CEE eS sy Max. BM allowed fora singly reinforced section with Fe 419 bars (Table 6.2) TSR | x 2 = 9,198 x 20 x 1000 300? x 1 My im = 0138 fybd? = 0.138 x aS = 2484 kNm > 112 kNm. Hence section can be designed as singly reinforced. § Area of reinforcement fy M, = asth Avd(1-5 -5x z] Aw. 415 112x108 = st xst5 Ay *800(1- T0000 «| 108315 A,, - 7.494%, A2 -14461.28 A,, +14.9x 10° 0 14461.28 + /(14461.28)? - 4 x14.9x 10° LS eee Au 2 = 1117 mm? Using 16 mm bars, A, = 4 x16" = 201mm? Spacing = cy 1000 =179 mm provide 16 mm ¢ @ 170 cc Distribution steel = 0.12% of area = 942 x 1000x925 = 390 mm* 388 x 1000 = 201 mm Spacing of 109 bars = provide 10 ¢ @ 200 mm cc @ Development length (0.87 /,) 16x 0.87% 41 s* ay amie ~ Sm Providing 800 mm length of bars at points where L, is required as shown in Fig. 13.13.ba iD s12 De fen or 666.6 mm ‘Taking column dimensions as 700 mm x 700 mm for designing a short axially lnnded eolumn, [Assuming li =Lyorortedl nin = 39.3320 mm ee pin ® 0.05 D 0.05) = 0.05 x 700=35 . min > 0.05 D Hence this column is to be designed for combined, axi ja the syllabus Only short axially loaded column, are spially loaded short column ande,,,, 0.05 D M4 fy A, 40.67 f,. A, 2500 x 107 = 0.4 x 20 x (700 x 700-A,.) + 0.67 « 415 xA,. solving it the A,, comes out to be -ve therefore the concrete area provided is more than required hence calculating the required conerete area ial load and bending. But since there, So assuming it to be an 2500 x 10° = 0.4 x 20A, A, = 312500 mm? Taking A, = 0.008A, [assuming 0.8% minimum steel] = 0.008 x 312500 2500 mm? Using 20 mm diameter bar, Area = 314mm? 2500 No.ofbars = 30? =7.96 say 8 Provide 8 no, 20 mm diameter bars. &§ Lateral Ties : The diameter of ties should not be less than ti) 20-5 mm (6mm The pitch of the ties should not be less than (least lateral dimension = 400 mm (a) 16 x 20 = 320 mm (ii) 300 mm +. Provide 6 mm 6 @300 mm c/c as double ties.482044, +135 x 10° = 0 4820.4 + (4820.4)? - 4 x 135x190" Ay = Sei ext x 108 2 = 300 mm? Using 8 mm 9 bar Area ofone 8 mm dia bars,A, = 7 *8* = 60.3 mm? 1000 x 50.3 Spacing of bars = 300 = 167 mm say 160 mm The spacing should be less than () 3d =3 x 100 = 300 mm (i) 300mm 1000 x 50.3 # Actors ® gp — = 314 me As per IS code minimum area of reinforcement to be provided is = 0.124D/00 (For HYSD ban = 0.12 x 1009 x 120/100 = 144 mm* < 300 mm* Hence 0K ~ Provide 8 mm 9 bars @ 160 mm c/c in shorter span. =371 mm) from the centre of support q Bending half the bars at 375 mm (: 230 75 - 23° — 260 mm from the face of the support. A,, at supports is half of that at mid-span, Ast provided at supports = 244-157 mm? >120mm? hence O.K. = Distribution steel O12bd 7 0.12 x 1000 x 120 100 100 = 144 mm? Area of distribution steel Using 6 mm 9 bars,A, = 7 *6* = 283 mm? P 1000.4, 1000 « 28.3 Spacing = A aa =196.5 mm say » Provide 6 6@ 190 mm cc in longer direction (the spacing should be less than (i) 5d i.e, 5 x 100 = 500 mm, (i) 450 mm)3 Check for shear V, = 15000N ¥, Nominal shearstress = t, = 48 N/mm? 100A,, 1007157 _ ‘Atsupport, A, Sa = Toor i000 7 05* For M20 concrete and P, = 0.15 % from Table 5.5. tT, = 0.28 Nimm? For 120 mm depth k = 1.3, from Table 5.6 1, for slab = kt, = 0.28 x 1.3= 0.36 Nimm?> t,. Hence O.K. 1 Check for deflection = 157mm’, P, = 100.4, _ 1007314 = “bd” 10071000 ~ "91% Aw 300 f= 958f, Saar = 0587415{ 200 230 N/mm? at prermdet 14 230 N/mm? from Fig. 6.1 031 031 For f, = 240 N/mm «. For f, = 230 N/mm* Atsupports M,, = OST, Aad “wae } a ost 415-187 1001 abE x85 } ~ 100 « 100 » 20, M,, = 5483819.9Nmm V, = 15000NEss Using no hook Jy = 0 M, 1 5483819.9 , 9 _ +0=366mm (0.87f,) Ting 8x 0.87% 415 = “Fatexde “876MM y= 1.6% 1.2 for Feb, Tan eb. Mey 7 * tly «by Hence codal requirements are not satisfied. Therefore providing a 90° bend at the ce ‘tre op support |, = 80=8x8=64mm M, i Fito = 366 + 64 = 490 mm >Ly Hence codal requirements are satisfied. The arrangement of reinforcement is given in Fig. 9 8.4, 20mm @ 320mm cle *6mm @ 230 mm cle 0mm @ 160mm le eee fy Fig. 9.4. Gent Example 9.3. Design a simply supported roof slak for a room 7.5 m x 3.5 m clear in size. The slab is carrying an imposed load of 5 kNim?, Use M20 mix and Fe 415 steel. 1, I) 2 759 hence it is a one way slab. i Assuming total depth [a 35 d= 150-20-5=125mm [Clear cover 20mm and dia, of main bar = 10 mm} Solution. 7 = 3500 _ 140 mm 25 = 150mm & Effective span (2) Itshould be least. of the following () Centre to centre distance = 3.5 + 0. (a) Clear span + Effective depth = 3.5 + 0.125 = 3,625 m oi 1= 3.625m [Assuming bearing = 200 mlDesign a cantilever slab for an overhang of 1.25 m. The imposed load on slab consists of 1 kN/m’ of live load and weight of finishing is 800 N/m*. Use M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel. Solution. Given, d= 125m Imposed load = 1000 N/m? + 800 N/m? = 1800 N/m? f, = 20 Nimm?* f, = 415 N/mm” le _ 1250 _ m @ Assume D = 150mm [Depth = =i9~ 10° ele 150- 20-5 = 125 is "ae Selfwt, of slab Imposed load = Total load, w = Designed load = w, = Factored moment = ored shear force, V,, gn toad (te,) and factored moment (M,) 01581 25000 =3750 Nim Wnitweight oR C.C.= 25000 Nin") 1800 * 1 = 1800 N/m 5550 Ném WONT, = 5550 x 1.5 [r= 1.61 8325 N/m ar, = Mal? _ 8825x1257 eee 2 6504. Nm 6.504 x 10° Nmm w, -1 = 8325 x 1.25 =10406.25 N = 048 [Table 5.2 for Fe 415 steel] Fact Minimum effective depth required Xu max d R, 0 Sumas Xu max ose, “(1-09 — ) 0.36 x 20 x 0.48 (1 - 0.42 x 0.48) = 276 M, _ [6504 x 10° dood = RB ~¥276<1000 dyyq = 49 mm < 125 mm. Hence O.K. The section is under reinforced, a Area of steel (A,,) fyAw M, = 087f, Ava 415A, es ieee 6.504x10° = 0.87x 415 «125A, ( 000x125 x20 6.504 « 10° = 45131.254, -7.49A3 4} - 602554, + 8689578 A, = 0 6025.5 + (6025. x 86835more than minimum area of re: Moreement 1g nt Ip " This area of steel should be X-sectional area 0.126D _ 0.121000 x 150 = “100” Joo = 180 mm > 148 mm? ProvidingA, = 180mm? Using 8 mm @ bar A, = xe =60.3mm? 1000 x 60.3 Spacing of 8 mm bar = —qgq 279mm say 270 mm Maximum spacing is limited to () 3d 23x 100=300 mm (i) 300mm . Provide § mm ¢@ 270 mm e/c as main steel. ‘Also providing 8 mm ¢@ 270 mm cfc in other direction also as distribution reinforce Ten, ™ Check for shear V, = 4617.2N 1000 x 50.3 2 = 20005503 § 186.3 mm* Aug provided v, Nominal shear stress, %, = 15 = OEE. = 0.08 Nimm* = Design shear strength of concrete (t,) 100.Ag Pee ed P 100 x 181 ¢ 1000 « 125 = 0.15% For P, = 0. 15% and M20 concrete, from Table 5.5 1, = 0.28 Nimm? A= 13 [Table 5.6, ¢ = 125 ma} kat, = 1.3 x 0.08 0.36 N/mm? >> t,. Hence O.K. = Checking for development length ‘The code requires that the reinforcement must extend at least £., into support 6(0.87f, } ee 8x 0.87» AIS ax1Gx12 Waa = L, = 376mm 1,6 « 1.2 for Fe 415 ‘Table 5.51(gn Sieahoon ing. 3” "77 oer Bin 8" bend ees o 110) as "8 © 270mm cle 4B @ 270 mm cle i i 900 mm Fig. 9.6. 1 Check for deflection P, = 0.15% Au = 0.58/,|—“""_ f * ose _ 180 2 = 0.98415 x{ 80. “|= 223 N/mm’ ForP, = 0.15% and f, = 223 N/mm” from Table 6.1 4, = 2.0 (approximately) [values lower than 0.2% are not given) (3)... =7x2=14 ‘) 1250 (a provided 125 =i0 | ! 1 8 (5) > (2 ae hence 0,K.™x5m tet Design a reinforced concrete slab for a room of clear dimensions « is supported on walls of width 300 mm. The slab is carrying a live load of 4 ye" floor finish 1 kN/m?, Use M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel. The corners of sla ™ %d AT hey down. Solution. Given: .25 <2 hence this is a two way slab. [Assuming tL. 25 n00 @ Assuming D = 180 mm d= 180 15-4 = 161 mm (assuming clear cover as 15 mm and 8 mm as the dia. of mainba, ® Effective span Effective span in X-direction () Centre to centre 4 + 0.3 = 4.3 m (ii) Clear span + Effective depth = 4 + 0.161 = 4.161 m t= 4.161m and J, = 5.161 m Similarly effective span in Y direction, /, = 5.161 m @ Design load (w,) Self wt. ofslab = 0.18 x 1x 25=4.5kN/m [Unit weight of R.C.C. = 25 kN/m' Finishingload = 1x 1=1kN/m Live load = 4% 1=4kN/m Total load = 4.54+1+4=9.5kN/m load factor = 14 Factored or design load = 9.5%15 = 14.25 kN/m eld down, It correspon § Since the slab issupported on all the four sides and its cornersare h ‘ase 9, Table 10.1 = Design moment and shear From Table 10.1 to: ! for ia = 125 = 0.072 4 2079 0.072 «4 95 -1.2) 13-12 a, = 0,075s Minimum depth requi M, "y Maximum shear force st v Grey = aw, 2 = 0.075 x 14.25 x 4.161? = 18.5 kNm or 18.5 x 10° Nmm awl = 0,056 x 14.25 x 4.161? = 13.81 kNm or 13.81 x 10° Nmm =V, = wl, (3) = wea5x ser | 55s] = 22.81 KN or 22810N red (dt) M, = VRE IR, =2.76 for M20 concrete and Fe 415, Table 6.1] _ [185x108 = ¥276x1000 dygqs = 82M < dyeauget- Hence OK. & Design of main reinforcement (along shorter span in X-direction (middle strip) : Width of middle strip = a, 18.5 x10° A? ~7760.A,, + 2463284 Using 8 mm 9 bars Ay Ay Ay 4 xs16= 3.9m = 161mm O87/,Ay af} —Aaly | bdfy = 0.87 « 415 x Ast x 161 (000x161 x 20 415A y | 7760.5 - (7760.5) ~ 4 x 2463284 2 = 332.5 mm = ae = 50.3 mm*1000 Ay a Spacing An 1000 x 50.3 332 161 mm say 150 mm (spacing is less than 3¢ anq 30, 2,» 012 1000x180 Anna = 790°? = 100 1000 x 50.3 Antti age mm? > 216 mm*. Hence 0,K. =. Provide § mm ¢@ 150 mm de in the middle strip of width 3.9 m (ii) Along longer span in ¥-direction (middle strip) : =216 mm? Width of midele strip = 3, = $x416-312m Effective depth along y direction, d= 161-4-4=153 mm LAs M, = sth Aua{t-f7") ee. _ 415A, 13.81 x 10 = 087x416 «A, x15 7000 x 153 x2 Az -T3251 A, +1.83%108 = 7925 - (7325)? — 4 x 1.83 x 10° * 2 Ay = 261mm? > Ay nin 1000 x 50.3 Spacing of 8 mm dia. bars = 261 is less than 3d and 300 mm) =192mm [Spaci :. Provide § mm ¢ bars @ 190 mm dc in middle strip of width 3.12 m (it) Reinforcement in as strip = 216mm? Using § mm 9 bars Spacing = 1000808 =232mm (Spacing is less than 5d or 450 mm) Using 8 mm 9 bars @230 mm c/cin the edge strip of width pts ~3,9) i.e. 1.04 malong ‘X-direction and edge strip of width Lisss 9,12) i.e, 0.52 m along Y-direction.5 Goes for Shear Nominal shear stress = t, = +, = 22810 “ 2 000x160 ~ 0.14 N/mm’ 100A, = ee p, = 100x335 +” 1000x161 For P, = 0.21 and M20 concrete, Table 5.5 1.21% 0.36 - 0.28 2 Te = 028+ 7 5e— ogg X(021- 0.15) = 0.33 Nimm For 180 mm thickness of slab K = 1.24 from Table 5.6 ICI. 40.2.1.1 of IS 456] t, = 0.33 x 1.24 = 0.41 Nimm?> 1, z. Shear reinforcement is not required. ™ Check for deflection Pp Aw fiom ose, | eee] = 0.58% s1o[ 33] = 240 N/mm? 021% f, = 240 N/mm”, from Fig. 6.1 k= 16 t (3), = 20% 1,6 =32. 4161 _ (2) =r (4). > (5 Yaa Hence 0.K. "Torsional reinforcement at corners 4436 Mesh size = [f= 48 - 0.832 mm say 840 mmAren of torsional reinforcement 2 ES 3 x aa5 = 251 mm? nr Using 8mmebars Ay = 7% 8 =50.3 1000 x 60.3 Spacing = aa = 201 mm say 200 mm «Provide 8 mm mesh of bars @ 200 mm cc in a mesh = Arrangement of reinforcement (®) Bending halfof the main bars at a distance of 0.15/, i.e. 0.65 m from the centre or (650 — 150) 500 mm from edge of support along X direction available Tength sauPPo, top = 650 - 130 i.e. 520 mm from centre of support. Of bars a, (a) Bending halfof the main bars at a distance of 0.151, i.e. 775 mm from centre of, 775-150 = 625 mm from edge of support along ¥ direction, available length ofa ore = 775 — 130 = 645 mm from centre of support. atten pre #8 mm @ 190 mm cle #8 mm @ 300 mm ele (a) Section along short span 645 mm ~—4 48 mm @ 190 mm cle 48 mm @ 380 mm cle 48 mm @ 150 mm clewee — od concrete short column is 400 mm x 400 mm and h: 20 mm reinfor"Hetermine the ultimate load carrying capacity stealtuan i M0 eoncrete A € ; 5 weed is used. Assume en, < 0.05 D. Sse Given: 6 = 400 mm, d =400mm - n A, = 4x7 %20? = 1256.6 mm? A, = 400 x 400 = 160000 mm? fy = 20 Nimm? [For M20 concrete} f, = 415 Nimm?_ [For Fe 415 steel] AL = Ags = 16 ee (A fiyA,+ 0.87 f,.A,, 0.4 x 20 x 158743,4 + 0,67 x 415 x 1256.6 font 1619344.8 N or 1619.3 kN «Ultimate log carrying capacity of column = 1619.3 kN Example 11.2. Find the ultimate load carrying capacity and allowable load for a short column of size 500 mm x 500 mm. The column is reinforced with 4-25 mm diameter bars. Use 320 conerete and HYSD wrade Fe 415 steel. Assume e,,, < 0.05 D. Solution. Given : = 500mm, d =500mm Load on column, P, = dies Ax 75? = 1964 mm? 20 Ninm* (For M20 concrete] 415 Nin? [For Fe 415 steel] 00 x 500 = 250000 mm? Ag~ A, = 250000 ~ 1964 = 248036 mm? 0,05 D 04 fy-A,+067f,. Ae 4 x 20 x 248036 + 0.67 x 415 x 1964 Since % 53U378.2 N Ultimate load = 2530.3 kN 1530.3 Allowable service load = 2 = 1686.92 KNexample 11.4, short FLC.C. square column is required to carry a factored load of 1900 KN. Design the column. Assume e,,,, < 0.05 D and use M20 concrete and mild steel. solution. Given : P, = 1900 kN = 1900 x 10°N nin < 0.05 D fy = 20 Nimm? [For M20 concrete} f, = 250 N/mm? [For mild steel bar] Cnn < 0.05 D> Zo or 400mm 5 egg = 20 mm} ® Assuming 0.8 percent steel, 0. Ag = 799 *A¢ = 0.0084, A R= Ap Ay =A, 0.008 A, = 0.992 A, P, = OAL, A, +0.67/,A,. 1900 10" = 0.4 x 20 x 0,992A, + 0.67 x 250 x 0.008A, 9.276A, = 1900 x 10° A Side ofcolumn = 452.7 mm +. Adopting 460 mm x 460 mm as size of column A, = 0.008 x 460 x 460 = 1693mm* .. Providing 20 mm dia bars A, = Fx 20? = 314mm? 1693 No. of bars reqd = 314 =6 +. Provide 6-20 mm 9 bars, A, = 6314 = 1884 mm? ™ Lateral ties The diameter of lateral ties should not be less than if} $x20 =5mm () 6mm() Least lateral dimension i.e. 460 mm (a) 16 = 20 = 320mm (at) 300 mm Provide 6 mm 9 bars @ 300 mm c/c as lateral links. 450m eS g| gE (Ed are : fa) Wrong arrangement Using 6 mm 0 ti | The pitch of the ties should not exceed | 450m 4-16 9 bars tb) Fig. 11.9. The distance between the corner bars is greater than 300 mm (450 ~2 x 40— 29 hence the arrangement of reinforcement isto be changed, Let us ise 4-20 mm dia bars and oo dia bars as shown in Fig. 11.9. Band 16m, Agepnuted = 4% 914 + 4 x 201 = 2060 mm? prom Example 11.5. Design a short R.CC. column to carry an axial load of 1600 KN. It is 4 m long, effect held in position and restrained against rotation at both ends. Use M20 concrete) Fe 415 steel. Solution. Given : L=4mm P = 1600kN fy = 20 Nénm? [For M20 concret f, = 415 Némm? [For Fe 415 steel] @® Effectively held is position and restrained againest rotation, from Table 11.1 dup = (0.651 0.65 x 4 = 2.6 m or 2600 mm P, = 1.6 P=1.5 x 1600 = 2400 kN @ Factored load, ‘ Assuming 1% steel A,. = 0.01A, A= A,-A, =A, ~ 0001 Ay = 0.99 A, P, = OAL, A, + 0.67/,A,, 2400 x 10° = 0.4 x 20 0.99 A, + 0.67 x 415 x O01 A, A, = 224299 mm* “+ Providing 600 mm x 600 mm columnjen oatentsicity son = 1, DB _ 4000 , 500 min = 500° 30 ~ 500 ° 30° Cain = 24.67 m Cin _ 24.67 “Dr = Fog = 9-049 < 0.05 ete column can be designed as axially loaded short column. len’ steel (A) of od a Aree A, = 0.014, — 0.01 x 224299 [calculated on required Ad 2243 mm? A, = ©x20? =314 mm? angzommotars Ay= 4 = 314 mm 2243 No.ofbarsreqd = Say = provide 820mm dia bars. gre @ aco eect a Latral ties r 7 sterof lateral ties should be more than ig a 8-#20 mm bars. 3 1 =5mm (Clear cover ogee =Omm (é) 6mm fo 500. gg “= Using 6 mm o links Pichof the ties should not exceed the following : Fig. 11.10 (i) Least lateral dimension = 500 mm la) 16x 20 = 320 mm (@) 300mm =. Provide 6 mm 0 @ 300 mm cle as shown is Fig. 11.10. Brample 11,6172 Design a Zolumn of size 450 mm x 600 mm and having 3 m unsupported length. The ‘olumn is subjected to a lond of 2000 kN and is effectively held in position but not restrained againest rotation. Use M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel. Solution. Given : b = 450mm, d = 600mm L=3m P = 2000kN= 20 Nim f, = 415 Nimm* “Sag, m Effectivelength, yg = al [For effectively hety eg +10 Festrain tion = 3m=3000mm ta neg nit, = 1000 | . Slendemess ratio = 450 = 587 < 19 Hence it is a short column. © Minimum eccenticity (e,,,,) Ford = 600) mm LD _ 3000, 600 fm = 500 "30 ~ 500 ~ go =26.0mm>20 mm fee = 20mm 005 D = 0.05 » 600= 30.0 mm>e,,, For 6 = 450 mm 21.0 mm > 20 mm Hence it is designed asa short axially loaded colusnn © Factored load, Pl= bP = 1.5 = 2000 = 3000 kN of 3000 » 10° N © Area of Longitudinal steel (A_) A, = 450» 600 A, = A,-A_=270000-A_ For an axially loaded short column P= O4f, 4 2067/4, 2000» 10" = 04% 20270000 — A.) + 0.67» 415 x A_ ZV05A, = 840000 AL = 3110.5 mm? 31105 Precentage of reinforcement = = 1.16% 270000 It is between 0.8 to 4° hence OK Using 4-25 mm 6 hare = 4+ 4906 = 1962 wot 4-20 mm 6 bars = 4% 411 = 1 Ae prenteg = 3218 5 mm? >3110.5 mm? henee OKate ei ster jateral tics should be more kn _,, ine 8 si ichof ties should not exceed the following. Pig. 11.11. ‘ he gs tira a 4g 202 320 mm a one : a) ide 8 mam o ties @ 300 mm cc f reinforcement is shown in Fig. 11.11. fea | f 4 = #2 nm 9 (at comnor®) ” Ly 26 6.25 3 J— 4 #20 mm @ (in midcto) og 6mm . ) . | é m dia ties 89 @ 900 mmele : dimension = 450 mm ‘ye arranernent 0 pongo 117 ular column of diameter 400 mm subjected to a load of 1200 kN. The ire’ we 4, naving spiral ties. The column is dm long and is effectively held in position oot ends but not restrained against rotation. Use M25 concrete and Fe 415 steel. jon. Given L=3m ween P = 1200kN D = 400mm fy = 25 N/mm? [For M25 concrete] {For Fe 415 steel] f, = 415 Nimm* [Since the column efectively held is position at both ends bur not restrained against rotation, Table 11.1] a Effective length le = 1.0 au Slenderness ratio = = 3000 275 <12 Hence itis a short column. = Minimum eccenticity (Cin) L,D min = 500 * 30 3000 , 400 500 * 30 = 19.33 mm > 20 mm Cin = 20 mM min | 20 _ BE = gy #008 «.Itis designed as axially loaded column. © Area of steel (A,.) Pye 15 x P= 1.6 x 1200 = 1800 KN = 1800 « 10° NFor a column with helical ties, the load carrying capacity is gi P, = 1.0504f, 4, + 0.67f,A,) 4 5663.7 — A, 1800 x 10? = 10.5104 = 25 = (125663.7~A,)+0.67 x 415, 268.05A, = 480531.15 = 1793 mm? 1793 x 100 Perventage ofsteel = 356537 7 L438 It is between 0.8 and 4%, hence O.K_ . Using 20 mm dia bars A, = 314mm? ss 1793 _ 45 No.ofbars reqd. = 3p = 47 say6 «+ Provide 6-20 mm dia bars A, gag = 6 x 314 = 1884 mm?) = Helical Reinforcement Core diameter. D, = 400-2 x 50 = 300mm 4g VAssuming clear cover ‘i 50) Areaofeore = } *300* - 1884 — 6850.5 mm? Assuming pitch = p jeer Volume of core per pitch = 6850.8 xp Using § mm o spiral Volume of one spiral per pitch = Exe? x 7(300-§) = 461105 mm? Satomiae oe Volume of Helical reinforcement _ _46110.8 Volume of core = 68801L.Sp As per IS code sssorsp ular footing of uniform thickness for an axially to Design a rect ‘on column is 1150 KN. Safe 2 capacity ons “he wi i 600 mm I Sho Nim, Use N20 concrete and Fe 415 steel. : uw, = 1150kN tu, = 10% of w, = 115kN w,+w,= 1265 kN qj, = 200 N/m? Solution. Xamon 2 For M20 concrete and Fe 415 steel 7 =048 and R,=2.76 Tables 5.2.4 8, 2 w, +r _ 126: @ Area of footing = A= ~~ * G00 Considering length to width ratio of footing same as that of column, i. yo Area of footing = x Ry =x x 2x = 2x" = 6.925 = 6.325 m 2, =178 msay 1.80 m y= 2x=360m Soil pressure due to column load only. PIBO) pricey = 360x180 =ATTATKN/ am = 266.21 kN/m* Factored soil pressure = 1.5 *177.47 = Calculation of depth of footing (a) By shear criterion : Criti ton ; ; ma aaa way criterion : Critical section is at d from face to column (Fig. 1233 Pury (222-2) SF. in longer direction = 266.21 3.6% ( -«) = 958.356 x 0.75 - 958.956 ¢ = 718.767 -958.356d Pix (VSS >) SF. in shorterdirection = 266.2118 *(* so o8 -d) = 718,167 -479.178d wll SF. in shorter direction is more, SF. resisted by theconcrete = 1,Xd fr, = 0.32 fir 0.2% stee! reinforcement = O82 108 x180xd = 576d li 10°a I F, e ° [Ie 8 vel | 8 fa Ts Fig. 12.13. Fig. 12.14, aating (and (a) Bet 18.767- 479.1 78d = 576d d = 0.681m fl 1.00 of footing by two way shear criterion : Critical Std”? from the face of column. (Fig. 12.15) force at critical section due to shaded area 266,21 x (3.6 x 1.80 ~(0.3+d)x(0.6+d)) sans shear! 1725 - 266.21(0.18 + 0.9d +d?) = 1677.08 - 239.59d~ 266.21d" = (J 2 Aili) 3 Punching shear resisted by section = t, x A where 4 = 0.95 fi, = 0.25020 = 1.118 N/mm? A = Area of critical section = perimeter x d = [10.30 +d) + (0.60 + d)] xd 10.90 + 2d) d = 0.9d + 2d? Fig. 12.15. . 10° 2 Shear force resisted = L1I8% Ty (0.9d + 2d*) = 1006.2d + 2236d" wadiv) Equating (iii) and (iv), we get 1877.08 -239.59d - 266.21d° = 1006.2d + 2236d° * — d'+0.498d-0.¢7 = 0ee ea 0.498 + J0.498* +4 x 0.67 a Ss d = 0.607m © of footing by bending moment eriterion : Critical section is at the fae a Deals OF the column, (Fig. 12.15) pattie, & 0.20, : | = | [- fi 030, bo h—182 oy 1 Fig. 12.16. 266.21 % 1.801.542 ~ 539,08 kNm wale) B.M. in longerdirection = B.M. in shorter dircetion = 266.21 x 3.60. 0.75 x 978 269.54 kNm. Hence B.M. in longer direction is more. Moment of resistance in longer direction M, = 0.138/,, xd? [Por Fe 415] = 0138 x 20 x 1800 xd? = 4968 d* Nmm. eli Equating (v) and (vi), we get 539.08 x 10° x 10° = 4968d" 2 _ 539.0810" d= a = 1085105 d = 330 mm = 0.330 m ‘ « Out of [Al, [B] and (C] the value of [Al, ic. 681 mm is highest.De eee Zain , and 50 mm clear cover, ‘ysin® ‘overall depth, D = 690+8459 7148 d= 750-859 sqm 750 mam 692 mm of reinforcement saree M, = 087f, Aya{y— Anh bd fy grin direction 539.08 x10° = 087x415 x A, x692x(1— per) 1800 x 692 x20 = 24981664, (: Aw ) 6002892 = 24984664, oc Ay ~ 60080.41A, +(129.52%108) =0 162.42 | 60030.41+ Jo z= e ie 0080.41" ~ 4 x129.52%10° _ 9995 sam? = J al ; ing = 201 Using 16 bars, spacing = > 1800 =162.60 mm jde 16 6 @ 160 mm cle Forshorter direction 269.54 10° = 2498466 A, ( - wie) 5002852 = 249846.6.A,, - 4.16243, A 6008041 A,, +(64.76x10®) =0 A, = S00d041+ 160030.41? - 4 x 64.76 x 10° 2 Ag = 1098.91 mm? =, 012 Min reinforcement @ 0.12% = [oq % 3600x760 = 3240 mm* > 1098 mm* Asper IS code provisions Reinforcement in central band __2_ Total reinforcement in shorter direction ~ [\+1 where p=tforcement in central band Bes 3240 21 or Reinforeomentin centralband = 23240 = 2160 mm? ‘This reinforcement shall be distributed in central 1.8 m bandwidth, Spacing of 16 bars = ao 1800 = 1675 mmsay 160 mm Provide 16 ¢ @ 160 mm cle in central band Balance area of steel to be distributed in outer bands = 3240-2160 = 1080 mm? Spacing of16 bars = Zot 1800 = 835 ‘Maximum spacing allowed = 300 mm or d (692) whichever is less, Provide 16 9 bars @ 300 mm le for the outer bands. ™ Check for development length O.87/, 6 _ 0.87% 415x16 0 Tg 1522 mm Available length in shorter direction, beyond column face . 1500300 = 750 mm <752.2 mm Provide 90 degree bend at the free end of the reinforcement, as per IS provisions, anchorage value of 90° bend = 89 = 128 mm. Hence, total anchorage length = 750 + 128 = 878 mm > 752.2 mm, . O.K.Floor to floor height = 3. ; ‘As there will be two lights, each Might will have a height of 350 2 Assuming height of risers as 150 mm as itis a public building, 17m 50 “ Number fvisers = 4S =1.66s0y12 Numberoftreads required = Number of risers~1=12—1=11 Let width ofeach tread = 300 mm Total going = 300 x 11 = 3300 mm = 3.30 m Total length available = 6.0m 00-3. Width ofeach landing = Soo = 1.95 m=1350 mm: poe ney 20 2 | ae 2010 ft9h2 fs |r| sahis 7 ke Lt 1380 3200 wo Fig. 19:10, Design of stair case a Effectivespan of fight = Centre to centre distance of walls = 600+ 228, 023 6.23 m=6230mm ‘ . 1 a Thickness of waist slab = 35 of span approx.) le 6.23 = 0 *1000 = 311.56 mm [305 mm Let ustaked = 300mm and D=325 mm. Fig. 18.11.el Gi i slab in plan (per m width of night) at 580 cole [ee al 25 = = 9.1 kN/m oe sggnt ofsteps (per mn width ae 26RD 2 or 016% 0.90 | 95 = 1.875 kNim 0.30 ‘Total dead load = 9.1 + 1.875 = 10.975 kN/m Live load = 5 kN/m? = 5 kN/m per m width of stair case Total DL + LL = w = 10.975 +5 = 15.975 kN/m say 16 kN/m Factored load, w,, = 16 x 1.5 = 24 kN/m pe tnding DL = 0.325 x 25 * 1.0 = 8.125 kN/m LL x 5.0 kN/m? = 5,0 kN/m per m width of landing Total, DL + LL = 13.125 kN/m Factored load = 1,5 x 13.125 kN/m = 19.70 kN/m pod diagram of the stairs shall be as follows : dx “3 Fig. 13.12, 4 Design moment _ (219.70 x 1.465) + (24 x 3.30) 2 =68.5kN Reaction at supports, Ry (ss: 5x $23). [:970x 1.465 (2583820) -(24 282 am) BM at mid span, M, M, = 112kNmatone — ve . petesat ofthe ellowing id least ald entre spacing =2.5 + 023 = 2.73 m ht eee ‘peffective depth = 2.5 + 0.1=2.6m year 2 eee gad (it,) factored moment (M,) and shear force (V,) ‘ . ‘wath of Stab Ld prt ofslab = 0.12 x 1 x 25 = 9,0 kN/m? (Unit weight of R.C.C. = 25 kN/m"] Liveload = 5 kN/im* Total load = w =5+3=8.0kN/m™ Design load =w, = wx 1.5=8x 1.5 [Load factor = 1.5] 12 KN/m? gelf weisl w, 22.67 Factored moment 7 M, = 10.14 kNm or 10.14 x 10° Nmm w,-L 12x25 Factored shear force = yw = = 15 KN or 15000.N [where L is the clear span] ppifecive depth required Xu max =e = 0.48 [For Fe 415 steel, Table 5.2] Xumax 2X4 mae R, = 036/47 (1-22se) 0.96 x 20 x 0.48 (1 ~ 0.42 x 0.48) 2.76 6 = 1000mm fae - | = 60 mm < 100 mm hence O.K. = 376 x 1000 ‘Adopt D = 120 mm and d = 100mm > dy, Hence the section is under-reinforced, "Area of tension steel (A,)) Auly M, = 08T/, Anat - aut) Ay x15 20 x 1000 x 100 1014x108 = 0.87x415x Ay *100 10.14 x 10° = 361054,,-749A5,