The Paper Arduino
The Paper Arduino
ARDUINO
CREATED BY:
2323050014
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PREFACE
The author would like to express his gratitude to the presence of God Almighty because with
His mercy and grace, we were able to complete this paper on "Arduino". The purpose of
making this paper is to fulfill the assignment for an English course, although there are many
shortcomings in it, we really hope that this paper can be useful in increasing our insight and
knowledge regarding various aspects of "Arduino". The author hopes for criticism,
suggestions and suggestions to improve the papers we have written in the future,
remembering that nothing is perfect without constructive suggestions.
Hopefully this simple paper can be understood by anyone who reads it. We hope that the
paper that has been prepared can be useful for ourselves and the people who read it. We
apologize in advance if there are any unpleasant wording errors and we ask for constructive
criticism and suggestions.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
PREFACE...........................................................................................................................2
TABLE OF CONTENT.....................................................................................................3
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION......................................................................................4
1.1 Background......................................................................................................4
1.2 Problem Formulation......................................................................................4
1.3 Purpose.............................................................................................................4
CHAPTER II DISCUSSION............................................................................................5
2.1 Definition Arduino...........................................................................................5
2.2 Types Of Arduino.............................................................................................5
2.3 Arduino Parts...................................................................................................8
2.4 Software Arduino.............................................................................................10
2.5 Arduino Features.............................................................................................11
2.6 Arduino Advantages........................................................................................12
2.7 Arduino Disadvantages...................................................................................13
REFERENCE.....................................................................................................................15
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
In this increasingly advanced and modern era, technology is also developing very rapidly
to meet the needs of human life. With technological developments, of course computer
science is also developing. In this case, computer science has a big influence on human
life. This encourages humans to create hardware and software that supports the
development of world technology and computer science to make it easier for users to
communicate with computers. Arduino is an open-source single-board micro controller,
derived from the Wiring platform, designed to facilitate the use of electronics in various
fields. The hardware has an Atmel AVR processor and the software has its own
programming language.
1.3 Purpose
1. To know the meaning of Arduino.
2. To find out the features on Arduino.
3. To learn the advantages of Arduino.
4. To find out the Arduino product specifications
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CHAPTER II
DICUSSION
Arduino is an open-source single-board micro controller, derived from the Wiring platform,
designed to facilitate the use of electronics in various fields. The hardware has an Atmel AVR
processor and the software has its own programming language. Arduino hardware is
programmed using the C/C++ programming language, which has been simplified and
modified. Arduino follows the Wiring programming pattern (syntax and libraries).
Meanwhile, the programming editor (IDE - Integrated Development Environment) was
developed from Processing.
Developed by a team consisting of people from various parts of the world. Core members of
this team: Massimo Banzi Milano, Italy; David Cuartielles Malmoe, Sweden ; Tom Igoe New
York, US ; Gianluca Martino Torino, Italy; David A. Mellis Boston, MA, USA. Arduino
software can be run on Windows, Macintosh OSX, and Linux operating systems. Many other
microcontroller systems can only run on Windows.
Arduino hardware configuration is divided into:
• Block regulator 5 volt and 3.3V
• Minimum standard microcontroller system blocks
• Block pins (analog, digital and power)
• Block ftdi for communication with computer
1. Arduino Uno
Arduino Uno is one of the most widely used, especially for beginners it is highly
recommended to use this Arduino. There are lots of references that discuss Arduino
Uno. The final version, namely Arduino Uno R3 (Revision 3), uses ATMEGA328 as
the microcontroller. Arduino Uno has 14 digital I/O pins and 6 analog input pins. For
programming, just use a USB type A to type B connection, the same as that used on
USB printers.
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2. Arduino Due
The Arduino Due does not use ATMEGA, but instead uses a higher-end ARM Cortex
CPU chip. Has 54 digital I/O pins and 12 analog input pins. For programming, use
micro USB which is usually found on some cellphones.
3. Arduino Mega
Arduino Mega is almost the same as Arduino Uno, both use USB type A to B for
programming. However, Arduino Mega uses a higher chip, namely ATMEGA2560.
Of course, there are more digital I/O pins and analog input pins than the Uno.
4. Arduino Fio
Arduino Fio has a more unique shape, especially the socket. Even though the number
of digital I/O pins and analog inputs is the same as the Arduino Uno and Arduino
Leonardo, the Arduino Fio has an XBee socket. XBee allows Arduino Fio to be used
for wireless-related projects.
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5. Arduino Lylipad
The Arduino Lilypad has a circular shape, so the Arduino Lilypad can be used to
create unique projects. Like making an Ironman amor for example. Only the older
version uses ATMEGA168, but it's still enough to make a cool project. It has 14
digital I/O pins and 6 analog input pins.
6. Arduino Nano
As the name suggests, Arduino Nano is small, very simple and has many facilities. It
is equipped with FTDI for programming via micro USB. Has 14 digital I/O pins and 8
analog input pins (more than Uno). There are also those who use ATMEGA168 or
ATMEGA328.
7. Arduino Mini
Arduino Mini memiliki fasilitas yang sama dengan Arduino Nano. Hanya saja tidak
dilengkapi dengan micro USB untuk pemograman dan memiliki ukuran yang hanya
30 mm x 18 mm.
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2.3 Arduino Parts
Information :
14 Pin Input/Output Digital (0-13)
Functions as input or output, can be regulated by the program. Especially for the 6
pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11, they can also function as analog output pins where the
output voltage can be adjusted. The value of an analog output pin can be programmed
between 0 – 255, which represents a voltage value of 0 – 5V.
USB
Function to :
• Loading programs from the computer onto the board
• Serial communication between the board and the computer
• Provides electrical power to the board
• SV1 connection
Connection or jumper to select the board's power source, whether from an external
source or using USB. This connection is no longer necessary on the latest versions of
Arduino boards because the selection of the external or USB power source is done
automatically.
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Q1 – Kristal (Quartz Crystal Oscillator)
If the microcontroller is considered as a brain, then the crystal is the heart because this
component produces beats that are sent to the microcontroller to carry out an
operation for each beat. This crystal was chosen to beat 16 million times per second
(16MHz).
S1 Reset Button
To reset the board so the program will start again from the beginning. Note that the
reset button is not for deleting programs or clearing the microcontroller.
The ICSP port allows users to program the microcontroller directly, without going
through the bootloader. Generally Arduino users do not do this so ICSP is not really
used even though it is provided.
IC-Microcontroller Atmega
The main components of the Arduino board include CPU, ROM and RAM.
XI-External Resources
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6 Pin Input Analog (0-5)
This pin is very useful for reading the voltage produced by analog sensors, such as
temperature sensors. The program can read the value of an input pin between 0 –
1023, which represents a voltage value of 0 – 5V. Without doing any configuration,
once an Arduino board is removed from the packaging box it can be directly
connected to a computer via a USB cable. Apart from functioning as a connector for
data exchange, this USB cable will also supply a 5 Volt DC current to the Arduino
board so that practically no external power source is needed. When it gets a power
supply, the power indicator LED on the Arduino board will light up indicating that it
is ready to work.
On the Arduino Uno board there is a small LED connected to digital pin number 13.
This LED can be used as an output when a user creates a program and he needs a
marker for the progress of the program. This is a practical way when users are testing.
Generally, the microcontroller on the Arduino board has loaded a small program that
will light the LED to blink in one second intervals.
In connection with the current discussion, the Arduino software that will be used is the driver
and IDE, although there is still some other software that is very useful during Arduino
development. The Arduino IDE is very sophisticated software written using Java.
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The following is an example of the Arduino IDE display
Power supply
• VIN. Input voltage for the Arduino board when not using USB. For example from an
adapter. You can also supply Arduino voltage on the available DC jack.
• 5V. Regulated voltage. This can come from the input voltage at the VIN pin or also from
USB.
• 3V3. The voltage is 3.3 volts produced from the FTDI (USB to TTL) chip. The maximum
current on this pin is 50 mA.
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• LED: 13. Provided LED attached to digital pin 13.
• I2C: 4 (SDA) and 5 (SCL). Supports I2C (TWI – Two Wire Interface) communication
which can be operated using the Wire library.
Additional pins
• AREF: Voltage for analog input. Used by the analogReference() function.
• Reset: If this pin is given a LOW state, it will reset the microcontroller. Usually used to add
a reset button to the shield to make it easier to press the reset button which is covered by the
shield.
• Open Source
Arduino hardware and software are open source. This means that we can make imitations or
clones or boards that are compatible with Arduino boards without having to buy original
boards made in Italy. Even if we make a board that is exactly the original design, we will not
be considered pirating.
• USB connection
The connection from the computer to the Arduino board uses USB, not a serial or parallel
port. So it will be easy to connect Arduino to a PC or laptop that doesn't have a serial/parallel
port.
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• Easier Application Development
With an easier language and a complete basic library, developing electronic applications is
relatively easier. For example, if we want to make a temperature sensor. Just buy a
temperature sensor IC (for example LM35) and connect it to Arduino. If you want to display
the temperature on the LCD, just buy an LCD and add the LCD library to the same program,
and so on.
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CHAPTER III
CLOSING
3.1 Coclusion
3.2 Advise
If you are new to electronics and programming, I recommend starting with the *Arduino
Uno* board. It is the most popular board among the community and is easy to use, versatile,
and easily available everywhere ¹. The Arduino Uno board consists of the core
microcontroller with its supplementary components and the necessary circuitry to
communicate with the PC which we will be using for both communications as well as
programming the microcontroller ¹.
If you are an experienced programmer, Arduino can be used to create complex projects and
systems. There are plenty of board variants available, with an entirely different set of features
like different microcontrollers, layout, number of I/O ports, etc.
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REFERENCE
Banzi, Massimo.2008 “Getting Started with Arduino”. Jhon Wiley & Sons . New York
Brown, Stephen & Zvonko Vranesic. 2005. Fundamental of Digital Logic with VHDL
Design, 4th.. McGraw-Hill.
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