Scribd
Upload
52 views15 pages

Pythagoras Theorem

The Pythagorean theorem states that in a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. The document provides the formula c2 = a2 + b2, where c is the hypotenuse and a and b are the other two sides. It also includes a proof of the theorem using similar triangles. The converse of the theorem is also presented, which states that if the square of one side of a triangle equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides, then the angle opposite the first side is a right angle. Real-world applications of the Pythagorean theorem are discussed such as architecture, engineering, surveying, and map-

Uploaded by

Shikha Agrawal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
52 views15 pages

Pythagoras Theorem

The Pythagorean theorem states that in a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. The document provides the formula c2 = a2 + b2, where c is the hypotenuse and a and b are the other two sides. It also includes a proof of the theorem using similar triangles. The converse of the theorem is also presented, which states that if the square of one side of a triangle equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides, then the angle opposite the first side is a right angle. Real-world applications of the Pythagorean theorem are discussed such as architecture, engineering, surveying, and map-

Uploaded by

Shikha Agrawal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Pythagoras theorem

 The Pythagorean theorem is related to the study


of sides of a right angled triangle.
 It is also called as Pythagoras theorem.
 The Pythagorean theorem states that,
 In a right triangle
(length of the hypotenuse) 2 =
{(1st side) 2 + (2nd side) 2 }

c2 = a2 + b2 c
a

b
The Theorem:
The square of the hypotenuse of a right triangle
is equal to the sum of the squares of the other 2
sides (legs)

a2 + b2 = c2

But what does it mean???


Pythagorean Theorem
Pythagoras theorem
 In a right angled triangle three sides: Hypotenuse,
Perpendicular and Base. The base and the perpendicular
make an angle is 900.So, according to Pythagorean
theorem:
(Hypotenuse)2 = (Perpendicular)2 + (Base)2
Pythagoras Theorem Proof:
Given: Δ ABC is a right angled triangle where <B = 900
And AB = P, BC= b and AC = h
A
To Prove: h2 = p2 + b2
p h

B b C
Pythagoras theorem
Construction : Put a perpendicular BD from B to AC ,
where AD = x and CB = h-x ,
Proof : Consider the two triangles A
Δ ABC and Δ ABD, these two triangles
are similar to each other because of x h
AA similarity. This is because both the p D
triangle have a right angle and one (h-x)
common angle at A.
In Δ ABC and Δ BDC both are similar C
B b
So by these similarity,

p b
= x AND = (h-x)
h p h b
Pythagoras theorem
p b
= x AND = (h-x)
h p h b
A
P2 = h * x and b2 = h (h – x)
x h
p D
Adding both L.H.S. and R.H. S. (h-x)

C
P2 + b2 = h.x + h (h - x) B b

Or P2 + b2 = h.x + h2 – h.x
h2 = p 2 + b2
converse o f t h e P y t h a g o r a s Theorem
 In a triangle, if square of one side is equal to the sum of the
squares of the other two sides, then the angle opposite the
first side is a right angle.
Given: In a triangle ABC in which AC2 = AB2 + BC2

To prove: ∠B = 90

B C
converse o f t h e P y t h a g o r a s Theorem
Construction: A Δ PQR right angled at Q such that
PQ = AB and QR = BC (figure)
Proof: from Δ PQR,
we have: PR2 = PQ2 +QR2
(Pythagoras Theorem, as ∠Q = 90 )
or, PR2 = AB2 +BC2
(By construction) ……………. (i)

A P

B C Q R
converse o f t h e P y t h a g o r a s Theorem
But given, AC2 = AB2 + BC2……………………. (ii)
From (i) and (ii)
AC = PR …………………………….(iii)
Now, in Δ ABC and Δ PQR,
AB = PQ …………………(By construction)
BC = QR ………………...(By construction)
AC = PR …………….Proved in (iii) above

A P

B C Q R
converse o f t h e P y t h a g o r a s Theorem

So, Δ ABC ≅ Δ PQR …………….(SSS congruence)

Therefore, ∠B = ∠Q ...........................(CPCT)

But, ∠Q = 90 …………………..(By construction)

So, ∠B = 90 Proved
A P

B C Q R
Example Problem
Real World Uses
Architecture, Engineering, Surveying
CAD (Computer Aided Drafting)
Military Applications
Cartography (Map-Making/Directions)
It’s Uses
Determine side length
of triangles
Height, distance of
objects
The Distance Formula
Range finding

You might also like