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    Intro To SQL

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    moustaphahassaan584
    SQL is a language used to store, manipulate, and retrieve data in relational databases. It is a standard language used by all major database systems like MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server. SQL allows users to query and manipulate data by allowing them to select, insert, update, and delete records in tables. It also allows users to define database schemas and grant permissions on tables.

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    Intro To SQL

    Uploaded by

    moustaphahassaan584
    30 views15 pages
    SQL is a language used to store, manipulate, and retrieve data in relational databases. It is a standard language used by all major database systems like MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server. SQL allows users to query and manipulate data by allowing them to select, insert, update, and delete records in tables. It also allows users to define database schemas and grant permissions on tables.

    Original Description:

    a quick introduction to sql

    Original Title

    intro to sql

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    SQL is a language used to store, manipulate, and retrieve data in relational databases. It is a standard language used by all major database systems like MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server. SQL allows users to query and manipulate data by allowing them to select, insert, update, and delete records in tables. It also allows users to define database schemas and grant permissions on tables.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views15 pages

    Intro To SQL

    Uploaded by

    moustaphahassaan584
    SQL is a language used to store, manipulate, and retrieve data in relational databases. It is a standard language used by all major database systems like MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server. SQL allows users to query and manipulate data by allowing them to select, insert, update, and delete records in tables. It also allows users to define database schemas and grant permissions on tables.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 15

    What is SQL?

    SQL is Structured Query Language, which is a computer


    language for storing, manipulating and retrieving data stored
    in relational database.

    SQL is the standard language for Relation Database System. All


    relational database management systems like MySQL, MS Access,
    Oracle, Sybase, Informix, postgres and SQL Server use SQL as
    standard database language.
    Rational Database

    Is a collection of Tables
    Table name Attribute names
    Tables

    Product

    PName Price Category Manufacturer


    Is just a set of rows
    Gizmo $19.99 Gadgets GizmoWorks
    and columns like a
    spread sheet which Powergizmo $29.99 Gadgets GizmoWorks
    represent exactly one
    SingleTouch $149.99 Photography Canon
    type of entity
    MultiTouch $203.99 Household Hitachi

    Tuples or rows
    Contents of a Table

    • A table contains the actual data in records (rows).


    • A record is composed of fields (columns).

    • Each record contains one set of data values.

    • The schema of a table is the table name and its attributes:


    Product(PName, Price, Category, Manfacturer)
    • Each raw or record of table contains information about a
    single entity

    Ex: in a table representing employees each row represents


    a single person

    • Each column or field of table contains a single attribute


    for all rows in the table

    Ex: in a table representing employees , we might have a


    column containing first and last names for all employees
    Key field for Identifying Rows
    ▪ A table contains a primary key that uniquely identifies a row of data.

    ▪ Each record must have a distinct value of primary key

    ▪ The primary key is used to relate (join) tables.

    ID is the primary key in City table.

    +------+------------+-------+-------------+---------+
    | ID | Name | CCode | District | Populatn
    +------+---------------+------------------+---------+
    | 3320 | Bangkok | THA | Bangkok | 6320174 |
    | 3321 | Nonthaburi | THA | Nonthaburi | 292100 |
    | 3323 | Chiang Mai | THA | Chiang Mai | 171100 |
    +------+------------+-------+-------------+---------+
    Selecting single columns
    A query is a request for data from a database table
    Note

    • Keywords are not case-sensitive which means you can write it upper
    case or lower case
    • Preferred use keyword in upper case to distinguish them from other
    parts of your query like column and table names

    Ex: SELECT name FROM people

    • A query included a semicolon at the end (;)


    • Case insensitive:
    • Same: SELECT Select select
    • Same: Product product
    • Different: ‘Seattle’ ‘seattle’
    What can SQL do?

    • SQL can retrieve data from a database


    • SQL can insert records in a database
    • SQL can update records in a database
    • SQL can delete records from a database
    • SQL can create new databases
    • SQL can create new tables in a database
    • SQL can create stored procedures in a database
    • SQL can create views in a database
    • SQL can set permissions on tables, procedures, and views
    Simple SQL Query
    Product PName Price Category Manufacturer
    Gizmo $19.99 Gadgets GizmoWorks
    Powergizmo $29.99 Gadgets GizmoWorks
    SingleTouch $149.99 Photography Canon
    MultiTouch $203.99 Household Hitachi

    SELECT *
    FROM Product
    WHERE category=‘Gadgets’

    PName Price Category Manufacturer


    Gizmo $19.99 Gadgets GizmoWorks

    “selection” Powergizmo $29.99 Gadgets GizmoWorks


    SQL data types
    Ways to Use SQL

    • console command

    • GUI interfaces are often available

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