conHaptee— iW | es ae Sali c | FRACTIONAL HORSE POWER MOTOR Ca Scanned with CamScanner| 2] Whol ose tbe imposton} sequiamen} thot a be Gosataies Rhactsree Sepbetehsy- "UNIT No/s2¥. Z SERVO MOTORS Sesvemotos should fove ond exploin fw -phose | Ac Sesvormotoss 9g [ Moy 2oog] Solution: - Semuormetors ore alsocoll ed ‘con feol- moles [dt fs & Feed beck conbssl System, Tt conuests eechsical penesgy into mechensical energy, Requirements of gexvoretos t - | ) Sesvomelors bove low -inestra 2) Sesvormmoboxs hove high fesqvue cape bili hes. 3) Sea Moloss hove lineox- tesque ~speed veotionship. It shoulo be eosily yeuessed 9) Sexo molo«s donot aves heot of shondetil, > Seve motors seluxn foo gives posilin time ofles ceshoin Pesiod vsithou} ony ovift, » Sesuomeless hove precise speed &contsol, + Types oF Sesuomeless t- A] O-¢- Sesu ore tox = © Asmolureconbolled b-¢. Setuome lex @) Fide conholl b-c- Serums tox A] Ac Besuomstos = \ \ Two-phose Ac: Sesuomolos | @ Three - phase Ac: Sesvome fos Scanned with CamScannerHrs When ME Ne sexuotrnalosy ate fo phose- O1 aire cage induchiaelype, They ete Used Pe 100 pow epplicn Hons, Recently bb eee “phose iPAvel fees roofow ss ce dene Lope, i) Tao phase Ac Bervomofont oo Yo © Con}not Ralow Oise Phore 9g tage ° ° Yo 2! 4o pa, 9 SOOT OCT TY Vin do° Fixed phase F Slofos 3 = The shafor hag faso cists bu led windings whi ANE Digplaced Proreach oj be« by 90° WS ]he toain WiPAlay fe Supplied Psorm a conale Golloge Gource , Nhe obhes wircling je. contsel phose 13 supplied witha wavioble VYolloqe of gon Foequency ao the Yefewen ce phose. Rolo s+ Dolo 16 genemolly Squired coqe HP DJ) have GMol) afomcters bu} lage Jong 1h. Scanned with CamScanner‘Toxque- Speed Chosoa ASMUNE: Speed Chorecteritics A C aN Hig b Rotor & | NN Resislonce N Speed cn) ‘Tesqe- speed i shoroctesistics of ac. Sesup ma 'S almost} lineor, loss b] Thuce- phose nic seruomefor ++ These sexo molesa ore usefos high power - Mme chen: sms os system, Norrpolly, this mocking hos been opevotea Success Pully asa lineoy Secoupled machine | Ike dc mochine, ‘ Applicetians = »s com puless - 2) RokoHes ‘ 8 Machine tools , | a) Recosdens > Rernole® Sessosg’ © Portable drilling machine Scanned with CamScanner®) qa hl How Sesao moles differ Fore ofhers indugteial ral, | Seplain briefly che: Seouamoloss. | bec: 200q)| 4 pet toa! } Sesuomotoss ave aldo called" control molowg?’, a) Seow orneferns hove high- losque copabilitieg , Dsesuomotmrg not use fos cosfinuergs enewsay Conuey Ajke Indushicl motess, “) Senvomoless are Use only fox precise Speed onal ean 8) Comshuchicn , Pesigh ond operatic of Sevwvorne | iS de diffes os} Prom othes mofnxg, S>Sesvo Mofors hove low-ineskia, 1) Sewuomo}osS ore Srpelles in size he: Djom ele be} lenges im lengik. §} Seouornaterss opercles ab Lery loro Speed ener eer 9) Sesvornoloss copoble bo hela shotie position, lo) pue to low inestia, they weuese quickly, IS In industsiol mofess, elecksicwives come ou} of therm Fox powes o5 well os contsal. but the sex Motesg wiseS go to a ceotsolles pot to aco de this wey, sesuomeless ote Jdiffece Freer the ip duSksio| raoloss as obovue, Scanned with CamScannerThese mofoe sg ore Seporele | -axciled de: Mohs os Permanent Magnek dee Moose, +i] Fiaa Setsolled pe Sewwome lost - a Jo ce) Obese armoture (3 connected fo conslont die curser} source fo mointein ‘Ta’ comstont @ Fide ond ovmolne ore separetly connected to their oup ply, @ sewn moles 18 connected to Fidd ,whese as armolure i@ connected fo cUrsat source, @yhis motos hos lorqe LF/ RE roto, “2 Le = FIda Jn vefonce RE = fiela Resistance, ©atirs open Loop syater ond if ig prePored Fors emalles tnole«s. © Lnqve €quclio= ose - Us skola “But ¢ & t¢ 4 skPse Tm= kikpap-Dg -----@ En = ke ke dp] Scanned with CamScannerae | é a\Pmohene Conhatiat D> Seto Moss -~ Asus. Rg La or TT ay TO) 3 joo 3 oO 2 Sout, C3 wot ; Ss = [long] 8] Sxplainations - On this secuomeles, Awmotese 1S connected to & moles, * @consten} curea} Source rS connected to Fie Qa, QWhestorqve MSseve oped, Tb is poo pertionsl the awmectuxe Ctvre+, 5 Al Features 3~- This is closed loop ays, DIP iS saifeble Fox looqe oelecl meteor, a) The eFRicimey is betes them Fidla con beollect Jc Seworne bos, Mis vsea to inp prove the seasihvily post SF the molev 8) The i They ose widely ysed is preohe contol oved Process control sfndos ry Scanned with CamScanner©] des qwe tauehin = Flux is divechty poopatinel to Fidtd curses, i atonal c | I Se UT Kata | “TL skmdm lg | tT Km ke Jp la beee asmeture cumsah irs not constat.& ah Gme kragy i §] Applicatios oF De Sesuerme S oe = 2a os very high voltog@ powers syskm, de. Seo o moley € Peforeeat , becouse toy opesele move eFFicinly Hen othes acc: Sexi motors, | | | | DItb peeomts Power loss ,coPling psocessia e087, | dec Scouomotoss axe widely Usedin Tobshs , | | boy cans. | ay Widely ysed 1 Tadass, compels, poocess ~ Com tollesa cbc. | => Machine ‘tools — > position fontrol Syston | — aAixcralt Control syskm —> Servo stabil2ers, => Robotics —> Process Controllers. Scanned with CamScannerSTEPPER OoTOR i ‘Sheppes melee tee decsomechenise! Sevicg 'Sleppes motes is else celled os Step mela, | \ | ; kecouse, potes of this moles 1S Setcleg a a Ityeough Pixed onguler slep (> SeSPonse fy oy i |rret cursest pulse seceiucd by its Combreete, | [The Step movemewt moy be ongulor ov |i | een sSteppes moles is well- Suifed fos OPED ~ ey p | | Positios contsol , becouse po Feeot hock ry, | "S Nee | fekes Poors. oofpul sheft, ; | | | Jhese is ene fosrmol ‘ ao fos seleu)obing Shep ony) B| FoF sf i | ePpPesmotos. hie vesoleg By Lette “| Slep ongles p~ S~ Nw) Ne Ny) Xa6o° “Ng = po-oFfeethsall My=no-ofe ethsolt! | *St . | SPP es moles is clao one typeof Sersuo mol | * Steppes moter is a brush Jess che clechic mel” ‘They hove lowe Speed, low fosque thon other det Scanned with CamScannerEE — — ————~—— WN 3 [Types of Steppes Molo = Sleppes metox hog three types i OS follows. | A] Uovioble Reluctance Steppes molox |g Permanes} Mmogne- Sleppes motos Lal Hybsid Steppes mofow JAJ Uorioble Relue ance Sfeppes Matos = 1 The lesm seluctonce ig similov tothe sesislonce OF coll J} igs the OPPesition fo the mog pee Flux cd), Tde Wrs moles this Mme choniem 1a used , So His Mofox is Soid to ke Uovi chia wreluctonce steppey motor. ore! @ Cirewit Diogrom; - : . A Oe - amie . O=96° aes 1 o%.c \ 7 m an \ [ (ey ) jae | Rolot aN AOS 88 Sho fl © mp7 / al LU Stators \ L © Ecploinaliog :- | i ) Vorioble xduchoncemolor i's con ghucled som Fesvo- | Mo gnedic motesiol. 2YSlalox rg mode Prom glock of sfee) lominohong. %) SJolos hos Six poles and th ey ore eqyelly Spacedie A,B, c, 6', @',o', Scanned with CamScanner| | volar poles AY Rolor hag Pour poles, Those (9 nocoil worded on | ® Slep ongle Few uarioble sseluclonce molvs is, ~ Gy 360° 64) = So. S>Tha} moons, voles of moles ‘vololes thwugh 30° al a Infosvol, j-e(o%- 30° ~ 60° Jo"). (@working | | | A A! CT. ON. NX ' |—rerften ref ___ _| | Sere \—| Po ——S2 {if 4] 4- phose Operation: | @ Wher Swilch S, isclosed, phase AA! tsenergied. SPProximeldy S pole iSdevelopedo} gle fy. pole of sj Rolow ies to odjust itsesF minimum weluctonce (betwee stalos ond rotor. Roles sscloles thsough ¢ fullatep jo clockwise disec|ion. Sits Per circviled and Sp i8closed. so otf ) ss | Peete | 8 | sespechvoy, The Robes Is mobetes thyoe ] i , 3h Pusthew Be in cw || Direction , ' O@Vilinwly, sais clesee £ Sais oPercircui fed, ei | ‘olen BUN “Hough Purthes go? Te foto! ong le for {hho gor © FOAMS Wo, cock swi fen Yaclosd a pocceding Ca TS ops ciaculled: Scanned with CamScannerTy phos Opes olian: Osmwbich, hyo sto | beousty, t @ Wher Phoses a 889 B axe Ceo SKPesionces fos \oe Pheses owe excifed simul ta- gied fogjherx , tolos {Ses Fecm both phoses. @ Slolow Pheses eve gy TBAB ere, toch itched mn Sequace AB,R¢c, * Mskovosi i teke Pull Shes of ao® G2 pbese opevetios PBOVIIES quecles holding tooque ont betion Signe le-bock wesponse tren ' 4 pheose OPewchor , 2 dst iS used in medical & | ob outomelroy > onoly 2erg SpHcele Sconners etc. , a> dt is Used phos meey Arepercing Mochineg DIbIS olso vases > prinkees, copice aubomedics , APS ete. IS gh is used in Semicondectos equipmots, | | Oat veqisds high excifatio, | Oar does not achieve mel) okp size wits loge | pe. of poles of toler, \! Scanned with CamScannera Pesmone) Mognet Stepper Mol : In fhis molec, Mognekic Males iol tipen, | i-e. Pewtormognetic solos (S Used, So Hhisis Soig) be perscnonart rmognet moler- \ 20° A | @ di0g yom Me FRO oe | ToT IN | dat | oe Ro = -+{- 8-3 y - / | T | €) constsuction = | ) Stalox hag four polesi-e A,B,C, DB, Dhhese 19 a exciling coi} rswounrded on eoch pel Stalow- i 3 Rotor 19 consist of Ferso mognehtcmotesiol om th ig eylindricel, UY Roles bos boo Poles. These isne coil wounoe Poles of ofox- »> Slep ongle Fos thismotos re colculated ag Follows + Rls = 360° | a | zk. Ez Scanned with CamScanner| “ail Working t= » Sui leh ‘8; igclset, Phose M1/A2'> exciled, So ston will vom Hhsough go? jn sleckwise diseclien, | 2) when 3, 19 closed, Phose Bi Re raexated N pole | is developer of Be S-pole "Ws developed of By go Auvelo mognete athsoch'os bosque ie o}o Pina ( motion sg prcdece? Thesefose wofor will won | praoegh fabthes go® fn cleekWrse ctisection, 8) Bim slorly, whe %% isclesed the phose ¢ cy ig exciled. These fos & yolos will Sep throegh go® ee 270° mew divecho, | whe Sy "2 closed cieur lee, phose |g) ana vllonely, | pppoe 1S exci fed These Fore, tehow WII] won Hoey k ) ib wi > fo 0° , jae ee fF eel ees, | Scanned with CamScannerTV] Limilalvons * OU to a Aiebreatl to Monufoclore gmel) Pea ang Msg nek yvolow with lore number ol poles, © Step sive son ges in bekve es 80° bogg® == Y] Applicaliong = Jab ia Usectin cormpules Printess, plotess of a) dt ts Used in Coxpet FuFting Po Hess Moching DI is serio packaging equipmasts. db is vsec in Som yeyous., tope Recorders, hlathe Static characksisties | Dynamic character sts q WR mohe Tht Pm moter T T ols CEratation cnet) me f po Poll in So Wording tore Scanned with CamScanner9.1 INTRODUCTION @he et characteristics of single phase induction motors are identical to 3-pha: jon 1 except that single phase ind “has no inherent starting torque and some special ar- rangements have tobe made for making it Self starting}it follows that during starting period the ‘single phase induction motor must be converted to a type which is not a single phase induction motor}in the sense in which the term is ordinarily used and it becomes a true single phase induction motor when it is running and after the speed and torque have been raised to a point beyond which the additional device may be dispensed with. “device adds to the cost of the motor and also requires more space. motor is about 30% larger than a corresponding 3-phase motor. 6. For the same output a 1-phase ‘mmf-THe stator winding of fhe single phase motoris disposed in slots around the inner periphery ofa laminated ring similar to the 3-phase motor. a ope ‘Stator winding Fig. 9.1. Elementary single phase 328 Scanned with CamScanner—_ Aninuetion motor with «cage rotor and single phase stator windings shown schematically in Fig. 9.1. The actual stator winding as mentioned earlier is distributed in slots s0 as to produc, an approximately sinusoidal space distribution of mmf. 9.2. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION Gvrrese the rotoris at rest and 1-phase supply is given to stator winding. The current flowing in \e stator winding gives rise to an mmf whose axis is along the winding and itis a pulsating mmf, stationary in space and varying in magnitude, as a function of time, varying from positive ‘maxi- ‘mum to zero to negative maximum and this pulsating mmf induces currents in the short-circuited rotor of the motor which gives rise to an mmf. The currents in the rotor are induced due to transformer action and the direction of the currents is such that the mmf so developed opposes the stator mmf. The axis of the rotor mmf is same as that of the stator mmf. Since the torque developed is proportional to sine of the angle between the two mmf and since the angle is zero, the net torque acting on the rotor is zero and hence the rotor remains stationary, Fig. 9.2. Representation of th pulsating field by space phasors. - These component waves rotate in opposite direction at synchronous speed)The forward: the forward and backward air gap ficlds remained equal when the rotor is revolving, each of tHe component fields would produce a torque-speed characteristic similar to that of a polyphase induetion motor with negligible leakage impedance as shown by the dashed curves f and b ip Fig. 9.3. The resultant. torque-speed characteristic which is the algebraic sum of the two component curves}hows that if the motor were started by auxiliary means it would produce torque in what- ever direction it was started. Scanned with CamScanner(© Perminent-split capacitor motor: In this iotor the auxiliary winding and capaci- aro not disconsiected from the motor after starting, thus the construction is simplified by the ission of the switch as shown in Fig. 9.7 (0). 7 60a (100 Percont of smchronous speed “ o ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Here the auxiliary winding and capacitor could be so designed that the motor works as a 2-phaso niotor at anyone desired load. With this the backward rotating magnetic field be completely eliminated. The double stator frequency torque pulsations would also be ted, thereby the motor starts and runs as a noise free motor. With this there is improve- ment in p£, and efficiency of the motor. However, the starting torque must be sacrificed as the = is necessarily a compromise between the best starting and running characteristics. ‘The forque-speed characteristic of the motor is shown in Fig. 9.7 (0). 47 - Scanned with CamScanner