Reverse Vendo for Aluminum Cans and Plastic Bottles Segregator with

Reward Points Using Android Application

A Capstone Design Proposal

Presented to the Faculty of the
Computer Engineering
Program STI College Fairview

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering

Jericho C. Garcia
Edghis Mar S. Tibang
Christian S. Tabudlong
John Vincent D. Sebuguero

November 2023
 ENDORSEMENT FORM FOR PROPOSAL DEFENSE

TITLE OF RESEARCH: Reverse Vendo for Aluminum Cans and Plastic

Bottles Segregator with Reward Points Using
Android Application

NAME OF PROPONENTS: Jericho C. Garcia

Edghis Mar S. Tibang
Christian S. Tabudlong
John Vincent D. Sebuguero

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements

for the degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering
has been examined and is recommended for Proposal Defense.

ENDORSED BY:

Reynaldo G. Paguntalan Jr.

Capstone Design Adviser

APPROVED FOR PROPOSAL DEFENSE:

Christina T. Aseoche
Capstone Design Coordinator

NOTED BY:

Leodigario R. Bongco
Program Head

November 2023
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Title Page i
Endorsement Form for Proposal Defense ii
Approval Sheet iii
Table of Contents iv
Introduction 3
Background of the problem
Overview of the current state of technology
Objectives of the study
Scope and limitations of the study
Literature Review
Review of related literature, studies or systems
Synthesis
Methodology
Methodology
Hardware/Software
Calendar of Activities
Budgetary Estimate
Human Resources
References
 ABSTRACT

Title of Research: Reverse for Aluminum Cans and Plastic Bottles Segregator
with Reward Points Using Android Application

Proponents: Jericho C. Garcia

Edghis Mar S. Tibang

Christian S. Tabudlong

John Vincent D. Sebuguero

Degree: Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering

Date of Completion: On-Going

Key Words: Embedded Systems and Microelectronics

Recycling is important for several reasons, and it plays a significant role in

environmental conservation and sustainability. Being able to consume a certain product
such as the drinks inside an aluminum can and plastic bottle while preserving the can and
bottle itself, is quite favorable for us, as the proponents are preserving the item and
making it a new one, while earning money by selling it to a retail outlet similar to a thrift
stores
which sells mostly used goods at cheap prices or what the people called “Junk shop”.
Junk shop is the official “go-to-place” whenever a person wants to provide his/her
(mostly) used items in exchange for some cash. Nonetheless, in this era of relentless
technological advancement and evolving consumer behaviors, a shift in the dynamics of
recycling has become evident. The traditional visit to a local junk shop, once a
widespread method for exchanging used items for cash, is on the wane. The reasons
behind this method are multifaceted, ranging from shifting consumer preferences to the
convenience of online transactions and digital platforms. As the proponents embark on a
journey into this evolving landscape, it is imperative that the proponents adapt to the
changing tide. The sales volume of junk shops has experienced a discernible decline over
the past few years. To ensure the continued vitality of recycling practices and to
harmonize with tech-savvy populace, most of the people must embrace technological
innovations. The integration of digital platforms, mobile applications, and online
marketplaces is crucial in ensuring that recycling remains accessible, convenient, and
appealing to individuals and businesses alike. In conclusion, recycling is not a static
practice but a dynamic and evolving endeavor that stands at the intersection of
environmental stewardship, economic benefit, and technological progress. To maximize
the benefits of recycling while minimizing its challenges, people must adapt, evolve, and
embrace new approaches that resonate with the changing times, keeping our commitment
to sustainability and environmental preservation firmly intact.
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION

The history of junk shops is intertwined with the broader history of recycling, reusing,
and repurposing discarded items. Junk shops, also known as secondhand stores, thrift
shops, or pawn shops, have been around for centuries, serving various purposes and
evolving over time. Since then, the concept of reusing and repurposing items is not a new
one. In ancient civilizations, people often repaired or repurposed items to extend their
lifespan. Items like clothing, tools, and household goods were mended and reused
whenever possible. Junk shops and thrift stores continued to evolve throughout the 20th
century. It became popular not only for those in need but also for bargain hunters and
eco-conscious consumers interested in sustainable shopping.

According to Nick McCulloch, Director of Sustainability, aluminum cans and plastic

bottles are one of the most waste materials in today’s era. Recycling these materials will
have a significant impact on our environment as implementing an efficient recycling
program can significantly reduce the environmental impact of waste disposal while
simultaneously conserving valuable resources. Adhering to proper recycling practices not
only promotes environmental sustainability but also contributes to the responsible
management of resources within a circular economy framework.

The proponents integrated recycling practices with modern technology to enhance public
engagement in the project. Incentivizing participation through financial rewards, coupled
with concurrent recycling efforts, serves as a proactive approach to addressing the
pervasive issue of environmental waste and resource conservation (This issue represents
one of the prevalent challenges currently confronting our society).

Delivering community-focused solutions and fulfilling individuals' needs through active

engagement in responsible recycling practices can contribute to an improved quality of
life for all, fostering a sense of contentment and well-being.
Background of the problem

The proliferation of plastic and aluminum cans pollution has become an increasingly
pressing concern in recent times. In response to this escalating issue, a comprehensive
survey was conducted by the proponents, encompassing a sample of 100 individuals from
the STI College Fairview community. Participants were asked to evaluate the severity of
pollution in their vicinity on a scale from 1 (minimal) to 5 (severe). The results were both
concerning and revealing, with 46% of respondents rating their area as a 3, 20%
assigning a rating of 4, and a striking 14% indicating the highest level of pollution by
assigning a rating of 5 to the presence of plastic and aluminum can waste.

Furthermore, given the specific focus on STI College Fairview in this proposal endeavor,
the team sought to ascertain the level of satisfaction among respondents regarding the
recycling initiatives within the institution. The outcomes were disconcerting, with 43%
expressing neutrality and an additional 6% registering dissatisfaction. The overarching
objective as proponents of this proposal is to cultivate strong satisfaction among
respondents in relation to the recycling initiatives implemented at STI College Fairview.
Consequently, it is the team’s aspiration that students, faculty members, and all
individuals associated with our esteemed institution will actively engage with the
innovative solution developed by the proponents, namely the "reverse vendo for
aluminum cans and plastic bottles segregator with reward points using an Android
application."

The proponents also introduced the key attributes of this machine to the respondents,
including its capacity to convert recyclables into monetary value, the establishment of a
point system accessible through an Android application, its role in fostering community
responsibility, and its automated segregation of plastic and aluminum cans. The responses
from the participants were overwhelmingly positive, with 63% expressing a strong
inclination towards the first suggestion, 50% favoring the second, 77% indicating high
approval for the third, and an impressive 84% strongly supporting the fourth suggestion.

Finally, the study delved into the opinions of respondents regarding the community issues
the respondents believed could be alleviated by the introduction of a machine with the
aforementioned attributes. The feedback highlighted several critical concerns, including

the mitigation of land and water pollution, improved waste segregation for a cleaner
environment, the prevention of clogged canals and flooding, the enhancement of
community aesthetics, more efficient garbage segregation, and economic benefits for
those residing near waste sites. Additionally, the response indicating that such a project
could assist individuals in challenging economic circumstances, such as beggars, was
particularly noteworthy, as it underscores the broader social impact of this initiative.

Overview of the current state of the technology

The technology pursued by the proponent is not unique or unusual. Instead of trying to
invent something new, the most important step in this proposal is adapting and combining
different types of appliances to create a more convenient type of appliance or machine.

TOMRA

TOMRA is a well-known company that specializes in the development and

manufacturing of reverse vending machines. These machines are used for the collection
and recycling of beverage containers, such as bottles and cans. They offer an effective
way to increase recycling rates, reduce litter, and contribute to a more sustainable and
eco-friendly future. These machines have been widely adopted in regions with deposit
return systems and other recycling initiatives.

The proposed project will adapt the capability to encourage people to recycle by
inventing a Vendo machine. The proponents did take ideas and improvements on
TOMRA’s homemade prototype vending machine, able to modernize the traditional way
of recycling. By simply combining different types of sensors and microcontrollers, the
goal is to provide an automated method of collecting, sorting, and managing the return
of used beverage containers for recycling.

SM Eco Vendo

SM Eco Vendo is the first of its kind in the private sector and introduced by SM as part of

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its Environmental Programs on Solid Waste Management. SM mall goers can enjoy
special discounts in exchange for their plastic bottles and aluminum cans special
recycling booths in two of the biggest SM malls in the country, provide mall-goers with a
fun and convenient way of disposing of their recyclable plastic bottles and aluminum
cans. The machine will then print a voucher that the customer can use to redeem their
discount. Customers can use one discount per transaction, and it must be claimed within
60 days.

The established machine called Eco Vendo, will accept plastic bottles and aluminum
cans in exchange for discount coupons for Skating and Bowling in SM Malls in the
Philippines. The proponents adapt the project Eco Vendo which has capability to convert
solid waste materials into vouchers that can be used in SM Stores. The proponents adapt
this technology and use points in exchange for money. Points are stored through
recycling plastic bottles and aluminum cans using an Android application that can
convert digital points into real money using a reverse vending machine.

iRecycle

The iRecycle is an application that helps you find accessible recycling venues in your
area, and suggests a million different ways to recycle materials. It has one of the largest
recycling databases in the world. It has a well-designed search directory that allows users
to look up products of all types, from automotive to household items, and provides
relevant information regarding the drop-off point such as location address, phone
number, and opening hours. Through this innovation, the proponents decided to enhance
existing vendo machines by making Android applications that are able to store points that
convert those points into real money for students.

The proponents adapt the innovation of this application project capability to help people
to recycle and identify trash bin locations. Creating a new application motivated by
IRecycle, an android application that is related to recycling plastic bottles and aluminum
cans. When recycling, the user will be able to attain the points accumulated and convert
into real money using the Reverse Vendo Machine.

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Objectives of the study

Referring to the background of the study which has been stated from the previous topics,
there are numerous problems in the recycling community that need to be addressed.
Being able to have a resolution to these problems will basically make our lives much
easier and lively. Using the combination of the power of technology and the proponent’s
knowledge about the engagement of the people to encourage them to put aluminum cans
and plastic in the right place, the primary objective of this study is to address the pressing
concerns related to the proliferation of plastic and aluminum cans pollution within STI
College Fairview community. In response to the alarming survey results and the
disconcerting level of satisfaction regarding recycling initiatives, the proponents aim to
achieve the following objectives:

General Objectives:
● To address critical community issues through the proposed initiative

Efforts to promote recycling and responsible disposal offer a multifaceted

approach to environmental enhancement. By increasing recycling rates, the
proponents can significantly alleviate land and water pollution, stemming from
the reduced need for resource extraction and the lesser disposal of waste
materials. Furthermore, it plays a pivotal role in improving waste segregation,
thereby contributing to a cleaner and healthier environment. The reduction in the
flow of plastic and aluminum cans, a consequence of recycling, helps prevent
clogged canals and potential flooding, safeguarding communities from water-
related disasters. Additionally, recycling initiatives have a transformative effect
on community aesthetics by diminishing the prevalence of visible waste, thereby
promoting an overall cleaner and more pleasant environment. These efforts also
serve to facilitate more efficient garbage segregation, which is essential for
enhanced waste management. Moreover, recycling generates economic benefits,
particularly for individuals residing in close proximity to waste sites, as it creates
opportunities for income generation and livelihood improvement. These holistic
endeavors toward recycling underscore its comprehensive impact on the
environment, society, and the economy.

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Specific Objectives:

● To create a user-friendly and efficient Android application

This interfaces with a Reverse Vendo machine for the collection and segregation
of aluminum cans and plastic bottles as well as implementing a reward points
system within the Android application. It all starts with signing up and logging in
to the application. Once done, they should also log in to the machine as well so
that the points will reflect directly to their account. After the process of
segregation, the accumulated points will then be converted into money which
encourages users to participate in recycling activities and promotes sustainable
behavior.

● To assess the usability and performance of the Reverse Vendo system

Considering factors such as providing the equivalent points of the aluminum cans
and plastic bottles through the app or the machine itself once they put it in the
hole, log-in system, item counting, the capacity percentage of the bins,
segregation of the aluminum cans and plastic bottles, user engagement, and
overall system effectiveness.

● To create a strong segregation mechanism

To create a machine capable of efficiently sorting and storing collected aluminum

cans and plastic bottles, while also effectively identifying and categorizing the
types of trash inserted into the device. This innovative technology will contribute
to streamlining segregation processes and promoting environmentally
responsible waste management practices.

● To provide a quality performance of the machine, particularly the level of

the waste

Measuring and displaying the storage capacity of the waste management system
will not only ensure the efficient and timely management of waste collection and
disposal resources but also enable users to monitor and optimize the system's
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 performance in real-time. By implementing advanced waste tracking and capacity
measurement, the proponents aim to enhance the overall effectiveness of waste
management, promoting a more sustainable and eco-conscious approach to
waste collection and disposal."

Scope and limitations of the study

Scopes of the study

User Interface Module

This module is where the interaction between a user and the software application takes

place. The proponents will be creating a software application wherein users can create an
account so that users should be able to access the pointing system of the application.
Furthermore, users can also have the ability to withdraw their points via g-cash from the
creators after clicking the button “request a payment”. After clicking the button, users
should put their numbers as well as their g-cash name. It will then reflect to the
proponent’s end, and that’s the time that the proponents should send the money to the
user. Note that the application will only be available for Android versions.

Screen Display Module

The function of this module is to display the equivalent points of the recyclable materials
deposited on the machine and the option to dispense the coins right away or store it on the
Android application. The module consists of a Thin-Film Transistor LCD for the
displaying of information and data on the machine. Furthermore, the machine will also
have a “default mode” wherein people do not need to have an account to put their bottles
or cans to receive money, the user can just click the default mode but it should not be able
to save their points as the people must process it on the spot. The screen display includes
the percentage of the waste and it also has a specific button for “dispense” wherein the
users can get the money after putting in their aluminum cans/plastic bottles.

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8
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Waste Segregation Module

This function works to detect the types of trash that are placed on the machine. This
module consists of a capacitive proximity sensor for the detection of plastic bottles and
inductive proximity sensor for detecting aluminum cans. The machine will not accept the
trash that is placed if these sensors detect that the materials are not aluminum cans or
plastic bottles. Furthermore, the maximum size of the plastic bottle will only be 1.5L. If
other wastes are detected, it should directly go to the hole specifically for the return of
waste. For the movement of the bins opener, the proponents will use a servo motor.

Waste Level Module

This function focuses on monitoring the percentage of storage. This module will be using
an ultrasonic sensor for detecting the capacity of the machine, the sensor will be set to
detect the storage level and if it reaches 90% of the capacity, the capacity percentage will
be displayed on the display screen saying “storage is at critical level”. Furthermore, once
the storage reaches 100%, the buzzer will alarm.

Notification Module

This serves as an alert of the machine for the capacity of the storage. In this module, it
consists of a buzzer. The buzzer will be used for the sound alarm to notify users if the
machine is full. The machine will not be able to accept any aluminum cans and/or plastic
bottles from the users as the machine will return them through the return chute.

Limitations of the study

The overall function of the machine is to segregate the selected type of recyclable
materials, display the equivalent points of the materials that are accumulated and monitor
the capacity of the collected materials.

● The machine will not be able to detect an aluminum can or plastic bottle if it is
coated with wet or any kind of dirt.

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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

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LITERATURE REVIEW

Review of related literature, studies or systems

Recycling Behaviors and Engagement

(Karuppiah et al., 2018) In the context of consumer engagement in plastic

recycling, the smart-bin serves as a prime illustration of a thriving innovation. It achieves
consumer involvement by utilizing sensors (Internet of Things) to automatically separate
plastic waste. Subsequently, consumers receive real-time updates through a dedicated
app, informing them about the quantity of waste the people have contributed to the
recycling effort. In return for their participation, consumers earn reward points. Another
research study additionally demonstrated that residents’ willingness to engage in waste
management activities is positively affected by their attitude, subjective norm, and
perceived ability to control their behavior in this context. (Zhang et al., 2019)
Furthermore, the study pointed out that residents’ intentions to manage waste effectively
serve as a direct predictor of their actual waste management behavior. (Wang et al., 2018)
Reported that the presence of recycling facilities serves a clear incentive for individuals
to partake in recycling activities, bolstering their intention to do so, even if the people
may not fully be aware of the advantages of recycling. This suggests that by creating
facilitating conditions, households have the opportunity to initiate waste sorting and
recycling practices, which could potentially evolve into fixed habits through regulation.

Smart Waste Management Using Deep-learning and the Internet of Things

According to (Alsayaydeh et al., 2019) in the present era of highly advanced

technology and rapid population growth, the issue of waste has emerged as one of the
most severe environmental challenges in numerous countries. This problem primarily
stems from ineffective waste collection and management practices within these nations,
leading to inefficient handling of waste. Various sources generate waste, thereby posing a
significant risk of environmental pollution.

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 According to (White, Sheng et al., 2020) One of the prevailing methods for
addressing waste segregation challenge involves the implementation of smart self-sorting
waste bins, which exhibit the capability to classify individual objects against a clear
background one at a time. Typically, in cases where a single compartment is utilized, the
sensor is positioned at the upper container's top. Employing a deep learning (DL) model,
these smart bins undertake the task of categorizing the objects based on their images or
types, and subsequently, the corresponding piece of waste is directed to the appropriate
container, thus streamlining the waste sorting process. This approach represents a
noteworthy advancement in waste management technology, enhancing efficiency and
sustainability in handling different types of waste materials.

(Alqhtani et al., 2020) Introduced an IoT-Based Urban Waste Management

System that incorporates a Long Short-Term Recurrent Neutral Network optimized
through cuckoo search. In this system, IoT devices were developed to oversee human
activities, gathering urban data that was subsequently transmitted to the waste
management center for analysis. This analysis facilitated the identification of relevant
insights, enabling the center to undertake suitable actions in the realm of waste
management.

Applications Notification and Alerts

According to (Ling et al., 2020) The proponents use familiar terms like “Mobile
Alerts” or “ Push Notifications” but recognize that there are alternative labels such as
“Push Alerts” or “Push Messages”. These variations are part of a broader trend of
delivering brief news updates directly to mobile devices. (Ling et al., 2020)

According to (Wright, 2020) Mobile phone push notifications are a widespread

feature, frequently underestimated when it comes to a thorough assessment. These
notifications, by appearing on users' lock screens, offer convenience and significant
value to app users. As an illustration, Facebook users receive notifications when they are
tagged in a post,

II
and for app developers, push notifications serve as a direct channel for engaging with
users, enabling them to gently prompt app usage even when the app itself is not actively
in use.

Programs and Ways of Implementation of Waste Management in the Philippines

(Philippine Environment Management Bureau, 2022) The Department of

Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), with the Environmental Management
Bureau (EMB) taking the lead, is actively formulating strategies and Initiatives to execute
the provisions of Republic Act 11898, also known as the Extended Producer
Responsibility Act of 2022. This legislative act represents a pragmatic approach to
enhance the effectiveness of waste management practices by emphasizing waste
minimization, recovery, and recycling. It also underscores the advancement of eco-
friendly products that align with globally recognized principles of sustainable
consumption and production, the promotion of a circular economy, and the
comprehensive accountability of product manufacturers throughout the entire lifecycle of
their products.

(Go & Caelian, 2020) The study's findings indicate that the implementation of
the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (ESWMA) or Republic Act 9003 (RA
9003) provisions and the enforcement of prohibited acts in highly urbanized city
barangays are at a moderate level. Sub-urban barangays showed slightly better
implementation compared to urban ones, but both were still categorized as moderate.
Among the 16 provisions that barangays should enforce, nine received low ratings, while
the remaining provisions were considered moderate. Income-wise and low-income
barangays had higher ratings, while medium-income barangays received the lowest
ratings, with both categorized as moderate. High-income barangays also demonstrated a
moderate level of implementation of solid waste management. In terms of enforcing
prohibited acts, the overall level was generally moderate, indicating that these acts were
only occasionally enforced.

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Synthesis

Considering the information gathered above, the proponents claim that respondents
weren't satisfied with the standard recycling methods, which caused serious issues with
metal cans and plastic bottles. The proponents will obtain the necessary information on
how this Vendo machine will address the problem. The project includes different kinds of
new features. The reverse vending machine (RVM) is unique compared to traditional
vending machines because it operates in a reverse manner. The project is designed to
encourage recycling by facilitating the collection and recycling of used containers, such
as plastic bottles and aluminum cans. This is in contrast to traditional vending machines,
which provide products to consumers. RVMs help reduce litter, as they encourage people
to properly dispose of recyclables. This, in turn, can help control environmental pollution.
As technology evolves, RVMs continue to evolve as well. It can be integrated with
mobile apps, which is what the proponents need to do in the project. Existing vending
machines can be upgraded using an Android application.

The project has several effects on society, and most of them are positive in terms of
promoting environmental sustainability and responsible waste management. RVMs play a
significant role in encouraging recycling by providing a convenient and incentivized way
for individuals to return empty beverage containers, such as bottles and cans. This, in
turn, reduces the amount of recyclable materials ending up in landfills. Reverse Vending
machines are also very useful for students because the students will get extra money
when they accumulate points through vending machines.

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CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

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METHODOLOGY

The methodology is the general research approach that describes the way in which
research is to be done and, among other things, describes the methods to make use of it.
Define the methods or modes of data collection, as well as how a given outcome would
be measured in certain situations. The developers followed the procedure outlined
below.

Prototype model

According to an article titled “Prototype Model: A Definitive Guide” (2021), A prototype

model is a working prototype wherein all initial basic core functions of the said prototype
are accounted for. However, it is incomplete. Customer evaluations and the developers
can add or subtract functions depending on which works best for the final product
implementation. (For the Prototype Model’s Block Diagram, please refer to Appendix E)

Phase of prototype model:

An Iterative or Evolutionary prototype model is divided into six(6) phases:

● Requirements gathering and analysis

In this phase, the system’s primary features are stated and researched for
feasibility. The development requirements in terms of software and hardware are
also determined. During this phase, potential users are interviewed to gain insight
into whether the product is needed or not.

● Quick Design

After gathering all the needed requirements, an initial design is created in

accordance to the core functions of the machine as well as the rough description
of the user interface.

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 ● Building prototype

In this phase, the machine will be built in accordance to the initial designs and
analyses. This is where the working version of the machine will be showcased. It
should cover the core basic features of the machine.

● Initial user evaluation

This phase allows users to test the initial prototype of the machine for thorough
evaluation and constructive feedback. This also highlights the performance of the
machine as well as its possible vulnerabilities.

● Prototype refinement

In this phase, feedback from the users is collated and thoroughly considered for
the betterment of the final product. During this phase, the machine will be suited
according to the evaluation of the users. An additional feature or product
refinement might be implemented.

● Product Implementation and Maintenance.

After a number of iterations from user feedback. The version of the machine will
be finalized and showcased.

Hardware/Software

Hardware

● Thin Film Transistor LCD Display

A thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display is a variant of a liquid-crystal display

that uses thin-film-transistor technology to improve image qualities such as
addressability and contrast. It’s a 7-inch DWIN 800x480 TFT LCD display HMI
touch screen smart display CTPRTX apologize for UART port dmg80480. (For
the Thin Film Transistor LCD Display, please refer to Appendix C Image 7)

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● Wi-Fi Module (ESP32)

Wi-Fi modules are used for communications between devices and provide
wireless networking capabilities to devices that may not have built-in Wi-Fi
support. This enables these devices to connect to local Wi-Fi networks, the
internet, and other Wi-Fi-enabled devices. (For the Wi-Fi Module ESP32, please
refer to Appendix C Image 6)

● Capacitive Proximity Sensor

Sensing device designed to detect both metallic and non-metallic targets. It can
detect changes in capacitance between the sensor and an object. This feature is
useful in applications like liquid-level sensing, material detection, and presence
detection in manufacturing. (For the Capacitive Sensor, please refer to Appendix
C Image 1)

● Inductive Proximity Sensor

Sensors are used to detect the presence or absence of metallic objects within their
detection range. These sensors work on the principle of electromagnetic induction
and are commonly used in industrial and automation applications for tasks. (For
the Inductive Sensor, please refer to Appendix C Image 2)

● Ultrasonic Sensor

Ultrasonic level sensors are used to monitor the level of liquids or solids in
containers. Also used to measure the distance between the sensor and an object. It
works by emitting an ultrasonic pulse and measuring the time it takes for the pulse
to bounce back after reflecting off the object. (For the Ultrasonic Sensor, please
refer to Appendix C Image 3)

● Waste Level Indicator

The sensors are widely used in waste management systems to monitor the fill
levels of waste containers. By providing real-time data on how full a container is,

II
 waste management companies can optimize their collection schedules. (For the
Waste Level Indicator, please refer to Appendix C Image 8)

● Buzzer

An audio signaling device that may be mechanical, electromechanical, or

piezoelectric. It has 5 voltages to generate a sound from an incoming electric
signal. (For the Buzzer, please refer to Appendix C Image 4)

● Servo Motor
A servomotor is a rotary actuator or linear actuator that allows for precise
control of angular or linear position, velocity, and acceleration in a
mechanical system. It consists of a suitable motor coupled to a sensor for
position feedback. (For the Servo Motor, please refer to Appendix C
Image 13)

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 ● Arduino UNO

The Arduino UNO is an open-source microcontroller board based on the

ATmega328P microcontroller. It is one of the most popular and widely used
development boards in the Arduino platform. (For the Arduino UNO, please refer
to Appendix C Image 5)

● Power Supply

The proponents will use 220 AC and multiple DC power sources to energize the
sensor. The Power sources will use 12V, 5V and 3A, and another 5V. (For the
Power Supply, please refer to Appendix C Image 9)

Software

● Arduino IDE

Contains a text editor for writing code, a message is, and a text console. It
connects to Arduino UNO hardware to upload programs and communicate with
other components like sensors. (For the Arduino IDE, please refer to Appendix C
Image 11)

● Android Studio

Android Studio is the official integrated development environment for Google's

Android operating system, built on JetBrains' IntelliJ IDEA software and designed
specifically for Android development. (For the Android Studio, please refer to
Appendix C Image 12)

● Java Programming

Java is a high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language that is

designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible. Java is a
widely used programming language for coding web applications. It has been a
popular choice among developers for over two decades, with millions of Java
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applications in use today. (For the Java Programming, please refer to Appendix C
Image 13)

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Calendar of Activities

This document offers a detailed outline of the steps that the proponents must take to
finish this project. This also provides a description of the proponents' actions and their
goals. Below are the tasks and work that the proponents have finished. (For the Gannt
Chart Table, please refer to Appendix D)

● Requirements and Gathering analysis

The proponents were tasked with gathering information during this phase to demonstrate
that the specified topic is both practical and essential for resolving a societal issue. In
order to verify the existence of the aforementioned issue, surveys were performed. The
purpose of the survey is also to provide factual information so that the best possible
solution to the issue can be found. The proponents utilized articles to obtain data during
this phase since they were able to better understand the subject at hand and come up with
ideas that were superior to those provided by the aforementioned sources. This phase was
initially begun by the proponents in September 2023.

● Quick Design

This phase featured the development of the prototype's architectural design. Here, along
with the position of each module and component, a preliminary assessment of
measurements was made. On this, proponents have been working since October 2023.

● Building Prototype

In this phase, each module was constructed independently, fitted to the others, and
connected to the others for a seamless process transition. The typical user interface
should be completed along with each button's intended purpose. The machine's precise
step-by-step process is something else that the creators are expected to have. The end of
this phase was in February 2024.

● Initial user evaluation

The modules' effectiveness in providing the desired output was tested by the proponents.
Tests are carried out to ensure that the product's efficiency is upheld and to create the best
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possible environment for the products. This project was finished by the creators in
October 2024.

● Prototype Refinement

The proponents made a list of potential fixes for the prototype machine's flaws after
taking notes. To ensure that the machine has been operating in the desired state, the
design was refined, or the modules were adjusted during this phase. In addition to all of
that, the machine changes for better output are mandated by the professionals' helpful
feedback. In October 2024, the proponents began work on this phase.

● Product Implementation and Maintenance

After revisions of all possible adjustments for the betterment of the machine have been
done, the proponents then showcased the final version of the machine. The machine
should be working effectively, and safety concerns should be minimized to the bare
minimum. This phase was finished in November 2024.

Gantt Chart

A Gantt Chart is a graphical representation of tasks intended to chart a project's progress.

For the sake of documentation, all the requirements for the proposed project must be
written down. This guarantees that the project's proponents will continue to move
forward. Every change made to the project must be documented because the timetable it
creates also serves as a schedule for each phase's schedule. The proposed project is
scheduled to start in September 2023 and finish in November 2024. (For the Gannt Chart
Table, please refer to Appendix D)

II
Budgetary Estimate

The Reverse Vendo Machine for Aluminum Cans and Plastic Bottles Segregator with
Reward Points Using an Android Application project is being proposed and estimated to
be P17,620. The estimated cost of each item purchased to complete the project is
summed up in the budgetary estimate. This also includes the accumulated costs incurred
during the project's development, which may include transportation. (For the Budgetary
Estimated Table, please refer to Appendix D).

Human Resources

The proposed project consists of four proponents namely: Jericho Garcia, Christian
Tabudlong, John Vincent Sebuguero, and Edghis Mar Tibang, which aims to study and
create an innovative project that will solve a concurring problem. Each proponent
contributes unique perspectives that will help in the creation of an impartial and
thoroughly researched project. The proponents express their appreciation and gratitude to
the 100 students who participated in the survey at STI College Fairview. They spent time
answering the survey questions, which provided the proponents with information about
the proposed project. The proponents also appreciate greatly the guidance and
suggestions of the professors of STI College Fairview specifically: Ms. Christina T.
Aseoche, who shared their wisdom and experience to help the proponents in this
endeavor. (For the Curriculum Vitae, please refer to Appendix F)

II
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
REFERENCES
Yan, L., Cengiz, K., & Sharma, A. (2021). An improved image processing algorithm for automatic
defect inspection in TFT-LCD TCON. Nonlinear Engineering, 10(1), 293–303.
https://doi.org/10.1515/nleng-2021-0023
Ahammed, R. (2023). WI-FI MODULE. Real-Time System Design, 19.
https://ciir.in/doc/publication/Real%20Time%20System%20Design_978-81-962230-8-
3.pdf#page=22
McGee, T. (2018). Capacitive proximity sensors theory of operation - softnoze. softsnooze.com.
https://www.softnoze.com/downloads/Sensor%20Basics%203.pdf
Guo, Y., Lai, C., Shao, Z., Xu, K., & Li, T. (2019b). Differential structure of inductive proximity
sensor. Sensors, 19(9), 2210. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19092210
What is an Ultrasonic Sensor? | Sensor Basics: Introductory Guide to Sensors | KEYENCE. (2019).
https://www.keyence.com/ss/products/sensor/sensorbasics/ultrasonic/info/
Matan. (2023, October 26). Piezo Buzzers | How it works, Application & Advantages. Electricity -
Magnetism. https://www.electricity-magnetism.org/piezo-buzzers/#:~:text=Piezoelectric
%20Ceramic%20Disc%3A%20This%20is,by%20the%20vibrating%20ceramic%20disc.
Arduino uno rev3. (2023). Arduino Official Store. https://store.arduino.cc/products/arduino-uno-
rev3
Margaret Rouse (2017). Techopedia: What is a Power Supply?
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/1756/power-supply
Adnanaqeel. (2021, July 31). Introduction to Arduino IDE. The Engineering Projects.
https://www.theengineeringprojects.com/2018/10/introduction-to-arduino-ide.html
Patton, E. W., Tissenbaum, M. B., & Harunani, F. (2019). MIT App Inventor: Objectives, design,
and development. In Springer eBooks (pp. 31–49). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6528-7_3
Gilbert, J. (2023, March 30). What is Block Coding? CodeWizardsHQ.
https://www.codewizardshq.com/what-is-block-coding/
https://earth911.com/irecycle/ https://www.tomra.com/en/ https://www.peoplesdomain.net/sm-
eco-vendo/
APPENDIX B
SURVEY
QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Do you properly put your plastic and/or aluminum cans in the right bin?
• Yes

• No

• Sometimes
2. How often do you recycle?
• Frequently

• Occasionally

• Rarely

• Never
3. Why do you recycle?
(Select 1 or more
from the choices)
• It is good for our environment

• Recycling reduces trash

• To get money

• Others: (Please state)

4. How convenient do you find recycling?

• Very convenient

• Neutral

• Irritating

• Inconvenient
5. On a scale of 1-5, how would you rate the pollution of plastic and aluminum cans in your area?
With 5 being the worst and 1 being the least.
• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5
6. Where do you usually put your plastic and aluminum cans?
• Recycling bins

• Recycling sites
 • Scavenger (A person who collects recycling items)

• Others: (Please state)

7. Are you satisfied with the recycling process implemented on the STI College Fairview campus?
• Strongly satisfied

• Satisfied

• Neutral

• Dissatisfied
8. Among all of these suggestions, how well do you think it will make recycling much
easier and encouraging?
 Suggestions Very Likely Somewhat Likely Unlikely Highly Unlikely
Having a machine
that converts your
recycled goods into
money
Conduct a pointing
system accessible
through an
android application
Building a machine that
enables people to
become a community-
responsible
Having a machine that
automatically
segregates recycled
goods

9. How likely are you to recommend a reverse vending machine with a

points redeeming system using an Android application to others?
• Very Likely
 • Somewhat Likely

• Unlikely

• Highly Unlikely
10. In your opinion, what community problems do you think will be resolved by having
a machine with all these traits?
APPENDIX C
IMAGES
 Image 1: Capacitive Proximity Sensor
A sensor that is used to detect non-metallic objects such as Plastics, Papers, Glass, etc.
without physical contact.

Image 2: Inductive Proximity Sensor

A sensor that is used to detect metallic objects such as Aluminum cans without direct
contact.

Image 3: Ultrasonic Sensor

This sensor will be utilized to determine the fill level or capacity of the storage of a bin
or machine.
 Image 4: Piezo Buzzer
It is a compact electronic device that generates sound when an electrical voltage is
applied to it, commonly used for alarms, alerts, and feedback in electronic systems and
devices.

Image 5: Arduino Uno

The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board with ATmega328P. This is used for
programming and controlling the various devices used in the project.
 Image 6: Wi-Fi Module (ESP 32)
This sensor his enables these devices to connect to local Wi-Fi networks, the
internet, and other Wi-Fi-enabled devices.

Images 7: 7-inch 800x840 Thin Film Transistor LCD Display

A module that is used for showing information, displaying data, serving as a clock, or showing
sensor readings.
 Image 8: Multi-level Waste Level Indicator
A waste level indicator is a device or mechanism used to display the quantity of waste or material
contained in a garbage bin or storage unit. It provides users with information about the current fill
level, helping them determine when it is on a low-level, mid-level, or critical level.

Image 9: Power Supply AC to DC Converter

This particular power supply belongs to a specific category of electrical devices known as AC-DC
converters, designed with the purpose of transforming the variable electrical current, typically
found in household power outlets, from alternating current (AC) into a consistent and unwavering
direct current (DC) voltage. The key characteristic of this power supply is its ability to generate a
steady output of 15 volts (15V), making it a dependable source of power with minimal fluctuations.
 Image 10: Servo Motor
s a type of electric motor that is designed to provide precise control of its angular position,
velocity, and acceleration. It is often used in applications that require highly accurate and
controlled movement, such as robotics, CNC machines, 3D printers, and industrial automation

systems.

Image 11: Arduino IDE

Is a software application used for programming and developing applications for Arduino
microcontroller boards. Arduino is an open-source electronics platform that enables users to
create interactive and programmable projects. The Arduino IDE serves as the primary tool for
writing, compiling, and uploading code to Arduino boards.
 Image 12: Android Studio
Android Studio is a Software Application specifically designed for creating Android applications.
It is the official IDE for Android app development. It provides developers with a comprehensive set
of tools and features to streamline the development, testing, and deployment of Android apps.

Image 13: Java Programming

Java is a high-level, versatile, and object-oriented programming language. It is also known for its
platform independence, which means that Java programs can run on various operating systems
without modification with the help of Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
APPENDIX D
DIAGRAM AND
TABLES
 Diagram 1: Evolutionary Prototype Model

Evolutionary Prototyping is a lifecycle model in which the system is developed in

increments so that it can readily be modified in response to end-user and
customer feedback.

Diagram 2: Block Diagram

The diagram represents the sequence of the Reverse Vendo Machine. It all starts with the
UI module followed by the screen display of the machine which people have an option to
choose between account user and default mode. It will then be followed up by the waste
segregation module once they put an aluminum can or plastic bottle through the machine.
Once done, next process will be the monetary dispencing. An advantage of account users
is, they can both get the money from the machine as well as request a gcash payment from
the developers. Once the waste from the machine reaches 80% or above, waste level
monitoring should come up. After that, a buzzer from the notification module will notify
the people that the machine is full and they cannot process their items or dispense money.
 MONTH SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBE JANUARY FEBRUAR MARCH APRI MAY JUNE
2023 2023 2023 R 2023 2024 Y 2024 2024 L 2024 2024
ACTIVITY 2024
Requirements and
Gathering Analysis
Title
Adviser
Interview
Architectural Design
Build Prototype
Initial User Evaluation
Refining Prototype
Implement Product &
Maintenance

MONTH JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER

2024 2024 2024 2024
ACTIVITY
Requirements and
Gathering Analysis
Title
Adviser
Interview
Architectural Design
Build Prototype
Initial User Evaluation
Refining Prototype
Implement Product &
Maintenance

Table 1: Gantt Chart

LEGEND

On-Going:

ACCOMPLISHED:
FT-ARA-020-00 | STI College <School Name> 37
 Quantity Specifics Approximate Cost

1 Wi-Fi Module (ESP32) P570

1 Thin Film LCD Display P3000

2 Capacitive Sensor P500

2 Inductive Sensor P300

1 Ultrasonic Sensor P50

1 Waste Level Indicator P170

1 Buzzer Module P30

1 Power Supply P500

1 PVC Pipes P500

1 Machine Case P2,000

Other Expenses P10,000

Total Cost: P17,620

Table 2: Budgetary Estimate

APPENDIX E
ARCHITECTURAL
DESIGN
v

Figure 1.1: Front View

Figure 1.2: Side View
Figure 1.3: Top View
Figure 1.4: Parts Measurements
APPENDIX F
CURRICULUM VITAE
 Curriculum Vitae of
JERICHO C. GARCIA
Sampaguita Subd. Camarin Caloocan City
[email protected]
0915-448-2295

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Level Inclusive Dates Name of School/ Institution
Tertiary 2020-Present STI College Fairview
Senior High School 2018-2020 Mystical Rose School of Caloocan INC.
High School 2014-2018 Sampaguita High School
Elementary 2008-2014 Sampaguita Elementary School

PROFESSIONAL OR VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE

Nature of Experience/ Name and Address of Company or
Inclusive Dates
Job Title Organization
2019 Microsoft Office Suites Microsoft
2020 Hardware and Electronics STI College Fairview
2020 Software Literate STI College Fairview
2020 Work Immersion Mystical Rose School of Caloocan
Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

AFFILIATIONS
Inclusive Dates Name of Organization Position
2023 PACERS Member

Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

SKILLS
SKILLS Level of Competency Date Acquired
Robotics Novice 2020
Microsoft Applications Intermediate 2020
Hardware & Software Intermediate 2020

TRAININGS, SEMINARS OR WORKSHOP ATTENDED

Inclusive Dates Title of Training, Seminar or Workshop
2023 Cloud Server Cybersecurity Artificial Intelligence
2018 NCII Achiever in St. Francis Zapote
2018 NCIII Achiever Graphic Design
 Curriculum Vitae of
CHRISTIAN S. TABUDLONG
Batasan Hills, Quezon City
[email protected]
0995-173-1302

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Level Inclusive Dates Name of school/ Institution
Tertiary 2020-Present STI College Fairview
Senior High School 2018-2020 Mystical Rose School of Caloocan INC.
High School 2014-2018 Tala High School
Elementary 2008-2014 Rene Cayetano Elementary School

PROFESSIONAL OR VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE

Nature of Experience/ Name and Address of Company or
Inclusive Dates
Job Title Organization
2023 Hardware and Electronics STI College Fairview
2023 Software Literate STI College Fairview
2023 Work Immersion Mystical Rose School of Caloocan
2021 Customer Service Teleperformance Philippines
Representative
Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

AFFILIATIONS
Inclusive Dates Name of Organization Position
2023 PACERS Member

SKILLS
SKILLS Level of Competency Date Acquired
Programming Intermediate 2019
Microsoft Applications Intermediate 2020
Hardware & Software Intermediate 2020

TRAININGS, SEMINARS OR WORKSHOP ATTENDED

Inclusive Dates Title of Training, Seminar or Workshop
2023 Computerized Maintenance Management
Systems
2023 Cloud Server Cybersecurity Artificial
Intelligence

Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

 Curriculum Vitae of
JOHN VINCENT D. SEBUGUERO
Talanay Batasan Hills, Quezon City
[email protected]
0997-938-8010

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Level Inclusive Dates Name of school/ Institution
Tertiary 2020-Present STI College Fairview
Senior High School 2018-2020 Diliman College.
High School 2014-2018 Edlen Learning Institute
Elementary 2008-2014 Edlen Learning Institute

PROFESSIONAL OR VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE

Nature of Experience/ Name and Address of Company or
Inclusive Dates
Job Title Organization
2021 Data Encoding Serbisyo ng Bayan Partylist,
Quezon City, District 2

Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

AFFILIATIONS
Inclusive Dates Name of Organization Position
2023 PACERS Member

Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

SKILLS
SKILLS Level of Competency Date Acquired
Programming Intermediate 2019
Microsoft Applications Intermediate 2020
Hardware & Software Intermediate 2020

TRAININGS, SEMINARS OR WORKSHOP ATTENDED

Inclusive Dates Title of Training, Seminar or Workshop
2020 Employers and Workers in the Time of COVID-19 (Stop the Pandemic:
Safety and Health at Work can Save Lives)

Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

 Curriculum Vitae of
EDGHISMAR S. TIBANG
808 Jupiter St. La forteza Subd. Area A Brgy. 175 Camarin,
Caloocan City
[email protected]
0929-400-3087

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Level Inclusive Dates Name of school/ Institution
Tertiary 2020-Present STI College Fairview
Senior High School 2018-2020 Mystical Rose School of Caloocan INC.
High School 2014-2018 Camarin High School
Elementary 2008-2014 Camarin Main Elementary School

PROFESSIONAL OR VOLUNTEER EXPERIENCE

Nature of Experience/ Name and Address of Company or
Inclusive Dates
Job Title Organization
2023 Hardware and Electronics STI College Fairview
2023 Software Literate STI College Fairview
2023 Work Immersion Mystical Rose School of Caloocan

Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

AFFILIATIONS
Inclusive Dates Name of Organization Position
2023 PACERS Member

Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first).

SKILLS Level of Competency Date Acquired

Oriented in Adobe App Intermediate 2015
Oriented in Microsoft App Intermediate 2018
Graphic and Video Designing Intermediate 2018

TRAININGS, SEMINARS OR WORKSHOP ATTENDED

Inclusive Dates Title of Training, Seminar or Workshop
2018 Gŕaphic Design NC II

Listed in reverse chronological order (most recent first