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Effect of spacing and genotypes on physiological growth indices of french bean

(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Article in International Journal of Plant Sciences · October 2022

DOI: 10.15740/HAS/IJPS/17.2/250-258

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 IJ PS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES DOI: 10.15740/HAS/IJPS/17.2/250-258
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 ISSN-0973-1547 Volume 17 | Issue 2 | July, 2022 | 250-258

RESEARCH ARTICLE
Effect of spacing and genotypes on physiological growth
indices of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

 C. M. Kamble, A. P. Trivedi, A. S. Bhanvadia, J. J. Ghadiali and B. K. Patel

SUMMARY
A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand to evaluate
the effect of various spacing and genotypes on physiological growth indices of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
during Rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-21. The experiment consisted of twenty-two treatment combinations comprised
of two levels of spacing [S1: 30 x 10 cm and S2: 45 x 10 cm] and eleven levels of genotypes [G1: SKAUSJ-WB 185, S2:
Tripura Rajma-1, G3: Phule Rajma, G4: Phule Suyash, G5: RKR 1011-1, G6: RKR 1033, G7: GR-1, G8: Varun, G9: HPR-35, G10:
IPR-98-3-1 and G11: Swarna Safal (ICAR Ranchi)]. The results revealed that 45 x 10 cm spacing recorded significantly
higher physiological growth indices in french bean. While among the various genotypes tested, the significantly higher
physiological growth indices were obtained in Swarna Safal genotype of french bean and it also remained at par with
Phule Rajma and GR-1 genotypes at 30 DAS, 60 DAS and at harvest.
Key Words : French bean, Spacing, Genotype

How to cite this article : Kamble, C. M., Trivedi, A. P., Bhanvadia, A. S., Ghadiali, J. J. and Patel, B. K. (2022). Effect of spacing and
genotypes on physiological growth indices of french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Internat. J. Plant Sci., 17 (2): 250-258, DOI:
10.15740/HAS/IJPS/17.2/250-258, Copyright@ 2022:Hind Agri-Horticultural Society.

Article chronicle : Received : 12.05.2022; Revised : 23.05.2022; Accepted : 24.06.2022

T
MEMBERS OF THE RESEARCH FORUM he production of pulses however, does not
Author to be contacted : commensurate with the demand in the country.
C. M. Kamble, Department of Plant Physiology, B.A. College of
Agriculture, Anand Agriculture University, Anand (Gujarat) India The per capita availability of pulses in India has
Email : [email protected] been continuously decreasing which is at present 55.90
g/day/capita against the minimum requirement of 85 g/
Address of the Co-authors:
J. J. Ghadiali, Department of Plant Physiology, B.A. College of day/capita for balanced diet as recommended by World
Agriculture, Anand Agriculture University, Anand (Gujarat) India Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agricultural
A. P. Trivedi, ICAR – Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Organization (FAO). It is the high time to cultivate pulses
Research, Boriavi, Anand (Gujarat) India crops scientifically with increasing area (Patel et al.,
A. S. Bhanvadia, Regional Research Station, Anand Agriculture 2013).
University, Anand (Gujarat) India French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a
B. K. Patel, Department of Agronomy, B. A. College of Agriculture, leguminous crop and belongs to family Fabaceae. It is
Anand Agriculture University,Anand (Gujarat) India also known as Snap bean, Kidney bean, Common

HIND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE

 C. M. Kamble, A. P. Trivedi, A. S. Bhanvadia, J. J. Ghadiali and B. K. Patel

bean, Rajma bean, Haircot bean, Dwarf bean, Pole characters and can serve to identify the character of
bean, Navy bean, Pinto bean and String bean. French high yielding ability while making selection from the base
bean is the most important leguminous vegetable, mainly population.
grown for the tender vegetable, shelled green beans
(Rajma) and dry beans also. In India, it is being grown MATERIAL AND METHODS
for tender vegetable, while in the USA, it is grown for A field experiment was carried out at the Regional
processing. It is found in two major groups, bush beans Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand
and pole beans. Bush beans are short plants, grows to elicit the effect of various spacing and genotypes on
approximately 2 feet height without support, reach physiological growth indices of french bean (Phaseolus
maturity and produce all of their pods in a relatively short vulgaris L.) during Rabi seasons of 2019-20 and 2020-
period of time (Heena et al., 2015). Both pole and bush- 21. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block
type French beans are cultivated for green pods in the Design with factorial concept and replicated three times.
hills (500–1600 MSL) during summer to autumn. There were 22 treatment combinations comprising 2
The world’s largest producer of french bean is India levels of spacing and 11 levels of genotypes. The soil of
and also, the greatest producer and importer of french experimental field was loamy sand in texture, low in
bean. The area of pea and beans in the agricultural year nitrogen, medium in available phosphorus and high in
of 2020-21 was 0.637 M ha with the production of 0.876 available potash. Urea and SSP were applied as a source
MT and the productivity is 1375 kg/ha (Ministry of of nitrogen and phosphorus prior to sowing at the rate of
Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Govt. of India). Punjab 25 kg N: 50 kg P2O5 per ha. Sowing was done under dry
and Haryana having the highest area with higher condition on 14th December, 2019 and 29th November,
productivity, western Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, 2020.
and the West Bengal are the major french bean growing
areas and it is also grown in Kerala, Karnataka’s eastern Physiological growth indices were calculated by
and coastal regions, Tamil Nadu, and some regions of following formulas:
Maharashtra.
DW 2  DW1
The suitable variety and proper spacing are the two Absolute growth rate (AGR) 
t 2  t1
important factors for higher crop production. The
where, DW1 and DW2 are dry weight of plant at t1
performance evaluation of different french bean
and t2 times, respectively.
varieties varies under different agro-climatic conditions
due to their specific climatic requirement. Therefore, an 1 DW 2  DW 1
Crop growth rate (CGR)  x
P t 2  t1
appraisal of varieties for their variability with respect to
growth, yield and quality under different conditions is where, DW1 and DW2 were whole plant dry weight
essential to improve the production. In this context it is at time t1 and t2, respectively.
very much necessary to evaluate these commercial P is land area on which W1 and W2 were recorded.
varieties available, in order to identify high yielding types Relative growth rate (RGR) 
log W 2  log W1
for increasing production and productivity. t 2  t1
Proper spacing is the most important non-monetary where, W1 and W2 were dry weight of plant at t1
input in crop production, which affects the crop growth, and t2 times, respectively.
yield and quality to a greater extent. Optimum plant (W 2  W1 ) (log L 2  log L1 )
Net assimilati on rate (NAR) 
population plays an important role to fully exploit all (t 2 -t1 ) (L 2 -L1 )
available resources for growth as it provides optimum where, W1 and W2 were dry weight of plant at t1
growing conditions such as temperature, light, humidity and t2 times, respectively.
and rainfall. L1 and L2 were leaf area of plant at t1 and t2 times,
The improvement of french bean for any quantitative respectively.
trait involves a proper selection criterion. The plant
selected based on phenotype may not perform with the RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
same magnitude in the next generation. Hence, the
The results obtained from the present investigation
criteria like heritability, genetic advance and correlation
as well as relevant discussion have been summarized
co-efficient provides a measure of association among
Internat. J. Plant Sci., 17 (2) July, 2022 : 250-258 Hind Agricultural Research and Training Institute
251
 Effect of spacing & genotypes on physiological growth indices of french bean

under following heads : 0.059 and 0.058 g/day) at 0-30 DAS in both years and in
pooled analysis, respectively.
Effect of spacing and genotypes on absolute growth Interaction effect between the spacing and genotype
rate (AGR) : found non-significant at 0-30 DAS in absolute growth
At 0 – 30 DAS : rate.
The results (Table 1) revealed that spacing and
genotypes exerted significant effect on absolute growth At 30 – 60 DAS :
rate in french bean. In both the year (2019-20 and 2020- The data pertaining to absolute growth rate (g/day)
21) and in pooled analysis, spacing 45 × 10 cm recorded at 30 – 60 DAS in Table 1 showed the significant
significantly higher absolute growth rate (0.070, 0.072 difference among the spacing and genotype of french
and 0.071 g/day) than 30 × 10 cm spacing (0.061, 0.063 bean. Among the spacing, 45 × 10 cm recorded
and 0.062 g/day), respectively. significantly higher absolute growth rate both the year
Among the genotype, Swarna Safal recorded (2019-20 and 2020-21) and in pooled analysis (0.651,
highest absolute growth rate (g/day) and remained at 0.665 and 0.658 g/day) than 30 × 10 cm spacing (0.397,
par with Phule Rajma (0.079, 0.081 and 0.080 g/day). 0.405 and 0.401 g/day), respectively.
GR-1 (0.072 and 0.074 g/day), recorded similar absolute Among the genotype, Swarna Safal documented
growth rate to Swarna Safal in both the year but found highest absolute growth rate (0.641, 0.655 and 0.648 g/
significant lower in pooled analysis (0.073 g/day). day) which was at par with Phule Rajma (0.611, 0.624
Conversely, Tripura Rajma – 1 listed lowest AGR (0.057, and 0.618 g/day) at 2019-20, 2020-21 and in pooled result.

Table 1 : Effect of various spacing and genotypes on absolute growth rate (AGR)
Absolute growth rate [AGR] (g/day)
Treat. 0-30 DAS 30 – 60 DAS 60 DAS – Harvest
2019-20 2020-21 Pooled 2019-20 2020-21 Pooled 2019-20 2020-21 Pooled
Spacing (S)
S1 0.061 0.063 0.062 0.397 0.405 0.401 0.665 0.680 0.673
S2 0.070 0.072 0.071 0.651 0.665 0.658 0.773 0.791 0.782
S.E.± 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.007 0.007 0.005 0.010 0.010 0.007
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.003 0.003 0.002 0.021 0.020 0.014 0.027 0.030 0.020
Genotypes (G)
G1 0.067 0.069 0.068 0.549 0.561 0.555 0.767 0.784 0.776
G2 0.057 0.059 0.058 0.445 0.454 0.449 0.601 0.615 0.608
G3 0.075 0.077 0.076 0.611 0.624 0.618 0.851 0.870 0.860
G4 0.066 0.067 0.067 0.540 0.552 0.546 0.756 0.774 0.765
G5 0.064 0.066 0.065 0.500 0.511 0.505 0.674 0.689 0.682
G6 0.063 0.065 0.064 0.495 0.505 0.500 0.667 0.682 0.674
G7 0.072 0.074 0.073 0.588 0.601 0.594 0.822 0.841 0.832
G8 0.060 0.061 0.060 0.463 0.473 0.468 0.626 0.641 0.633
G9 0.059 0.061 0.060 0.463 0.473 0.468 0.624 0.637 0.631
G10 0.060 0.062 0.061 0.466 0.477 0.472 0.631 0.646 0.639
G11 0.079 0.081 0.080 0.641 0.655 0.648 0.888 0.915 0.902
S.E.± 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.017 0.016 0.012 0.022 0.025 0.017
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.007 0.008 0.005 0.049 0.047 0.034 0.064 0.070 0.047
S × G interaction
S.E.± 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.024 0.023 0.017 0.032 0.035 0.024
C.D. (P=0.05) NS NS NS 0.070 0.066 0.048 0.090 0.099 0.067
CV% 8.518 9.772 9.209 8.058 7.540 7.829 7.592 8.192 7.981
NS= Non-significant

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 C. M. Kamble, A. P. Trivedi, A. S. Bhanvadia, J. J. Ghadiali and B. K. Patel

On the contrary, Tripura Rajma – 1 registered lowest 2020-21 both the years. However, Phule Rajma found
AGR (0.445, 0.454 and 0.449 g/day) at 30-60 DAS in at par with Swarna Safal at 45 × 10 cm spacing in pooled
both years and in pooled analysis, respectively. analysis. Lowermost absolute growth rate recorded in
Absolute growth rate at 30 – 60 DAS was affected Tripura Rajma-1 when sown on 30 × 10 cm spacing.
by the interaction effects of the factors spacing and Wider spacing might be attributed to less competition
genotype at 30 – 60 DAS. Accordingly, variety Swarna for resources subsequently improved available soil
Safal showed the highest Absolute growth rate (g/plant) moisture of the plant, nutrients, light and space for better
at 45 × 10 cm plant spacing which was at par with Phule development of these characters. The results corroborate
Rajma and GR–1 at spacing 45 × 10 cm in 2019-20 and with the findings of Patel et al. (2010) for moth bean.

Table 2 : Interaction effect of various spacing and genotypes on absolute growth rate (AGR) at 30 – 60 DAS
Absolute growth rate [AGR] (g/day) at 30 – 60 DAS
2019-20 2020-21 Pooled
Treat.
S1 S2 Mean S1 S2 Mean S1 S2 Mean
G1 0.405 0.693 0.549 0.414 0.708 0.561 0.410 0.701 0.555
G2 0.345 0.545 0.445 0.352 0.556 0.454 0.348 0.550 0.449
G3 0.454 0.768 0.611 0.464 0.785 0.624 0.459 0.776 0.618
G4 0.398 0.682 0.540 0.407 0.697 0.552 0.402 0.689 0.546
G5 0.388 0.612 0.500 0.397 0.625 0.511 0.393 0.618 0.505
G6 0.383 0.606 0.495 0.392 0.619 0.505 0.388 0.612 0.500
G7 0.435 0.741 0.588 0.445 0.757 0.601 0.440 0.749 0.594
G8 0.359 0.568 0.463 0.367 0.580 0.473 0.363 0.574 0.468
G9 0.358 0.568 0.463 0.366 0.580 0.473 0.362 0.574 0.468
G10 0.362 0.571 0.466 0.370 0.583 0.477 0.366 0.577 0.472
G11 0.477 0.806 0.641 0.487 0.823 0.655 0.482 0.815 0.648
Mean 0.397 0.651 0.405 0.665 0.401 0.658
S.E.± 0.024 S.E.± 0.023 S.E.± 0.017
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.070 C.D. (P=0.05) 0.066 C.D. (P=0.05) 0.048

Table 3 : Interaction effect of various spacing and genotypes on absolute growth rate (AGR) at 60 DAS – Harvest
Absolute growth rate [AGR] (g/day) at 60 DAS – harvest
2019-20 2020-21 Pooled
Treat.
S1 S2 Mean S1 S2 Mean S1 S2 Mean
G1 0.679 0.855 0.767 0.695 0.873 0.784 0.687 0.864 0.776
G2 0.577 0.625 0.601 0.591 0.640 0.615 0.584 0.633 0.608
G3 0.761 0.942 0.851 0.776 0.964 0.870 0.768 0.953 0.860
G4 0.667 0.845 0.756 0.682 0.865 0.774 0.675 0.855 0.765
G5 0.650 0.698 0.674 0.666 0.712 0.689 0.658 0.705 0.682
G6 0.642 0.692 0.667 0.655 0.708 0.682 0.649 0.700 0.674
G7 0.732 0.912 0.822 0.749 0.933 0.841 0.740 0.923 0.832
G8 0.602 0.650 0.626 0.616 0.666 0.641 0.609 0.658 0.633
G9 0.602 0.647 0.624 0.614 0.660 0.637 0.608 0.654 0.631
G10 0.607 0.656 0.631 0.621 0.671 0.646 0.614 0.663 0.639
G11 0.798 0.978 0.888 0.817 1.013 0.915 0.808 0.995 0.902
Mean 0.665 0.773 0.680 0.791 0.673 0.782
S.E.± 0.032 S.E.± 0.035 S.E.± 0.024
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.090 C.D. (P=0.05) 0.099 C.D. (P=0.05) 0.067

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 Effect of spacing & genotypes on physiological growth indices of french bean

At 60 DAS to harvest : Rajma-1 (g/plant) when sown on 30 × 10 cm spacing.

The spacing 45 × 10 cm recorded significantly higher Vasava and Patel (2020) concluded same finding during
absolute growth rate at 60 DAS – at harvest (0.773, their experiments.
0.791 and 0.782) than 30 × 10 cm spacing (0.665, 0.680
and 0.673 g/day) in year 2019-20, 2020-21 and in pooled Effect of spacing and genotypes on crop growth rate
result, respectively. (CGR) :
Among the different genotypes used in experiment, At 0 – 30 DAS :
highest absolute growth rate (g/day) recorded in Swarna The data with regard to crop growth rate at 0 – 30
Safal (0.888, 0.915 and 0.902 g/day) which was at par DAS as influenced by different spacing and genotype of
with Phule Rajma (0.851, 0.870 and 0.860 g/day). While French bean are furnished in Table 4. The spacing 45 ×
in contrary, Tripura Rajma-1 recorded lowest AGR value 10 cm recorded significantly higher crop growth rate at
(0.601, 0.615 and 0.608 g/day) at 60 DAS – at harvest 0 – 30 DAS (1.565, 1.604 and 1.585 g/m2/day) than 30
in both years and in pooled analysis, respectively. × 10 cm spacing (2.038, 2.087 and 2.062 g/m2/day) in
Absolute growth rate was affected by the interaction year 2019-20, 2020-21 and in pooled result, respectively.
effects of the factors spacing and genotype at 30 – 60 Crop growth rate at 0 – 30 DAS significantly
DAS (Table 3). Accordingly, variety Swarna Safal differed in different genotypes, among the genotypes
showed the highest Absolute growth rate (g/plant) at 45 Swarna Safal (2.16, 2.22 and 2.19 g/m2/day) recorded
× 10 cm plant spacing which was at par with Phule Rajma highest crop growth rate at 0-30 DAS which was at par
and GR-1 at spacing 45 × 10 cm and the lowest in Tripura with Phule Rajma (2.06, 2.11 and 2.08 g/m2/day) in 2019-

Table 4 : Effect of various spacing and genotypes on crop growth rate (CGR)
Crop growth rate (g/m2/day)
Treat. 0-30 DAS 30 – 60 DAS 60 DAS – Harvest
2019-20 2020-21 Pooled 2019-20 2020-21 Pooled 2019-20 2020-21 Pooled
Spacing (S)
S1 2.04 2.09 2.06 13.23 13.51 13.37 22.17 22.67 22.42
S2 1.57 1.60 1.59 14.46 14.77 14.61 17.17 17.59 17.38
S.E.± 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.20 0.19 0.14 0.28 0.29 0.20
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.07 0.09 0.06 0.56 0.53 0.38 0.79 0.82 0.57
Genotypes (G)
G1 1.84 1.89 1.86 14.46 14.77 14.61 20.89 21.28 21.05
G2 1.57 1.60 1.58 11.79 12.05 11.92 16.57 16.96 16.76
G3 2.06 2.11 2.08 16.10 16.45 16.27 23.14 23.64 23.39
G4 1.80 1.85 1.82 14.21 14.52 14.36 20.50 20.99 20.74
G5 1.76 1.81 1.79 13.27 13.55 13.41 18.59 19.01 18.80
G6 1.74 1.78 1.76 13.12 13.41 13.26 18.39 18.80 18.59
G7 1.98 2.03 2.01 15.49 15.82 15.65 22.33 22.85 22.59
G8 1.63 1.67 1.65 12.29 12.56 12.42 17.25 17.66 17.45
G9 1.63 1.67 1.65 12.27 12.54 12.40 17.26 17.56 17.39
G10 1.65 1.69 1.67 12.38 12.65 12.51 17.40 17.81 17.60
G11 2.16 2.22 2.19 16.90 17.26 17.08 24.17 24.88 24.52
S.E.± 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.46 0.44 0.32 0.65 0.67 0.47
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.17 0.21 0.13 1.32 1.25 0.90 1.85 1.93 1.32
S × G interaction
S.E.± 0.09 0.10 0.07 0.65 0.62 0.45 0.92 0.95 0.67
C.D. (P=0.05) NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS NS
CV% 8.12 9.60 8.95 8.17 7.58 7.90 8.06 8.21 8.20
NS= Non-significant

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 C. M. Kamble, A. P. Trivedi, A. S. Bhanvadia, J. J. Ghadiali and B. K. Patel

20, 2020-21 years and in pooled analysis, respectively. in pooled result, respectively. The study of Rachaputi et
However, GR-1 also found at par with Swarna Safal in al. (2015) supported these results. They proved that the
the year of 2020-21 (2.03 g/m2/day). While in contrary, narrow row spacing resulted in 22% higher shoot dry
Tripura Rajma-1 registered lowest crop growth rate value matter and 14% more yield compared to the wide rows.
(1.57, 1.60 and 1.58 g/m2/day) at 0 – 30 DAS in both Among the genotype, Swarna Safal registered
years and in pooled analysis, respectively. highest crop growth rate at 30–60 DAS (16.90, 17.26
Interaction effect between the spacing and genotype and 17.08 g/m2/day), which was at par with Phule Rajma
found non significant at 0 – 30 DAS in crop growth rate (16.10, 16.45 and 16.27 g/m2/day) at 2019-20, 2020-21
in both the year and in pooled analysis. and in pooled result. On the contrary, Tripura Rajma-1
registered lowest crop growth rate (11.79, 12.05 and
At 30-60 DAS : 11.92 g/m2/day) in both years and in pooled result,
The data with respect to crop growth rate at 30 – respectively.
60 DAS presented in Table 4 clearly revealed that, the Interaction effect between the spacing and genotype
significant difference was found with respect to crop observed non-significant at 30-60 DAS in crop growth
growth rate between the spacing and genotypes of french rate in both the year and in pooled analysis.
bean. The significantly higher crop growth rate at 30-60
DAS was recorded under 45 × 10 cm (14.46, 14.77 and At 60 DAS to harvest :
14.61 g/m2/day) spacing than 30 × 10 cm spacing (13.23, The data depicted in Table 4 clearly indicated that,
13.5 and 13.37g/m2/day) in year 2019-20, 2020-21 and the crop growth rate (CGR) at 60 DAS – at harvest

Table 5 : Effect of various spacing and genotypes on relative growth rate (RGR)
Relative growth rate (g/g/day)
Treatments 0-30 DAS 30 – 60 DAS
2019-20 2020-21 Pooled 2019-20 2020-21
Spacing (S)
S1 0.0087 0.0090 0.0089 0.033 0.034
S2 0.0107 0.0111 0.0109 0.041 0.042
S.E.± 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.001 0.001
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.0006 0.0007 0.0004 0.002 0.001
Genotypes (G)
G1 0.0101 0.0104 0.0103 0.038 0.038
G2 0.0077 0.0081 0.0079 0.035 0.035
G3 0.0117 0.0121 0.0119 0.040 0.040
G4 0.0098 0.0101 0.0100 0.038 0.038
G5 0.0094 0.0098 0.0096 0.037 0.037
G6 0.0093 0.0096 0.0094 0.037 0.037
G7 0.0112 0.0115 0.0113 0.039 0.039
G8 0.0083 0.0087 0.0085 0.036 0.036
G9 0.0083 0.0086 0.0085 0.036 0.036
G10 0.0085 0.0088 0.0086 0.036 0.036
G11 0.0124 0.0128 0.0126 0.040 0.041
S.E.± 0.0005 0.0006 0.0004 0.001 0.001
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.0014 0.0016 0.0011 0.004 0.004
S × G interaction
S.E.± 0.0007 0.0008 0.0005 0.002 0.002
C.D. (P=0.05) NS NS NS NS NS
CV% 12.26 13.90 13.17 8.229 8.023
NS= Non-significant

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 Effect of spacing & genotypes on physiological growth indices of french bean

was significantly differed among the plant spacing and development of these characters. The results corroborate
genotype of french bean. The maximum crop growth with the findings of Patel et al. (2010) for moth bean.
rate (CGR) at 60 DAS – at harvest was registered under
45 × 10 cm (22.17, 22.67 and 22.42 g/m2/day) spacing Effect of spacing and genotypes on relative growth
which was significantly higher than 30 × 10 cm spacing rate (RGR) :
(17.17, 17.59 and 17.38 g/m2/day) in year 2019-20, 2020- At 0 – 30 DAS :
21 and in pooled result, respectively. The data with regard to relative growth rate at 0 –
Among the genotype, Swarna Safal registered 30 DAS as influenced by different spacing and genotype
highest crop growth rate at 60 DAS – at harvest (24.17, of French bean are furnished in Table 5. The spacing 45
24.88 and 24.52 g/m2/day), which remained at par with × 10 cm recorded significantly higher relative growth
Phule Rajma (23.14, 23.64 and 23.39 g/m2/day) at 2019- rate at 0-30 DAS (0.0107, 0.0111 and 0.0109 g/g/day)
20, 2020-21 and in pooled result, respectively. However, than 30 × 10 cm spacing (0.0087, 0.0090 and 0.0089 g/g/
GR-1 also found at par with Swarna Safal in 2019-20 day) in year 2019-20, 2020-21 and in pooled result,
year. On the dissimilar, Tripura Rajma1 registered lowest respectively.
crop growth rate (16.57, 16.96 and 16.76 g/m2/day) in Among the various genotypes, Swarna Safal (0.0124
both years and in pooled result, respectively. and 0.0128 g/g/day) recorded highest relative growth rate
Wider spacing might be attributed to less competition at 0-30 DAS and remained statistically at par with Phule
for resources subsequently improved available soil Rajma (0.0117 and 0.0121 g/g/day) and GR-1 (0.0112
moisture of the plant, nutrients, light and space for better and 0.0115 g/g/day) in 2019-20 and 2020-21 years,

Table 6 : Effect of various spacing and genotypes on net assimilation rate (NAR)
Net assimilation rate [NAR] (g/g/day)
Treatments 0-30 DAS 30 – 60 DAS
2019-20 2020-21 Pooled 2019-20 2020-21
Spacing (S)
S1 0.0059 0.0062 0.0061 0.054 0.054
S2 0.0076 0.0081 0.0079 0.105 0.107
S.E.± 0.0059 0.0062 0.0061 0.001 0.001
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.0076 0.0081 0.0079 0.004 0.004
Genotypes (G)
G1 0.0070 0.0082 0.0076 0.094 0.095
G2 0.0054 0.0057 0.0055 0.075 0.076
G3 0.0069 0.0088 0.0078 0.085 0.086
G4 0.0075 0.0080 0.0078 0.089 0.087
G5 0.0070 0.0066 0.0068 0.076 0.077
G6 0.0060 0.0064 0.0062 0.072 0.071
G7 0.0073 0.0074 0.0073 0.075 0.076
G8 0.0055 0.0056 0.0055 0.071 0.070
G9 0.0058 0.0062 0.0060 0.077 0.079
G10 0.0048 0.0050 0.0049 0.061 0.061
G11 0.0112 0.0111 0.0111 0.103 0.108
S.E.± 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.003 0.003
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.0006 0.0007 0.0006 0.009 0.009
S × G interaction
S.E.± 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.004 0.005
C.D. (P=0.05) NS NS NS 0.012 0.013
CV% 7.5997 8.3233 11.3557 9.161 9.865
NS= Non-significant

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 C. M. Kamble, A. P. Trivedi, A. S. Bhanvadia, J. J. Ghadiali and B. K. Patel

respectively. However, Swarna Safal only found at par al. (2010), Noor et al. (2014) and Meena et al. (2018).
(0.0126 g/g/day) with Phule Rajma (0.0119 g/g/day) in
the pooled result. Effect of spacing and genotypes on net assimilation
Interaction effect between the spacing and genotype rate (NAR) :
found non-significant at 0 – 30 DAS in crop growth rate At 0 – 30 DAS :
in both the year and in pooled analysis. The data with regard to net assimilation rate at 0–
30 DAS as influenced by different spacing and genotype
At 30-60 DAS : of french bean are furnished in Table 6. The spacing 45
The data with respect to on relative growth rate at × 10 cm recorded significantly higher net assimilation
30-60 DAS presented in Table 5 clearly revealed that, rate at 0-30 DAS (0.0076, 0.0081 and 0.0079 g/g/day)
the significant difference was found on relative growth than 30 × 10 cm spacing (0.0059, 0.0062 and 0.0061 g/g/
rate due to the spacing and genotypes of french bean. day) in year 2019-20, 2020-21 and in pooled result,
The significantly higher on relative growth rate at 30-60 respectively.
DAS was recorded under 45 × 10 cm (0.041, 0.042 and Net assimilation rate at 0–30 DAS significantly
0.041 g/g/day) spacing than 30 × 10 cm spacing (0.033, differed in different genotypes. Swarna Safal (0.0112,
0.034 and 0.033g/g/day) in year 2019-20, 2020-21 and in 0.0111 and 0.0111 g/g/day) recorded significantly higher
pooled result, respectively. net assimilation rate at 0-30 DAS than the remaining
Among the different genotype, Swarna Safal genotypes in 2019-20, 2020-21 years and in pooled
reported highest relative growth rate at 30–60 DAS analysis, respectively. However, Tripura Rajma-1
(0.040, 0.041 and 0.040 g/g/day), which was at par with registered lowest net assimilation rate (0.0054, 0.0057
remaining treatments except Tripura Rajma-1 in the year and 0.0055 g/g/day) at 0–30 DAS in both years and in
2019-20. In the year 2020-21, Swarna Safal recorded pooled analysis, respectively.
highest relative growth rate and observed at par with Interaction effect between the spacing and genotype
Phule Rajma, GR-1. However in pooled analysis, Swarna reported non-significant variation at 0-30 DAS in net
Safal also recorded highest relative growth rate, but it assimilation rate in both the year and in pooled analysis.
was at par with Phule Rajma,. Among all the genotypes
Tripura Rajma-1 recorded lowest relative growth rate in At 30 – 60 DAS :
both the years and in pooled result. The same findings in The different spacing exerted significant differed
french bean germplasm were also reported by Rania et on net assimilation rate at 30-60 DAS (Table 6). The

Table 7 : Interaction effect of various spacing and genotypes on net assimilation rate (NAR) at 30 – 60 DAS
Net assimilation rate [NAR] (g/g/day) at 30 – 60 DAS
2019-20 2020-21 Pooled
Treat.
S1 S2 Mean S1 S2 Mean S1 S2 Mean
G1 0.062 0.125 0.094 0.063 0.127 0.095 0.125 0.253 0.189
G2 0.053 0.098 0.075 0.053 0.098 0.076 0.106 0.196 0.151
G3 0.056 0.115 0.085 0.055 0.117 0.086 0.112 0.232 0.172
G4 0.061 0.118 0.089 0.059 0.116 0.087 0.119 0.234 0.177
G5 0.052 0.100 0.076 0.053 0.102 0.077 0.105 0.201 0.153
G6 0.051 0.094 0.072 0.049 0.094 0.071 0.099 0.188 0.144
G7 0.049 0.102 0.075 0.049 0.104 0.076 0.098 0.205 0.152
G8 0.051 0.092 0.071 0.048 0.092 0.070 0.099 0.184 0.142
G9 0.053 0.100 0.077 0.052 0.106 0.079 0.106 0.206 0.156
G10 0.042 0.079 0.061 0.043 0.078 0.061 0.086 0.157 0.121
G11 0.067 0.138 0.103 0.071 0.146 0.108 0.138 0.284 0.211
Mean 0.054 0.105 0.054 0.107 0.109 0.213
S.E.± 0.004 S.E.± 0.005 S.E.± 0.003
C.D. (P=0.05) 0.012 C.D. (P=0.05) 0.013 C.D. (P=0.05) 0.009

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Effect of spacing & genotypes on physiological growth indices of french bean

spacing 45×10 cm recorded significantly higher net monitoring, encouraging and conducting the experiment.
assimilation rate at 30-60 DAS (0.105, 0.107 and 0.106
g/g/day) than 30×10 cm spacing (0.054, 0.054 and 0.054 REFERENCES
g/g/day) in year 2019-20, 2020-21 and in pooled result, Heena, M. S., Devraju and Ravi, C. S. (2015). Evaluation of
respectively. french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes
Net assimilation rate at 30–60 DAS significantly under hill zone of Karnataka. A Thesis Submitted to
differed in different genotypes, among the genotypes University of Horticulture Science, Shimoga,
Swarna Safal (0.103, 0.108 and 0.106 g/g/day) recorded Karnataka (India).
significantly higher net assimilation rate at 30-60 DAS Malek, M. A., Shafiquzzaman, M., Rahman, M. S., Ismail, M.
than the remaining genotypes in 2019-20, 2020-21 years R. and Mondal, M. M. A. (2012). Standardization of
and in pooled analysis, respectively. However, Tripura soybean row spacing based on morpho-
Rajma-1 registered lowest net assimilation rate (0.075, physiological characters. Legume Research-An
0.076 and 0.075 g/g/day) at 30–60 DAS in both years International J., 35(2) : 138-143.
and in pooled analysis, respectively. Meena, J., Dhillon, T. S., Meena, A. and Singh, K. K. (2017).
The net assimilation rate (g/g/day) of french bean Studies on performance of French bean (Phaseolus
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spacing and genotype (Table 7). Accordingly, variety under protected conditions. Plant Archives, 17 (1) :
Swarna Safal showed the highest net assimilation rate 615-619.
(g/g/day) at 45×10 cm plant spacing and the lower plant Noor, F., Hossain, F. and Ara, U. (2014). Screening of french
height was observed in Tripura Rajma-1 when sown on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes for high
30×10 cm spacing these results are in confirmation of yield potential. Bangladesh J. Scientific & Industrial
findings of Malek et al. (2012). Research, 49 (4) : 227-232.
Patel, H. R., Patel, H. F., Maheriya, V. D. and Dodia, I. N. (2013).
Conclusion : Response of Kharif green gram (Vigna radiata) to
On the basis of the present results, it could be sulphur and phosphorus fertilization with and
concluded that spacing of 45×10 cm recorded without biofertilizer application. The Bioscan, 8 (1) :
significantly higher physiological growth indices viz., 149-152.
AGR, CGR, RGR and NAR in french bean during 2019- Patel, M. M., Patel, I. C., Patel, P. H., Vaghela, S. G. Patel R. I.
20; 2020-21 and pooled analysis, respectively. In case and Acharya S. (2010). Effect of sowing time, row
of genotypes, result revealed that significantly higher spacing and seed rate on yield and yield attributes
physiological growth parameters viz., AGR, CGR, RGR of moth bean (V. aconitifolia) under rain fed
and NAR was observed in Swarna Safal genotype during conditions. J. Arid Legumes, 7 (2) : 112-114.
2020, 2021 and in pooled analysis, respectively. This Rachaputi, R. C., Chauhan, Y., Douglas, C., Martin, W., Krosch,
genotype was also found closely related to Phule Rajma S., Agius, P. and King, K. (2015). Physiological basis
during the years 2019-20, 2020-21 and in pooled analysis. of yield variation in response to row spacing and
This is concluded from interaction effect results that plant density of mungbean grown in subtropical
Swarna Safal (ICAR Ranchi) found significantly superior environments. Field Crops Research, 183 : 14-22.
in various growth attributes at 45 × 10 cm spacing under Rania, M. A., Yasser M., Ahmed and Mohamed, S. B. (2010).
middle Gujarat conditions. Botanical studies on Phaseolus vulgaris L. I-
Morphology of vegetative and reproductive growth.
Acknowledgement : International J. Botany, 6 (2) : 323-333.
Authors are thankful to Department of Plant Vasava, C. and Patel, N. K. (2020). Effect of spacing and foliar
Physiology, B. A. College of Agriculture for providing spray of micronutrients on growth and yield of cluster
support during conduction of experiment as well as also bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.).
provided all the resources during investigation. Our Internat. J. Chemical Studies, 8 (3) : 2745-2748.
special thanks to Principal and Dean for continuous

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