Cambridge International AS & A Level

*5616021708*

CHEMISTRY9701/35
Paper 3 Advanced Practical Skills 1 May/June 2021

 2 hours

You must answer on the question paper.

You will need: The materials and apparatus listed in the confidential instructions

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working, use appropriate units and use an appropriate number of significant
figures.
● Give details of the practical session and laboratory, where appropriate,
in the boxes provided. Session

INFORMATION Laboratory
● The total mark for this paper is 40.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown
in brackets [ ].
● The Periodic Table is printed in the question paper.
● Notes for use in qualitative analysis are provided in the question paper. For Examiner’s Use

Total

This document has 12 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB21 06_9701_35/4RP
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Quantitative analysis

 ead through the whole method before starting any practical work. Where appropriate, prepare a table
R
for your results in the space provided.

Show your working and appropriate significant figures in the final answer to each step of your calculations.

1 In this experiment you will carry out a titration to determine the relative formula mass, Mr, of a
monoprotic acid, HX.

FA 1 is HX, the monoprotic acid.

FA 2 is 0.0450 mol dm–3 sodium carbonate, Na2CO3.
methyl orange indicator

(a) Method

Preparing a solution of FA 1


●  eigh the empty 250 cm3 beaker. Record the mass.

W
● Transfer all the FA 1 into the beaker.
● Weigh the beaker and FA 1. Record the mass.
● Calculate and record the mass of FA 1 used.
● Add approximately 100 cm3 of distilled water to the FA 1 in the beaker.
● Stir the mixture with a glass rod until all the FA 1 has dissolved.
● Transfer this solution into the 250 cm3 volumetric flask.
● Wash the beaker with distilled water and transfer the washings to the volumetric flask.
● Rinse the glass rod with distilled water and transfer the washings to the volumetric flask.
● Make up the solution in the volumetric flask to the mark using distilled water.
● Shake the flask thoroughly.
● This solution of HX is FA 3. Label the flask FA 3.

Results

Titration


●  ill the burette with FA 3.

F
● Pipette 25.0 cm3 of FA 2 into a conical flask.
● Add several drops of methyl orange indicator.
● Perform a rough titration and record your burette readings in the space below.

 The rough titre is .............................. cm3.

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●  arry out as many accurate titrations as you think necessary to obtain consistent results.
C
● Make sure any recorded results show the precision of your practical work.
● Record in a suitable form below all of your burette readings and the volume of FA 3 added
in each accurate titration.
I

II

III

IV

VI

VII

VIII

[8]

(b) F
 rom your accurate titration results, obtain a suitable value for the volume of FA 3 to be used
in your calculations.
Show clearly how you obtained this value.

 25.0 cm3 of FA 2 required .............................. cm3 of FA 3. [1]

(c) Calculations

(i) Calculate the number of moles of sodium carbonate present in the volume of FA 2 used in
each titration.

 moles of Na2CO3 = .............................. mol [1]

(ii) Give the equation for the reaction of FA 2, Na2CO3, with FA 3, HX.

.....Na2CO3 + .....HX → .....NaX + ......................... + .........................

Use your answer to (c)(i) to deduce the number of moles of HX present in the volume you
calculated in (b).

 moles of HX = ...................... mol [1]

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(iii) Use your answer to (c)(ii) and your data recorded on page 2 to calculate the relative
formula mass, Mr, of HX.
Show your working.

 Mr of HX = .............................. [2]

(iv) One molecule of HX contains one nitrogen atom, three oxygen atoms, three hydrogen
atoms and one atom of another element, E.
The identity of E can be found by calculation.

Show this calculation and identify E.

Element E is .............................. . [1]

(d) What is the error in a single reading for the balance that you used?

 error = .............................. g

Calculate the maximum percentage error in the mass of FA 1 that you recorded on page 2.

 maximum percentage error = .............................. %

 [1]

(e) Suggest and carry out an experiment using aqueous silver nitrate to determine whether the
compound AgX is soluble or insoluble in water.

method ........................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................

observations ...............................................................................................................................

conclusion ...................................................................................................................................
[2]

(f) Suggest why the use of methyl orange indicator might give an inaccurate titration result.

.....................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................... [1]

 [Total: 18]

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2 You will determine the percentage by mass of water of crystallisation in a hydrated salt by thermal
decomposition. When a hydrated salt is heated it loses its water of crystallisation.

FA 4 is the hydrated salt.



(a) Method

●  eigh the crucible with its lid. Record the mass.

W
● Transfer 2.0–2.2 g of FA 4 from the container into the crucible.
● Weigh the crucible, lid and FA 4. Record the mass.
● Calculate and record the mass of FA 4 used.
● Place the crucible and contents on the pipe-clay triangle.
● Heat gently, with the lid on, for approximately 1 minute.
● Heat strongly, with the lid off, for a further 4 minutes.
● Replace the lid and leave the crucible to cool for at least 5 minutes.

During the cooling period, you may wish to begin work on Question 3.


●  hen the crucible is cool, weigh the crucible with its lid and contents. Record the mass.
W
● Heat strongly, with the lid off, for a further 2 minutes.
● Replace the lid and leave the crucible to cool for at least 5 minutes.
● When it is cool, weigh the crucible with its lid and contents. Record the mass.
● Calculate and record the mass lost.

Keep FA 4 for use in Question 3.

Results

II

III

IV

[5]

(b) (i) Calculate the percentage by mass of water of crystallisation in FA 4.

 percentage by mass of H2O in FA 4 = .............................. % [1]

(ii) State what assumption you made about anhydrous FA 4 in your calculation in (b)(i).

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

 [Total: 7]

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Qualitative analysis

Where reagents are selected for use in a test, the name or correct formula of the element or compound
must be given.

At each stage of any test you are to record details of the following:

● colour changes seen

● the formation of any precipitate and its solubility in an excess of the reagent added
● the formation of any gas and its identification by a suitable test.

You should indicate clearly at what stage in a test a change occurs.

If any solution is warmed, a boiling tube must be used.

Rinse and reuse test-tubes and boiling tubes where possible.

No additional tests for ions present should be attempted.

3 (a) 
FA 4 contains one cation and one anion both of which are listed in the Qualitative Analysis
Notes.

Dissolve the remainder of the FA 4 in approximately 20 cm3 of water in the 100 cm3 beaker.
Use a 1 cm depth of this solution in a test-tube for each of the tests.

(i) The anion in FA 4 is chloride.

State which reagents you would use to identify this ion conclusively.

..............................................................................................................................................

Use your reagents to test your solution of FA 4.

Record your observations.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

In what way are your observations not consistent with the expected results for chloride?

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................
[3]

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(ii) Add an equal volume of dilute sulfuric acid to aqueous FA 4.

Record your observations and deduce the identity of the cation in FA 4.

observations ........................................................................................................................

identity of cation ...................................................................................................................

Give the ionic equation for this reaction. Include state symbols.

..............................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Use the conclusions in (a)(i) and (a)(ii) to calculate the relative formula mass of anhydrous
FA 4.

Mr = ..............................

Use your results from Question 2 to calculate the number of moles of water of crystallisation
in one mole of hydrated FA 4.

 moles of H2O = ..............................

[3]

(c) 
FA 5 contains one cation and one anion, both of which are listed in the Qualitative Analysis
Notes.

(i) Heat a small spatula measure of FA 5 in a hard-glass test-tube.

Keep heating until no further change is observed.
Record all your observations.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [2]

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(ii) To a 1 cm depth of dilute sulfuric acid in a test-tube, add a small spatula measure of FA 5.
Record all your observations.

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [3]

(iii)
 lace a small spatula measure of FA 5 into a boiling tube. Add a 1 cm depth of aqueous
P
sodium hydroxide and warm the mixture gently.
Record your observations.

..............................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................ [1]

(iv) From the results of your tests, deduce the chemical formula of FA 5.

FA 5 is ................................................... . [1]

 [Total: 15]

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BLANK PAGE

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Qualitative analysis notes

1 Reactions of aqueous cations

reaction with
ion
NaOH(aq) NH3(aq)

aluminium, white ppt. white ppt.

Al 3+(aq) soluble in excess insoluble in excess

ammonium, no ppt.
–
NH4+(aq) ammonia produced on heating

barium, faint white ppt. is nearly always

no ppt.
Ba2+(aq) observed unless reagents are pure

calcium,
white ppt. with high [Ca2+(aq)] no ppt.
Ca2+(aq)

chromium(III), grey-green ppt. grey-green ppt.

Cr3+(aq) soluble in excess insoluble in excess

copper(II), pale blue ppt. pale blue ppt. soluble in excess

Cu2+(aq) insoluble in excess giving dark blue solution

green ppt. turning brown on contact green ppt. turning brown on contact
iron(II),
with air with air
Fe2+(aq)
insoluble in excess insoluble in excess

iron(III), red-brown ppt. red-brown ppt.

Fe3+(aq) insoluble in excess insoluble in excess

magnesium, white ppt. white ppt.

Mg2+(aq) insoluble in excess insoluble in excess

off-white ppt. rapidly turning brown off-white ppt. rapidly turning brown
manganese(II),
on contact with air on contact with air
Mn2+(aq)
insoluble in excess insoluble in excess

zinc, white ppt. white ppt.

Zn2+(aq) soluble in excess soluble in excess

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2 Reactions of anions

ion reaction

carbonate, CO2 liberated by dilute acids

CO3 2–

chloride, gives white ppt. with Ag+(aq) (soluble in NH3(aq))

Cl –(aq)

bromide, gives cream ppt. with Ag+(aq) (partially soluble in NH3(aq))

Br (aq)
–

iodide, gives yellow ppt. with Ag+(aq) (insoluble in NH3(aq))

I –(aq)

nitrate, NH3 liberated on heating with OH–(aq) and Al foil

NO3–(aq)

nitrite, NH3 liberated on heating with OH–(aq) and Al foil

NO2–(aq)

sulfate, gives white ppt. with Ba2+(aq) (insoluble in excess dilute strong acids)
SO42–(aq)

sulfite, gives white ppt. with Ba2+(aq) (soluble in excess dilute strong acids)
SO3 (aq)2–

3 Tests for gases

gas test and test result

ammonia, NH3 turns damp red litmus paper blue
carbon dioxide, CO2 gives a white ppt. with limewater (ppt. dissolves with excess CO2)
chlorine, Cl 2 bleaches damp litmus paper
hydrogen, H2 ‘pops’ with a lighted splint
oxygen, O2 relights a glowing splint

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© UCLES 2021
The Periodic Table of Elements
Group
1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1.0 4.0
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
6.9 9.0 relative atomic mass 10.8 12.0 14.0 16.0 19.0 20.2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23.0 24.3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 27.0 28.1 31.0 32.1 35.5 39.9
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

at www.cambridgeinternational.org after the live examination series.

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39.1 40.1 45.0 47.9 50.9 52.0 54.9 55.8 58.9 58.7 63.5 65.4 69.7 72.6 74.9 79.0 79.9 83.8
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
12

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85.5 87.6 88.9 91.2 92.9 95.9 – 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3

9701/35/M/J/21
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
132.9 137.3 178.5 180.9 183.8 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
138.9 140.1 140.9 144.4 – 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.1 175.0
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232.0 231.0 238.0 – – – – – – – – – – –

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