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Lecture 5

This document outlines a basic electronics course divided into four units. Unit 1 introduces signals, their frequency spectra, analog and digital signals, and linear wave shaping circuits. It also covers properties of semiconductors and diodes, including their p-n junction theory, characteristics, and applications in rectifiers, clippers, and clamers. Unit 2 covers bipolar junction transistors and field effect transistors, their characteristics and applications. It also introduces feedback amplifiers, oscillators, and operational amplifiers. Unit 3 covers digital fundamentals including binary numbers, logic gates, Boolean algebra, and flip-flops. Unit 4 introduces electronic instruments and principles of communication systems, including AM and FM transmitters and receivers.

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13 views

Lecture 5

This document outlines a basic electronics course divided into four units. Unit 1 introduces signals, their frequency spectra, analog and digital signals, and linear wave shaping circuits. It also covers properties of semiconductors and diodes, including their p-n junction theory, characteristics, and applications in rectifiers, clippers, and clamers. Unit 2 covers bipolar junction transistors and field effect transistors, their characteristics and applications. It also introduces feedback amplifiers, oscillators, and operational amplifiers. Unit 3 covers digital fundamentals including binary numbers, logic gates, Boolean algebra, and flip-flops. Unit 4 introduces electronic instruments and principles of communication systems, including AM and FM transmitters and receivers.

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red titan
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BASIC ELECTRONICS

UNIT-1 (10 Hours)

Introduction to Electronics: Signals, frequency Spectrum of Signals, Analog and Digital Signals,
Linear Wave Shaping Circuits: RC LPF, Integrator, RC HPF, Differentiator.
Properties of Semiconductors: Intrinsic, Extrinsic Semiconductors, Current Flow in Semiconductors,
Diodes: p-n junction theory, Current-Voltage characteristics, Analysis of Diode circuits, Rectifiers,
Clippers, Clampers, Special diodes

UNIT-II (14 Hours)

Bipolar junction Transistor (BJTs): Physical Structures & Modes of Operation, Transistor
Characteristics, DC analysis, Introduction to Small Signal Analysis, Transistor as an amplifier, The RC
coupled amplifier, Introduction to Power Amplifiers, Transistor as switch.
Field Effect Transistors (FETs): Physical Structures & Modes of Operation of MOSFETs, MOSFET
Characteristics, DC Analysis.
Feedback Amplifiers & Oscillators: General Principles, Different types of feedback amplifier (block
diagram only), Properties of Negative Feedback, Barkhausen criteria for Oscillation.

Operational Amplifiers (OP-Amps): Ideal OP-AMP, Inverting Amplifier, Non-Inverting Amplifier.


Adder, Subtractor, Integrator, Differentiator.

UNIT-III (10 Hours)

Digital Fundamentals: Binary Numbers, Signed-binary numbers, Decimal-to-Binary & Binary-to-


Decimal Conversion, Binary Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division, Hexadecimal Number
Systems, Logic Gates, Boolean Algebra, De Morgan’s Theorems, Laws of Boolean Algebra, Basics of
Flip flops, Shift Resistors, Counters.

UNIT-IV (10 Hours)

Introduction to Electronic Instruments: CRO, Multimeter, Signal Generators.


Principles of Communication: Fundamentals of AM & FM, Transmitters & Receivers

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Microelectronics Circuits, A.S Sedra, K.C. Smith, Oxford University Press. Selected portions from chapters
1to 5, 8, 13.
2. Electronics Fundamentals and Applications, D Chattopadhyay and P.C. Rakshit, NewAge International
Publications. Selected portions from chapters 4 to 14, 16 to 20.

REFERENCE BOOKS:

1. Integrated Electronics, Millman and Halkias, Mc.Graw Hill Publications.


2. Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory, R.L Boylestad and L. Nashelsky, Pearson Education
MODULE-I

INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRONICS:

Electronics is the branch of science and engineering dealing with the theoty and
use of a class of devices in which electrons are transported through a vacuum, gas or
semiconductor.

Signals:
It contains information about a variety of things and activities.
Example - Voice of the radio announcer, weather information
Analog Signal: The signal magnitude can be represented at any instant of time by a
sequence of numbers.

Discrete Signal: It is a sequence of numbers that represent the magnitudes of the


successive signal samples.

Digital Signal: Signal is in the form of 0 and 1.

Frequency Spectrum of Signal:


Any arbitrary signal is characterized by its frequency spectrum. The signal is
represented in frequency domain.

Fourier series: It is an expansion of periodic signal as a linear combination of sine and


cosine with different frequencies and amplitudes. It is applied to periodic signals.

Fourier transform: Fourier transform can be applied to aperiodic signals to find the
frequency spectrum.

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