Cloud

Computing
 What is Cloud Computing?

• Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient,

on-demand network access to a shared pool of
configurable computing resources (e.g., networks,
servers, storage, applications, and services)
[Mell_2009], [Berkely_2009].
• It can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort.
• It provides high level abstraction of computation and
storage model.
• It has some essential characteristics, service models,
and deployment models.

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 Essential Characteristics
• On-Demand Self Service:
• A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities,
automatically without requiring human interaction with each
service’s provider.
• Heterogeneous Access:
• Capabilities are available over the network and accessed
through standard mechanisms that promote use by
heterogeneous thin or thick client platforms.

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Essential Characteristics (cont.)
• Resource Pooling:
• The provider’s computing resources are pooled to serve
multiple consumers using a multi-tenant model.
• Different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned
and reassigned according to consumer demand.
• Measured Service:
• Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resources
used by leveraging a metering capability at some level of
abstraction appropriate to the type of service.
• It will provide analyzable and predictable computing
platform.

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 Service Models
• Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS):
• The capability provided to the consumer is to use the
provider’s applications running on a cloud infrastructure.
• The applications are accessible from various client devices
such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email).
• The consumer does not manage or control the underlying
cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating
systems, storage,…
• Examples: Caspio, Google Apps, Salesforce, Nivio,
Learn.com.

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 Service Models (cont.)
• Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS):
• PaaS (Platform as a Service), as the name suggests,
provides you computing platforms which typically includes
operating system, programming language execution
environment, database, web server etc. Examples: AWS Elastic
Beanstalk, Windows Azure,Heroku, Force.com, Google App
Engine, Apache Stratos
• The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto
the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired
applications created using programming languages and tools
supported by the provider.
• The consumer does not manage or control the underlying
cloud infrastructure.
• Consumer has control over the deployed applications and
possibly application hosting environment configurations.
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 Service Models (cont.)
• Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS):
• The capability provided to the consumer is to provision
processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental
computing resources.
• The consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software,
which can include operating systems and applications.
• The consumer does not manage or control the underlying
cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems,
storage, deployed applications, and possibly limited control
of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls).
• Examples: Amazon EC2, GoGrid, iland, Rackspace Cloud
Servers, ReliaCloud.

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Service Models (cont.)

Service Model at a glance

8
Deployment Models
Private Cloud: ⚫

A private cloud consists of computing resources used −

exclusively by one business or organization.
The private cloud can be physically located at your −
organization’s on-site datacenter or it can be hosted by
a third-party service provider.
But in a private cloud, the services and infrastructure −
are always maintained on a private network and the
hardware and software are dedicated solely to your
organization.
In this way, a private cloud can make it easier for an −
organization to customize its resources to meet specific
IT requirements.
Private Cloud: ⚫

Private clouds are often used by government agencies, −

financial institutions, any other mid- to large-size
organizations with business-critical operations
seeking enhanced control over their environment.
Advantages of a private clouds:
More flexibility—your organization can customize its cloud
environment to meet specific business needs.
Improved security—resources are not shared with others, so higher
levels of control and security are possible.
High scalability—private clouds still afford the scalability and
efficiency of a public cloud.
Private Cloud: ⚫

Disadvantage of Private Cloud

1. Expensive when compared to public cloud
2. Requires IT Expertise
Private Cloud: ⚫

The cloud is operated solely for an organization. It may be −

managed by the organization or a third party and may exist on
premise or off premise.
A private cloud is a cloud computing hardware and software −
platform that is dedicated to your organization. Private clouds
hosted at Cybercon data center provides you the freedom to
choose: network routers and switches, firewalls, server hardware,
storage systems, and cloud computing software. Our solutions are
designed and built to give you the power to construct and manage
clouds across your internal data centers and Cybercon data center
— on terms that you control. This means that you can keep a
handle on compliance, security, and costs. And you can let your
business needs drive your IT strategy, instead of having IT limit
your options.
Community Cloud: ⚫

The cloud infrastructure is shared by several −

organizations and supports a specific
community that has shared concerns.
It may be managed by the organizations or a −
third party and may exist on premise or off
premise
Community Cloud:
One example of using a community cloud would be to test-
drive some high-end security products or even test out some
features of a public cloud environment. This is great for
organizations that are driven by compliance and regulatory
measures. Government, healthcare, and some regulated
private industries are leveraging the added security features
within a community cloud environment. Instead of just
provisioning space in a public cloud, organizations can test
and work on a cloud platform which is secure, “dedicated,”
and even compliant with certain regulations. The really
interesting part is that with a community cloud, the presence
can be either onsite or offsite.
Community Cloud:
Or, as another example, several organizations may require a
specific application that resides on one set of cloud servers.
Instead of giving each organization their own server in the cloud
for this app, the hosting company allows multiple customers
connect into their environment and logically segment their
sessions. The customer, however, is still using the same pieces of
hardware as other folks are. However, everyone is hitting these
servers with the same purpose -- to access that one application --
which is what makes it a community cloud.
Public Cloud: ⚫

Public clouds are the most common way of deploying −

cloud computing. The cloud resources (like servers
and storage) are owned and operated by a third-
party cloud service provider and delivered over the
Internet.
Microsoft Azure is an example of a public cloud. −
With a public cloud, all hardware, software and
other supporting infrastructure is owned and
managed by the cloud provider.
In a public cloud, you share the same hardware, −
storage and network devices with other
organizations or cloud “tenants.” You access services
and manage your account using a web browser.
Public Cloud: ⚫

Public cloud deployments are frequently used to −

provide web-based email, online office applications,
storage and testing and development environments.
The cloud infrastructure is made available to the general
public or a large industry group and it is owned by an
organization selling cloud services.
Public Cloud: ⚫

Advantages of public clouds:

Lower costs—no need to purchase hardware or software and
you pay only for the service you use.
No maintenance—your service provider provides the
maintenance.
Near-unlimited scalability—on-demand resources are available
to meet your business needs.
High reliability—a vast network of servers ensures against
failure.
Public Cloud: ⚫

Disadvantage of Public Cloud Computing

1. No control over privacy or security
2. Cannot be used for use of sensitive applications
3. Lacks complete flexibility as the platform depends on the
platform provider
4. No stringent protocols regarding data management
Hybrid cloud: ⚫

The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or −

more clouds (private, community, or public).
Often called “the best of both worlds,” hybrid clouds
combine on-premises infrastructure, or private
clouds, with public clouds so organizations can
reap the advantages of both.
In a hybrid cloud, data and applications can move −
between private and public clouds for greater
flexibility and more deployment options.
Hybrid cloud: ⚫

For instance, you can use the public cloud for high- −
volume, lower-security needs such as web-based
email and the private cloud (or other on-premises
infrastructure) for sensitive, business-critical
operations like financial reporting.
In a hybrid cloud, “cloud bursting” is also an −
option. This is when an application or resource
runs in the private cloud until there is a spike in
demand (such as seasonal event like online
shopping or tax filing), at which point the
organization can “burst through” to the public
cloud to tap into additional computing resources.
Hybrid cloud: ⚫

Advantages of hybrid clouds:

Control—your organization can maintain a private infrastructure for
sensitive assets.
Flexibility—you can take advantage of additional resources in the
public cloud when you need them.
Cost-effectiveness—with the ability to scale to the public cloud, you
pay for extra computing power only when needed.
Ease—transitioning to the cloud does not have to be
overwhelming(defeat completely) because you can migrate
gradually—phasing in workloads over time.
Hybrid cloud: ⚫

Disadvantage of Hybrid Cloud Computing

1. Infrastructure Dependency
2. Possibility of security breach through public cloud
Cloud Computing advantages

• Cloud computing is an emerging technology that

almost every company switched to from on-premise
technologies. Whether it is public, private or hybrid,
Cloud computing has become an essential factor for
the companies to achieve competitive. Let us find out
why Cloud is so much preferred over on-premise
technologies-

• Cost efficiency – The biggest reason behind shifting to

cloud computing is that it takes considerably lesser
cost than an on-premise technology. Now the
companies need not store the data in disks anymore as
the Cloud offers enormous space available saving
money and resources of the companies.
Cloud Computing advantages

• High Speed – Cloud computing lets you deploy the

service quickly in fewer clicks. This quick deployment
lets you get the resources required for your system
within fewer minutes.
• Excellent accessibility – Storing the information in
cloud allows you to access it anywhere, anytime
regardless of the machine making it highly accessible
and flexible technology of present times.
• Back-up and restore data – Once the data is stored in
Cloud, it is easier to get the back-up and recovery of
that, which is quite a time taking process on-premise.
Cloud Computing disadvantages

• Every technology has positive and negatives aspects

that are highly important to discuss before
implementing it.
• Security issues – At time storing data in cloud may
pose serious challenge of information theft in front of
the company. Though advanced security measures are
deployed on cloud, still storing a confidential data in
cloud can be a risky affair.
• Low bandwidth – At times the bandwidth is low as
many users are accessing cloud at the same time which
causes its bandwidth to go down. With less speed the
benefits of cloud computing cannot be realized.
Cloud Computing disadvantages

• Flexibility issues – The cloud services run on remote

servers which make it hard for the companies to have
control over software and hardware. The services at
times do not run the way it should.
• Incompatibility – Since entire infrastructure gets
virtualized, incompatibility issues may arise at times
that may pose serious challenges on the way of smooth
running of services.