net share student on 11.10.

1 Packet Tracer –
Design and Implement a VLSM
nslookup
Addressing Scheme (Instructions
net use Answer)

Explanation: The nslookup command can be used to

test DNS functionality.

2. Which two OSI model layers have the same

functionality as two layers of the TCP/IP model?
(Choose two.)

physical
data link
network
transport
session

Explanation: The OSI transport layer is functionally

equivalent to the TCP/IP transport layer, and the OSI
network layer is equivalent to the TCP/IP Internet layer.
The OSI data link and physical layers together are
equivalent to the TCP/IP network access layer. The
OSI session layer (with the presentation layer) is
included within the TCP/IP application layer.

3. What is one advantage of using the cut-through
switching method instead of the store-and-forward
switching method?

provides the flexibility to support any of Ethernet

speeds
has a lower latency appropriate for high-
performance computing applications
makes a fast forwarding decision based on the source
MAC address of the frame
has a positive impact on bandwidth by dropping most of
the invalid frames

Explanation: Cut-through switching provides lower

latency switching for high-performance computing
 (HPC) applications. Cut-through switching allows more
invalid frames to cross the network than store-and-
forward switching. The cut-through switching method
can make a forwarding decision as soon as it looks up
the destination MAC address of the frame.

4. Which solution improves web response time by

deploying multiple web servers and DNS servers?

memcaching
distributed databases
sharding
load balancing 

Explanation: Maintaining availability is the primary

concern for companies working with big data. Some
solutions to improve the availability include the
following:
Load Balancing – deploying multiple web servers and
DNS servers to respond to requests simultaneously
Distributed Databases – improving database access
speed and demands
Memcaching – offloading demand on database servers
by keeping frequently requested data available in
memory for fast access
Sharding – partitioning a large relational database
across multiple servers to improve search speed
5. What will a host on an Ethernet network do if it
receives a frame with a unicast destination MAC
address that does not match its own MAC address?

It will remove the frame from the media.

It will forward the frame to the next host.
It will strip off the data-link frame to check the
destination IP address.
It will discard the frame.

Explanation: In an Ethernet network, each NIC in the

network checks every arriving frame to see if the
destination MAC address in the frame matches its own
MAC address. If there is no match, the device discards
the frame. If there is a match, the NIC passes the
frame up to the next OSI layer.

6. What is the common term given to SNMP log

messages that are generated by network devices and
sent to the SNMP server?

auditing
warnings
acknowledgments
traps


Explanation: Network devices being monitored by the

SNMP protocol can be configured to generate log
messages that are sent to an SNMP server. The log
messages, also called traps, contain all type of
information from simple status reports to complex
urgent conditions that require immediate attention.

7. What is the function of the Nslookup utility?

to manually force a client to send a DHCP request

to display all cached DNS entries on a host
to view the network settings on a host
to manually query the name servers to resolve a
given host name
 Explanation: Nslookup is a command-line utility that is
used to send a query to DNS servers to resolve a
specific host name to an IP address.

8. What type of address is 01-00-5E-0A-00-02?

an address that reaches every host in the network

an address that reaches every host inside a local
subnet
an address that reaches a specific group of hosts
an address that reaches one specific host

Explanation: The multicast MAC address is a special

value that begins with 01-00-5E in hexadecimal. It
allows a source device to send a packet to a group of
devices.


9. Refer to the exhibit. The PC is sending a packet to the
Server on the remote network. Router R1 is performing
NAT overload. From the perspective of the PC, match
the NAT address type with the correct IP address. (Not
all options are used.)
 Explanation: The inside local address is the private IP
address of the source or the PC in this instance. The
inside global address is the translated address of the
source or the address as seen by the outside device. 
Since the PC is using the outside address of the R1
router, the inside global address is 192.0.2.1. The
outside addressing is simply the address of the server
or 203.0.113.5.

10. Match the OSI layer to the layer number. (Not all
options are used.)
 

11. A high school in New York (school A) is using

videoconferencing technology to establish student
interactions with another high school (school B) in
Russia. The videoconferencing is conducted between
two end devices through the Internet. The network
administrator of school A configures the end device
with the IP address 209.165.201.10. The administrator
sends a request for the IP address for the end device in
school B and the response is 192.168.25.10. Neither
school is using a VPN. The administrator knows
immediately that this IP will not work. Why?
 This is a link-local address.
This is a private IP address.
There is an IP address conflict.
This is a loopback address.

Explanation: The IP address 192.168.25.10 is an IPv4

private address. This address will not be routed over
the Internet, so school A will not be able to reach
school B. Because the address is a private one, it can
be used freely on an internal network. As long as no
two devices on the internal network are assigned the
same private IP, there is no IP conflict issue. Devices
that are assigned a private IP will need to use NAT in
order to communicate over the Internet.

12. Refer to the exhibit. An organization is using static

NAT to translate the private IP address of Host A to a
single public IP address leased from the ISP. Which
address is the inside global address of Host A?

209.165.202.129
203.0.113.2
192.168.2.253
192.168.1.1
 192.168.1. 10

Explanation: There are four NAT address types. Listed

below are the four types from the perspective of Host A
behind the NAT device:
Inside local: 192.168.1.10
Inside global: 209.165.202.128
Outside local: 10.0.0.253
Outside global: 203.0.113.2

13. Consider the following routing table entry for R1:

D 10.1.1.0/24 [90/2170112] via 209.165.200.226,

What is the significance of the Serial0/0/0?

It is the interface on the final destination router that is

directly connected to the 10.1.1.0/24 network.
It is the R1 interface through which the EIGRP update
was learned.
It is the interface on the next-hop router when the
destination IP address the 10.1.1.0/24 network.
It is the interface on R1 used to send data that is
destined for 10.1.1.0/24. 

Explanation: The Serial0/0/0 indicates the outgoing

interface on R1 that is used to send packets for the
10.1.1.0/24 destination network.

14. A device has an IPV6 address listed as

2001:0DB8:75a3:0214:0607:1234:aa10:ba01. What is the
interface ID of the device?
 2001:0DB8:75a3
ba01
0607:1234:aa10:ba01
2001:0DB8

Explanation: An IPv6 address comprises 128 bits

represented as eight blocks of four hexadecimal digits.
The last four blocks of the address represent the
interface ID and is controlled by the administrator.

15. In what two situations would UDP be the preferred

transport protocol over TCP? (Choose two.)

when applications need to guarantee that a packet

arrives intact, in sequence, and unduplicated
when a faster delivery mechanism is needed
when delivery overhead is not an issue
when applications do not need to guarantee
delivery of the data
when destination port numbers are dynamic

Explanation: UDP is a stateless protocol, which

means that neither device on either end of the
conversation must keep track of the conversation. As a
stateless protocol, UDP is used as the Layer 4 protocol

for applications that need speedy (best-effort) delivery.
An example of such traffic is the transport of digitized
voice or video.

16. Refer to the exhibit. A computer that is configured

with the IPv4 address as shown in the exhibit is unable
to access the internet. What is the problem?​
 The gateway address is in the wrong subnet.
The IP address is a network address.
The settings were not validated.
The IP address is a broadcast address.

Explanation: The subnet mask of 255.255.255.224

identifies the network of 192.168.44.128. The usable

range for the network is 192.168.44.129 through
192.168.44.158. The default gateway address of
192.168.44.161 exists on a separate network from the
PC it is configured on.

17. Match the Layer 2 frame field names to the correctly

ordered locations for an Ethernet frame. Fields should
be ordered from the beginning of the Ethernet frame to
the end.
 
Explanation: The Ethernet frame contains seven
fields. In order these fields are: preamble, SFD,
destination address, source address, type, data, and
FCS.

18. What IPv4-related DNS record type is used by a DNS

server in response to a host requesting for a web server
address via the URL?

AAAA record
NS record
A record
MX record
 Explanation: A DNS server uses an A record type for
an IPv4 end device address. The AAAA record is for an
IPv6 end device address. The MX record is used to
map the domain name to mail exchange servers. The
NS record indicates the authoritative name server.

19. In what two situations would UDP be better than

TCP as the preferred transport protocol? (Choose two.)

when applications need to guarantee that a packet

arrives intact, in sequence, and unduplicated
when a faster delivery mechanism is needed
when delivery overhead is not an issue
when applications do not need to guarantee
delivery of the data
when destination port numbers are dynamic

Explanation: UDP is a very simple transport layer 

protocol that does not guarantee delivery. Devices on
both ends of the conversation are not required to keep
track of the conversation. UDP is used as the transport
protocol for applications that need a speedy, best-effort
delivery.

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