The University of Edinburgh College of Science and Engineering Mathematics 4 Honours [MATHI00S1 Fourier Analysis ‘Wednesday, 21 May 2014 sam — 11:30am (Chairman of Examiners ~ Professor J M Figueroa-O' aril Extemal Examiner Professor J Greenlees Cre willbe given forthe bes! THREE. ancvars ‘Calculators approved by the College of Science and En; ring for use in exami ‘Make and Model Casio fx85 (any version, e.g. BSW, fx85MS) Caclo fx83 (any veteion, e.g. 83ES) Casio fx82 (any version) This exanination will be marked anonymously.MATHL0051 May2014 MAT-4-FAn Fourier Analysis ‘Throughout this pape, the word ‘integrable’ racans Riemann integrable (asin lectures). We denote by T the citcle R/2, 1 (0) () Let f,g: T+ € be integrable functions. Define the inner product (J,9)- Abo define [7h and Ul {8 marks} (8) Let fy foyooniJ2T + € be integrable functions. Suppose thet Jy + J as 00 in Ba. Prove that [fla =» Lf asm + 0, {3 marks] (©) (0) Let f,g: TC be integrable functions. Prove that J [iveow seater eas = 2( eid KH. 9P), ud deduce the Cauy- Sears inequality, \G.a)1< Ustole (4 marks) (i) Deduce from the Cauchy-Sehwarz inequality that for integrable functions fT, + alle < IJ lok [8 marks] (Gi) Deduce from the Cauehy-Schwarz inequality that for an integrable function LTC, Uh < Whe < We [a marks] {6) Prove that {step functions (0,1) ~+ C} is dense in {integrable functions [0,1) -+ C) ‘with respect to | «Ih. (8 marks)2. {a) Let f,9: 7 +C be intograble functions () Define the convolution J+ (2 marks) (G) Let k € 2, and denote by e¢: T+ € the hah character of. Prove that Seem Hen (You muy assume clementary properties of the dhactes.) [8 marks} (Gi) Prove that i is a trigonometric polynomial then so is f+ 9. (You may assume clementary properties of convolution) [5 marks} (iv) Prove tat f+ is continuous. (You may use general Uncorems on integrable functions as Kgs you state them clea) [6 marks} (v) Prove eat T>5(H) = FQ) fora & 2 {marks} (©) (@ Leen 20. Define the Delt kernel Dy and the Fejérkerel (2 marks (5) Prov tht the agance (Dy(/2))Sy doesnot conor, ut the seqvence (Fa(1/21) 54 does. [4 marks) (i) Write dove an example of «postive approximation tc delta other dan (F) (Yau dono have to prove Ut tf a postive approximation to dela) (2 marks]3. (a) Lat (on) 2 8 sequence of complex numbers, and let s bea complex muber. (@) What does mean for # to be the Cesiro lini of (8)? (2 marks] Prove that ifs the limit f(s) then i is also the Cesivotimit, (6 marks) (8) Given an integrable fonction f: T+ ©, let $f denote the nth Fourier partial sum oy: State whether each ofthe following statements i tue or False. (No justifiction need be given.) () Saf > J unformly forall continous f: T+ C. (i) $f > F altost everywhere fr all integrable f: T+ C. (i) $f Fin [+s for al integrable f: T+ © (iv) Sof > im > fe fr all continuously diferentable /: 7 -»C. () Sof +f pointwise for al diferentihle J:"T -+C. [5 marke] (©) (@) Lee f:T+C be w continuously diferntiable function. Derive a fermula for the Fourie coofients of fn tem ofthe Poser cooficients of J. [8 marks] (8) Let {27 +€ be an integrable function and let ¢€ T. Derive forma forthe Fourier coeficients of /(-+) in torms ofthe Fourier coficients of f. [a marks) (@)() State the Rimann localization principe 2 marks) (Gi) Prove the Riemann localization principle. (You may assume any tleorem on pointwise convergence from lectures) [8 marks]4 (8) (@) What does it mean fora sequence (,)2) in 1) to be equidistribuled? [2 marks) (i) State Wey!'s equiistribution thoorem on irrational numbers, defining any notation you inzofuce {2 marks) (Gi) Assuuing Weyl'sdieoren, prow that there age infinitely many pastiv integers {such that inthe decimal expansion of j, the ist digit after the decimal point ies. [8 marks) () Let S denote the group {s € C: [| = 1), with multiplication asthe group operation Lat G be a finite belie group, (0) Let ey and ep be homomorphisms from G to S, Prove that the function &, ee: G48 defined by Aex-eadle) = ex(zdeate) (€€ 6) i 4 homomorphism (2 marta} (0) What s «character of GP What ithe character group Gof G? [2 marks} ii) at C, denote theres esi group. Prove that Gi omorphi 1 Cy [ marks] (iv) Let J be a function from G to C. Define the Fourier transform f of J. (You ‘may’ use standard notation in your answer.) (2 marks] (0) Let ¢ be a function from G to €, and write L=Dee-e “a Prove that j= d. (You may assume standard rests about characters as log ‘as you state them clerly) [4 marks)