CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
RELATED STUDY
Absenteeism among students has been extensively
researched due to its potential impact on academic performance. Numerous studies
have explored this topic, shedding light on the various aspects of this issue.In
Portugal, Barros and Damásio (2016) examined how class absenteeism affects the
academic performance of undergraduates at a prestigious Economics school, revealing
a significant negative influence on students' final grades. Marx and Paisey (2011)
investigated the causes of non-attendance and its impact on academic performance,
discovering a positive correlation between attending classes and achieving good
academic results.
Absenteeism in schools has a detrimental impact on
students' academic life due to the inability to acquire necessary knowledge. The
consistent absence of students from educational institutions leads to significant
hardships, making absenteeism a prominent issue within academic settings (Salma, H,
Sadia, A.G, Shumaila, M.,2021). This study aims to identify the factors contributing
to absenteeism and assess its influence on students' academic performance. The
findings of the study underscore the existence of three distinct categories of factors
that contribute to student absenteeism. These factors can be attributed to: 1) school-
related variables, such as teachers' attitudes, the school environment, and teaching
methodologies; 2) factors associated with the home, including home practices, the
distance between home and school, and parental attitudes towards students; and 3)
personal factors, encompassing student health issues, levels of interest, and
motivation.
Another study of Messeret Assefa (2019) investigated the
cause of absenteeism and suggest a possible solution to the problem of absenteeism
on students academic and school performance in selected secondary school in Addis
Ababa. The findings revealed that the most prevalent factors contributing to
absenteeism were the lack of relevance between the lectures and students' lives, low
parental education, and negative attitudes towards teachers. These factors
subsequently result in poor academic performance, students drop out, graduating half-
baked students, poor curriculum coverage and loss of interest in learning and it affects
the school image. The study also provides an effective solution to improve students’
attendance such as promoting possible measure to students’ absenteeism, parental
involvement and participation, developing students’ guidance and counseling
program, encourage good communication among the school community, reward
students with regular attendance.
Another study of Education Commission of the States(ECS)
indicate that students missing 10 percent or more of the school year typically struggle
with various barriers to attendance. These barriers include poor health, family and
work responsibilities, limited transportation options and unsafe routes to school,
bullying and other safety issues, homelessness, ineffective school discipline,
undiagnosed disabilities or disengagement from the school system.
RELATED LITERATURE
Absenteeism refers to the frequent absence from classes
without any valid reason.Students do not attend classes resulting inadequate learning
and poor academic performance. Lack of interest, poor teaching strategies,
unfavorable learning environment, excessive socialization, part-time jobs, ill health,
and poor relations with lecturers are the main reasons that link to absenteeism of
students.(Shamin et.al 2017).
According to the study of Khalid.N(2017) absenteeism
negatively impacts students' performance, negatively affecting class participation,
coordination, and GPA. The result of the findings show that there are three main
factors or indicators which are badly affecting by absenteeism i.e. class
participation .coordination of students with teachers and peers and the third is the
Grades of students. They recommended that in order to motivate students to maintain
a high percentage of attendance, policy makers should provide incentives or rewards.
As a result, both the organization's and the students' academic performance can
improve significantly.
The effects of absenteeism on students' academic
performance is crucial due to the extensive issue of absenteeism in educational
institutions and its potential negative impact on students' academic achievement.
Understanding the relationship between absenteeism and academic performance is
important for developing effective interventions to support students' success. The
main focus of this study is to identify the impact of absenteeism on students' academic
performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate into how student absences
affect their academic performance. Numerous studies have examined the effects of
student absenteeism on academic performance; however, there is still a lack of
information and research into the causes that lead to absenteeism and how it affects
students' academic performance directly.
