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27. What is run length encoding?

Run length encoding is a compression
technique used to store the intensity
values in the frame buffer, which store
search scan line as a set of integer pairs.
One number each pair indicates an
intensity value, and second number
specifies the number of adjacent pixels on
the scan line that are to have that
intensity value.

28. What is point in the computer

graphics system?
The point is a most basic graphical
element 8& is completely defined by a pair
of user coordinates (x, y).

29. Write short notes on lines?

A line is of infinite extent can be def
by an angle of slope q and one point on

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33. What is Transformation?

Transformation is the process of
introducing changes in the shape size and
orientation of the object using scaling
rotation reflection shearing & translation
etc.

34. What is translation?

Translation is the process of changing the
position of an object in a straight-line path
from one coordinate location to another.
Every point (x, y) in the object must
under go a displacement to (x|,y|). the
transtormationis:x| =X*W; y| =y#y

35. What is rotation?

A 2-D rotation is done by re positioning
the coordinates along a circular path, in
the x-y plane by making an angle with the
axes. The transformation is given by:X| =

r cos ( + f) and Y| =r sin (7 + f).

36. What is scaling?

A 2-D rotation is done by re positioning
the coordinates along a circular path, in
the x-y plane by making an angle with the
axes. The transformation is given by:X| =

r cos (g+ 1) and Y| = r Sin (q + I).

37. What is shearing?

The shearing transformation actually
slants the object along the X direction or
the Y direction as required. ie; this
transformation slants the shape of an
object along a required plane.

38. What is reflection?

The reflection is actually the
transformation that produces a mirror
image of an object. For this use some
angles and lines of reflection.

39. What are the two classifications of

shear transformation?
X shear, y shear

40. A point (4,3) is rotated

counterclockwise by an angle of 45.
Find the rotation matrix and the
resultant

point

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41. Name any three font editing tools.

ResEdit, FONTo grapher

42. Differentiate serif and sans serif

fonts.
Give one example Serif fonts has a little
decoration at the end of the letter,but serif
font has not. Times, new centuryy
schoolbook is the examples of serif fonts.
Arial, optima are examples for sanserif
1onts.

43. Distinguish between window port &

view port?
A portion of a picture that is to be
displayed bya window is known as
window port. The display area of the part
selected or the form in which the selected
part is viewed is known as vieW port.

44. Define clipping?

Clipping is the method of cutting a
graphics display to neatly fit a predefined
graphies region or the view port.

45. What is the need of homogeneous

coordinates?
To pertorm more than one transformation
at a time, use homogeneous coordinates
or matrixes. They reduce unwanted
calculations intermediate steps saves time
and memory and produce a sequence of
transformations.

COMPUTERGRAPHICS Lab VVA

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