Lesson 1 Measurement
Lesson 1 Measurement
2
Teacher: Mechelle D. Songyo
MATHEMATICS 7
Quarter 2
Lesson
Measurement
1
Introduction
Measurement is an indispensable process in many aspects of daily life. We describe the sizes,
capacities and values of many things, from the large distances involved in space travel, to the
very small quantities in computer design. Almost everything you use every day is measured –
from the clothes you wear and gadgets you use, to the food you eat. Building materials and
machine parts must have precise measurements so that these will fit perfectly as intended.
Shoes have sizes so you will know which pair to choose. In our highly globalized world,
measurement is vital in communication. In the sciences, earthquake magnitude is measured in
terms of the Richter Scale, oven and room temperatures are measured with a thermometer and
water hardness is measured in terms of mineral content. Can you imagine what the world would
be like without a system of measurement?
“Faith is a sounder guide than reason. Reason can only go so far, but faith has no limits.”
- Blaise Pascal
Things to Remember
MEASUREMENT – is a process of making an inference out of
something by putting a possible end to its feature like length, weight,
or even volume.
PRAYER!
Dear students, don’t forget to pray before you start answering your module.
We come to you this very morning Lord. We would like to thank you for the
gift of new life. Fill our hearts and mind with the Holy Spirit to teach and guide us.
We ask for wisdom from above before we start answering our module because we
believe in your promise in James 1:5 “If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of
God, that giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him.
We ask all these things in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, Amen.
PRE- ASSESSMENT
Explore
lll
Reflecting on what you know about measurement is a good practice in expanding your
knowledge of measurement. Seriously look into what you know ad what you want to learn about
measurement so that you will be energized to learn more about measurement. Do the activity
below.
Find out what is the difference between the use of standard and non-standard units of
measurement in measuring object. You’ll be needing ruler, book and table. Follow the following
steps.
1. Using “ Dangkal” (from the thumb to the point finger stretched) as the unit of measures,
find the following:
a. Length and width of the table
b. Length and width of the book
2. Use your elbow to measure the same objects.
3. Using ruler, measure the same objects.
4. Write the results you obtained using the table below.
Dangkal Cubit
Ruler (in
Object Measured (thumb and point (from tip of the elbow
inches)
finger stretched) to the middle finger tip)
Length
Book
Width
Length
Table
width
One of the earliest tools that human beings invented was the unit of Measurement.
Measurement is a process of making an inference out of something by putting a possible end
to its feature like length, weight, or even volume. Measurements are classified into two;
Nonstandard units of measurements and Standard units of measurements. Nonstandard
units of measurements like digit, hand, hand span, foot, cubit, and pace were some body
parts used as tools by the ancient Greek and Roman civilization in measuring objects. This type
of measurement is not standard since the size of the human body varies from person to person.
Other unit of measurement is the standard units of measurements. These units are also
classified into two types; English system like inch, foot and yard; and Metric system like
meter, centimeter and kilometer.
Measurement is very important in our daily lives. We need to answer questions that
begin with how long, how far, how much, and so on. All these questions require some kind of
measurement before they can be answered. Also, the unit of measure used depends on the
quantity or item to be measured. Just like when you buy gasoline by liter, mangoes by
kilograms, and ice cream by gallon. You get the distance between two buildings in meters and
that between two cities or towns in kilometers.
HISTORY OF MEASUREMENT
One of the earliest tools that human beings invented was the unit of measurement. In
olden times, people needed measurement to determine how long or wide things are; things they
needed to build their houses or make their clothes. Later, units of measurement were used in
trade and commerce. In the 3rd century BC Egypt, people used their body parts to determine
measurements of things; the same body parts that you used to measure the assigned things to
you. The forearm length, as described in the table below, was called a cubit. The hand span
was considered a half cubit while the palm was considered 1/6 of a cubit. Go ahead, check out
how many hand span your forearm length is. The Egyptians came up with these units to be
more accurate in measuring different lengths. However, using these units of measurement had
a disadvantage. Not everyone had the same forearm length. Discrepancies arose when the
people started comparing their measurements to one another because measurements of the
same thing differed, depending on who was measuring it. Because of this, these units of
measurement are called non-standard units of measurement which later on evolved into what is
now the inch, foot and yard, basic units of length in the English system of measurement.
The average length of a The width of a micro SD card The thickness of a needle is
window is about 1 meter. is about 1 centimeter. about 1 millimeter.
Observe the objects above. Notice that the unit of measurements used in measuring
depends on the size of the object.
Meter (m) is the basic unit of length. It is derived from the Greek word metron which
means “a measure”. It is initially defined as one ten – millionth of the distance from the equator
Millimeter, centimeter, and decimeter are metric units used to measure short lengths
while meter and kilometer are metric units used to measure long lengths and distances.
Presidential Decree No. 187 prescribed the use of Metric System in the Philippines as
standards of weights and measure to avoid confusions and waste of time in computation.
Example:
1. Convert 3 km to m:
1000 m
3 km × =3 000 m
1 km
2. Convert 10 mm to m:
1m 1
10 mm × = ∨0.01 m
1 000 mm 100
As you can see in the examples above, any length or distance may be measured using
the appropriate English or Metric units. In the question about the Filipina girl whose height was
expressed in meters, her height can be converted to the more familiar feet and inches. So, in
the Philippines where the official system of measurements is the Metric System yet the English
System continues to be used, or as long as we have relatives and friends residing in the United
States, knowing how to convert from the English System to the Metric System (or vice versa)
would be useful. The following are common conversion factors for length:
Here are some conversion of units from English System to Metric Sytem:
1 inch = 2.54 cm 1 mile = 1.609 km
1 yard = 0.9144 m 3.3 feet = 1 m
Example:
1. Convert 20 inches to cm:
Since both these units are used in Philippine society, knowing how to convert from pound to
kilogram or vice versa is important. Here are some of the unit conversion.
1 kg = 2.2 lb 1 U. S. short ton = 0.9 metric ton 1 pound = 0.45 kg
1 gram = 0.035 oz. 1 metric ton = 1.1 U.S. short ton (T) 1 oz. = 28 gram
Example:
1. Convert 0.24 kL to L
1000 L
0.24 kL× =240 L
1 kL
2. Convert 414 600 mL to daL
1L 1dal 414 600 ×1× 1 414 600
414 600 mL × × = = =42.46 daL
1000 mL 10 L 1000 ×10 10000
2. Convert 95°F to ℃
5
℃= (℉ −32)
9
3. Convert 14 ℉ to K.
5
℃= (℉ −32)
9
K=℃ +273.15
Since there is no conversion from ℉ to K, you will convert first °F to ℃ to K.
°F to ℃
5
℃= (℉ −32)
9
5
℃= (14−32)
9
5
℃= (−18)
9
℃=−10∨−10 ℃
℃ to K
K=℃ +273.15
K=−10+273.15
K = 263.15°
Therefore, 14 ℉ = 263.15°
MEASURE IN TIME
END OF FIRM-UP:
Now that you know the important ideas about the topic, go deeper by moving to
the next section.
Deepen
1.
Your goal in this section is to take closer at some aspects of the topic.
Have you ever wondered how carpenters build houses? Or how your mother measures
every ingredient of her recipe? Have you ever thought of how long have you been playing or
how hot or cold is it going today? Have you ever experienced having trouble or problem in
measuring something? A word problem is a situation that can be answered using one or more
operations. It may require you to make comparisons, form conclusions, or provide answers
supported by mathematical calculations.
Take a look at this example:
1. One morning in our school lobby I overheard my classmates, Quincy and Gail, having an
argument on who lives farther from the school. “My house is 3000 meters away from
school”, Said Quincy. “I live farther, my house is 3 kilometers away from school”, Cassie
answered. If Quincy’s house is 3000 meters away from school and Gail’s is 3
kilometers, then who lives farther from the school?
Given:
3000 meter – Quincy’s house from school
3 kilometers – Gail’s house from school
Solution:
Convert kilometer to meters. Solve the distance of Gail’s house from the school.
3. Peter drinks 2 chocolate drinks. One is 250 mL and the other is 180 mL. How many liters
(L) of chocolate drinks did Peter drink in all?
Given:
250 mL chocolate drink
180 mL chocolate drink
Solution:
Add first,
250 mL + 180 m L = 430 ml
Then convert,
1l 430 L
430 mL × = =0.43 L
1000 mL 1000 mL
Therefore, Peter drinks 0.43 liters of chocolate drink in all.
4. The temperature in Baguio City is 15℃. What is the equivalent temperature in ℉?
Given: 15℃
9
Solution: ℉= ℃+3
5
9
℉= (15)+32
5
℉=27 +32
℉=59∨59 ℉
Therefore, Baguio’s temperature is 59 ℉ .
5. Jane will take 1 hour and 15 minutes to finish taking a bath. How long will it take Jane to
take a bath in seconds?
Your goal in this section is to apply what you have learned in real-life situation.
Post- Assessment
ANSWER KEY
Pre – Assessment
1. B 6. C
2. D 7. C
3. A 8. B
4. A 9. C
5. B 10. D
BOOKS
Oronce, O.A. and Mendoza, M.O. (2018). E-MATH: Worktext in Mathematics 7.
Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc.
Jambre, E.G. (1993). Catching on Math. San Mateo, Rizal, Philippines: Vicente
Publishing House.
Bennett, J.M. (2007). Mathematics: Course 3. Austin, Texas: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Nivera, G.C. (2007). Elementary Algebra: Pattern and Practicalities. Makati City, Philippines.
SalesianaBooks by Don Bosco Press, Inc.
Orines, F.B. (2007). Elementary Algebra. Quezon City, Phil. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
MODULES
Private Education Assistance Committee Module Repository, 2016. Module in
Mathematics 7
WEBSITES
https://www.smallgroups.com/articles/2012/why-small-groups.html