V.

SC 4
Subject: Veterinary Epidemiology

Q. No. 1 When large number of animals suffering from the same disease and at the
same time, it is called
a. Epidemic
b. Endemic
c. Pandemic
d. Sporadic
Q. No. 2 When a disease is continuously present to a high level, affecting all age
groups equally, it is known as:
a. Hyper endemic
b. Endemic
c. Epidemic
d. Pandemic
Q. No. 3 All the following are example of pandemic except one:
a. COVID 19
b. Bird Flu (H5N1)
c. Hong Kong Flu
d. Nipah Virus infection
Q. No. 4 The terms like epidemic and endemic in medical history were used for the
first time by.
a. Hippocrates
b. John Graunt,
c. Aristole
d. John Snow
Q. No. 5 Who is known as Father of Veterinary Epidemiology?
a. Calwin Schwabe
b. M Kaplan
c. James Steel
d. John Snow
Q. No. 6 The interaction between host, agent, and environment determines the
onset of disease in the population. This association is called as:
a. Epidemiological association
b. Epidemiological triad
c. Epidemiological interface
d. Epidemiological pyramid
Q. No. 7 All the following are example of secondary extrinsic determinants except
a. Nutritional status
b. Vaccination status,
c. Seasonal stress
d. Hormonal status

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 Q. No. 8 All the following are example of secondary intrinsic determinants except
a. Immunological status
b. Vaccination status
c. Functional status
d. Hormonal status
Q. No. 9 Which of the following is primary intrinsic determinant of disease?
a. Sex
b. Breed
c. Age
d. Metabolic disorder
Q. No. 10. All the following are environmental determinants in epidemiology except:
a. Location
b. Climate
c. Husbandry
d. Sex
Q. No. 11. The ecosystem coming from land itself is called-
a. Autochthonous ecosystem
b. Anthropurgic ecosystem
c. Synanthropic ecosystem
d. Terrestrial ecosystem
Q. No. 12. Special position of an organism in its biotic community is called:
a. Niche
b. Biotope
c. Nidus
d. Home range
Q. No. 13. The aggregation of all living species inhabiting an environment is called
a. Biome
b. Biotic community
c. Biotope
d. Food Web
Q. No. 14. When plant, animal, microbe, soil all have evolved a stable, balanced
relationship, it is called:
a. Ecological climax
b. Ecological mosaic
c. Ecological interface
d. Ecological balance
Q. No. 15. Certain animals have a natural restriction to the area over which they
roam. This is known as:
a. Home range
b. Social dominance
c. Territory
d. Sanctuary

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Q. No. 16. Discovery of Kyasanur Forest disease in Karnataka, is an example of:
a. Landscape epidemiology
b. Observational epidemiology
c. Sero-epidemiology
d. Experimental epidemiology
Q. No. 17. Which of the following data element indicates number of truly positive
cases in population?
a. Accuracy
b. Sensitivity
c. Precision
d. Specificity
Q. No. 18. Which of the following denotes number of truly negative in population?
a. Sensitivity
b. Specificity
c. Predictive Value
d. Repeatability
Q. No. 19. Non-experimental cross-sectional investigation of disease is called:
a. Survey
b. Surveillance
c. Study
d. Trial
Q. No. 20. Biasness due to extraneous factor is called.
a. Selection bias
b. Interviewer’s bias
c. Measurement bias
d. Confounding
Q. No. 21. Any systematic error in design, conduct or analysis of a study that renders
the results invalid is called
a. Bias
b. Standard error
c. Standard deviation
d. Finger trouble
Q. No. 22. The ratio of incidence of disease in exposed animals to the incidence in
unexposed animals is called:
a. Relative risk
b. Odds ratio
c. Attributable risk
d. Attributable fraction
Q. No. 23. A population can be surveyed by following methods except
a. Interview
b. Questionnaire
c. Screening test
d. Clinical trial

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Q. No. 24. All the following are examples of biomes except one
a. Tropical
b. Tundra
c. Mesotherm
d. Sonoram
Q. No. 25. A modified patch of vegetation created by man within a biome is called.
a. Ecological climax
b. Ecological mosaic
c. Ecological interface
d. Ecological pyramid
Q. No. 26. Which of the following measure is a snapshot of disease?
a. Incidence
b. Prevalence
c. Death rate
d. Survival rate
Q. No. 27. Examination of aggregate of units in epidemiology is called:
a. Survey
b. Study
c. Monitoring
d. Census
Q. No. 28. Recording event at a particular time is called .
a. Cross sectional survey
b. Longitudinal survey
c. Prospective survey
d. Retrospective survey
Q. No. 29. Following are example of quantitative data except:
a. Incidence
b. Breed
c. Prevalence
d. Body weight
Q. No. 30. Which of the following is incorrect for case-control study?
a. Case comparison study
b. Retrospective study
c. Case-history
d. Incidence
Q. No. 31. An animate or inanimate object in which an infectious pathogen naturally
lives, reproduces and survives is called:
a. Carrier
b. Reservoir
c. Maintenance host
d. Vector

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Q. No. 32. Factors which are associated with definite onset of disease, are called:
a. Predisposing factors
b. Enabling factors
c. Precipitating factors
d. Reinforcing factors
Q. No. 33. Factors which tend to aggravate the presence of a disease, are called:
a. Predisposing factors
b. Enabling factors
c. Precipitating factors
d. Reinforcing factors
Q. No. 34. The host that does not usually transmit an infectious agent to other animals
is called:
a. Amplifier host
b. Incidental host
c. Paratenic host
d. Link host
Q. No. 35. Which of the following animal acts as amplifier host for JE:
a. Pig
b. Mosquitoes
c. Horse
d. Sheep
Q. No. 36. The list of members of study population is called as
a. Sampling unit
b. Sampling frame
c. Sampling fraction
d. Cluster
Q. No. 37. The collection of elementary units grouped according to common
characteristics is called:
a. Sample
b. Cluster
c. Stratum
d. Sampling fraction
Q. No. 38. What variable comes first in a hypothesis:
a. Dependent variable
b. Independent variable
c. Confounding variable
d. Controlled variable
Q. No. 39. Testing of hypothesis is done by using:
a. Observational studies
b. Experimental studies
c. Survey
d. Clinical trial

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Q. No. 40. The term ecosystem was coined by:
a. Charles Elton
b. Sir Arthur G Tansley
c. Evans
d. Oikas
Q. No. 41. The important characteristics of a pathogens that affect the transmission
of infection in a population is/are
a. Virulence
b. Virulence and Stability
c. Virulence and Pathogenecity
d. Virulence, Infectivity and Stability
Q. No. 42. The work of which scientist provided necessary impetus to launch
epidemiology as a modern diagnostic discipline.
a. John Graunt
b. William Farr
c. John Snow
d. James steel
Q. No. 43. A rubbish dump in the vicinity of human dwelling harbouring variety of
vermin, is an example of:
a. Autochthonous ecosystem
b. Anthropurgic ecosystem
c. Synanthropic ecosystem
d. Terrestrial ecosystem
Q. No. 44. Following are examples of Autochthonous ecosystem except:
a. Deserts,
b. Mountains
c. Tropical rain forests
d. Cultivated pastures
Q. No. 45. An area in which reservoir of the diseases predominate is called:
a. Niche
b. Biotope
c. Nidus
d. Home range
Q. No. 46. If one type of Adenovirus infects lungs, then no other virus can infect, this
is called as
a. Intracellular parasitism
b. Extracellular parasitism
c. Epidemiological interference
d. Epidemiological interface

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Q. No. 47. A minimum density of susceptible animals is required to allow a contact
transmitted epidemic to commence. This is defined mathematically by:
a. Reed Frost
b. Kendall
c. Lotka Voltera
d. Elton
Q. No. 48. Some arthropods only transmit infectious agents from one developmental
stage to another. This is called:
a. Transovarian transmission
b. Trans-stadial transmission
c. Congenital transmission
d. Iatrogenic transmission
Q. No. 49. In epidemiological model, a measuring tool which is used most frequently
to record the data is called:
a. Interview
b. Screening test
c. Questionnaire
d. Proforma
Q. No. 50. The infections, which are acquired from hospitals or health care centre,
are called
a. Occupational disease
b. Opportunistic infection
c. Notifiable disease
d. Nosocomial infection
Q. No. 51. A group exposed to a factor is compared with the group not exposed to
factor with respect to development of disease. This is called:
a. Experimental study
b. Cross-sectional study
c. Case-control study
d. Cohort study
Q. No. 52. Biasness due to extraneous factor is called.
a. Selection bias
b. Interviewer’s bias
c. Measurement bias
d. Confounding
Q. No. 53. When the animals selected for study have systemically different
characteristics from the target population, the bias is called.
a. Selection bias
b. Interviewer’s bias
c. Measurement bias
d. Confounding

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Q. No. 54. Misclassification of animals as diseased and non-diseased may result in:
a. Selection bias
b. Interviewer’s bias
c. Measurement bias
d. Confounding
Q. No. 55. Representation of data is done by following method. Which one is less
frequently used?
a. Alpha code
b. Numeric code
c. Alphanumeric code
d. Symbols
Q. No. 56. In which model, data are arranged in a tree like structure?
a. Record model
b. Network model
c. Hierarchic model
d. Relational model
Q. No. 57. Which of the following is a long-term characteristic of diagnostic
technique?
a. Accuracy
b. Refinement
c. Reliability
d. Validity
Q. No. 58. Which of the following are two best indicators of validity?
a. Repeatability and reproducibility
b. Sensitivity and specificity
c. Refinement and precision
d. Accuracy and precision
Q. No. 59. Most important for a test to be good screening test is:
a. Specificity
b. Predictive value
c. Sensitivity
d. Reliability
Q. No. 60. Epidemiological survey of ‘at risk’ is called:
a. Survey
b. Monitoring
c. Screening
d. Surviellance

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 e.a. Epidemic
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Q. No. 2 a. Hyper endemic
Q. No. 3 d. Nipah Virus infection
Q. No. 4 a. Hippocrates
Q. No. 5 a. Calwin Schwabe
Q. No. 6 b. Epidemiological triad
Q. No. 7 d. Hormonal status
Q. No. 8 b. Vaccination status
Q. No. 9 d. Metabolic disorder
Q. No. 10. d. Sex
Q. No. 11. a. Autochthonous ecosystem
Q. No. 12. a. Niche
Q. No. 13. b. Biotic community
Q. No. 14. a. Ecological climax
Q. No. 15. a. Home range
Q. No. 16. a. Landscape epidemiology
Q. No. 17. b. Sensitivity
Q. No. 18. b. Specificity
Q. No. 19. a. Survey
Q. No. 20. d. Confounding
Q. No. 21. a. Bias
Q. No. 22. a. Relative risk
Q. No. 23. d. Clinical trial
Q. No. 24. c. Mesotherm
Q. No. 25. b. Ecological mosaic
Q. No. 26. b. Prevalence
Q. No. 27. a. Survey
Q. No. 28. a. Cross sectional survey
Q. No. 29. b. Breed
Q. No. 30. d. Incidence
Q. No. 31. b. Reservoir
Q. No. 32. c. Precipitating factors
Q. No. 33. d. Reinforcing factors
Q. No. 34. b. Incidental host
Q. No. 35. a. Pig
Q. No. 36. b. Sampling frame
Q. No. 37. c. Stratum

Q. No. 38. b. Independent variable

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Q. No. 46. c. Epidemiological interference
Q. No. 47. b. Kendall
Q. No. 48. b. Trans-stadial transmission
Q. No. 49. c. Questionnaire
Q. No. 50. d. Nosocomial infection
Q. No. 51. d. Cohort study
Q. No. 52. d. Confounding
Q. No. 53. a. Selection bias
Q. No. 54. c. Measurement bias
Q. No. 55. d. Symbols
Q. No. 56. c. Hierarchic model
Q. No. 57. d. Validity
Q. No. 58. b. Sensitivity and specificity
Q. No. 59. c. Sensitivity
Q. No. 60. c. Screening

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