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Lec 9

This document discusses rectangular waveguides and propagation of electromagnetic waves through them. It describes: 1) Rectangular waveguides can propagate TM and TE modes but not TEM waves. The general procedure to analyze TE and TM waves is to solve the Helmholtz equation and apply boundary conditions. 2) For TE modes, the reduced Helmholtz equation is solved using separation of variables. Boundary conditions are applied to the electric field components tangential to the walls. 3) For TM modes, the reduced Helmholtz equation is directly solved using separation of variables. Boundary conditions are then applied to the electric field. 4) Key waveguide parameters like cutoff frequency

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31 views24 pages

Lec 9

This document discusses rectangular waveguides and propagation of electromagnetic waves through them. It describes: 1) Rectangular waveguides can propagate TM and TE modes but not TEM waves. The general procedure to analyze TE and TM waves is to solve the Helmholtz equation and apply boundary conditions. 2) For TE modes, the reduced Helmholtz equation is solved using separation of variables. Boundary conditions are applied to the electric field components tangential to the walls. 3) For TM modes, the reduced Helmholtz equation is directly solved using separation of variables. Boundary conditions are then applied to the electric field. 4) Key waveguide parameters like cutoff frequency

Uploaded by

jixibef278
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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9

Transmission line

Dr. Maha Raouf


2022/2023
Rectangular Waveguide
Rectangular Waveguide
 The hollow rectangular waveguide can propagate TM and TE modes but not TEM waves since only
one conductor is present.

H
E
E x
H

TE mode
General Solutions For TEM, TE, And TM Waves
 The procedure for analyzing TE and TM waveguides can be summarized as follows:

1. Solve the reduced Helmholtz equation, for hz or ez . The solution will contain several unknown
constants and the unknown cutoff wave number, kc.
2. Find the transverse fields from hz or ez .
3. Apply the boundary conditions to the appropriate field components to find the unknown
constants and kc.
4. The propagation constant is given by β and the wave impedance by ZTE or ZTM.
Rectangular Waveguide
TE mode (Ez=0)

 The reduced Helmholtz equation

 Solved by the method of separation of variables


Rectangular Waveguide

 Apply the boundary conditions on the electric field components tangential to the waveguide
walls

 To apply B.C., we must find ex and ey from hz:


Rectangular Waveguide

Amn is an arbitrary amplitude constant


composed of the remaining constants A
and C
Rectangular Waveguide
Rectangular Waveguide

 The propagation constant :

 The cutoff frequency fcmn given


Rectangular Waveguide
Dominant TE mode in Rectangular Waveguide
 The mode with the lowest cutoff frequency is called the dominant mode

If both (m = n = 0) ; there is no TE00 mode


If (m =1 & n = 0) TE10; there is Ey, Hx, Hz
1
𝑓𝑐10 =
2𝑎 𝜇𝜀
If (m =0 & n = 1) TE01; there is Ex, Hy, Hz
1
𝑓𝑐01 =
2𝑏 𝜇𝜀
Since a > b, So the dominant mode is TE10
Rectangular Waveguide
Fields inside rectangular waveguide for dominant mode TE10

1
𝑓𝑐10 =
2𝑎 𝜇𝜀
Rectangular Waveguide
Wave parameter of TE mode in Rectangular Waveguide

 The guide wavelength

 The phase velocity


Rectangular Waveguide
Field distribution for different TE modes inside Rectangular Waveguide

x
Ex = Hy= 0
Rectangular Waveguide
Field distribution for different TE modes inside Rectangular Waveguide

x
Ex = Hy= 0
Rectangular Waveguide
TM mode (Hz=0)

 The reduced Helmholtz equation

 Solved by the method of separation of variables

B.C. can be applied directly to ez:


Rectangular Waveguide

where Bmn is an arbitrary amplitude constant.


Rectangular Waveguide

 The guide wavelength, propagation constant, and phase velocity for TM modes are also the
same as those for TE modes.
Rectangular Waveguide
Dominant TM mode in Rectangular Waveguide

 There is no TM00, TM01, or TM10 mode

 The dominant Propagation mode is TM11


Rectangular Waveguide
Field distribution for different TM modes inside Rectangular Waveguide

x
Rectangular Waveguide
Field distribution for different TM modes inside Rectangular Waveguide

x
Rectangular Waveguide
Rectangular Waveguide
Rectangular Waveguide
 Example:
Consider a length of Teflon-filled, copper K-band rectangular waveguide having dimensions a = 1.07
cm and b = 0.43 cm. Find the cutoff frequencies of the first five propagating modes. If the operating
frequency is 15 GHz, find the attenuation due to dielectric. (Teflon 𝜀𝑟 = 2.08, tan 𝛿 = 0.0004)
Rectangular Waveguide
The propagation constant for the TE10 mode

The attenuation due to dielectric loss is

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