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    Omeprazole

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    api-3797941
    Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat conditions such as duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and hypersecretory conditions. It works by inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells to suppress acid production. Common side effects include headache, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Omeprazole may interact with other drugs like benzodiazepines and warfarin by increasing their serum levels. Nurses should educate patients to take omeprazole before meals and swallow capsules whole, and monitor for potential side effects and drug interactions.

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    Omeprazole

    Uploaded by

    api-3797941
    11K views3 pages
    Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat conditions such as duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and hypersecretory conditions. It works by inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells to suppress acid production. Common side effects include headache, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Omeprazole may interact with other drugs like benzodiazepines and warfarin by increasing their serum levels. Nurses should educate patients to take omeprazole before meals and swallow capsules whole, and monitor for potential side effects and drug interactions.

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    Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat conditions such as duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and hypersecretory conditions. It works by inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells to suppress acid production. Common side effects include headache, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Omeprazole may interact with other drugs like benzodiazepines and warfarin by increasing their serum levels. Nurses should educate patients to take omeprazole before meals and swallow capsules whole, and monitor for potential side effects and drug interactions.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    11K views3 pages

    Omeprazole

    Uploaded by

    api-3797941
    Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to treat conditions such as duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and hypersecretory conditions. It works by inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme in gastric parietal cells to suppress acid production. Common side effects include headache, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Omeprazole may interact with other drugs like benzodiazepines and warfarin by increasing their serum levels. Nurses should educate patients to take omeprazole before meals and swallow capsules whole, and monitor for potential side effects and drug interactions.

    Copyright:

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    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    omeprazole

    (oh me' pray zol)


    Losec (CAN), Prilosec

    Pregnancy Category C

    Drug classes
    Antisecretory agent
    Proton pump inhibitor

    Therapeutic actions
    Gastric acid-pump inhibitor: Suppresses gastric acid secretion by specific inhibition of
    the hydrogen-potassium ATPase enzyme system at the secretory surface of the gastric
    parietal cells; blocks the final step of acid production.

    Indications
    • Short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcer
    • First-line therapy in treatment of heartburn or symptoms of gastroesophageal
    reflux disease (GERD)
    • Short-term treatment of active benign gastric ulcer
    • GERD, severe erosive esophagitis, poorly responsive symptomatic GERD
    • Long-term therapy: Treatment of pathologic hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger-
    Ellison syndrome, multiple adenomas, systemic mastocytosis)
    • Eradication of H. pylori with amoxicillin or metronidazole and clarithromycin
    • Prilosec OTC: Treatment of frequent heartburn (2 or more days per wk)
    • Unlabeled use: Posterior laryngitis; enhance efficacy of pancreatin for the
    treatment of steatorrhea in cystic fibrosis

    Contraindications and cautions


    • Contraindicated with hypersensitivity to omeprazole or its components.
    • Use cautiously with pregnancy, lactation.

    Available forms
    DR capsules—10, 20, 40 mg; DR tablets—20 mg (OTC)

    Dosages
    ADULTS
    • Active duodenal ulcer: 20 mg PO daily for 4–8 wk. Should not be used for
    maintenance therapy.
    • Active gastric ulcer: 40 mg PO daily for 4–8 wk.
    • Severe erosive esophagitis or poorly responsive GERD: 20 mg PO daily for 4–8
    wk. Do not use as maintenance therapy. An additional 4–8 wk course can be
    considered if needed.
    • Pathologic hypersecretory conditions: Individualize dosage. Initial dose is 60 mg
    PO daily. Doses up to 120 mg tid have been used. Administer daily doses of >
    80 mg in divided doses.
    • Frequent heartburn (2 or more days/wk): 20 mg (Prilosec OTC tablet) PO once
    daily before eating in the AM for 14 days. May repeat the 14-day course q 4 mo.
    PEDIATRIC PATIENTS
    Safety and efficacy not established.

    Pharmacokinetics
    Route Onset Peak
    Oral Varies 0.5–3.5 hr

    Metabolism: Hepatic; T1/2: 0.5–1 hr


    Distribution: Crosses placenta; may enter breast milk
    Excretion: Urine and bile

    Adverse effects
    • CNS: Headache, dizziness, asthenia, vertigo, insomnia, apathy, anxiety,
    paresthesias, dream abnormalities
    • Dermatologic: Rash, inflammation, urticaria, pruritus, alopecia, dry skin
    • GI: Diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, constipation, dry mouth, tongue
    atrophy
    • Respiratory: URI symptoms, cough, epistaxis
    • Other: Cancer in preclinical studies, back pain, fever

    Interactions
    Drug-drug
    • Increased serum levels and potential increase in toxicity of benzodiazepines,
    phenytoin, warfarin; if these combinations are used, monitor patient very closely
    • Decreased absorption with sucralfate; give these drugs at least 30 min apart

    Nursing considerations
    Assessment
    • History: Hypersensitivity to omeprazole or any of its components; pregnancy,
    lactation
    • Physical: Skin lesions; T; reflexes, affect; urinary output, abdominal exam;
    respiratory auscultation

    Interventions
    • Administer before meals. Caution patient to swallow capsules whole—not to
    open, chew, or crush them.
    • Arrange for further evaluation of patient after 8 wk of therapy for gastroreflux
    disorders; not intended for maintenance therapy. Symptomatic improvement does
    not rule out gastric cancer, which did occur in preclinical studies.
    • Administer antacids with omeprazole, if needed.
    Teaching points
    • Take the drug before meals. Swallow the capsules whole; do not chew, open, or
    crush them. This drug will need to be taken for up to 8 wk (short-term therapy) or
    for a prolonged period (> 5 yr in some cases).
    • Have regular medical follow-up visits.
    • These side effects may occur: Dizziness (avoid driving or performing hazardous
    tasks); headache (request medications); nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (maintain
    proper nutrition); symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, cough (do not
    self-medicate; consult with your health care provider if uncomfortable).
    • Report severe headache, worsening of symptoms, fever, chills.

    Adverse effects in Italic are most common; those in Bold are life-threatening.

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