Philips Medical Systems

Mx8000 Quad
Physics File

491-7180-3809 January 2002 Revision H

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The documents are intended for current Philips Medical Systems (Cleveland), Inc. personnel or are licensed to Philips
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Service Publication, Philips Medical Systems (Cleveland) Inc. Highland Hts., OH 44143

© 2002 All right reserved under the copyright laws of the United States
 © 2002

Philips Medical Systems (Cleveland), Inc. Highland Hts. OH 44143

All rights reserved under the copyright laws of the United States
This document prepared by the Service Publications Department.
Note any additions/corrections via an electronic Field Feedback Form.
Physics File Mx8000 Quad

REVISION HISTORY
E.C.O. REV. DATE DESCRIPTION PREPARED BY APPROVED BY
E9913903 0 May 99 New Document Techwrite O. Zahavi
E9913807 A 1-Aug- Update for Techwrite S. Rubinstein
99 Version 1.6
D13000001 B 11-Jan- Update for Techwrite S. Nadler
00 Version 1.611
E13000020 C MAR.00 Update Document D. Braunstein D. Braunstein
Ver. 2.0
E14000001 D OCT.00 UPDATE DOC. D.Elimelech D.Elimelech
E13000059 E NOV.00 Update page S. Nadler
16,17
E13000089 F June. 01 Update to Version D. Braunstein D. Braunstein
2.2
E10000015 G Jan. 02 Logo Change Donny Golden S. Sahar
E13020007 H Jan 02 Update to Version D. Braunstein D. Braunstein
2.21

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Physics File Mx8000 Quad

1. Table of Contents

1. General Scanner Data 1

2. A-Collimator Z-Direction Calibration 2
3. DFS and Axis Calibration 3
4. Fine Adjustment of the Ultra-High Collimator in the X-Direction 5
5. Marker Alignment Test 6
6. Impulse Response Measurement 8
7. Slice Width Measurement 10
8. Phantom Calibrations 12
9. Image Noise (SD) Check 13
10. HCOR Calibration 15
11. Image Quality Check 17
12. System Phantom Calibration and Check 20
Appendix A U-High Resolution Collimator (UHR) Adjustment Instruction 22
Appendix B Default System Parameters 25

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1. General Scanner Data

1.1. General
Scanner S/N______________ DMS S/N________________

System Software Version__________________

Fill in the following table before activating the x-ray.

XRT XRT XRT DATE INITIAL FINAL POWER

MODEL # REV. # SERIAL # INSTALLE SEC SEC SUPPLY #
D

If the XRT or the PS is replaced, describe the reason of replacement in the following
table:

XRT XRT XRT DATE INITIAL FINAL POWER

MODEL # REV. # SERIAL # INSTALLED SEC SEC SUPPLY #

The system was shipped with XRT serial #__________

The tube made ___________ seconds during integration and factory testing.

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1. A-Collimator Z-Direction Calibration

1. In Service, activate the XRT Z-alignment|Calibrate program

to bring the A-collimator to its optimal position relative to the
focal position and to the P-collimator.
2. In Service, activate the XRT Z-alignment|Hardware Check
Z program to check the alignment accuracy functioning of the
PSD sensor responsible for Z-control and related hardware.
Notes:
• The program also checks the parallelism of the A-plane relative to
the P-plane and prompts if there is an error.
• The “TAB” table is updated if the calibration has finished
successfully. The old table remains if an error was detected during
calibration.
• There is no need to switch off the Gantry or to logout.

CHECK  if CALIBRATION PASSED OK

In case of troubleshooting, check the difference between RAW of slice A and D at slice width
4x1mm, RT 0.75 sec scanned in air. The allowed difference is less than ±10%.

Note! For all tests, the Phantom Calibration and Image Balance flags are irrelevant
if not stated otherwise.

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2. DFS and Axis Calibration

1. Perform Air calibration:

― SW 4×5 mm
― All kV
― STD and High Resolution
― All Rotation Times
2. Install the System Aluminum pin approximately 5 cm off-center
(e.g. down).
2. In the Service Menu, select the
XRT-DFS Alignment|Calibration|Select All
|Calibrate all Rotation modes and follow the instructions.
The calibration takes about 40 minutes and is completely
automatic.
3. Check OK if the calibration process ends successfully

CHECK  IF OK

Note! The program calibrates the focal spot position in the X-direction for both
FS1 and FS2 locations (Axis 1 and Axis 2). Calibration is performed in 3
stages:

• Delay (phase) calibration (to synchronize the focal spot toggling

for optimal Amplitude-Spacing calibration)
• Offset calibration (to shift the average Axis position)
• Amplitude calibration (to adjust the Spacing = distance
between the Axes)

If the program reports a problem, exit the calibration and proceed to

XRT-DFS Alignment Diagnostics.
1. Perform a scan with the “problematic” parameters and check the
Axis and Spacing values. Repeat the scan a few times and see if
the values are stable.
2. Perform a second test and change the Amplitude and/or Offset.
If the values are not stable or if they are stable but the Axes
and/or Spacing does not change, there is a hardware problem.

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The nominal Axes and spacing values are shown in the table below.

RESOLUTION AXIS 1 AXIS 2 SPACING

Standard, 337.375 337.875 0.50

High,
Ultra-high

Ultra-fast 337.75 0.0

The tolerances are defined in the automatic program and may change with software
version.

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3. Fine Adjustment of the Ultra-High Collimator in the

X-Direction

Note! The U-High collimator mechanical adjustment is accurate if the High

Resolution Axis Calibration performed previously was accurate.

1. Install the axis pin and reset the table display. Enter the
SERVICE|XRT-DFS Alignment|UHR program and follow the
instructions. The program automatically performs Air
Calibration, scans the pin, displays the Axes value, and indicates
the necessary U-High Resolution collimator movement.
2. Use the micrometer installed on the collimator in order to adjust
the collimator in the X direction relative to the detectors.
See Appendix A U-High Resolution Collimator (UHR)
Adjustment Instruction of the Physics file for instructions on how
to move the collimator.
Enter the final result to the following table:

PARAMETERS ALLOWED AXIS (DET) FINAL AXIS (DET)

Average Axis 337.610–337.640

Spacing 0.480–0.520

Note the shift made (including the sign) to the following table.

THE UHR COLLIMATOR WAS SHIFTED BY ±0.XX

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4. Marker Alignment Test

1.1. Slice Markers Alignment

Perform Air Calibration according to the following protocol:
1. Install the “Marker-Initial Zero” phantom approximately in the
center of the scan circle.
2. Perform a Lateral Surview Scan at 90° and plan a study to
correct the Gantry Tilt. Repeat the Surview Scan at 180° and
correct the phantom Swivel.
3. Perform an Axial scan with the following parameters:

HEAD PROTOCOL

FOV: 250 mm Filter: EB

Slice Thickness: 1mm Matrix: 512 × 512

(Fused 2x0.5)

Scan Time: 0.75 sec Zoom: 1

120 kV, 50 mAs Std. Resolution

All the wires should be visible on the image.

1.
Without moving the phantom, adjust the light markers on the
rotor to fall onto the wires.
2. Move the bed MAX UP and MAX DOWN. The lights should not
shift by more than ± 2 mm while in movement.
3. Rotate the rotor. The lights should form a non-split line and shift
less than ± 1 mm during the full rotation.
If one of the light markers does not comply with the tests above,
replace it.
The allowed misalignment of the light markers is: ± 1 mm for slice markers.
4. Repeat steps 1 to 3 while setting the stator light markers on the
phantom.

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1.2. Symmetry Markers Alignment

1.
Use the image previously made and the grid to check that the
phantom is approximately centered. Adjust the wires to the 3,
12, and 9 o'clock positions on the image. Move the phantom UP
or DOWN and adjust the wires if necessary. Move the bed out so
that the Axial light markers shine on the phantom.
2. Align each symmetry marker to fall onto the respective wire.
Move the phantom back and recheck the alignment.
The allowed misalignment of the markers is: ± 2 mm for symmetry markers.

CHECK  if adjusted within tolerances

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5. Impulse Response Measurement

Perform Air Calibration according to the protocol below.

1. Install the Physics System Phantom. Adjust it in the center of
the Gantry.
2. Perform a Lateral Surview scan and plan an Axial slice in the
middle of the 2 plastic rectangles for slice width measurement to
adjust Tilt so that the phantom axis is perpendicular to the
rotation plane.
3. Type in the protocol name: phys_Impulse_head.proc in the
protocol window of the Patient Data. Perform scan(s) with the
following parameters.

Note! This protocol forces the Image Balance to NO and disregards the flag in
Service Parameters and reduces the CT number approximately in half.

IMPULSE RESPONSE PROTOCOL

FOV: see table Filter: See table

Slice Thickness: 4×1mm Matrix: 1024 × 1024 (or 512 x 512 if

1024 is not available)

Scan Time: 2 sec Center X [mm] = 0

Resolution: See table Center Y [mm] = 0

120 kV, 600 mAs Phantom Calibration=No

Image Balance=No

4. In Misc|Impulse Response, activate the Impulse Response

(IR) measurement program.
5. Retrieve the images from the Archive. Click Cursor on the left
and adjust (move) the cursor approximately on the wire.
6. From the menu, activate Impulse Response|Distance
Measurement and note the measured coordinates X, Y (rounded
to integer). Minimize the Impulse Response viewer.
7. Click * to bring the current protocol on the left and enter the
measured X, Y coordinates in the Recon window. Change the
FOV to 25 mm (zoom = 10). Repeat the scan.

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8. Open the IR viewer and load the last images. Click Cursor on
the left and adjust (move) the cursor approximately on the wire.
9. Click Calculate to activate the Impulse Response
measurement.
10. Enter the results in the following table.

FILTER FOV (mm) RESOLUTION DESIRED I.R MEASURED I.R. AT 50%

(mm) (mm)

SLICE A SLICE C

EB 50 Standard 1.37±0.10
E 25 High 0.64±0.05

E 25 Ultra-High 0.47±0.05

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6. Slice Width Measurement

Definition: Slice Width = Slice Thickness

Perform Air Calibration according to the protocol below.

1. Install the system phantom for Slice Width measurement.
Perform a Lateral Surview scan and plan an Axial slice in the
middle of the 4 rectangles located in the phantom at 12, 3, 6 and
9 o'clock positions to adjust Tilt so that the phantom axis is
perpendicular to the rotation plane.
The CT number of the rectangles should be (130 ± 20) CT at 2.5
mm slice thickness. Adjust the phantom IN or OUT for better
precision.
2. Perform Axial scans with the following parameters:

HEAD PROTOCOL

FOV: 150 mm

Slice Thickness: See table Filter: See table

Scan Time: 1 sec Matrix: 512 × 512

Resolution: See table Phantom Calibration=No

120 kV, 300 mAs Image Balance=No

2. Run the Slice Width measurement program from

Misc|Slice Width. Click Open Archive, select one image for
measurement, and click OK. Click Vertical ROI on the left tool
bar.
3. Move and rotate the ROI to position it symmetrically on the
aluminum strip and parallel to the plastic rectangles. Click Plot
when ready, to view the sensitivity profile and the measurement
result.

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4. Measure both vertical aluminum strips, average the results, and

enter them to the following table.

Note! The discrepancy for the small slice widths between the measured and
nominal values is due to the finite scanner resolution and the measurement
method and the phantom.
For example, the smallest Slice Thickness 0.9 infers the actual value of 0.5
mm.

RESOL./ NOMINAL MEASURED SLICE A SLICE B SLICE C SLICE D

FILTER SW SLICE AVG (mm) AVG (mm) AVG (mm) AVG (mm)
THICKNESS

UHR 2x0.5 0.90±0.20 N/A N/A

E

UHR 4x1 1.15±0.20

E

UHR 4x2.5 2.5±0.25

E

High 4x5 5.0±0.30

D

High 2x8 8.0±0.40 N/A N/A

D

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7. Phantom Calibrations

1. From Service, activate Show Temperature and note the DMS

temperature. Check if the temperature is stable within ±1° for
the last ten minutes.
2. Adjust the Gantry tilt to zero.
2. Install the Head Calibration Phantom. Use the laser light
marker to position it initially on a special white groove.
3. Reset the bed position to zero at this location.
4. Move the bed to MAX down, approximately 3–5 mm from the
covers.
5. From Service, activate the Phantom Calibration|Calibrate
program. Select Head, select 90 and 120 kV, all Slice Width
modes with Air Calibration. Click Head Scan. Follow the
instructions.
6. Repeat the same for the Body Calibration Phantom. Select
Body, select All voltages, all Slice Width modes with Air
Calibration. Click Body Scan. Follow the instructions.

WARNING

WARNING! The Gantry will rotate for two minutes before and between the calibration
modes for temperature stabilization.

7. Back-up the calibrations on the EOD disk.

CHECK  if HEAD CALIBRATION is OK

CHECK  if BODY CALIBRATION is OK

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8. Image Noise (SD) Check

1.
Perform Air Calibration according to the following table.
2.
Scan twice for each mode in the next table using both Phantom
calibration and Image Balance. Use the system phantom and
scan the water layer for Head and the aculon layer for Body.
2. Place a 7,000±500 mm² area ROI at the center of the resulting
Head images and a 14,000±500 mm² area ROI on the Body
images. Enter the STD average value corresponding to two scans
into the following table. Use the single image full screen for
this measurement.
3. Check the image flatness by using a 1,000±200 mm² area ROI in
the center and a sliding 700±100 mm² area ROI to be moved
around but not closer than 1 cm from the “bone”.
The maximum allowed difference between CT value measurements of this
ROI is 4 CT units.
Use the scan parameters according to the following tables:

HEAD PROTOCOL

FOV: 250 mm Filter: EB

Slice Thickness: See table Matrix: 512 × 512

Scan Time: 0.75 sec Phantom Calib-Yes

120 kV, 250 mAs Image Balance-Yes

BODY PROTOCOL

FOV: 350 mm Filter: B

Slice Thickness: See table Matrix: 512 × 512

Scan Time: 0.75 sec Phantom Calib-Yes

140 kV, 300 mAs Image Balance-Yes

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STANDARD DEVIATION (SD) MEASUREMENT TABLE

SCAN PARAMETERS MEASURED SD ×103 ALLOWED SD x 103

H/B kV SW A B C D MINIMUM MAXIMUM

H 120 8 N/A N/A 3.1 3.7

H 120 5 4.0 4.8

H 120 2.5 5.6 6.8

H 120 1 8.8 10.7

H 120 0.5 N/A N/A 13.1 16.5

B 140 5 8.6 10.4

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9. HCOR Calibration

1. Perform Air Calibration for all relevant modes.

2. Scan the Physics System Phantoms—water for Head and aculon
for Body with the following protocols:

HEAD PROTOCOL

FOV: 250 mm Filter: EB

Slice Thickness: 4×5 Matrix: 512 × 512

Scan Time: 0.75 sec Zoom: 1

90 kV and 120 kV, 250 mAs Phantom Calib.-Yes

Image Balance-Yes

BODY PROTOCOL

FOV: 350 mm Filter: B

Slice Thickness: 4×5 Matrix: 512 × 512

Scan Time: 0.75 sec Zoom: 1

90 kV, 120 kV, and 140 kV, 300 mAs Phantom Calib.-Yes

Image Balance-Yes

2. Place a large ROI on the middle of the image for each slice of the
Head phantom and a small ROI on the water insert of the Body
phantom images. Measure the CT number, average all slices and
adjust the average to:
0 ±2 CT in Service|HCOR.
3. Go through all modes in the table below and make necessary
corrections of the scale factors.
If the Measured Factor differs more than allowed (±1.5%) from the default, check
the kV or look for possible wrong filtration: brass filer, wedge, etc.
CT CORRECTION FACTORS, Adult, SW 5

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MODE CURRENT DEFAULT DIFFERENCE FROM DESIRED CT

(SLICE B, FACTOR FACTOR DEFAULT (%)
SW 5 MM)

HEAD

Low kV (90kv) 0.980 0

Medium kV (120kV) 1.050 0

BODY

Low kV (90kv) 1.000 0

Medium kV (120kV) 1.090 0

High kV (140kV) 1.133 0

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10. Image Quality Check

Note! Close all Gantry covers before performing tests. Check that the temperature
regulation of the Gantry and the DMS functions properly. Wait for the
temperature to stabilize within ±2°C.

1. Perform Air Calibration, all modes.

2. In Service|Service Parameters, switch to Phantom
Calibration = Yes, Image Balance= Yes.
2. Use the Physics System Phantom and perform at least 2 scans
for each mode according to the tables below.
Use the scan parameters according to the following tables.
3. Look for possible rings or other artifacts according to the next
table. Enter their CT values in the appropriate places of the
table below.
4. Check the image flatness in row 2 in the following table by using
a 1,000±200 mm² area ROI in the center and a sliding 700±100
mm² area ROI to be moved around but not closer than 1 cm from
the “bone”.

ALLOWED VALUES:
• No rings or bands are allowed on the images
• Flatness Tolerance: X ± 2 CT as measured on centered
phantom and X ± 4 CT on off-centered phantom

Note! “image flatness” ≡ “CT number uniformity”

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SCAN PARAMETERS
CT CT CT CT
ALLOWED
PHANTOM KILOVOLT, SW, RESOLUTION, ROT. TIME,
CT NO.
SL-A SL-B SL-C SL-D
MAS, FILTER

HEAD PROTOCOL, FOV 250 MM, 512 MATRIX, 20 mm UP

Head pins 120 kV, 4x2.5, High, 0.75s, 245 mAs, C ±4

Head pins 120kV, 4x5, STD, 0.75s, 250 mAs, B, with Ultra
±4
Image
Head water 120kV, 2x8, STD, 0.75s, 250 mAs, EB NA NA ±4
Head water 120kV, 4x5, STD, 0.75s, 250 mAs, EB ±4
Head water 120kV, 4x2.5, STD, 0.75s, 250 mAs, EB ±4
Head water 120kV, 4x1, STD, 0.75s, 300 mAs, C ±6
Head water 120kV, 2x0.5, STD, 1.5s, 350 mAs, EB NA NA ±10
Head water 120kV, 4x2.5, U-high, 1.0s, 300 mAs, B ±6
Head pins 120kV, 4x1, U-high, 1.0s, 300 mAs, C ±6
Head pins 120kV, 2x0.5, U-high, 1.5s, 300 mAs, C NA NA ±10
Head water 120kV, 4x5, STD, 0.5s, 250 mAs, EB ±4

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SCAN PARAMETERS
CT CT CT CT
ALLOWED
PHANTOM KILOVOLT, SW, RESOLUTION, ROT. TIME,
CT NO.
SL-A SL-B SL-C SL-D
MAS, FILTER

BODY PROTOCOL, FOV 350 MM, 512 MATRIX, 30 MM UP

Body 120kV, 2x8, STD, 0.75s, 300 mAs, B NA NA ±4

Body 120kV, 4x5, STD, 0.75s, 300 mAs, B ±4

Body 120kV, 4x2.5, STD, 1.0s, 300 mAs, B ±4

Body 140kV, 4x5, STD, 1.5s, 300 mAs, B ±4

Body 120kV, 4x5, STD, 2.0s, 300 mAs, B ±4

Body 120kV, 4x5, STD, 0.5s, 250 mAs, B ±4

Body 90kV, 4x1, STD, 1.0s, 250 mAs, B ±6

Body 140kV, 4x2.5, High, 1.0s, 250 mAs, B ±4

Body 120kV, 4x1, STD, 0.75s, 100 mAs, B ±6

140kV, 4x2.5, U-High, 1.5s, 400 mAs, B, (FOV
Body ±4
250 mm)
120kV, 4x5, STD, 0.75s, 200 mAs, B
Body NA
FOV=500mm, Phantom MAX Down
SURVIEW SCAN, 500 MM LENGTH

Body 120kV, 30 mA, Scan angle 180°, Weight factor D (Check OK) NA

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11. System Phantom Calibration and Check

The following tests are done on the System Phantom supplied with the scanner
aligned in the center. Make sure that the Water CT density is zero on both Head
and Body sections.
Scan according to the protocols below:

HEAD PROTOCOL

FOV: 250 mm Filter: EB

Slice Thickness: 4x5 Matrix: 512 × 512

Scan Time: 0.75 sec Zoom: 1

120 kV, 250 mAs Phantom Calib-Yes

Image Balance-Yes

BODY PROTOCOL

FOV: 350 mm Filter: B

Slice Thickness: 4x5 Matrix: 512 × 512

Scan Time: 0.75 sec Zoom: 1

120 kV or 140 kV, 300 mAs Phantom Calib-Yes

Image Balance-Yes

Use Slice-B and measure the CT numbers of the pins and of the phantom material.
Fill in the Phantom Label and the following table.
Note both the 120 kV and 140 kV measurement values for the Body entry on the
label.

Note! There are fluctuations in the CT numbers between different batches of the
same plastic material. Therefore, the tolerance here is larger than specified
in the Operation Manual. The numbers measured in the field (according to
the manual) are compared with the correct values defined in this test and
noted on the Phantom Label.

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System Phantom CT Calibration Values

PIN MATERIAL DESIRED HEAD BODY

Water 0±4

Polyethylene -75±10 N/A

Nylon (Aculon)

Head 120kV 100±15 N/A

Body 140 kV 100±15 N/A

Body 120 kV 100±15 N/A

Lexan 116±15 N/A

Acrylic (Plexi) 140±15 N/A

Teflon

Head 120kV 1016±50 N/A

Body 140 kV 870±50 N/A

Body 120 kV 890±50 N/A

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Appendix A U-High Resolution Collimator (UHR)

Adjustment Instruction

A.1 U-High Resolution Calibration

1. Install the axis pin 5cm off center in the down direction—couch
height (v=140).
2. Reset the in/out display to ZERO.

Note! Not resetting the in\out display to zero will cause inaccurate output.

2. In the service menu, select Service -->XRT Alignment --

>UHR (Air + Scan).
You are requested to click enable twice.
The program displays the measurements results, and
recommends the required collimator movement (in mm) and the
direction (clockwise or counter-clockwise). Below is an example
of the measurement results as seen on the screen.
3. Write down the information regarding collimator movement (note
the line in the example below "Move Collimator 0.03 mm
Clockwise").

XRT

Alignment of U-High Collimator

The alignment of U-High Collimator not satisfactory

FØ=337.350, F1=337.857 Amplitude 0.507

Avg. Axis=337.604, Delta-Avg=-0.21 (tolerance=0.015) det. units

Move the Collimator 0.03 mm Clockwise

Air+Scan Re-scan Cancel

WARNING

The following adjustment procedure is done while the Gantry front cover is open.
Follow the instructions exactly step by step and comply with all safety precautions for
your own safety.

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4. Move the bed to the maximum out and maximum down position.
5. Remove the pin holder from the bed.
6. Press the stop button on the Gantry. It is important for the
adjustment procedure that the system stays in the stop stage (it
releases the UHR collimator from its locked position).
7. Open the front Gantry cover carefully while observing the mylar
gasket. Remove the gasket and place it aside.
8. Turn the Service Switch S-301 to ZERO position.
9. Manually rotate the gantry rotor in the clockwise direction and
bring the DMS to a 12 o’clock position. See Figure 1.
10. Proceed to Mechanical Adjustment Procedure on page 24.

Figure 1

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A.2 Mechanical Adjustment Procedure

CAUTION

The UHR mechanism is very sensitive. Follow the instructions carefully.

The collimator can be moved clockwise or counter-clockwise as required by the

program.

Figure 2
1. Read the UHR x position with the micrometer as follows:

A. Bring micrometer face to UHR base. Do not apply

excessive force.

Note! One complete turn of the thumbwheel equals 0.5 mm. Each division on the
thumbwheel equals an increment of 0.01 mm.

B. Repeat the reading operation three times, to make sure

you are reading the same measurement. Note the
measurement.
11. Loosen the four M5 screws (see Figure 1).
12. Push the UHR base left to the micrometer face. Make sure there
is no gap between them.
13. While pushing gently the UHR base to the micrometer face,
tighten the M5 screws with an initial moment of 10 Nm.
14. Repeat with a final moment of 20 Nm.

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Mx8000 Quad Physics File

Appendix B Default System Parameters

In Service|Service Parameters the default system parameters are:

Reconstruction Parameters

Phantom Calibration Yes

Image Balance Yes

Slice Normalization Yes

RAW mode PREP

Image Threshold 100

Scan Parameters

Scan with X-ray Yes

CDRH test No

Gantry Rotation Yes

Diagnostic level 0

XRT warm-up 30 %

Z-control Yes

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25