1 8th Science Term 3 Sura Guides Notes Download English Medium
1 8th Science Term 3 Sura Guides Notes Download English Medium
1 8th Science Term 3 Sura Guides Notes Download English Medium
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as8.a Define the following sal a) Amplitude, b) Loudness.
aterms: asa
l
asa
l
m
a d Ans. (a) Amplitude a d a d a d
.P w.P: Amplitude is the maximum w.Pdisplacement of a vibrating
w.Pparticle from its
ww w w
mean position. It is denoted by ‘A’ and its unit is ‘metre’ (m).
w w w w ww
w
(b) gLoudness : It is defined as the
r a weak or feeble sound rg characteristic of a sound that
rgofenables us to distinguish g
i.isOr
co
l a i . O l a i .Ofrom a loud sound. The
l a i .O
unit loudness of soundl a
sa decibel (dB). das a s a s a
. P ada . Pa .P ada . P ada
ww 9.
w
w
How doeswplanting trees help in reducing w
ww noise pollution? ww
w
ww
w
Ans. (i) Plant parts such as stems, leaves, branches wood, etc., absorb sound.
.OrgRough bark and thick,lafleshy .Orgleaves are particularlylaeffective
.Org at absorbing soundladue .Org
s.
i(ii) i i i
l a
a d asa a d sa area and helps in reducing
to their dynamicasurface
a d asa noise pollution. adasa
.P VI. Answerw .P :
inwdetail w.P w.P
ww ww ww ww
w
ok
w
1. Describe an experiment to show that sound cannot travel through vacuum.
l .Org: To prove that sound cannot
Ans.aiAim
la i rg through vacuum and iti.needs
.Otravel l a Org a medium for propagation.
l a i .Org
a a asa pump. a
P a das Materials Required P a da: sBell jar, mobile phonePanda dvacuum P a das
. Procedurew:w. . .
ww ww ww ww
w
SOUND
Padasalai
o
w
(i) Take a bell jar and a mobile phone. w w
(ii) rgSwitch on the music in thermobile g phone and place rg rg
i . O i .O i. O i . O
ab
l a it in the jar. a a a
asa (iii) Now, pump out al from the bell jar using a vacuum
asair
the asa
l
asa
l
a d a d a d a d
.P pump. w.P w.P w.P
ww w w w w
(iv) As more and more air is removed from the jar, the w w ww
w
. O rgsound
finally,
from the mobile phone
very faint. . Org becomes feebler andi.Org .Org
ur
a l a i a l a i a l a a l a i
das Conclusion : This experiment das proves that sound cannot dastravel in vacuum and it needs
daasmedium.
.Pa .Pa .Pa .Pa
ww 2. What are w
wwthe properties of sound? ww
w
ww
w
ww
w
Ans. (a) Loudness
.s
la i .OrgPitch
(b)
l a i .Org l a i .Org l a i .Org
a d asa (c) Quality or Timbre a d asa a d asa a d asa
.P (a) Loudness :
ww w.P w.P w.P w
w
P a (iv) When P a
a ddrum is softly beaten, a a
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P dawhen it is
. w. strongly, a loud soundwiswproduced.. w.
ww w wbeaten w w w ww
w
(v) The unit of loudness of sound is decibel (dB).
rgPitch : rg rg rg
w
i(b)
. O i .O i . O i . O
l a a
al characteristic of sound athat la sal aa
a d asa (i) The pitch a
a d
issthe
a d saenables us to distinguish a
a d
between
flat .sound
ww
.P
(ii)ww w P the and a shrill sound.
w.P w.P w
Higher frequency of sound,ww higher will be the pitch. High wwpitch adds shrillness ww
to a sound.
r g g g g
i.O (iii) The sound produced i.Obyr a whistle, a bell, a flute and
i.Oarviolin are high pitch sounds. i.Or
d a sala as ala as ala as ala
.Pa .Pad .Pad .Pad 5
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Sura’s Science 8th Std Term - III
a i .Org lai.O
rg
ai .Or g
i.Org
sa l
asa sa l sala
ada Ans. Case 1 : ad a da a da
w.P (i) Now, w.P w.P w.P w
w wwstrike it with a stick. ww ww ww
(ii) Touch the pan gently with your index finger. Do you feel the vibrations?
i . O rg i . Org i . Org i . O rg
l a Observation : l a l a l a
asa we can the feel theadvibration
asa for sometime. adasa asa
m
a d a d
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww Case 2 :w w w w w w ww
w
(i) rgStrike the pan with the stick and
.Org hold tightly with your hands,
.Orgimmediately after striking..Org
co
l a i .O l a i l a i l a i
a d asa (ii) Do you still ahear d asthea sound? a d asa a d asa
.P Observationw:.P w.P w.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
we cannot hear the sound.
.Org .Orgthe vibrating pan produces rg .Org
s.
l a iConclusion : This activitylashows
i l a i .Osound. l a i
a
as asa asa asa
a d ACTIVITY - 3 a d a d a d
.P .P .P w.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
ok
Take a wmetal dish, pour some waterwin it. Strike it
Physics
Padasalai
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Ans. I can feel the dish vibrating.
i . rg the dish again. Looki.atOthe
Strike
O rg surface of water. Doi.you
O rgsee any movement on the
i . O rg
ab
la l a la l a
a d asa water surface? adasa a d asa a dasa
Unit 1
sa laACTIVITY -5 s a lai s a lai s a
ad a d a a da
adlisten to the sound produced
.P .Paand strike them together
Take two stones .Pand .Pa by them.
ww ww
Now take
w w
w them. You will find that
the stones underwater andwstrike
w
wwthe sound produced ww
w
by the stones underwater is feeble and not very clear.
.s
Ans.
la i.Org
Observation i
: We observelathat
rgsound produced by thei.stones
.Othe l a Org underwater is feeblelaand
i .Org
a d asa not very clear. adasa a d asa a d asa
.P .P activity shows that thewspeed
.P of sound depends on the .P
ww Conclusionww: This ww properties of the w
w
w w w w ww
medium through which it travels.
i.O rg i .Org i .Org i .Org
sala a la
das Additional PQuestions das
a l a
das
a l a
w
P a da P a a P a
. w. w. w.
ww ww ww ww ww
w
I. Choose the correct answer :
Org cannot travel through rg rg rg
w
.
1.alaiSound a i .O___________. a i . O a i . O
d as (a) solid d sal
(b)a liquid d
(c) vacuum asa
l
(d) air d
[Ans.a(c)
sal
avacuum]
.P a a a
ww Vibrations w.P w.P w.P w
2. wwin a body produce ___________.
ww ww ww
(a) pressure (b) sound (c) density (d) current
g g g g
i.Or i.Or i.Or i.Or
[Ans. (b) sound]
d a sala as ala as ala as ala
.Pa 8 .Pad .Pad .Pad
ww ww
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Sura’s Science 8th Std Term - III
. O r g .Org .Org .Org
a la i l a i l ai l a i
das9. Sound is produced by sa
davibrating bodies. das
a
das
a
. P a P a P a P a
ww Ans. True. w. w. w. w
ww ww ww ww
10. The frequency of sound is varied by varying the length of the vibrating wire.
Ans.aiTrue.
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al l a l a l a
asIV. asa : asa asa
m
a d Match the d
following
a a d a d
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww 1. w w
1. String vibration w w
(a) Flute w w ww
w
2. rg Membrane vibration (b) Bicycle bell
Org Org Org
co
i.O i . i . i .
sala 3. Vibration of air sa l a (c) Table
asa
l a
asa
l a
.P ada 4. Vibration a d a
.Pof plate (d) Gitar .P a d [Ans. (1 - d, 2 -.P a d
c, 3 - a, 4 - b)]
ww ww
w
ww
w
ww
w
ww
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2. 1. Audible range (a) 50 Hz to 45000 Hz
g .OrgAbove 20,000 Hz lai.Org .Org
s.
i .2.
O r Infrasonic range (b)
i i
l a l a l a
a d asa 3. Ultrasonic range a d asa (c) 20 Hz to 20 ak dHzasa a d asa
.P .P P
20. Hz
P
2 -. d, 3 - b, 4 - a)]
ww 4. Dog’s wwhearing range (d) Below ww c, w
[Ans. (1 - w
ww
w
ok
w w w
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la i Or
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.O Man l ai .Org l a i.Org
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a
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w w.P w P w. P w. P w
ww voice ww [Ans. (1w- w ww
SOUND
Padasalai
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4. Flatter (d) Amplitude c, 2 - d, 3 - a, 4 - b)]
4.
i .1.
O rg Frequency (a)
i .O rgDecibel i . O rg i . O rg
ab
la l a l a l a
a d asa 2. Loudness adasa (b) Noise buffersadasa a d asa
.P w.P (c) Hertzww.
P w.P
ww 3. Wavelength
ww w ww ww
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4. Tree (d) Metre [Ans. (1 - c, 2 - a, 3 - d, 4 - b)]
O rg .O r g .Org .Org
V.alai.Assertion
ur
and Reason.a l a i l a i l a i
a d as Mark the correct
a d aschoice as : a d asa a d asa
.P w.P w.P w.P of assertion.
ww (a) Bothww assertion and reason are true ww ww
and reason is the correct explanation ww
w
(b) g
r Both assertion and reasoni.O are g
r true but reason is not theicorrect
rg explanation of assertion.
.s
l a i. O
(c) Assertion is true but reason
l a is false. l a . O l ai .Org
a d asa (d) Assertion is false a d sa reason is true.
abut a d asa a d asa
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww (e) Both w
w Assertion and reason are false.
w
w
ww ww ww
1. Assertion : Sound waves do not travel through vacuum.
.Org
laiReason The speedlaofi.O
:
rg
ai.O
sound is too small whenlcompared
rg
to speed of light.lai.O
rg
asa sa a
dasreason are true but reason
a
daissnot the
w
l a i . O l a i . O la i . O l a i . O
a d as2.a Assertion : We a d
cannot
asa hear the sound produced
a d asaby a vibrating pendulum. a d asa
.P Reason :
.PThe frequency of the pendulum
w.P is very less. w.P
ww w w w
w w w w
[Ans. (a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the ww
w
rg correctrg explanation of assertion.] rg
l a i .O l a i .Org l a i.O lai.O
s a s a s a s a
da da da da
.Pa .Pa .Pa .Pa
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ww
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w
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Sura’s Science 8th Std Term - III
a i .Org lai.O
rg
ai .Or g
i.O rg
l
sa Down : asa sa l sala
ada ad ada ada
w.P A unit used w.P . P
w of sound. w.P w
w 1. wwto measure the loudness or
ww intensity ww ww
3. Sound wave whose frequency is too high to be heard by humans.
.Org wave whose frequency
5. laiSound a i . O
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g
rtoo low to be heard by .
humans.
a i Org i.O rg
as7.a A reflection of sound.asa
l
asa
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a d a d a d da
.P P
w.science .P .Pa
ww 9. The branch
wof w deals with the study wwof seismic waves.
w ww
w
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asa
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ww 8
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a la i . O r
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SOUND
Padasalai
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1. A sound has a frequency of 60 Hz and a wavelength of 20 m. What is the speed of the sound?
i . rg :
Solution
O i .O rg i. O rg i . O rg
ab
a
sal Given : Frequencysa a
n l = 60 Hz sal a sal a
. Pada Wavelength . P ada λ = 20 m . P ada . P ada
ww ww ww
w
ww
w
ww
w
To find w
: Speed V = ?
Formula
.Org : V = n λrg
. O .Org . Org
ur
l a i l a i l a i l a i
a d as
a
a d asVa == 120 20 × 60
ms –1 a d asa a d asa
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
2. A sound has a wavelength of 50 m and a speed of 10 ms–1. What is the frequency of
.s
g wave?
.Orsound
the .Org .Org .Org
l a i l a i l a i l a i
a d asa Solution : a d asa a d asa a d asa
.P Given : w.P
Wavelength λ = 50 m .P .P
ww ww ww ww
w
ww Speed V = 10 ms
w
–1 w w
To
.O r g
find : n = .O ? rg .Org .Org
a l a i a la i a l a i a l a i
das Formula : Padas n = V das das
w
. P a P a P a
ww w. λ w. w. w
ww ww ww ww
10
Org r0g= 0.2 m rg rg
w
n = O O
lai. a i . 5 a i . i.O
d as a
da sa l
da sal a sala
.Pa .Pa a ad
ww w w.P w.P w
ww ww ww ww
i.O rg i.O rg rg rg
sala sala s alai.O sala
i.O
.P ada .Pa
da
.Pa
d a
.Pa
da
ww ww
w
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Sura’s Science 8th Std Term - III
. O r g .Org .Org .Org
a la i a l a i l a i l a i
das5. How can you identify dasnon-magnetic materials? sa an example of a non-
daGive sa
damagnetic
. P a material. w. P a . P a . P a
ww w w w ww w ww ww
w
Ans. (i) Materials which are not attracted by magnets are called non-magnetic materials.
i(ii)
. O rgExample : Wood, Glass,i.Org Plastic, Aluminium.i.Org
Rubber,
i . O rg
a
al Answer in detaila:sal a l a l a
asVI. asa asa
m
a d a d a d a d
.P .P w.P w.P
ww 1. wwuses of magnets in day-to-day
List outwthe ww life. ww ww
w
Ans. (i)
rgIn ancient times, the magnet gin the form of ‘direction stone’ helped seamen to find the rg
i.Or .Org
co
i.O directions during a a
voyage. i lai.O
da sala s l a sa l a s a
.Pa (ii) Nowadays, ada are used to generate
.Pmagnets ada
.Pelectricity in dynamos.
.Pa
da
w w w
(iii) Electromagnets are used in our w w
day-to-day life. w w
ww w ww ww
(iv) They are used in electric bells and electric motors.
.OrgThey are used in loudspeakers .Org and microphones. lai.Org .Org
s.
i(v) i i
l a l a l a
a d asa (vi) An extremelyad asa electromagnet is used
powerful
a din a fast moving Maglev trainatosaremain
asthe d
w .P .P the tracks.
floatingwabove w .P w .Pa w
w w w are used to sort out magnetic
ww substances from ww
ok
(vii) Inw industries, magnetic conveyor wbelts
Physics
Padasalai
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(x) The tip of the screw drivers are made slightly magnetic so that the screws remain
i . Orgattached to the tip. i.Org i. O rg i . O rg
ab
l a a
l strong electro magnets la l a
a d asa (xi) At hospitals,adextremely
asa a d asa are used in the MRI a d asa
(Magnetic
Unit 2
l a la i l a l a i
a d asa (ii) Now, make one a d
a magnetic poles of the bar
aofsthe a d
a
asmagnet touch one end of the
a d sa nail.
airon
.P .P its length in one direction
(iii) Slide itwalong w.Pslowly till the other endwiswreached.
.P
ww w w w w
(iv) Repeat the process, as shown in the diagram, 20 to 30 times. w ww
w
.s
(v) rgThe magnet has to be moved rgin one direction only. i.Org
l a i. O
(vi) Avoid the swiping ofl i
the
a . O
magnet back and forth. l a l ai .Org
a d asa (vii) Now, bring the a d asanail near the steel pins.
iron a d asa a d asa
.P P stick to the iron nail because
w.pins .P nail has become a temporary .P magnet.
ww (viii) The w
steel ww ww w
w
w w w ww
3. Write a note on Earth’s magnetism.
rg
.O Earth has been assumed rg
Oimagined by the scientists rg
Oa huge magnetic dipole.lai.O rg
Ans.
a lai(i) a lai.or a lai.as
s s s asa
w
i(iii)
. O r i .O
The line joining theseamagnetic i . O i . O
l a l a
sal pole at a point called a
salnorth
a d asa (iv) The magnetic a d asaintersects the geographic
axis
a d anorth a d athe
.P .P
geomagnetic .P .P
ww w ww pole or northern magnetic w ww pole. w ww ww
w
(v) It intersects the geographic south pole at a point called the south geomagnetic pole or
m
d d d [Ans.dmagstripe]
.P a a a a
ww III. True or w w.P - if false, give thewcorrect
False w.P statement : ww.P w
w w w ww
1. Magnets found in the nature are called artificial magnets.
.Org Correct statement: Magnets g
i.Or found in the nature arei.O rg natural magnets. rg
co
Ans. iFalse. called i.O
da 2. sala Magnetite is an oxide sala
daore of iron with the formula sala
daFe3O4. sala
a a a ada
w w.P Ans. True. ww
. P
ww
.P w.P w
w w ww ww
3. The strength of a artificial magnet is well determined and difficult to change.
.Org Correct statement: .Orgstrength of a naturallamagnet
.Org is well determinedlaand.Org
s.
Ans. iFalse. iThe i i
l a l a
ad asa difficult to change. asa
ad ad asa asa
ad
.P 4. w.Pis split vertically, the length
When a magnet P the magnet is altered andweach
w.of .P piece acts as
ww w w w ww
w
ok
w
a magnet. w w
Physics
Ans. True.
rg rg rg
la i .O la i .O l ai .O l a i.Org
5.a Unlike poles attract each aother and like poles repelaeach
a other. a
P a dasAns. True. Pa das P a d s P a das
. . . w.
ww ww ww ww ww
w
Padasalai
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6. The unitwof magnetic field is metre. w
Ans. False. rg Correct statement: The unit
rg of magnetic field is tesla or
rggauss. rg
i . O i .O i. O i . O
ab
l a l a a
al it is closer to the magnet. l a
a d as7.a The compass needle a d
gets
asadeflected to a large extent,
a d aswhich a d asa
Ans. True.
Unit 2
l a i la i l a i l a i
a d as9.a Magnets used in electric
a d asabells and cranes are theadexamples
asa of permanent magnets.a d asa
Ans. False. Correct.P
ww
.P w statement: Magnets used win.Pelectric bells and cranesware
w.P the examples of
w
wwmagnets.
temporary ww w ww
.s
ww ww ww
1.
l a i Org Directive property la(a)
.1. i rg intersect
.ONever l a i .Org l a i .Org
a 2. Magnetic polesasa (b) Magnetic compassasa a
das das
w
P a P a d P a d P a
. 3. Lines w of.force (c) Attract w. w.
ww ww ww ww ww
w
4. Unlike poles (d) Exist in pairs [Ans. (1 - b, 2 - d, 3 - a, 4 - c)]
rg short answer questions rg : rg rg
w
V. i.VeryO i .O i . O i . O
l a l a la l a
a d as1.a What is the otheraname d asaof lodestone? a d asa a d asa
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww Ans. Magnetite. ww(Iron oxide) ww ww ww
w
2. Convert 1 tesla into gauss.
Ans.ai1.O
rg
tesla = 10, 000 gauss. ai.O
rg i.Org i .Org
l l l a la
a d asa a d asa a d asa a d asa
.P 24 w.P w.P / 8124201000 w w.P
ww ww
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Ph: 9600175757 w / 8124301000 ww
w
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This is .only .Pa
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Sura’s Science 8th Std Term - III
. O r g .Org .Org .Org
a la i l a i l a i l a i
a das4. A freely suspended a asa aligns along the _______
dmagnet a
a
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35
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a i .Org lai.O
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ai .Or g
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sa l
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ada Ans. ad ada a da
w.P w.P . P
w Salt w.P w
w ww Acid Base ww ww ww
i. HCl NaOH NaCl
i . O
ii.
rgHNO NaOHi . Org NaNO3 i . Org i.O rg
sa l a 3 l a
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g the table :-
r Org Org rg
co
i.O i. ai. i.O
sala Indicator
sa laAcidic solution Basic
s a lsolution sala
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Blue .litmus
a Red .Pa
da - ada
ww w w w.P w
ii. ww - No change w inw
colour Blue ww ww
iii. - - Red
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a l a i Methyl orange lai.
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sa sa l a i
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.Pa .Pa
Indicator
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ww w w ww ww
w
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wBlue w w
Chemistry
i. litmus
Red No change in colour
ii. rg Red litmus
.O Org in colour
No .change .Org
Blue .Org
la i
a iii. Phenolphthalein la i l ai l a i
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w. P iv. Methyl P
w. orange Red w. P Yellow w. P w
w ww ww ww ww
Padasalai
o
VIII. Long answer questions :
1. iWrite
. O rg a note on : a) Ant bitei.Ob)rgWasp bite. i . O rg i . O rg
ab
a
al a) Ant bite : asal a l a l a
a d asAns. a d a d asa a d asa
Unit 5
.P (i) Whenever
w.P bees or red ants bite they
.P inject an acid called formic
w.Pacid.
ww wwThese acids cause burningwsensation
(ii) ww and pain. ww ww
w
(iii) To suppress the pain, a suitable base in the form of calcium hydroxide (readily
.O r g available at home)i.O g
is rapplied .Orgacid.
to neutralise the formic .Org
ur
l a i la l a i l a i
a d asa b) Wasp bite a: dasa a d asa a d asa
(i) When
ww
.P w.P we are bitten by wasp,wwe w.P feel the burning sensation and
injected by the insect.www
.Ppain. w
wwIt is due to an alkaline substance
(ii) w ww
(iii) To neutralize the alkalinity we use vinegar which is an acid to neutralise.
.s
2. aiWrite
. O r g a note on : a) Litmus. .O g
b)rPhenolphthalein. c) a .Orgorange
Methyl .Org
l
a a) Litmus : l a i l i l a i
a d asAns. a d asa a d asa a d asa
.P w.P is the most commonwindicators
(i) Litmus w.P used in the laboratories. w.P
ww w
w
. P a (v) Blue P a
litmus turns red in a
acidic
P solution P a turns
ww w. w. w. w
wwthe basic solution. ww ww ww
b) Phenolphthalein :
g (i) g compound. i.Org rg
w
m
a d d a d a d
.P (v) It canwbe.P w.Pand industries.
directly used as fuel in homes w.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
3. Expand CNG. List out its uses.
.Org- Compressed NaturallaGas. .Org .Org .Org
co
Ans. iCNG i i i
l a l a l a
a d asa (i) It is the cheapesta d
a cleanest fuel.
asand a d asa a d asa
.P (ii) w.P
Vehicles .P dioxide and hydrocarbon
using this gas produce lesswcarbon w.Pemission.
ww w w w w
(iii) It is less expensive than petrol and diesel. w w ww
w
.Org the gas known aslasyngas. .Org Why is it called so?lai.Org .Org
s.
4. Identify
l a i
a Water Gas is also called i l a i
asAns. asaas syngas or synthesis agas aassa asa and
it is used to synthesize methanol
ww
. P a
5.
Ans.ai(i)
a l .Org Anthracite is the highest
das (ii) It has a very
(iii) Anthracite. Pa dlight
la i rg coal.
.Ograde
ww
. P a das
a l a i.Org
ww
w
Padasalai
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w w w
(iv) It contains 86-97% carbon and has a heating value slightly higher than bituminous coal.
i
(v)
. O rg It burns longer with morei .O g and less dust.
rheat i. O rg i . O rg
ab
l a a
sal number and cetanedanumber. sal a l a
a d as6.a Distinguish between a d aoctane a a d asa
.P Ans. w.P w.P w.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
Octane Number Cetane Number
.O rg rating is used for petrol
Octane .Org Orgfor diesel
Cetane ratingaisi.used .Org
ur
l a i la i l l a i
a d asa It measures the amounta d asofa octane present It measures
a d asa the ignition delay ofadtheasfuel
a in
.P in petrol.ww.P .P engine.
wdiesel w.P
ww w ww ww ww
w
Octane number of petrol can be Cetane number of diesel can be increased by
.s
i rg by adding benzenei.O
increased
.O g
or rtoluene. adding acetone. .Org
i i .Org
l a l a l a l a
a d asa The fuel with high a d sa number has The fuel
aoctane a d
a high cetane numberahas
aswith a d sa low
.P low cetane w .P
number .P number
woctane w.P
ww w
w
ww ww ww ww
7. Name the places in Tamilnadu harnessing wind energy from wind mills.
Ans. iWind
g
.Or mills are mostly located g
at rKayathar, Aralvaimozhi, iPalladam
.O .Or and Kudimangalamg .inOr g
a l a a la i a l a a l a i
das Tamil Nadu. das das das
w
m
a d a d a d a d
.P (v) w.Pproduce large amount ofwheat
It should w.P w.P
ww w w w
(vi) It should not leave behind any undesirable substances. w w ww
w
8. .Org a note on bio - diesel.
Write .Org .Org .Org
co
l a i
a Bio diesel is a fuel obtained l a i l a i l a i
a d asAns. a d asa from vegetable oilsasuch
d asasasoya bean oil, jatrophaadoil, a oil,
ascorn
w w.P sunflower oil, .P seed oil, rice-bran oilwand
wcotton .P rubber seed oil. w.P w
ww ww ww ww
9. What are the application of solar energy?
.Org It is used in solar water rg .Org .Org
s.
Ans. i(i) i heater.
.O i i
l a l a l a l a
a d asa (ii) It is used inadrying d asaof agricultural and animal a d
a
asproducts. a d asa
.P (iii) It is used.P .P .P
ww ww in electric power generation. ww ww ww
w
ok
w w w
Chemistry
Padasalai
o
w is obtained with the help
Ans. Wind energy w of wind mills. When windwblows, they rotate the
i . rg of the wind mills andi.O
blades
O rg is produced in the dynamo.
current
i. O rg Wind mills are mostly
i . O rg
ab
a a
sal located at Kayathar, Aralvaimozhi,
sal sala
Palladam and Kudimangalam in Tamil Nadu. sal a
ada ada ada ada
Unit 6
l a i l a i l a i l a i
a d asa (ii) It is used toadmake asaderivatives of siliconawhichd asaare used to make lubricants,
a d asawater
.P w.Presins, cosmetics, hairwshampoos
w.P and toothpaste. ww.P
ww repellents,
ww w w ww
w
(iii) Activated charcoal is used to make facepacks and cosmetics.
.s
ww ww
mountain bikes, and tennis rackets.
ww ww
(vii)
r g
.O Activated carbon used rg for water and air purification
.inOfilters .Org and in kidney dialysis.Org
l a i la i l a i l a i
asa asa from coal.
machines is obtained asa asa
w
.P ad ad
.P distillation of Coal.w.P ad .P ad
ww 2. Explain destructive
ww w ww w
w w w ww
Ans. (a) The destructive distillation of coal can be carried out in the laboratories.
rg Finely powdered coal iis.Otaken
rg in a test tube and heated. rg rg
w
l a i . O
(b) a a i . O a i . O
d asa (i) At a particular d sal
atemperature, coal breaks d
down
l
asato produce coke, coalatar,
d sal
aammonia
.P a a a
ww w.P w.P w.P w
wwcoal gas.
and ww ww ww
a i .Org lai.O
rg
ai .Or g
i.O rg
sa l sa sa l sala
ada a daThe process of separating a grains from their chaffs
adthe adora pods is
w w.P Threshing w . P :
threshing. w . P w . P w
ww ww ww ww
Winnowing : Winnowing is the process of separating the grains.
. O r g Fumigation. Orgis the process of spraying . Org
chemical vapors to minimize . O rg
l a i
Fumigation : sal a i l a i l a i
asa asa asa
m
a d a d apest and insets in godowns. a d a d
.P w.P : Crop rotation is planting w.P a series of different cropsw.inPthe same field
ww Crop rotation ww ww ww ww
w
following a defined order.
co
a i a i .O a i .O
a
Bioindicator
sa l :
a s l
species
a whose function or status a s l
areveals the qualitative status
a s aoflathe
d d
a environment. d d
.Pa w.P Foliar feeding is w .Pa .Pa
ww w
Foliar feeding
w :
w
w a technique of feeding plants w w
w by applying liquid ww
w
fertilizer directly to their leaves.
.Org .Org .Org .Org
s.
a l a i l a i l a i l a i
a d as TEXT BOOK a d asa
EXERCISES a d asa a d asa
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
I. Choose the best answer :
ok
Biology
Padasalai
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(c) crop
wproduction w(d)
2. Organism
rg that control insects and
rg pests of plant crops iis.O_________.
rg rg
i . O i .O i . O
ab
a
l (a) bio-pesticides l a sal
(b) bio-fertilizers a sal a
a d asa (c) earthworms a d asa (d) .neema d aleaves a da
[Ans. (a).Pbio-pesticides]
Unit 7
.P w.P wP
ww 3. w w w w ww
The method in which water flows over the soil surface and allowwit to infiltrate is _____ ww
w
(a) rg
O irrigation lai.Org (b) surface irrigation
.(c) .Org . Org
ur
l a i springler irrigation l a
(d) drip irrigation
i l a i
[Ans. (b) surface irrigation]
a d asa a d asa a d asa a d asa
.P .P
Effective microorganisms preparation is .P .P
ww 4.
w ww w wwnot used in _________.www ww
w
(a) seed treatment (b) foliar spray
.s
ww ww ww ww
II. Fillgin the blanks :
l a i .Or la i.Org l a i .Org l a i .Org
1.a The process of activelysgrowing
a seedling from one place
a and planting in the main field
a for
das further growth isPcalled da ___________ . Padas das
w
. P a a [Ans. a
Transplantation]
P
ww w. w. w. w
2. ww ww
___________ is a plant growing where it is not wanted. ww [Ans. Weed] ww
g g or inhibiting their growth rgare called as ___________. rg
w
m
d (c) NewdDelhi
.P a a a
ww
w.P w.P w.P (d) Kolkatta]
[Ans. w
6. ww ww
__________ is a method of sowing seeds ww ww
. OrgTillage .Org (c) Weeding lai.O(d)
rg Org
co
(a) (b) Winnowing Dibbling
l a i l a i l a i
[Ans. (d) Dibbling]
.
sa sa sa sa
.P ada .P ada .P ada ada
ww II. Fill in the
wwblanks : ww w.P ww
1.
w w
Crops sown in rainy season are called ______.
ww
[Ans. Kharif]
w
s.
2. laiThe
r
.O summer crops are alsolacalled
i r
.O _______ crops. lai.O r [Ans. lzaid]
i
a
a d as3.a _______ is an example a d asofa Rabi crop. a d asa a d
[Ans.
a
asWheat]
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww thewlargest producer of ______ww wwBanana/ Mangoes] ww
w
ok
4. India is w in the world. [Ans.
5.
la i .Org is a fodder crop. lai.Org
______
l ai .Org [Ans. Sorghum]
l a i.Org
a safurrow is called _________. a sa
P a das6. Placing a seed inPa a pit
daor P a das [Ans.
P a daDibbling]
. w. w. w.
ww 7. The process
ww of separating the grains from
ww their chaffs is called _________.
ww ww
w
Padasalai
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[Ans. Threshing]
.Org seeds are also called
8. laiHeirloom i .O rg
_________ seeds. i . O rg [Ans. i
organic] . O rg
ab
l a l a l a
a d as9.a _________ is commonly
a d asacalled Pusa institute. a dasa a d asaIARI]
[Ans.
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww w w w w
10. The first KVK was established in 1974 in _________. w w[Ans. Pondicherry] ww
w
.Org
11. Vermiwash .Org crops.
is used as a _________for .Org [Ans. foliar spray] .Org
ur
l a i
a _________ can be used l a i
a seed treatment. l a i l a i
a d as12. a d asfor a d asa [Ans. d
a asa
Pachgavya]
.P w.P w.P .P
ww 13. _________ wwis the main source of bio-fertilizer.
ww ww Cyanobacteria]
w[Ans. ww
w
.s
ww w ww ww
3. Millet (c) Zaid crop
Org Sesame
ai.4.
g
(d)r Food crop
ai.O i.O rg i .Org
sal sal sala sa l a
w
a da a da a da ad3 a- a, 4 - b)]
[Ans. (1 - d, 2 - c,
w w.P w.P w.P w .P w
2. ww
1. Nostoc (a) ww
Pest ww ww
2. g Bacillus (b)g Cyanobacteria
rg rg
w
al a . O r
i 3. Cotton bollworm alai (c)r
.O Legume la i . O l a i . O
as as asa asa
.Pad 4. Rhizobium Pad w.
(d) d
Bio-pesticide
w.P
a
w.P
a d
ww ww ww w-wb, 2 - d, 3 - a, 4 - c)]
[Ans. (1 ww
w
i.O rg i.O rg rg rg
sala sala s alai.O sala
i.O
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da
.Pa
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ww
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rg Questions & Answer Keys
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rg rg
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.P Padfor Sample Materialsw.Pad
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Sura’s Science 8th Std Term - III
. O r g .Org .Org .Org
a la i a l a i a l a i a l a i
P a dasV. Answer the Pfollowinga das in detail: Padas P
(5
a d×as1 = 5)
. w. w. w.
ww 16. (a) What ww is weed? Explain the different
ww methods of weed control. ww ww
w
rg rg (or) rg rg
a i . O
l (b) Explain the agricultural a i . O
l practices. l a i . O l a i . O
asa asa asa asa
m
a d a d a d a d
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ww ww ww ww ww
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Answer Key
.Org rg .Org .Org
co
l a i l a i .O l a i l a i
a asa 2. (d) sugar ada3.sa(d) Dibbling asa
a dasI. 1. (a) bio-pesticides
a d a d
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww w
II. 4. herbicides
w w
5. Weed 6. wheat
w w w
7. Pachgavya ww
w
s.
III. i8. -.OrBacillus
i thuringiensis i i
l a l a l a l a
a d asa 9. Bio-predatorsadasa - Control white aflies d asa a d asa
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
ok
10. Bio-fertilizer - Improve soil fertility
Biology
g g g .Org
i.Or i.Or
IV. la 11. Refer Sura’s Guide, Textbook
la Q. No. IV - 2 l ai .Or l a i
ad asa a das
a
a6d asa ada
sa
w w.P 12. Refer Sura’s
w . P Guide, Textbook Q. No.
w IV
. P- w . P w
ww ww ww ww
Padasalai
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13. Refer Sura’s Guide, Textbook Q. No. IV - 3
i . Org i .O rg i. O rg i . O rg
ab
la l a la l a
a d asa 14. Refer Sura’s Guide,
a d asaAdditional Q. No. IVa- d3 asa a dasa
Unit 7
a l a i la i l a i l a i
a d as a d asa (or) a d asa a d asa
.P w.P .P w.P
ww Refer wwSura’s Guide, Textbook Q.wNo. wwV - 1 ww ww
w
.s
ww ww ww ww
. P a P a P a P a
ww w. w. w. w
ww ww ww ww
rg rg rg rg
w
l a i . O l a i .O la i . O l a i . O
a d asa a d asa a d asa a d asa
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww ww ww ww ww
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i.O rg i.O rg rg rg
sala sala s alai.O sala
i.O
.P ada .Pa
da
.Pa
d a
.Pa
da
ww 86 w w w w
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rg Questions & Answer Keys
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rg rg
sa lai l ai alai alai
ada asa
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.P Padfor Sample Materialsw.Pad
This is .only .Pa
d
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wwfull Book Order Online orww
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Sura’s Science 8th Std Term - III
. O r g .Org .Org .Org
a la i a l a i a l ai a l a i
P a das b) Urbanization P a da: s P a das P a das
. . . .
ww (i) ww
w Increase in population needs
w wwthe expansion of cities. www w ww
(ii) More land is needed to establish housing and settlement.
. O r g (iii) Requirements like . O g
rconstruction . Org
of roads, development of houses, mineral . O rg
l a i l a i a i
al arise due to urbanisation. l a i
asa asaand expansion of industries
exploitation asalso asa
m
a d a d a d a d
.P (iv) w .P are destroyed to meetwall.Pthese needs.
Forests w.P
ww ww ww ww ww
w
c) Mining :
.Org (i) .Org and gold require laalarge
Mining of coal, diamond g
.Oramount of forest land. .Org
co
sa lai s a
(ii) Large number l a i
of trees are cut down tosa i
clear the forest area. The a
waste
s
i
lathat
da da da da
.Pa .Pa out from mining pollutes
wcomes w.P
aenvironment
the and affects .Panearby plants.
wthe
ww w w w
w w w ww
w
s.
torthe
l a i l a i .O l a i l a i
sa Hence, a great extend
sa of forest area is being cleared.
sa sa
a da Pa da a da a da
w w. P e) Timber
w w.Production :
w w.P w w.P w
ww
ok
w Wood-based industries w
(i) w need a substantial
like paper, match-sticks, furniture
amount of wood supply.
la i .Org (ii) Wood is the most
la i rg
.Ocommonly used fuel, l
thus,ai
a
Org
.large number of trees are l a i
being
.Org
a a a a
P a das cut
P a dasfor fuel supplies. Padas
down P a das
. w. w. w.
ww ww Illegal wood cutting is thewwmain reason for the destructionww of some valuable ww
w
Padasalai
o
(iii)
g plants. g g g
if).Or Or
lai. lai. Or lai. Or
ab
a la Forest fire : a a a
das (i) Forest
s s
a be caused by humans, accidents
adfire ada or natural factors..Pada
s
w .Pa w . P w . P
w ww Forest fires wipe out thousands
(ii) ww of acres of forest landweachww year all over the ww
w
world. This has tremendous effects on biodiversity and the economy as well.
.Org Cyclones : .Org .Org .Org
ur
l a i g) la i l a i l a i
a d asa Cyclones d asathe trees on a massive ascale.
destroy
a d asa a d asa
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww Effects w ofw Deforestation : ww ww ww
w
a) g Extinction of species :
.s
b) wwErosion :
Soil ww ww ww
g (i) When the trees are cutgdown, soils are exposed to the g Sun’s heat.
l a i . O r (ii) Extreme temperature
l a i O r
. of the summer dries up the
l a i . O r
moisture l a i
and makes the nutrients .Org
a a sa helps in the breakdowndaofsorganic
a
das das It also affects the bacteria
w
P a to evaporate.
P a P a dathat P a
. w. w. w.
ww wwmatter. ww ww ww
w
c) Water cycle :
rg When trees are cut down, rg the amount of water i.vapour
rg released decreases ifor rg
w
l a i . O a i . O a O a . O
asa transpiration
al there is a decrease inasthealrainfall.
ashence
and asa
l
a d a d a d a d
.P w.P w.P w.P
ww d) Floods
ww : ww ww ww
w
When the trees are cut down, the flow of water is disrupted and it leads to flooding.
i . O rg i .Org i.Org i .Org
l a l a l a la
a d asa a d asa a d asa a d asa
.P w.P w.P / 8124201000 w w.P 91
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Send Your rg Questions & Answer Keys rg to our email id - [email protected]
rg rg
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This is .only .Pa
d
ww w
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Sura’s Science 8th Std Term - III
a i .Org lai.O
rg
ai .Or g
i.O rg
sa l
asa sa l sala
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Additional
da a da
w w.P
ww
w.P ww Questions
w ww
w.P
ww
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I. Choose the correct answer :
. Org
1.alai__________is not a greenl i .
house
a Org
gas. a i . Org
a i . O rg
as (a) Oxygen asa al
asdioxide asa
l
m
a d a d d
(b) Carbon
a a d
.P w.P .P w.P
ww (c) Nitrous
ww oxide ww Methane
w(d) ww[Ans. (a) Oxygen] ww
w
2. Chipko Movement was started in ___________.
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