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STRENGTH AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NANO FLY ASH CONCRETE

Article · June 2016

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 M.Sivaraja et al., International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945

Research Paper
STRENGTH AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NANO FLY
ASH CONCRETE
M.Harihanandh1, M.Sivaraja2*

Address for Correspondence

1
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Erode Builder Educational trust Group of Institutions,
Kangayam
2
Professor in Civil Engineering and Principal, N.S.N. College of Engineering & Technology Karur. India.
ABSTRACT
Concrete is the universally accepted material to construct the unswerving structures. In order to make high strength, dense,
reduction of pores, the lot of research work is going on yet. In that silica has been invented to produce high performance
concrete. In this work, the waste which has developed from thermal and power plant industry known as fly ash has been
utilized to make the concrete. This fly ash has under gone in ball milling process, for the couple of hour to convert it’s from
micro to nano. The output from the ball milling process has confirms its size using SEM Analysis (confirmation of particle
size and its distribution). The concrete made with nano fly ash have been under gone the mechanical test properties such as
compressive strength test, split tensile test and modulus of rupture for the grade of M20. These test results are compared with
conventional, Raw flay ash and Nano silica concrete.
KEYWORDS: concrete, nano fly ash, mechanical properties.
INTRODUCTION high performance concrete. This 23% replacement
For the decades, in practice the fly ash is used as a has been found by number of trial and error process
partial replacement with cement in concrete. As a to achieve its higher strength with the help of
by-product of industrial process, utilization of fly ash compression test on cube. In other hand, the nano
has made some challenges in sustainable silica, has invented to solve the above purpose, but
construction. As the presence SiO2 and Al2O3 in the the cost makes this material becomes uneconomical
fly ash, during the hydration process, it leads to use at all places. The reduction in particle size
effectively to make denser concrete to produce higher gives some want improved strength while comparing
strength and durability. Mechanical properties are with conventional concrete (CC), raw fly ash
important criteria in the concrete structures. Since, concrete (RFAC). While sampling the SEM image
the basic requirements of concrete has fulfilled and the nano particles are penetrated and merged with
proven by these properties. The fly ash is the waste concrete constituents with very less pores on the
material found in thermal and power plant industries concrete. It proven that, the material becomes very
enormously. In order to reduce this fly ash dump, lot denser. The above tests were done with the concrete
of research work to be done. Portland Pozzolana grade of M20.
cement is the most appreciable invented material to MATERIALS USED
the effective usage of fly ash in cement. In the same The following materials were used to make concrete
way, the fly ash has been added in the form of Cement:
reduced (Nano) size, to fulfill two requirements such The cement of OPC of grade 53 has used to make the
as, concrete. It has the specific gravity of 3.15with the
 Pores less concrete to resist adverse fineness modulus value of 0.5%.
environment Fine aggregate:
 High performance concrete in order to give In this study, Cauvery river sand has been used as a
good durability fine aggregate. It has the specific gravity value of
J. Babu Rao has done the experiment to made to 2.72 with the fineness value of 3.2. It is graded under
modify the micro sized fly ash into nano structured the Zone III. And it has the value of 22.44% of water
fly ash using High Energy Ball, Ball milling was absorption.
carried out for the total duration of 30 hours and the Coarse Aggregate:
size has confirmed through SEM analysis and the Generally, aggregates occupy 70% to 80% of the
material composition had found by XRD test. Sri volume of concrete and have an important influence
Tudjono has done the tests over the mortar cube, with on its properties. Furthermore totals use as temperate
2.5% of addition of Nano fly ash and Nano lime with filler, total for the most part gives concrete better
cement to achieve the good compression strength dimensional security and wear resistance. Coarse
over the mortar cube. Similarly from Prince total adjacent quarry has been utilized for this study.
Arulraj.G, the nano technology gives sufficient The most extreme ostensible size of the coarse total
improvement in the construction industry to make is kept as 20mm. It has the particular gravity
denser concrete to ascertain good strength and estimation of 2.67 with the devastating and effect
performance over the life span of the structure. From estimation of 23.8% and 21%. What's more, it has the
his conclusion, the nano sized particles are most estimation of 0.02% of water ingestion.
active, the strength of concrete with nano materials Fly ash:
was found to be higher than that of Normal Cement Fly ash obtained from Metur Thermal Power station
Concrete while replacing with nano fly ash to the was used in this investigation. This fly ash is
coarse aggregate. classified as class F calcium fly ash. It has the
This paper deals with the concrete made with nano specific gravity value of 2.2.
fly ash (Class F) converted from micro to nano by EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM
ball milling process, and the concrete made up of This research paper consisting of the following
nano size fly ash (NFAC) used as admixture and experimental works are discussed.
replaced 23% with cement in order to produce the 1. Mix Design of Concrete

Int J Adv Engg Tech/Vol. VII/Issue II/April-June,2016/596-598

 M.Sivaraja et al., International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945

2. Mix outline can be characterized as the procedure The average compressive strength values after the 28
of selecting elements of cement and deciding their days curing of the different specimen were listed
relative extents with the object of creating cement below.
of certain base quality and strength as financially Table 1. Compressive Strength of Specimen
as could be expected under the circumstances. Types of Concrete Compressive
S.No
The blend configuration was done according to IS (M20 Grade) Strength in N/mm2
10262-2009 rule and last blend extent for M20 1 CC 25.76
evaluation of cement was acquired as 1:2:3 2 RFAC 27.38
3. Mechanical Properties of Concrete 3 NFAC 34.50
a) Compressive Strength Test
The solid shape examples were set in pressure testing
machine and the load is to be connected without stun
and expanded persistently at a rate of roughly 140
kg/cm2 per min until the resistance of the example to
the expanding load separates and no more
noteworthy burden can be limited. The most amazing
weight associated with the samples is to be recorded
and the nearness of the strong and any unusual
components in the sort of failure is noted.
Compressive Strength of the Cube = P / A
Where,
P = Maximum applied load to the specimen during the test Fig. 1. Compressive Strength of Specimen
A = The cross sectional area of the cube specimen. For the mix of M20 concrete, the CC produces the
The average value of the three test values is to be strength of 25.76 N/mm2 and the RFAC has lack of
taken as the representative of the corresponding mix. strength at its earlier stage after the 28 days curing it
b) Split Tensile Strength Test has the value of 6.288% increased in strength while
The chamber example is set on a level plane between adding a 23% of Raw fly ash in it.
the stacking surface of the pressure testing machine The Nano fly ash Concrete (NFAC), have the
and the load is connected until the failure of the compressive strength of 34.50 N/mm2. This strength
barrel, brought about along the vertical diameter. has the value of 34% improved from CC.
Slender pressing portions of appropriate materials, b) Split Tensile Strength Test
for example, plywood are set between the examples The average split tensile strength values after the 28
and stacking platens of the testing machine the days curing of the different specimen were listed
pressing strip is sufficiently delicate to permit below.
circulation of the load over a large contact region. At Table 2. Split Tensile Strength of Specimen
that point the load is connected until the failure of the Types of Concrete Split Tensile
S.No
chamber, along the vertical measurement. (M20 Grade) Strength in N/mm2
Split tensile strength = 2P/ πdl 1 CC 3.38
2 RFAC 3.47
Where,
3 NFAC 5.36
P = Compressive load on the cylinder
l = Length of the cylinder
d = Diameter of the cylinder
c) Flexural Strength Test:
The crystal is placed in all universal testing machine
and the load is to be associated without stagger until
the case falls level and the best weight associated
with the case in the midst of the test is to be recorded.
The nearness of the broke faces of the strong and any
astounding components in the sort of failure is to be
noted. The flexural nature of sample is to be
conveyed as the modulus of burst (fb), which is
comparable to the division between the lines of the
pliable side of the nearer backing, measured on the Fig. 2. Split Tensile Strength of Specimen
The split tensile strength of the CC specimen is 3.38
center line of the tractable side of the case in cm is to
be found out to the nearest 0.5 kg/cm2 as takes after. N/mm2, The RFAC specimen provides 2.660%
When a > 133 mm, fb= PL / bd2 improved strength as well as NFAC gives 58.57%
improved split tensile strength over the conventional
When a < 133 mm, fb= 3Pa / bd2
concrete (CC) specimen.
Where,
a = Distance measured in between crack and nearest c) Flexural Strength Test
support The average flexural strength test values after the 28
b = Width of the specimen in mm days curing of the different specimen were listed
d = Didth of the specimen in mm below.
L = Length in “mm” of the span on which the specimen Table 3. Flexural Strength of Specimen
was supported Types of Concrete Modulus of Rupture
P = Maximum load in “kg” applied to the specimen S.No
(M20 Grade) in N/mm2
If “a‟ is less than 110 mm for a 100X100X500 mm 1 CC 5.2
specimen, the results of the test to be discarded. 2 RFAC 5.19
Experimental Results & Discussion: 3 NFAC 6.92
a) Compressive Strength Test
Int J Adv Engg Tech/Vol. VII/Issue II/April-June,2016/596-598
 M.Sivaraja et al., International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology E-ISSN 0976-3945

CONCLUSION
 Through ball milling process, the size of the
fly ash has been converted in to Nano size.
This size confirmation has kept in Fig. 4.
 The percentage of replacement of the Nano
fly ash has the value of 23%. It gives higher
strength.
 The compressive strength test result, the
NFAC attain the strength of 34.50 N/mm2.
This is 34% more than the CC Specimen.
 The split tensile strength test result, the
NFAC attain the strength of 5.36 N/mm2.
Fig. 3. Flexural Strength of Specimen This is 58.57% more than the CC Specimen
The flexural strength of the CC specimen is 5.2  The flexural strength test result, the NFAC
N/mm2, The RFAC specimen provides similarity in attain the strength of 6.92 N/mm2. This is
strength and the NFAC gives 33.07% improved 33.07% more than the CC Specimen
flexural strength over the conventional concrete (CC)  These test results are shown that, the nano
specimen. fly ash particles are completely fill the pores
4. SEM Analysis Report. of the concrete and makes the concrete
The size confirmation and the particle distribution are much denser.
to found from this SEM image report. REFERENCES
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Fig. 6 Typical SEM image – Conventional Concrete

(CC)

Int J Adv Engg Tech/Vol. VII/Issue II/April-June,2016/596-598

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