Question Bank for

CLASS XII

PHYSICS
 Physics Question Bank - Class XII

Question Bank
Class -12 Physics
subjective type Questions for the session 2020-2021

Unit – 1 Electrostatics
Short answer type quextions (2 or 3 Marks)

1) State coulombs law. Express it mathematically.

2) Define quantization of charge. What is its cause?

3) Sate principle of conservation of charge. Give one example.

4) Name a physical quantity whose S.I. unit is NC-1. Define it.

5) Name a physical quantity whose S.I. unit is JC-1. Define it

6) Explain, why two electric field lines never intersect each other?

7) Explain, why two equipotential surfaces never intersect each other?

8) Define equipotential surface. Draw equipoential surfaces for a point charge.

9) Draw equipoential surfaces for uniform electric field along +x–axis.

10) Draw equipoential surfaces for non uniform electric field along +y–axis.

11) Define Dielectric constant. Write its units.

12) Define capacitance. Write its SI units.

13) Define one Coulomb.

14) Define one Farad.

15) Define dipole moment. Write its SI unit.

16) An electrostatic field line cannot be discontinuous. Why?

17) Write the expression for torque acting on an electric dipole in uniform electric field. Express
it in vector form also.

18) Which orientation corresponds the dipole in i) stable equilibrium ii) in unstable equilibrium.

19) How many electrons must be removed from a metal ball so that it acquire a charge of
6.4mC.

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 Physics Question Bank - Class XII

20) Calculate the coulomb force between two protons placed at 20cm apart.

21) An isolated spherical capacitor having radius 18cm. Find its capacitance and energy stored if
a potential of 100V is applied on it.

22) Find the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor having plate area 20cm2 , separation
between the plates is 17.7mm and a medium having dielectric constant 5 is filled between the
plates.

23) Derive an expression for electric field intensity on an axial line due to an electric dipole.

24) Derive an expression for electric field intensity on an equatorial line due to an electric
dipole.

25) Derive an expression for torque acting on an electric dipole placed in uniform electric field.

26) Derive an expression for electric potential energy acting on an electric dipole placed in
uniform electric field.

27) Using Gauss theorem, derive an expression for electric field intensity due to a thin infinite
long wire having linear charge density λ.

28) Using Gauss theorem, derive an expression for electric field intensity due to a thin infinite
plane sheet having surface charge density σ.

29) Derive an expression for capacitance of parallel plate capacitor.

30) Three capacitors having capacitance C1,C2 and C3 are connected in series. Derive an
expression for capacitance of the combination.

31) Three capacitors having capacitance C1,C2 and C3 are connected in parallel. Derive an
expression for capacitance of the combination.

32) Derive an expression for energy stored in a parallel plate capacitor.

Unit – 2 Current Electricity

33) Define current. Write its SI unit.

34) Define specific resistance. Write its SI unit.

35) State Ohms law. Draw variation of Current with Voltage for a given resistance.

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36) Define drift velocity.

37) Define current density. Write its SI unit.

38) State Kirchhoff’s laws.

39) A cell of emf 2.5 V gives a balancing length of 40cm on a potentiometer wire. Find the emf
of another cell for which balancing length is found to be 60cm.

40) Why standard resistance coils are made up of constantan (alloy)?

41) Keeping the length of a conductor same, if potential difference applied is made doubled,
what is the effect on drift velocity?

42) What is Wheat stone bridge? Using suitable circuit diagram derive an expression for
balancing condition for it.

43) Define Meter Bridge. What is its principle? How it can be used to measure unknown
resistance?

44) What is potentiometer? Write its principle. On what factors do its sensitivity depends.

45) With the help of suitable circuit diagram explain how a potentiometer can be used for
comparison of emf of two cells.

46) With the help of suitable circuit diagram derive an expression for internal resistance of a
cell.

47) Define drift velocity. Derive an expression for it.

48) Prove that I = neAVd. Here I= current, n= number density, A = area of cross section , Vd =
Drift velocity.

Unit– 3 Magnetic effects of current and magnetism

49) State Biot-Savart’s law.

50) State Ampere circuital law.

51) Under what condition a moving charge particle experience maximum force in uniform
magnetic field?

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52) Under what condition a moving charge particle experience zero force in uniform magnetic
field?

53) Write an expression for force acting on a charge particle moving in a uniform magnetic field.
Also express it in vector form.

54) A solenoid having length 1m and number of turns 4000 carries a current of 5A. Calculate the
magnetic field at the center of solenoid.

55) Find the magnetic field at the center of a circular coil having 200 turns, radius 10cm and
carries a current of 2mA.

56) Find the force acting on a conductor having length 80cm, carries a current of 2A and lying in
a uniform magnetic field of 5T at an angle of 300.

57) What is radial magnetic field? What is its advantage?

58) State and prove Ampere Circuital Law.

59) What is solenoid? Using Ampere circuital law, derive an expression for magnetic field at the
center of Solenoid.

60) Using Ampere circuital law, derive an expression for magnetic field in between the coils of
toroidal solenoid.

61) With the help of suitable circuit diagram, explain how will you convert a Galvanometer into
an Ammeter?

62) With the help of suitable circuit diagram, explain how will you convert a Galvanometer into
a Voltmeter?

63) Using Biot-Savart’s law, derive an expression for magnetic field at the center of circular coil
carrying current.

Long Answer Type Questions (5 marks)

64) State Biot–Savart’s law. Using this derive an expression for magnetic field on the axis of a
current carrying circular coil.

65) Two Long straight parallel current carrying current I1 and I2 respectively in same direction
are separated by a distance r apart. Derive an expression for force acting between the
conductors. Mention the nature of this force.

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66) Derive an expression for torque acting on a current carrying coil placed in a uniform
magnetic field.

67) What is moving coil Galvanometer? Write its principle. Prove that in radial magnetic field
deflection produced is directly proportional to the current flowing through the ciol.

Unit – 4 Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating current

68) Define self inductance. Write its SI unit.

69) Define mutual inductance. Write its SI unit.

70) State Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction.

71) Explain, why does a capacitor blocks D.C.?

72) Define Reactance and Impedance.

73) An a.c. generator consists of a coil of 50 turns & area 2.5m2 rotating at an angular speed of
60 rads-1 in a uniform magnetic field of 0.30T. The resistance of circuit is 500Ω. What is the
maximum current drawn from the generator.

74) In series L.C.R. circuit the voltages across inductor, capacitor & resistance are 20V, 20V &
40V respectively. Find the phase difference between voltage & current.

75) In series L.C.R. circuit the voltages across inductor, capacitor & resistance are 30V, 30V &
60V respectively. Find net e.m.f. of the circuit.

76) Find the capacitance of the capacitor that would have a reactance of 100Ω when used with
an a.c. source of frequency 5/π kHz.

77) Find the inductance of the inductor that would have a reactance of 50Ω when used with an
a.c. source of frequency 25/π kHz.

78) What is the power dissipated in an a.c. circuit in which voltage & current are given by
V=230Sin(ωt+π/2), I=10Sin(ωt).

79) What is Transformer? What is its principle? What are various losses in transformer?

80) A 50mH inductor, capacitor of 80µF & 40Ω resistor are connected in series across 230V a.c.
source of variable frequency. Calculate (i) Resonant frequency (ii) Impedance & current at
resonance

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81) Define impedance. Derive an expression for it for a series LCR circuit.

82) What is resonance? Derive an expression for resonant frequency of an LCR circuit.

83) Prove that in case of an ideal capacitor current leads emf by π/2 when connected with an ac
source.

84) Prove that in case of an ideal inductor current lags emf by π/2 when connected with an ac
source.

85) A resistance is connected with an ac source. Derive an expression for power associated with
it.

86) Prove that in case of an ideal capacitor power consumption is zero when connected with an
ac source.

87) Prove that in case of an ideal inductor power consumption is zero when connected with an
ac source.

88) A series LCR circuit with R=44Ω, C=8µF and 50H is connected to a variable frequency 220V
ac supply. Calculate angular frequency, impedance and current at resonance condition.

89) A jet plane is travelling west at a speed of 1800kmh-1. What is the voltage difference
develops between the ends of the wings having a span of 25m, if earth’s magnetic field at a
location has a magnitude of 5×10-4T and dip angle is 300?

Unit – 5 Electromagnetic waves

90) Write two uses of Gamma rays.

91) Write two uses of X-rays.

92) Write two uses of UV-rays.

93) Write two uses of visible rays.

93) Write two uses of IR-rays.

94) Write two uses of Microwaves.

95) Write two uses of Radio waves.

96) Write any two properties of em waves.

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 Physics Question Bank - Class XII

97) Suppose that the electric field part of an E.M. wave in vacuum is → = 3.1NC-1 cos[(1.8radm-
𝑬𝑬
1
)y + (5.4x106 rads-1)t]𝚤𝚤̂ (a) What is the wavelength? (b) What is the frequency?

98) Name the constituent radiation of electromagnetic spectrum which

a) is used in satellite communication.

b) is absorbed by ozone layer emitted by Sunlight.

c) produces intense heating effect.

d) have a wavelength range of 400nm to 700nm.

99) Name the constituent radiation of electromagnetic spectrum which

a) is used for studying crystal structure.

b) is used in night vision camera.

c) is used in Radar.

d) is used to detect cancer diseases.

100) Arrange the following em waves in the ascending order of wavelength. Radiowaves, X-
rays, IR –rays, Microwaves, UV rays, Gamma rays. Write their frequency range also.

Unit -6 Optics
Short Answer Questions (2 or 3 Marks)

101) What is refraction of light? State laws of refraction of light.

102) Define Total internal reflection. Write conditions for Total internal reflection.

103) Define critical angle. Write its relation with refractive index.

104) Define dispersion of light. What is its cause?

105) Define power of a lens. Write is SI unit.

106) The focal length of a concave lens is 20cm. Calculate its power.

107) Two thin lenses of power +7D & -3D are in contact. What is the focal length of the
combination?

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 Physics Question Bank - Class XII

108) A thin equilateral glass prism gives a minimum deviation of 300. What is the refractive
index of material of prism?

109) Calculate the speed of light in a medium, whose critical angle is 450.

110) The radii of curvature of the curved face of a Plano- convex lens made of glass of refractive
index 1.5 is 20cm. Find the focal length of the lens.

111) Define wavefront. Draw the wavefront for a point source of light.

112) What are the conditions for coherent sources of light?

113) Define Interference of light. What are their types?

114) Define diffraction of light. What is the condition for diffraction to take place?

Long Answer Type Question (5 marks)

115) Define and derive lens formula for a convex lens forming a real image.

116)

(i) What is optical fiber? On what principle does it work? What are its applications.

(ii) Why diamond shines?

117) State and prove prism formula.

118) Distinguish between Interference and Diffraction of light. Give on example of each.

119) Define fringe and fringe width. Derive an expression for fringe width for single slit
experiment.

120) What is diffraction of light? With the help of suitable diagram explain Diffraction of light
due to single experiment.

121) Draw the labeled ray diagram to show the formation of image in an astronomical
telescope for normal adjustment. Define magnification and write the expression for it.

122) Draw the labelled ray diagram to show the formation of image in an astronomical
telescope for near point adjustment . Define magnification and write the expression for it.

123) Draw the labelled ray diagram to show the formation of image in an compound
microscope for near point adjustment . Define magnification and write the expression for
it.

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 Physics Question Bank - Class XII

124) State Huyghen’s postulates. Using these prove laws of reflection of light.

125) State Huyghen’s postulates. Using these prove laws of refraction of light.

126) State and prove Lens maker’s formula.

127) A ray of light suffers refraction from rarer to denser for a convex refracting surface. Draw
the ray diagram and derive the expression (µ2 - µ1)/R = µ2 /v- µ1/u. Here µ2 , µ1 are
refractive indices for medium , air respectively, R= radius of curvature , u= object distance,
v= image distance.

Unit – 7 Dual nature of radiation of matter and radiation

128) What are photons? Write its properties.

129) Define (i) Threshold energy (ii) Stopping potential

130) Write the laws of Photo electric emission.

131) Write Einstein’s photoelectric equation. Draw the variation of Kinetic energy of
photoelectron with frequency of incident radiation.

132) Draw the variation of Kinetic energy of photoelectron with frequency of incident radiation.
What does the slope of this graph depicts?

133) Draw the variation of stopping potential of photoelectron with frequency of incident
radiation. What does the slope of this graph depicts?

134) Draw the variation of Photoelectric current with anode potential, keeping frequency same
but varying intensity.

135) Draw the variation of Photoelectric current with anode potential, keeping intensity same
but varying frequency.

136) What will be the de- Broglie wavelength when the accelerating potential is 4V.

137) What will be the de- Broglie wavelength when the accelerating potential is 100V.

138) Two metals A & B have work functions 2eV & 5eV respectively. Which metal has lower
threshold wavelength?

139) If the maximum kinetic energy of electrons emitted in a photocell is 5eV, what will be the
stopping potential?

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 Physics Question Bank - Class XII

140) The photoelectric cut-off voltage in a certain experiment is 1.5V. What will be maximum
kinetic energy?

141) Find the energy of a photon having wavelength 6000Å.

142) Find the energy of a photon having wavelength 400nm.

143) Three metals A, B & C having work functions 5eV, 3.8eV & 2.8eV respectively. Which metal
will emit electrons, when it is radiated with light of wavelength 4125Å?

Unit - 8 Atoms and Nuclei

144) Define distance of closest approach and impact parameter.

145) On the basis of Bohr’s atomic model, derive an expression for radius of nth orbit of an
electron.

146) On the basis of Bohr’s atomic model, derive an expression for total energy of nth orbit of
an electron.

147) The ground state energy of H-atom is -13.6eV. What are the kinetic & potential energies of
electron?

148) An electron makes a transition from an energy level -1.51eV to -3.4eV. Calculate the
wavelength of spectrum line emitted & name the series of H spectrum to which it belongs.

149) Calculate the shortest & longest wavelength in the Blamer series of H atom.

150) An electron makes a transition from second excited state to ground state. Calculate the
wavelength of spectrum line emitted & name the series of H spectrum to which it belongs.

151) An electron makes a transition from (i) Second permitted energy level to first permitted
energy level.(ii) highest permitted energy level to first permitted energy level. Calculate
the wavelength of spectrum line emitted & name the series of H spectrum to which it
belongs.

Unit – 9 Electronic Devices

152) Explain the difference between Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductors.

153) Explain the difference between n-type and p-type semiconductors.

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 Physics Question Bank - Class XII

154) On the basis of energy band diagram distinguish between Metal, Insulator and
Semiconductors.

155) On the basis of energy band diagram distinguish between n-type, p-type and Intrinsic
Semiconductors.

156) What are p-type semiconductors? How these are formed?

157) What are n-type semiconductors? How these are formed?

158) Draw forward and reverse characteristics of a p-n junction diode.Explain it.

159) Draw the circuit diagram of Half wave rectifier. Explain its working.

160) Draw the circuit diagram of Full wave rectifier. Explain its working.

161) What is LED? Draw the circuit diagram and explain its working. Also give its advantages
over the conventional incandescent lamp.

162) Write a short note on Photo diode.

163) Explain the working of Solar cell. Write the uses of solar cell.

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