AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION

497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7

9773965319, 8178650210

Differential
Equation

Summesh Saxena
9773965319
Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319
 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

Differential Equation :- An equation involving derivatives (s) of the indepent variable

with respect to only one independent variable is called an ORDINARY
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION. In particular equation involving 𝑑𝑥
or 𝑑𝑦
along
with the veribles x and y is known as an ordinary differential equation in x and y
General Solution (Primitive) :- The Solution which contains as many arbitrary
constants as the order of the differential equation is called general solution of
differential equation.
Particular Solution :- The solution free from arbitrary constants i.e. the solutions
obtained from the general solution by giving particular values of arbitrary
constant called particular solution of the differential
Order of a differential Equation : Is defined as the order of the higest order derivatives
of indepents variable w.r.t. the variable, involved in the given differential
equation
Q1. Find order of each of the following differential equation
𝑑𝑦
1. + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥
′′
2. 𝑦 − 𝑒𝑥 = 0
3. 𝑦 ′′′ + 𝑥𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑑𝑦 1
4. +
𝑑𝑦 =2
𝑑𝑥 ( )
𝑑𝑥
2
𝑑 𝑦
5. 𝑦 (𝑑𝑥 2 ) = 𝑦 2 + 1

6. 𝑌 = 𝑥𝑦 ′ + 𝑎 √1 + (𝑦 ′ )2

Degree of a Differential equation :- When it is a polynomial equations in the

1

derivatives, is defined as the highest power of the highest order derivatives

Page

involved in the given differential equation

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

Q2. Find the Degree, if defined of each of the following differential equations
1. 𝑦 ′′′′ + 𝑥 2 + 𝑒 𝑥 = 0
3
𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2. ( ) (
3 + 2
) + + 4𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

3. √1 − 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + √1 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0
7
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
4. ( 2
) + 5 + 15𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
5
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 6 𝑑 2𝑦
5. ( ) + ( ) = 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 2)
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 2
𝑑 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
6. 2 (𝑑𝑥 2 ) + 3√1 − (𝑑𝑥 ) − 𝑦 = 0
2
Page

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

𝐸𝑥𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑒 − 2
Q1. Form a differential equations representation the family of curves
𝑑 2𝑦
𝑦 = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝑥 + 𝑏 ), where A and B are constants ( )+𝑦 =0
𝑑𝑥 2

Q2. Show that the differential equation of which 𝑦 = 2(𝑥 2 − 1) + 𝑐𝑒 −𝑥 is a solution

𝑑𝑦
of 𝑑𝑥
+ 2𝑥𝑦 = 4𝑦 3

𝑥 𝑑 2𝑦 2𝑑𝑦
Q3. Show that 𝑦 = 𝑒 (𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)is a solution of ( )
2 + + 2𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Q4. Show that the differential equation of which (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 ) = 𝑐(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2)

𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑖𝑛 (𝑥 3 − 3𝑥𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 = (𝑦 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 )𝑑𝑦
Q5.Form the differential equations the family of curves represented (𝑥 − 𝑎)2 − 2𝑦 2 = 𝑎 2
𝑑𝑦
4𝑥𝑦 (𝑑𝑥 ) = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2

Q6.Form the differential equations the family of curves represented 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑎𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑏𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑥 2

𝑑 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
where a and b are the constants 𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 2 ) + 2 (𝑑𝑥 ) = 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥 2 + 2

Q7. Form the differential equations corresponding to 𝑦 2 = 𝑎(𝑏 − 𝑥)(𝑏 + 𝑥) where a and
𝑑 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
b are the constants 𝑥𝑦 ( )
2 +𝑥
( ) −𝑦( ) = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Q8. Form the differential equations the family of curves represented 𝑥𝑦 =

𝑑 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑎𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑏𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑐𝑒 −3𝑥 where a and b are the constants ( ) − 7 ( ) + 6𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

Q9 Show that the function 𝑦 = (𝐴 + 𝐵𝑥)𝑒 3𝑥 is the solution of differential equation

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
( ) − 6 ( ) + 9𝑦 = 0
3

𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
Page

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

Q10. Verify that 𝑦 2 4𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑎) 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑦 (1 − ) = 2𝑥 ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Q11. Form the differential equation corresponding to the 𝑦 = 𝑎 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑏𝑒 2𝑥

−1 𝑥
Q12 Form the differential equation corresponding to the 𝑦 = 𝑘 𝑒 sin +3
Q13. Find the equation of the curve passes through the point (1, 1), whose differential
equation is 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = (2𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑑𝑥, x=/ 0
4
Page

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

𝑬𝒙𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒊𝒔𝒆 − 𝟑
Initial Value Problem
VAR IABLE SEPARABLE :-
Solve the following differential equations:-
𝑑𝑦
Q1. (𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥 ) = (𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 −𝑥 ) y =log(𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥 )+C
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
Q2. (𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 =3(𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 4𝑥 ) y = 𝑒 3𝑥 + C

𝑑𝑦 1 3 1
Q3. (𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1) = (2𝑥 2 + 𝑥) y = logx+1+ log𝑥 2 +1- tan −1 𝑥 +c
2 4 2
𝑑𝑥

1
Q4. (1+x2) dy = x(1+y2) dx tan-1y = 2 log(1+x2) +C

Q5. y(1-x2) dy = x(1+y2)dx (1+y2)(1-x2) = C

−𝑦2
Q6. (y+xy) dx + (x-xy2)dy=0 +logy+x+logx = C
2

𝑥2
Q7. dy= 1+x+y+xy dx log |1+y| = x +
2

−1
Q8. (1+x)(1+y2)dx + (1+y)(1+x2)dy =0 tan-1 x+tan-1 y =
2
log [(1+x2)(1+y2)] =C

Q9. 3extany dx+(1-ex) sec2ydy = 0 (1-ex)3 = Ctany

Q10. (ey+1)cosx dx+ey sinx dy =0 (1+ey)sinx=C

5

1
Q11. (1-x2)dy + xy dx = xy2 dx log(y-1) - logy = -2 log |1-x2| + C
Page

Q12. y (1- x2)dy + x √1 − 𝑦 2 dx = 0 √1 − 𝑥 2 + √1 − 𝑦 2 =C

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

Q13. xcosy dy = (xexlogx +ex)dx siny = exlogx+C

𝑑𝑦 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥)
Q14. = y2(logy+1) = exsin2x+c
𝑑𝑥 𝑦(2𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦+1)

𝑑𝑦 𝑒 −𝑏𝑦 𝑏.𝑒 𝑎𝑥
Q15. log 𝑑𝑥 = ax +by −𝑏
= 𝑎
+C

𝑑𝑦 x+y
Q16. 𝑑𝑥
= e -e-y = ex + C

𝑑𝑦 𝜋
Q17. = ycot2x y( 4 ) = 2 y = 2 √𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 1 1 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥
Q18. = y= tan−1 ( )+𝐶
𝑑𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 4 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝑥 √2 √2

2 𝑑𝑦 4 𝑥 2 −1
Q19. x(x -1)𝑑𝑥 =1 y(2) = 0 y = log3 ( )
𝑥2

Q20. Solve the differential equation x(1+y 2) dx – y(1+x2) dy =0 given that when x=1

(1+x2) = 2(1+y2)

𝑑𝑦 1
Q21. (x+1) 𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑒 −1 − 1, y(0) = 0 y = log[2 − ]
𝑥+1

𝑑𝑦 𝑦2 +𝑦+1
Q22. Show that the general solution of differential equation + = 0, is given
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 +𝑥+1

√3
by (x+y+1) = A ( 1-x-y-2xy), when A is a parameter A= tan( 2 𝐶)
6
Page

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

𝐸𝑥𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑒 − 4
Equation to Reducible :-
𝑑𝑦 2 1 -1
𝑑𝑥
= (4x+y+1) 2
tan 4x+y+1 = x+c

𝑑𝑦 𝑥+𝑦+1 2 𝑙𝑜𝑔(3𝑥+3𝑦+4)
𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑥+2𝑦+3 3
(x+y)+ 9
= x+C

𝑑𝑦 (𝑥+𝑦)
= cos(x+y) tan = x+ C
𝑑𝑥 2

𝑑𝑦
= tan2(x+y) 2(y-x) + sin2(x+y) = C
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
sin-1 𝑑𝑥 = x+y tan(x+y)- sec(x+y)= x+C

𝑑𝑦 𝑥+𝑦
𝑑𝑥
= cos(x+y) + sin(x+y) log [1 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛 ( 2
)] +C
7
Page

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

𝐸𝑥𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑒 − 5
Homogenous Equations:-
𝑑𝑦 1 2𝑦+1
Q1. x2 𝑑𝑥 = x2 + 5xy +4y 2 2√
15
𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 ( ) = logx+C
√15𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑥
Q2. x2 = x2 + 3xy + y 2 ( ) +logx= C
𝑑𝑥 𝑥+𝑦

Q3. x2 dy +y( x + y) dx = 0 x2y = ( Cy + 2x)

𝑑𝑦 𝑥+√2𝑦 2 √2
Q4. x2 𝑑𝑥 = x2 + xy -2y2 𝑥−√ 2𝑦
=(𝑐𝑥 )

Q5. (x3 +3xy2) dx = (y3 +3x2y)dy (x2 – y2) = (x2 + y2)2C2

𝑑𝑦
Q6. x 𝑑𝑥 - y = 2 √𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 {𝑦 + √𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 } = C2x4

𝑐
Q7. [x √𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 - y2] dx +xy dy = 0 √𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 = xlog(𝑥)

𝑑𝑦 𝑦
Q8. x = y(logy- logx +1) y = xecx OR log( ) = Cx
𝑑𝑥 𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
Q9. = + sin tan = Cx
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 2𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 𝐶
Q10. x = y - x tan sin =
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 𝑐
Q11. x = 𝑦 − 𝑥 + cos2 tan = log( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
8

Q12. x cos (ydx + xdy) = y sin (xdy -ydx) xy cos = C OR sex = Cxy
Page

𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑦 𝜋 𝑦
Q13 {𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 − 𝑦}dx + x dy = 0 y(1) = cot = log(ex)
𝑥 4 𝑥

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

Q14 (y4 – 2x3y)dx + (x4 – 2xy3)dy = 0 , y(1) = 1 x 3+ y3 =2xy

𝑦 𝑦 𝑥 𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
Q15 c𝑜𝑠 dx - { sin + cos } 𝑑𝑦 =0 y sin = C
𝑥 𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦
Q16. Find the particular solution of differential equation : x cos ( ) = y cos +x.
𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥

𝜋 𝑦 1
Given that when x = 1 and y = 4
[𝑠𝑖𝑛
𝑥
= 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 +
√2
]

𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
𝑥
Q17. (1+𝑒 𝑦 )dx + 𝑒 𝑦 (1 − 𝑦)dy = 0 x + y 𝑒𝑦 = C

𝑑𝑦 𝑥+2𝑦
Q18. (x - y) = (x + 2y) log(x2+y2+xy) = 2√3 tan−1
𝑑𝑥 √3𝑥
9
Page

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210

𝐸𝑥𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑖𝑠𝑒 − 6
Integrating Factor
𝑑𝑦
Q1. (x2-1) + 2xy = 1 (x2-1)y = x+c
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
Q2. + ycotx = x (y-1)sinx + xcosx = c
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
Q3. cos2x 𝑑𝑥 + y = tanx yetanx = etanx(tanx-1) + c

𝑑𝑦 𝑥
Q4. (x2+1) + 2xy = √𝑥 2 + 4 y(x2+1) = √𝑥 2 + 4 +2log( x+√𝑥 2 + 4) + 𝐶
𝑑𝑥 2

𝑑𝑦 2 1 2
Q5. 𝑑𝑥
+ xsin2y = x3cos2y 𝑒 𝑥 tany = 2(x2-1) 𝑒 𝑥 +c

𝑑𝑦
Q6. + y.secx = tanx y( secx + tanx) = secx + tanx +x
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 2 2
Q7. xlog x 𝑑𝑥+y = 𝑥 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑥 ylogx = - 𝑥( 1+logx) +c

𝑑𝑦
Q8. + y.tanx = 2x + x2tanx ysecx =x2 secx
𝑑𝑥

Q9. ydx - xdy + (logx)dx = 0 y = cx - (1+logx)

𝑑𝑦 𝜋
Q10. 𝑑𝑥
+ ycotx = 2cosx y( 2 ) = 0 y = -cotx.cosx or 2y sinx+cos2x = 2c

𝑑𝑦
Q11. (1+x2) 𝑑𝑥 + 2xy -4x2= 0 3y(1+x2) = 4x 3+ 3c
10

𝑑𝑦 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 3 𝑥
Q12. sinx 𝑑𝑥 + y cosx = 2sin2xcosx y sinx = +c
Page

Q13. (1+y2)dx = (tan-1y - x)dy y(0)=0 (x - tan-1y+1)etan-1y=1

Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319

 AUMSHRI EDUCATION SOLUTION
497, Mukim Pura Mindir wali Gali Subzi MANDI Delhi-7
9773965319, 8178650210
𝑑𝑦
Q14. (x+y+1) =1 x = cey - y -2
𝑑𝑥

𝑦4
Q15. ydx + (x-y3)dy = 0 xy = 4
+c

𝑑𝑦 4𝑥 3
Q16. (1+x2) + 2xy - 4x2 = 0, y(0)=0 y(1+x2) =
𝑑𝑥 3

𝑑𝑦 2𝑥𝑦 1
Q17. + = if y=0 when x = 0 y(1+x2) =tan−1 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑥 2 (1+𝑥 2 )2

−1 𝑦
Q18. √1 − 𝑦 2dx = (sin−1 𝑦 − 𝑥)dy y(0)=0 x-sin−1 𝑦 + 1= 𝑒 sin

Q19. ( x-siny)dy + tanydx = 0 y(0)=0 y= sin−1 2𝑥

𝑒 −2√𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
Q20. [ − ] =1 y = (2√𝑥 + 𝑐)𝑒 −2√𝑥
√𝑥 √𝑥 𝑑𝑥
11
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Differential Equation 12th A.S.E.S. Summesh Saxena- 9773965319