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Study Report Revision

ENMAX SUB-05 Grounding Study No Date Page


Document No.
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687539-4700-05-SR-0001

CLIENT: ENMAX Power Corporation

PROJECT: Transient Recovery Voltage Study


Substation 05

SIGNATURE DATE

PREPARED BY : Yuvaraj G 2020-06-29

Shwetadreesh
REVIEWED BY :
Ranganath 2020-06-29

APPROVED BY: Krishna Shastry


2020-06-29

ISSUE/REVISION INDEX

Issue Revision
Revision Details
Code No. By Rev’d. App. Date
00 GY SR SK 2020-06-29 Released for Review and Comments

Issue Codes: RC = Released for Construction, RD = Released for Design, RF = Released for Fabrication, RI = Released for Information, RP
= Released for Purchase, RQ = Released for Quotation, RR = Released for Review and Comments.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...........................................................................................................................5

1 INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................6

2 DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE.......................................................................................................7

3 TRANSIENT RECOVERY VOLTAGE...........................................................................................8

3.1 METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................................8
3.2 Scenarios......................................................................................................................................8
3.2.1 Scenario-1...................................................................................................................8
3.2.2 Scenario-2.................................................................................................................10
3.3 Results........................................................................................................................................11
3.4 Summary Of the Results...........................................................................................................12
3.5 Observation................................................................................................................................12
3.6 Conclusion.................................................................................................................................13
3.7 Reference...................................................................................................................................14

APPENDIX-A..........................................................................................................................................15

APPENDIX-B..........................................................................................................................................18

APPENDIX-C..........................................................................................................................................21

APPENDIX-D..........................................................................................................................................24
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List of Table

Table 1. Transient Recovery Results-25kV Faults..................................................................................11

List of Figures

Figure 1. TRV across Breaker _5S25_5B112.........................................................................................15


Figure 2.Fault Current Contribution from Breaker _5S25_5B112 (RMS)................................................15
Figure 3.TRV-A Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope.............................................................................................15
Figure 4.TRV-B Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope.............................................................................................16
Figure 5.TRV-C Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope.............................................................................................17
Figure 6.TRV across Breaker _5S25_5B112..........................................................................................18
Figure 7.Fault Current Contribution from Breaker _5S25_5B112 (RMS)................................................18
Figure 8.TRV-A Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope.............................................................................................19
Figure 9.TRV-B Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope.............................................................................................19
Figure 10.TRV-C Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope...........................................................................................20
Figure 11.TRV across Breaker _5S25_5BT9..........................................................................................21
Figure 12.Fault Current Contribution from Breaker _5S25_5BT9 (RMS)................................................21
Figure 13.TRV-A Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope.............................................................................................22
Figure 14.TRV-B Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope.............................................................................................22
Figure 15.TRV-C Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope.............................................................................................23
Figure 16.TRV across Breaker _5S25_5BT9..........................................................................................24
Figure 17.Fault Current Contribution from Breaker _5S25_5BT9 (RMS)................................................24
Figure 18.TRV-A Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope.............................................................................................25
Figure 19.TRV-B Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope.............................................................................................25
Figure 20.TRV-C Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope.............................................................................................26
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Acronyms

A Ampere

CB Circuit Breaker

CT Current Transformer

kV Kilo Voltage

kA Kilo Ampere

MCOV Maximum Continuous Operating Voltage

MV Medium Voltage

PT Potential Transformer

RRRV Rate of Rise of Recovery Voltage

REV Revenue Metering CT

SLD Single Line Diagram

SS Substation

Ur Rated Voltage

TRV Transient Recovery Voltage

SA Surge Arrester
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

ENMAX Power Corporation (EPC) hired SNC-Lavalin to Transient Recovery Voltage Study, to evaluate
the circuit breaker capability at Substation # 05 located at Calgary. The main purpose of this study is to
assess the Circuit Breaker Performance at Substation # 05, to ensure it successfully the interrupt the
fault current under worst case condition and to avoid the Circuit Breaker damages in fault condition.
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1 INTRODUCTION
This report summarizes the results of Transient Recovery Voltage study carried out for New MV
switchgears at ENMAX Substation No 20. TRV study was carried out to assess the ability of new circuit
breakers to successfully interrupt fault currents under worst case fault scenarios.

TRV levels were assessed against the IEC standard breaker capability curves as outlined in IEC
standard 62271-100.

Studies were Performed in PSCAD /EMTDC modelling software v5.


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2 DESCRIPTION OF THE SITE


The SLD of 05 Substation is attached in Figure 2-1. The substation is feed by two Incoming
transformers 138/25.8kV and it supplies to the 25kV bus. The LV Side 25kV of the bus is divided into
two sections with Bus-coupler is connected between the two buses and it is supplying 8 outgoing
feeders with the new Switchgears ratings as per the given SLD.
The components were modelled in PSCAD /EMTDC modelling software v5, as per the SLD.
In this substation we are going to conduct the 3phase Grounded and Ungrounded fault condition in the
system and to determine our new switchgears can withstand and interrupting the fault current under
worst case scenario.
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3 TRANSIENT RECOVERY VOLTAGE


When circuit breakers are involved in switching, such as making and breaking, transient over voltages
occur across the breakers. These voltages occur due to circuit breaker isolating two circuits and its two
ends. These two isolated circuits try to oscillate its stored energy within its circuit. Hence voltage exists
between the circuit breaker after some duration of breaking, this voltage is termed as the transient
recovery voltage of the circuit breaker. The circuit breaker suitability study is to determine whether the
circuit breaker can withstand the transient recovery voltage without any restrike. If any there is any
serious restrike predicted for the circuit breaker, then suggestion like capacitors placement across the
circuit breaker or recommending a higher voltage circuit breaker are provided.
The TRV Study Scenarios and the results for the ENMAX Substation 05 is presented below.

3.1 METHODOLOGY
The following steps were taken in this Study which we mentioned below,

a. We need to calculate the Thevenin equivalents and update them in the presently provided
Existing TRV models.
b. Then we ran and created 3-Phase & 1-Phase Fault on the Incomer Side (HV Terminals) of the
substation, to calculate the Impedance (Positive & Zero Sequence) values of the Network.
c. After that we deleted all the Remaining Substations which is present outside of Sub 05.
d. Then we modelled the Thevenin’s Equivalent Source for the Sub 05.
e. We run the modelling to find the errors if any in the network, before proceeding further.
f. Debugging the error after that we updated the existing modelling as per the given New SLD
which is provided by the customer.
g. Revised the Model and we created the 3phase Fault (Ungrounded & Grounded) across the
terminals of the Circuit Breakers, Bus & Outgoing Feeders as per the Scenarios.
h. Based on the results with respect to the scenarios to ensure that the new breakers which is
successfully interrupt the Fault current under worst case condition or not.
i. And to determine if there are any breaches in the TRV Capability as per the Standard Practise
IEC 62271-100.
j. Based on the results which we get from the PSCAD, all the Circuit Breakers of TRV is well
within the limit as per the IEC Standard. Here there is no violation is happened in the Substation
05. So, we don’t suggest any mitigation technique for this Study.

3.2 Scenarios

3.2.1 Scenario-1

In this scenario, both the incomer circuit breakers from transformers T7 & T8 at 25kV bus are in
closed condition, with bus coupler in open condition. A terminal fault is created at one of the
outgoing load feeder circuit breakers.
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Case-1: 3Phase Ungrounded Fault at the Breaker BRK_5S25_5B112 Terminal

Description:
In Normal Scenario, the Case-1 TRV study is performed in one of the Outgoing feeders of the Circuit
Breaker in 25kV bus. We created the 3Phase Ungrounded Fault across the Circuit Breaker Terminal
which is highlighted and the Time of applying Fault is 0.1166667[s] and we considered as a Permanent
Fault. After applied the fault, the circuit breaker will operate after 3 cycles 0.1666667[s] to open it. Then
we analyzed and compared the TRV voltage results of the selected CB as per the IEC Standard
Practice. The Simulation results are attached in Appendix-A.

Case-2: 3Phase Grounded Fault at the Breaker BRK_5S25_5B112 Terminal


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Description:
In Normal Scenario, the Case-1 TRV study is performed in one of the Outgoing feeders of the Circuit
Breaker in 25kV bus. We created the 3Phase Grounded Fault across the Circuit Breaker Terminal
which is highlighted and the Time of applying Fault is 0.1166667[s] and we considered as a Permanent
Fault. After applied the fault, the circuit breaker will operate after 3 cycles 0.1666667[s] to open it. Then
we analyzed and compared the TRV voltage results of the selected CB as per the IEC Standard
Practice. The Simulation results are attached in Appendix-B.

3.2.2 Scenario-2

In this scenario, one of the incomer circuit breakers from transformers T7 & T8 at 25kV bus are in
open condition, with bus coupler in closed condition. A terminal fault is created at the Bus
coupler.

Case-3: 3Phase Ungrounded Fault at Bus Coupler BRK_5S25_5BT9

Description:
In Case-3 TRV study is performed in Bus-Coupler of the Circuit Breaker in 25kV bus. We created the
3Phase Ungrounded Fault on the Main bus which is highlighted and the Time of applying Fault is
0.1166667[s] and we considered as a Permanent Fault. After applied the fault, the circuit breaker will
operate after 3 cycles 0.1666667[s] to open it. Then we analyzed and compared the TRV voltage
results of the selected CB as per the IEC Standard Practice. The Simulation results are attached in
Appendix-C.
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Case-4: 3Phase grounded Fault at Bus Coupler BRK_5S25_5BT9

Description:
In Case-4 TRV study is performed in Bus-Coupler of the Circuit Breaker in 25kV bus. We created the
3Phase Grounded Fault on the Main bus which is highlighted and the Time of applying Fault is
0.1166667[s] and we considered as a Permanent Fault. After applied the fault, the circuit breaker will
operate after 3 cycles 0.1666667[s] to open it. Then we analyzed and compared the TRV voltage
results of the selected CB as per the IEC Standard Practice. The Simulation results are attached in
Appendix-D.

3.3 Results
The TRV Study is analyzed for ENMAX Substation 05 and we created the 3P Ungrounded & Grounded
faults across the Circuit Breaker Terminal, Outgoing Feeders and the Bus.

The following plots are generated and analyzed:

1. TRV across Breaker


2. Fault Current Contributions from the breakers
3. TRV Vs Breaker Envelope
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3.4 Summary Of the Results

Summary of results observed under Scenario 1 and Scenario 2 for various types of fault cases are
tabulated in Table 1 below.

Table 1. Transient Recovery Results-25kV Faults

Fault Violation
Voltage Breaker Tag % Rated
Scenarios Cases/Faults Fault Location Contribution
Class (kV) Number Capacity RRRV PEAK
(KA)

Scenario-1 3Phase Outgoing


25 7.67 31% None None
( T7 & T8 are Ungrounded Load Feeder
BRK_5S25_5B112
Closed + B/C Breaker
open ) 3Phase Terminal
25 7.68 31% None None
Grounded
Scenario-2 3Phase
25 Bus Coupler 8.17 33% None None
( T7 is Closed Ungrounded
Breaker BRK_5S25_5BT9
& T8 are open 3Phase
25 Terminal 7.77 31% None None
+ B/C Closed ) Grounded

3.5 Observation

It is Observed from the summary of the results, the fault contribution under Case 1, 2, 3 & 4 is observed
to be 33% and 31% respectively of circuit breaker rating of 25kA. Hence TRV is observed to be within
the T60 capability envelope.
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3.6 Conclusion

From the TRV studies carried out for New 13kV switchgear at ENMAX Substation, it is observed that
the TRV and RRRV levels are well within the capability of the new 13kV circuit breakers is assessed as
per IEC 62271-100. Hence the selected 13kV breakers at ENMAX Substation 20 are adequate for the
application.
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3.7 Reference

[1] IEC Std 62271-100, High Voltage Switchgear and Control Gear for Alternating Current Circuit
Breakers.

[2] IEEE C37.011-2019, Application Guide of Transient Recovery Voltage for AC High Voltage
Circuit Breakers with rated maximum voltage above 1000V
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APPENDIX-A
 Simulation results

Figure 1. TRV across Breaker _5S25_5B112

: Graphs
TRV
30.00
12.401
0.000
20.00
-12.401
10.00 Min -21.126
Max 20.190
0.00 Diff 41.316

-10.00

-20.00

-30.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.29
0.00
f -3.39

Figure 2.Fault Current Contribution from Breaker _5S25_5B112 (RMS)


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Figure 3.TRV-A Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVA ENVA
80.00
20.106
60.00 0.000
40.00 -20.106
Min -21.126
20.00
Max 20.154
0.00 Diff 41.280

-20.00
-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.28
0.00
f -3.57

Figure 4.TRV-B Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVB ENVB
80.00
20.202
60.00 0.000
40.00 -20.202
Min -21.800
20.00
Max 29.250
0.00 Diff 51.050

-20.00
-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.29
0.00
f -3.49
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Figure 5.TRV-C Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVC ENVC
80.00
18.153
60.00 0.000
40.00 -18.153
Min -20.973
20.00
Max 20.180
0.00 Diff 41.153

-20.00
-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.29
0.00
f -3.44
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APPENDIX-B
 Simulation results

Figure 6.TRV across Breaker _5S25_5B112

Figure 7.Fault Current Contribution from Breaker _5S25_5B112 (RMS)


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Figure 8.TRV-A Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVA ENVA
80.00
20.106
60.00 0.000
40.00 -20.106
Min -20.176
20.00
Max 20.154
0.00 Diff 40.331

-20.00
-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.28
0.00
f -3.57

Figure 9.TRV-B Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVB ENVB
80.00
20.202
60.00 0.000
40.00 -20.202
Min -20.184
20.00
Max 20.202
0.00 Diff 40.386

-20.00
-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.29
0.00
f -3.49
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Figure 10.TRV-C Vs BRK_5B112 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVC ENVC
80.00
18.153
60.00 0.000
40.00 -18.153
Min -20.197
20.00
Max 20.180
0.00 Diff 40.376

-20.00
-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.29
0.00
f -3.44
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APPENDIX-C
 Simulation results

Figure 11.TRV across Breaker _5S25_5BT9

: Graphs
TRV
30.00
15.145
20.00 0.000
-15.145
10.00 Min -20.761
Max 20.158
0.00 Diff 40.919

-10.00

-20.00

-30.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.28
0.00
f -3.54

Figure 12.Fault Current Contribution from Breaker _5S25_5BT9 (RMS)


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Figure 13.TRV-A Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope


: Graphs
TRVA ENVA
80.00
6.027
0.000
60.00
-6.027
Min -20.761
40.00 Max 20.158
Diff 40.919
20.00

0.00

-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.28
0.00
f -3.52

Figure 14.TRV-B Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVB ENVB
80.00
17.345
0.000
60.00
-17.345
Min -21.685
40.00 Max 28.524
Diff 50.209
20.00

0.00

-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.29
0.00
f -3.48
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Figure 15.TRV-C Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVC ENVC
80.00
-14.530
60.00 0.000
14.530
40.00 Min -20.888
Max 20.148
20.00 Diff 41.036

0.00

-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.29
0.00
f -3.50

.
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APPENDIX-D
 Simulation results

Figure 16.TRV across Breaker _5S25_5BT9

Figure 17.Fault Current Contribution from Breaker _5S25_5BT9 (RMS)


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Figure 18.TRV-A Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVA ENVA
80.00
6.029
0.000
60.00
-6.029
Min -20.143
40.00 Max 20.158
Diff 40.301
20.00

0.00

-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.28
0.00
f -3.52

Figure 19.TRV-B Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVB ENVB
80.00
17.345
0.000
60.00
-17.345
Min -20.153
40.00 Max 20.170
Diff 40.322
20.00

0.00

-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.29
0.00
f -3.48
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Figure 20.TRV-C Vs BRK_5BT9 Envelope

: Graphs
TRVC ENVC
80.00
-14.531
60.00 0.000
14.531
40.00 Min -20.165
Max 20.147
20.00 Diff 40.312

0.00

-20.00

-40.00

-60.00

-80.00
sec 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.29
0.00
f -3.50

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