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Override Control System

This document summarizes an online resource for learning about instrumentation tools. It discusses that the website instrumentationtools.com covers topics related to industrial instrumentation including PLCs, DCS, SCADA, field instruments, and analyzers. The resource provides information about different types of control strategies used in instrumentation like limit, selector, and override controls.

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Instrumentation Tools
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33 views

Override Control System

This document summarizes an online resource for learning about instrumentation tools. It discusses that the website instrumentationtools.com covers topics related to industrial instrumentation including PLCs, DCS, SCADA, field instruments, and analyzers. The resource provides information about different types of control strategies used in instrumentation like limit, selector, and override controls.

Uploaded by

Instrumentation Tools
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Instrumentation Tools

Learn Instrumentation and Control Engineering. Inst Tools covers topics of Industrial
Instrumentation, PLC, DCS, SCADA, Field Instruments, Analyzers and so on.
https://instrumentationtools.com

Author: Instrumentation Tools

Categories: Control Systems

Limit, Selector, and Override controls

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Another category of control strategies involves the use of signal relays or function blocks with
the ability to switch between different signal values, or re-direct signals to new pathways. Such
functions are useful when we need a control system to choose between multiple signals of
differing value in order to make the best control decisions. The “building blocks” of such control
strategies are special relays (or function blocks in a digital control system) shown here:

InstrumentationTools.com
Instrumentation Tools
Learn Instrumentation and Control Engineering. Inst Tools covers topics of Industrial
Instrumentation, PLC, DCS, SCADA, Field Instruments, Analyzers and so on.
https://instrumentationtools.com

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High-select functions output whichever input signal has the greatest value. Low-select functions
do just the opposite: output whichever input signal has the least value. “Greater-than” and
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“Less than” symbols mark these two selector functions, respectively, and each type may be
equipped to receive more than two input signals.

Sometimes you will see these relays represented in P&IDs simply by an inequality sign in the
middle of the large bubble, rather than off to the side in a square. You should bear in mind that
the location of the input lines has no relationship at all to the direction of the inequality symbol –
e.g., it is not as though a high-select relay looks for the input on the left side to be greater than
the input on the right. Note the examples shown below, complete with sample signal values:

InstrumentationTools.com
Instrumentation Tools
Learn Instrumentation and Control Engineering. Inst Tools covers topics of Industrial
Instrumentation, PLC, DCS, SCADA, Field Instruments, Analyzers and so on.
https://instrumentationtools.com

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High-limit and low-limit functions are similar to high- and low-select functions, but they only
receive one input each, and the limit value is a parameter programmed into the function rather
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than received from another source. The purpose of these functions is to place a set limit on how
high or how low a signal value is allowed to go before being passed on to another portion of the
control system. If the signal value lies within the limit imposed by the function, the input signal
value is simply passed on to the output with no modification.

Like the select functions, limit functions may appear in diagrams with nothing more than the limit
symbol inside the bubble, rather than being drawn in a box off to the side:

InstrumentationTools.com
Instrumentation Tools
Learn Instrumentation and Control Engineering. Inst Tools covers topics of Industrial
Instrumentation, PLC, DCS, SCADA, Field Instruments, Analyzers and so on.
https://instrumentationtools.com

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Rate limit functions place a maximum rate-of-change limit on the input signal, such that the
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output signal will follow the input signal precisely until and unless the input signal’s rate-of-
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change over time ( dx/dt ) exceeds the pre-configured limit value. In that case, the relay still
produces a ramping output value, but the rate of that ramp remains fixed at the limit dx/dt value
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no matter how fast the input keeps changing. After the output value “catches up” with the input
value, the function once again will output a value precisely matching the input unless the input
begins to rise or fall at too fast a rate again.

Also Read : Limit Controls : High Limit & Low Limit Functions

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