i9 = i

i−1−i+1+i
=
1+i
i
=
i+1

i i−1
= ×
i+1 i−1

i(i−1)
=
2
i −1
2
i −i
=
−2

=
1

2
(1 + i)
6. (a) (6 + 17i)
Explanation: (2 - 3i)(-3 + 4i) = (-6 + 8i + 9i - 12i2) = (-6 + 17i + 12) = (6 + 17i)
7. (d) 1
Explanation: 1
1+i
Let z = 1−i

1+i 1+i
z= ×
1−i 1+i
2
1+ i +2i
⇒ z=
2
1−i
2i
⇒ z=
2
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⇒ z=i
⇒ z4 = i4
Since i2 = -1, we have:
4 2 2
⇒ z = i × i

⇒ z4 = 1
8. (c) 1

√2

2 2
2 ( 1 +( √3) )

Explanation: |z|2 =
|1−i√3| (1+3)

2
= = = 4
= 1

|(2−2i)| ∣22 + 22 ∣ (4+4) 8 2

∣ ∣

⇒ |z| = 1

√2

9. (a) 0
Explanation: i109 + i114 + i119 + i124 = [1 + i4× 1 + (i4 )2× i2 + (i4)3× i3] = i109[1 + i + i2 + i3]
= i109× [1 + i - 1 - i] = i109× 0 = 0
10. (c) 100
Explanation: 100
∴ x + iy = (1 + i) (1 + 2i) (1 + 3i), then x2 + y2 =
Taking modulus on both the sides :
|x + iy| = |(1 + i) (1 + 2i)(1 + 3i)|

⇒ |x + iy| = |1 + i| ×|1 + 2i| × |1 + 3i|

−−− −− − − − −−−− −− −−−− −− −−−−
2 2 2 2 2 2
⇒ √x2 + y 2 = √1 + 1 √1 + 2 √1 + 3
−−−−−− – – −−
2 2
⇒ √x + y = √2√5√10
−−−−−− −−−
2 2
⇒ √x + y = √100

Squaring both the sides

⇒ x2 + y2 = 100
1 1
11. (c) ( 2
−
2
i)

Explanation: (1 + i)-1 =
(1−i) (1−i) (1−i)
1
= 1
× = 2 2
= 2
=( 1

2
−
1

2
i)
(1+i) (1+i) (1−i) (1 − i )

12. (d) A circle

2
2 |z−2|
z−2 z−2
Explanation: ∣∣ z+2
∣
∣ = 2 ⇒ ∣∣ z+2
∣
∣ =4⇒ 2
=1
|z+2|

⇒ |x + iy - 2|2 = 4|x + iy + 2|2 ⇒ (x - 2)2 + y2 = 4{(x + 2)2 + y2}

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 ⇒ x2 - 4x + 4 + y2 = 4{x2 + 4 x + 4 + y2}
⇒ 3(x2 + y2) + 20x + 12 = 0, which is a circle.
13. (c) -1
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Explanation: i326 = (i4)81 × i2 = 181× (-1) = 1× (-1) = -1
14. (b) i
Explanation: i273 = (i4)68 × i = (1)68× i = 1× i = i
15. (b) the X-axis
z−5i
Explanation: Given, ∣∣ z+5i
∣ = 1 ⇒
∣ |z - 5i| = |z + 5i| [∵ if |z - z1| = |z - z2|, then it is a perpendicular bisector of z1 and z2]

∴ Perpendicular bisector of (0, 5) and (0, -5) is X-axis.

16. (b) 5

Explanation: We have, |z| + z = 3 + i

Let z = x + iy
− −− −− −
√x + y + x + iy = 3 + i
2 2
∴
−−−−−−
⇒
2 2
(x + √x + y ) + iy = 3 + i
−−− −−−
⇒
2
x + √x + y
2
= 3 and y = 1
−−−−−
Now, 2
√x + 1 = 3 − x

⇒ x2 + 1 = 9 - 6x + x2
4
⇒ 6x = 8 ⇒ x =
3

∴ z=
4

3
+ i YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
−−−−− −−
16 25 5
⇒ |z| = √ + 1 = √ ⇒ |z| =
9 9 3

17. (b) None of these

1

Explanation: (x + iy) = a + ib 3

Cubing on both the sides, we get :

1

x + iy = (a + ib) 3

x + iy = (a + ib)3
⇒ x + iy a3 (ib)3 + 3a2bi + a(ib)2
⇒ x + iy = a3 + i3b3 + 3a2ib + 3i2ab2
⇒ x + iy = a3 - ib3 + 3a2ib - 3ab2 (∵ i2 = -1, i3 = -i)
⇒ x + iy = a3 - .3ab2 + i(-b3 + 3a2b)
∴ x = a3 - 3ab2 and y = 3a2b - b3
= a2 - 3b2 and = 3a2 - b2
y
or x

a b

= a2 - 3b2 + 3a2 - b2
x y
⇒ +
a b

= 4a2 - 4b2
x y
⇒ +
a b

18. (a) the x - axis

Explanation: ∣∣
i+z
∣ = 1
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i−z
∣

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 ⇒ |i + z| = |i − z|
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⇒ |i + x + iy| = |i − (x + iy)|

⇒ |i (1 + y) + x| = |−x + i (1 − y)|

−−−−−−−−−− −−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2
2
⇒ √(1 + y) + x = √− (x) + (1 − y)

2 2 2 2
⇒ (1 + y) + x = − (x) + (1 − y)

2 2 2 2
⇒ y + 2y + 1 + x = x + y − 2y + 1

⇒ 4y = 0

⇒ y = 0

which is the X-axis.

53
19. (d) 85
53
Explanation: 85
3+5i
x + iy = 7−6i
3+5i 7+6i
⇒ x + iy = 7−6i
×
7+6i
2
21+53i+30i
⇒ x + iy = 2
49−36i
21−30+53i
⇒ x + iy = 49−36i
−9 53
⇒ x + iy = 85
+ i
85

On comparing both the sides:

53
y =
85

20. (d) sin −1

(
1
)
√3

2+3i sin θ
Explanation: Let z = 1−2i sin θ
is purely imaginary. Then, we have Re(z) = 0
2+3i sin θ
Now, consider z =
1−2i sin θ

(2+3i sin θ)(1+2i sin θ)

=
(1−2i sin θ)(1+2i sin θ)

2 2
2+4i sin θ+3i sin θ+6i sin θ
=
2 2
1 −(2i sin θ )

2−6 sin
2
θ 7 sin θ
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= + i
2 2
1+4 sin θ 1+4 sin θ

∵ Re(z) = 0
2
2−6 sin θ 2
∴ = 0 ⇒ 2 = 6 sin θ
2
1+4 sin θ

2 1
⇒ sin θ=
3
1
⇒ sin θ = ±
√3

−1 1 −1 1
⇒ θ = sin (± ) = ± sin ( )
√3 √3

−−
21. (b) 1/√26
−−
Explanation: 1/√26
Let z = 1

(1−i)(2+3i)

1
⇒ z=
2
2+i−3i

1
⇒ z=
2+i+3

1 5−i
⇒ z= ×
5+i 5−i

5−i
⇒ z=
2
25−i
5−i
⇒ z=
25+1
5−i
⇒ z=
26
5 i
⇒ z= −
26 26
−−−−−−−−
25 1
⇒ |z| = √ +
676 676

1
⇒ z=
√26

22. (c) -i
Explanation: -i
2
1+2i+3i
Let z = 2
1−2i+3i
1+2i−3
⇒ z=
1−2i−3
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 −2+2i −2+2i
⇒ z= ×
−2−2i −2+2i

⇒ z=
(−2+2i)
2
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2 2
(−2) −(2i)

2
4+4i −8i
⇒ z=
4+4
4−4−8i
⇒ z=
8
−8i
⇒ z=
8

⇒ z = -i
23. (c) x = -2 and y = 8
Explanation: x = -2 and y = 8
24. (b) -15
Explanation: √−9 × √−25 = (3i)× (5i) = (15× i2) = [15× (-1)] = -15
−
−− −
− −
−

|z|
25. (b) 2
7−z
Explanation: Given f(z) = 2
where z = 1 + 2i
1−z
−− −−−− –
2 2
⇒ |z| = √1 + 2 = √5
7−z
⇒ f (z) =
2
1−z

7−(1+2i)
=
2
1−(1+2i)

7−(1+2i)
=
2
1−(1+2i)

6−2i
= 4−4i
3−i
= 2−2i
3−i 2+2i
= 2−2i
×
2+2i
2
6+6i−2i−2i
= 4−4i

6+4i+2
=
8+4i
4+4
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= 8

=1+ 1

2
i
−−−−−−−−
2
2 1
⇒ |f (z)| = √1 + ( )
2
−−−−−
1
= √1 + 4

√5
= 2

|z|
= 2

26. i998 = i
4×249+2

[∵ i4 = 1]
249
4 2 2
= (i ) × i = (1 × i )

= i2 - 1.
27. Let z = 2 - 3i
Then, z = 2 + 3i
¯
¯¯

and |z|2 = 22 + (- 3)2 = 4 + 9 = 13

Therefore, the multiplicative inverse of 2 - 3i is given by
z-1 = z̄

2
=
2+3i

13
=
13
2
+
13
3
i
|z|

–
28. Let z = (2 + √3i) . Then, 2

z = 4 + 3i2 + 4√3i = 4 - 3 + 4√3i = 1 + 4√3i [i2 =-1]

– – –

1−4√3i 1−4√3i 4√3i

∴
1

z
=
1
= =
1+48
=
1

49
−
49
.
4+ √3i (1+4√3i)(1−4√3i)

29. Let z = 1

1+i
1−i
=
1+i
1
×
1−i
[Rationalize denominator]
[a2- b2 = (a+b)(a-b)]
1−i
=
2
1−i
1−i
=
2
= 1

2
−
2
i

⇒ z̄ = 1

2
+
i

2
= 1

2
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1
complex conjugate of z is 2
(1 + i) .

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30. z-1 = z̄

2
|z|

3 i(−(−2)) 3 2
−1
z = + = + i
2 2 2 2 13 13
3 +(−2) 3 +(−2)

−
− −
− −
−− −
−− −
−− YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
31. √−25 × √−9 = 5√−1 × 3√−1
−
−−
= 5i × 3i [√−1 = i]
= 15i2
= -15 [i2 = -1]
Hence,
−
− −
− −
−−
√−25 × √−9 = -15
32. Answer = i
4n+1 4n−1 4n 4n −i

[i4n = 1]
i −i i i− i i
because 2
=
2
1
i− 2
i −1 −2
=
i
= = = i
2 2i 2i

z1 √3+i√3 √3− i 3+ √3 3− √3
33. z2
= × =( 4
) + (
4
)i which is represented by a point in the first quadrant
√3+i √3− i

1
34. Let z = 3+4i

3−4i 3−4i
=
3+4i
1
×
3−4i
=
9+16
[multiply and divide by 3 - 4i]
3 4
= −
25 25
3 4
⇒ z̄ = +
25 25
3+4i
35. 3−4i
1
=
3−4i
1
×
3+4i
3+4i 3+4i
= =
2 9+16
9−16i
3

3−4i
1
= 25
+
25
4
i .
36. We have,
|w| = 1
1−iz
⇒ ∣
∣
∣ = 1
∣
z−i

|1−iz|
⇒ = 1
|z−i|

⇒ |1 − iz| = |z − i|

⇒ |1 − i(x + iy)| = |x + iy − i)| , where z = x + iy YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES

⇒ |1 + y − ix| = |x + i(y − 1)|
−−−−−−−−−−−− − −−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2 2
⇒ √(1 + y ) + (−x) = √x + (y − 1)

⇒(1 + y)2 + x2 = x2 + (y - 1)2

⇒ y = 0

put y= 0 in z = x + iy
⇒ z = x + i0 = x, which is purely real

37. We have |z + 1| = z + 2 (1 + i)
Putting z = x + iy, we get
Then |x + iy + 1| = x + iy + 2(1 + i)
−−−−− −−−−−−
⇒ |x + iy + 1| = x + iy + 2(1 + i) ⇒ √(x + 1) + y = (x+ 2) + i(y+2)
2 2

Comparing real and imaginary parts, we get

−−−− −− −−− −−
√(x + 1) + y = x + 2; 2 2

And y + 2 = 0 ⇒ y = - 2
−−−−−−− −−−−
Putting y = -2 into √(x + 1) 2
+ y
2
= x + 2, we get
(x + 1)2 + (-2)2 = (x + 2)2
⇒ x2 + 2x + 1 + 4 = x2 + 4x + 4 ⇒ 2x = 1 ⇒ x = 1

x= 1

2
and y= -2
1 1
∴ z = x + iy = 2
- 2i ⇒ z = 2
- 2i
38. Given, |z | = |z | = |z | = 11 2 3

On squaring both sides, we get

2 2 2
|z1 | = |z2 | = |z3 | = 1 ...(i)
2
¯
¯¯
⇒ z1 z 1 = z2 z 2 = z3 z 3
¯
¯¯ ¯
¯¯
= 1 [∵ |z| = zz ] ¯
¯¯

¯¯
⇒ z̄ 1 =
1
¯¯
, z̄ 2 =
1
¯
¯
, z̄ =3 ...(i) 1 YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
z1 z2 z3

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 Given that, ∣∣ 1

z1
+
1

z2
+
1

z3
∣
∣ =1
⇒
¯
¯¯
|z 1 +
¯
¯¯
z2 +
¯
¯¯
z3 | = 1 [from Eq. (i)] YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
⇒ ∣
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
∣
∣z1 + z2 + z3 ∣
¯
= 1 [∵ |z + z + z ¯
¯¯
1
¯
¯¯
2
¯
¯¯
3| = ∣
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
∣
∣z1 + z2 + z3 ∣]
¯

⇒ |z1 + z2 + z3 | = 1 [∵ |z| = |z|] ¯

¯¯

39. We have,
1 7 1 4
[( + i) + (4 + i)] − (− + i)
3 3 3 3

7
= 1

3
+
3
i+4+ 1

3
i+ 4

3
-i
1 4 7 1
=( +4+ 3 3
) + i( 3
+
3
- 1)
1+12+4 7+1−3
=( 3
) + i(
3
)

= 17

3
+
5

3
i

= a + ib
where, a = 17

3
and b = 5

40. let z = 3i3 - 2ai2 + (1 - a)i + 5

= -3i + 2a + (1 - a)i + 5
= (2a + 5) + i(1 - a - 3)
z = (2a + 5) + i(-2 - a)
Since,
z is real.
∴ Im z = 0

⇒ -2 - a = 0
⇒ a = -2

Hence, the real value of a for which

z = 3i3 - 2ai3 + (1 - a) i + 5 is real and it is -2.
41. Let z = 4 - 5i, then z̄ = 4 + 5i ¯
¯
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[conjugate of a complex number is obtained by changing sign of imaginary part]
−−−−−−−−−
2 2
∴ |z| = √4 + (−5)

−−−−−− −−
= √16 + 25 = √41
2
⇒ |z| = 41

∴ Multiplicative inverse of z is

z-1 = z̄ 4+5i 4 5
= = + i
2 41 41 41
|z|

2−i
42. We have z = 2
(1−2i)

2−i 2−i 2−i

⇒ z= 2
=
1−4−4i
=
−3−4i
1+4i −4i

(2−i) (2−i)(3−4i)
= = −[ ] [divide and multiply by 3 - 4i ]
−(3+4i) (3+4i)(3−4i)

2 (−11i+2)
6−8i−3i+4i
= −( 9+16
) = −
25

−1 1
= 25
(2 − 11i) =
25
(−2 + 11i)

−2
∴ z̄ =
25
1
(-z - 11i) = 25
−
11

25
i

43. We have, z = (1 – i)
⇒ z̄ = 1 + i
2 2 2
⇒ |z| = (1) + (−1) = 2

∴ the multiplicative inverse of (1 – i),

−1 z̄ 1+i
z = =
2 2
|z|

−1 1 1
z = + i
2 2

5+ √2i 5+ √2i 1+ √2i

44. Let z = = ×
1− √2i 1− √2i 1+ √2i

–
[multiplying numerator and denominator by 1 + √2i ]
5+5√2i+ √2i−2
= 2
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1−( √2i)

3+6√2i
= 1+2

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 3(1+2√2i)
= 3
–
= 1 + 2√2 i
(1+i)
2
1+ i +2i
2 YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
45. Given that 2−i
= x + iy ⇒ 2−i
= x + iy
1−1+2i 2i
⇒
2−i
= x + iy ⇒ 2−i
= x + iy
2i(2+i) 2
4i+2i
⇒ = x + iy ⇒ 2
= x + iy [multyply & divide by 2 + i]
(2−i)(2+i) 4−i

= x + iy [∵ i2 = - 1]
4i−2
⇒
4+1
−2+4i −2
⇒
5
= x + iy ⇒ 5
+
4

5
i = x + iy
Compare the real part and imaginary parts, we get
−2
x= 5
and y = 4

5
−2
Hence, x + y = 5
+
4

5
=
2

5
.
100
1−i
46. We have ( 1+i
) = a + bi
100
1−i 1−i
⇒ (
1+i
×
1−i
) = a + bi [multiply and divide by (1-i) ]
2 100
1+ i −2i
⇒ (
2
) = a + bi
1−i
100 100
1−1−2i −2i
⇒ (
1+1
) = a + bi ⇒ ( 2
) = a + bi

⇒ (−i)100 = a + bi ⇒ i100 = a + bi
⇒ (i4)25 = a + bi
1 + 0i = a + bi
⇒

Comparing the real part and imaginary parts, we have a = 1, b = 0

Hence (a,b) = (1,0)
47. Now, z1 z2 = (3 + 2i) (2 - i)

= 6 - 3i + 4i - 2i2 = 6 + i - 2 (- 1) = 8 + i
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⇒ ¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
z ¯
1 z2 = 8 + i
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
¯
= 8 - i ...(i)
and z z = (3 - 2i) (2 + i) = 6 + 3i - 4i - 2i2
¯
¯¯¯
¯ ¯
1
¯¯¯
¯
2

= 6 - i - 2 (- 1) = 8 - i ...(ii)
Form Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
z z = z z
¯
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
1
¯
2
¯
¯¯¯
¯ ¯
1
¯¯¯
¯
2

Hence verified.
2 2
( a +1)
48. 2a−i
= x + iy
2
∣ 2
(a +1) ∣
⇒ ∣
2a−i
∣ = |x + iy|
∣ ∣
∣ 2 2∣
2 2
(a +1)
∣ ∣ (a +1) −−−−−−
⇒ = |x + iy| ⇒ = √x 2
+ y
2

|2a−i| 2 2
√(2a) +(−1)

4
2

x2 + y2 =
(a +1)

∴
2
(squaring both the sides)
4a +1

(1+i)(2+i)
49. Let z = 3+i
2
2+i+2i+i
=
3+i
1+3i
=
3+i
1+3i 3−i
= ×
3+i 3−i
2
3−i+9i−3i
=
2
9−i

6+8i
=
10
3+4i
z= 5
3−4i
⇒ z̄ =
5

50. Given, (1 – i) x + (1 + i) y = 1 – 3i
⇒ x-ix + y + iy = 1-3i

⇒ (x + y) + i(-x + y) = 1-3i

On equating the real and imaginary coefficients we get,

⇒ x + y = 1 ....(i) and –x + y = -3 ....(ii)
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 From (i) we get
x = 1-y
substituting the value of x in (ii), we get
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-(1-y) + y = -3
⇒ -1 + y + y = -3

⇒ 2y = -3 + 1

⇒ y = -1

⇒ x = 1-y = 1-(-1) = 2 => x = 2

Hence, x = 2 and y = -1
–
51. z = (1 + √3i) 2

= 1 + 3i2 +2√3i
–

–
= 1 - 3 + 2√3i
–
= -2 +2√3i
−2−2√3i
Then, 1

z
=
1
× {Rationalize the denominator}
−2+2√3i −2−2√3i

−2−2√3i
=
2
4−12i

[i2 = -1]
−2−2√3i
=
16

z-1=
−1 √3
− i
8 8

√5+12i+ √5−12i √5+12i+ √5−12i

52. Let z = ×
√5+12i− √5−12i √5+12i+ √5−12i

5+12i+5−12i+2√25+144
= 5+12i−5+12i
3 3i 3 3
= 2i
=
−2
= −
2
i=0- 2
i
Therefore, the conjugate of z = 0 - 3

2
i
−4
53. Let z =
(1+i√3)

−4 1−i√3
= ×
1+i√3 1−i√3

[(a + b)(a - b) = a2 - b2]

−4+i4√3 −4+i4√3
= =
1+3 4
–
= −1 + i √3
–
⇒ z̄ = −1 − i √3
– 2
⇒ |z|
2
= (−1)
2
+ (√3) =1+3=4
−4
∴ the multiplicative inverse of
(1+i√3)

−1 z̄
z =
2
|z|

z-1 =
−1+i√3 −1 i√3
= +
4 4 4

54. Given that: (1 + i)z = (1 - i)z ¯

¯¯ YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
⇒ =
z

z
= ×
1−i

1+i
[multiply and divide by (1 - i)]
1−i

1+i
1−i

1−i
2
1+ i −2i
=
2
1−i
1−1−2i −2i
= 1+1
=
2
= -i
⇒
z
=-i
z̄

∴ z = - iz̄ . ¯
¯

Hence proved.
3 3

55. ( 1

3
+ 3i) = (
1

3
) + (3i )
3
+ 3 × (
1

3
) (3i) (
1

3
+ 3i)

1 3 1
= + 27i + i + 3i ( + 3i)
27 3

1 2 3 2
= + 27(−i) + i + 9i [∵ i = −i and i = −1]
27
1
= − 27i + i − 9
27

1
= ( − 9) − 26i
27

−242
= − 26i
27

56. (x + iy) (4 + 5i) = 6 - 2i

2
⇒ 4x + 5xi + 4yi + 5y i = 6 − 2i

⇒ (4x − 5y) + (5x + 4y)i = 6 − 2i YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES

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 Comparing real and imaginary parts on both sides, we have
4x - 5y = 6 and 5x + 4y = - 2
Solving these two equations for x and y , we get YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
14 38
x =
41
and y = − 41

57. We have, (x + iy)1/3 = a + ib

⇒ x + iy = (a + ib)3 [cubing on both sides]
⇒ x + iy = a3 + i3 b3 + 3 iab (a + ib)
⇒ x + iy = a3 - ib3 + i 3a2 b - 3ab2
⇒ x + iy = a3 - 3ab2 + i (3a2 b - b3)
On equating real and imaginary parts from both sides, we get
x = a3 - 3ab2 and y = 3a2b - b3
= a2 - 3b2 and = 3a2 - b2
x y
⇒
a b

a2 - 3b2 - 3a2 + b2
y
Now, x

a
−
b
=

= - 2a2 - 2b2 = - 2 (a2 + b2)

Hence proved.
3−4i 1+i−2+8i 3−4i
58. [ 1

1−4i
−
1+i
2
][
5+i
] = [ ][
5+i
]
(1−4i)(1+i)

−1+9i 3−4i −1+9i 3−4i

= [ ][ ]= [ ][ ]
2 5+i 5−3i 5+i
1+i−4i−4i
2
−3+4i+27i−36i 33+31i 28+10i
= = ×
2 28−10i 28+10i
25+5i−15i−3i
2
924+330i+868i+310i 614+1198i 2
= = (∵ i = −1)
2 2 784+100
(28) − (10i)

2(307+599i) 307+599i
= =
884 442

2− √−25 2−5i 2−5i 1+4i

sol) = = ×
1−4i 1−4i 1+4i
1− √−16

59. =
(2 +20) +i (8 − 5)

2
1 − 16i

22 + 3i 22 3
= = + i
17 17 17
–
60. Here z = √3 + i = r(cos θ + i sin θ)
–
⇒ r cos θ = √3 and r sin θ = 1 YouTube Channel : VM SIR MATHS CLASSES
Squaring both sides of (i) and adding
2 2 2 2
r (cos θ + sin θ) = 3 + 1 ⇒ r = 4 ⇒ r = 2
–
∴ 2 cos θ = √3 and 2 sin θ = 1
√3
∴ cos θ =
2
and sin θ = 1

Since sin θ and cos θ are both positive

∴ θ lies in first quadrant
π
∴ θ=
6

π π
Hence polar form of z is 2 (cos 6
+ i sin
6
)

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