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Big data analysis using bigquery on cloud computing platform

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DOI: 10.34104/ajeit.021.0109

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Big Data Analysis using BigQuery on Cloud Computing Platform

Md. Husen Ali1*, Md. Sarwar Hosain1, and Md. Anwar Hossain1
1
Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology (PUST),
Pabna, Bangladesh.
*Correspondence: [email protected] (Md. Husen Ali, Research Student, Department of Information and
Communication Engineering, PUST, Pabna, Bangladesh).

ABSTRACT
End the age of digitalization, data generated from numerous online and offline sources in every second. The
Data are having a considerable amount of size and several properties termed as Bigdata. It is challenging to
store, manage process, analyze, visualize, and extract useful information from Bigdata using traditional
approaches in local machines. To resolve this cloud computing platform is the solution. Cloud computing
has high-level processing units, storage, and applications that do not depend on user devices' performance.
Many users can access resources and demanded services remotely from the cloud on a pay-as-use basis. That
is why users are not needed to buy and install costly resources locally. Some cloud services providers are
Google, AWS, IBM, and Microsoft, and they have their Bigdata analyzing robust systems and products in a
cost-efficient manner. There are many Cloud Service Providers (CSP's) having different services of Bigdata
analyzing filed. However, we discuss in the paper about an excellent service BigQuery in the Data ware
house product of Google to analyze and represent numerous samples of datasets in real-time for making the
right decisions within a short time.

Keywords: Bigdata, Cloud computing, Services provider of cloud, Google cloud computing, and BigQuery.

1. INTRODUCTION: this case, the cloud platform is a remarkable solution

With the advancement of modern technologies, in to managing and handling Bigdata quickly and
every moment, data are produced through the efficiently within a concise time (Khedekar and
internet, business organization, web applications, Tian, 2020).
networking, artificial intelligence, scientific res- The research's main goal is to analyze a large
earch, and social media very rapidly. Generally, volume of structured or unstructured data defined as
these data types have vast amounts of volume, Bigdata in the Google cloud platform (GCP) using
properties, and categories termed as Bigdata. The BigQuery by SQL commands. BigQuery is a product
significant issues are managing, organizing, of Google that is a wholly overseen, petabyte-scale,
processing, presenting, storing, and analyzing cost-effective for analyzing data in less execution
Bigdata for decision making in future actions time.
(Rahman and Hasibul, 2019).
2. Related Works
Extracting data from multiple sources is challenging
by traditional analyzing approaches because of cost, The researchers did multiple numbers of studies on
infrastructure, high processing units, sophisticated Bigdata analysis in the field of cloud computing.
analysis tools, storages, and robust algorithms. In (Trajanov et al., 2016) conducted a study using
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BigQuery in a platform of cloud computing for Several researchers define Bigdata from a differing
research and educational purposes and recommends point of view. Bigdata may be distinguished by as
only how the platform can be utilized in data 5Vs, i.e., Volume, Variety, Velocity, Veracity, and
analysis. (Tomar and Tomar, 2018) present an Value.
overview of Bigdata and cloud computing
1) Volume: It is a sign of the enormous data sets
integration from two sources, i.e., RedBus and
generated at high-frequency rates
Twitter. This paper only discusses the data analysis
2) Variety: This deals with the various categories
framework and some methods but does not present a
of data, such as structured, semi-structured,
better analysis process in detail.
and unstructured.
(Kotecha and Joshiyara, 2018) present a method of 3) Velocity: This means the processing speed of
managing and handling non-rational data on data at which an application might create data.
BigQuery and calculating the processing time. This 4) Veracity: This means the accuracy, truth-
paper only covers the analysis time with the fulness in the data, also if its authentication.
dataset’s size using Google SDK rather than 5) Value: The remarkable attributes of Bigdata
extracting the taken dataset’s necessary values. that means the ways of finding hidden values
(Harsha, 2017) discuss some important roles and from the datasets instantly (Juneja and Das,
analyzing tools of Bigdata regarding cloud comput- 2016).
ing technology. However, These papers have not Some vital statistics of Bigdata:
represented any analyzing methods of Bigdata in a
clear view. (Bathla, 2018) presents a theoretical 1) In everyday data are adding in the amount
discussion on Bigdata management tools in the cloud over 1 billion through Google queries and
platform rather than analyzing the non-structural sending 294 billion mails
data within a concise time. 2) By a minute, 65,972 Instagram photos are
posted, 448,800 tweets are composed, and 500
(Riahi and Riahi, 2018) discuss the fundamentals of hours' worth of YouTube videos is uploaded.
Bigdata, its challenges, and its applications of it in 3) By 2020, the number of smartphone users
data analytics. The paper covers Hadoop use, an could reach 6.1 billion. Moreover, considering
open-source framework to manage data from diff- the Internet of Things into account, there could
erent sources and analyze it. Our presented papers be 26 billion connected devices by then
highlight cloud-based Bigdata analysis techniques (THORNTECH, 2020).
using the BigQuery service of google without the
infrastructural development and database adminis- 3.1 Categories of Bigdata
trators. BigQuery has the option of SQL commends We can classify Bigdata according to these five
in an easy optionof extraction the useful information aspects (a) data sources, (b) content format, (c) data
from Bigdata in realtime. stores, (d) data staging, and (e) data processing
(Hashem et al., 2015).
3. Bigdata
Nowadays, a large volume of data produced from
several offline and online sources every second.
These data refer to Bigdata. It is difficult to store,
process, and analyze Bigdata through traditional
database technologies. Bigdata is indistinct and
requires substantial processes of classification and
conversion knowledge into new insights. Gartner
defined Bigdata as high volume, high velocity, and a
wide variety of information assets that required new
forms of processing to enable enhanced decision
making; insight discovery also processes optima-
zation" (Harjinder, 2019).
Fig 1: Categories of Bigdata.
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3.2 Bigdata Analytics tenance effort or interference amongst service provi-

Analytics of Bigdata is a methodology used to ders. Five essential characteristics, service models,
investigate epic data sets containing grouped chara- and four deployment models compose this cloud
cteristics of data sorts, such as gigantic data, to model (Pritzker, 2011). Clouds are classified into
uncover every covered model, dark relationship, (Rashid & Chaturvedi, 2019):
promote float, customer tendencies, and other steady 1) Private cloud
business information. These definite results could 2) Public cloud
provoke new pay openings, improved customer 3) Community cloud and
advantage, upgraded operational expertise, and high 4) Hybrid cloud.
grounds over competitor affiliations and distinctive
Cloud deployment models are grouped into:
business reimbursement. Analytics may be cate-
gorized into the following types: a. Data as a Service (DaaS)
b. Software as a Service (SaaS)
1. Descriptive analytics: The most direct class of
c. Platform as a Service (PaaS) and
examination, one that grants you to merge big
d. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
data into humbler, more important pieces of
information. Data as a Service (DaaS) is a paradigm in which data
2. Predictive analytics: The accompanying step- via a cloud-based platform is readily available (Bala-
up in the decrease of information utilizes a chandran and Prasad, 2017). Cloud computing has
grouping of quantifiable, showing, data min- high-level processing units, storages, and appli-
ing, and AI procedures to concentrate later and cations that do not depend on user devices' perfor-
apparent data, allowing specialists to make mance. Many users can access resources and
estimates about what is to come. demanded services remotely from the cloud on a
3. Prescriptive analytics: Generally, it can be pay-as-use basis. That is why users are not needed to
explained as a prescient investigation and need buy and install costly resources locally.
to underwrite a movement so that the business
chief can take this information and act In the digital world, the amount of Bigdata increased
(Memon et al., 2017). very rapidly. It is a significant issue for managing,
processing, storing, and analyzing Bigdata by the
3.3 Bigdata Applications hardware and applications in local machines. We can
Bigdata has many vital applications in the field of resolve the issue by using a cloud computing
technology. Major applications are included below platform. Some cloud services providers are Google,
(Memon et al., 2017). AWS, IBM, and Microsoft, and they have their
Bigdata analyzing grobust systems and products in a
a) The Third Eye-Data idea cost-efficient manner (Islam and Reza, 2019).
b) In Banking However, Google Cloud Computing (GCP) is a
c) In Agriculture com-pletely managed platform that provides
d) In Finance excellent services to business users.
e) In Economy
f) Manufacturing 4.1 Google Cloud Computing (GCP)
g) Bioinformatics, etc. GCP has powerful tools for managing, storing, and
efficiently analyzing Bigdata by reducing money and
4. Cloud Computing
time. BigQuery is a product of Google in Data ware
It is a technology that cans support enormous reso- house that used analyzing and representing
urces by the requirement of users online in large- numerous types of sample data sets in real time for
scale parameters (Harjinder, 2019). Cloud compu- making the right decisions in the case of industries
ting is a paradigm for allowing omnipresent, easy, or business purposes (Saif and Wazir, 2018). Big-
on-demand network access to a common pool of Query, Cloud Dataflow, Cloud Datalab, Google
configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, Cloud Dataproc, Cloud Datalab, Cloud Dataflow,
servers, storage, software, and services) that can be Cloud Pub/Sub, and Google Genomics are the main
easily provisioned and released with minimal main- data analyzing Google services. Among the above
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services, BigQuery is as nerveless, user-friendly time and environmental setup. Besides data in
low-cost Data ware house for analytic (Kumar, different forms and sources, it is not easy to extract
2016). useful information for decision-making. The follow-
ing Fig 4 shows the basic architecture of integration
of Bigdata into cloud computing from multiple
sources (Tomar & Tomar, 2018).

Fig 2: Bigdata Services in Google Cloud Platform.

4.2 BigQuery
BigQuery is the fully controlled data in the cloud
platform. The ware house allows carrying out sub- Fig 4: Integration of Bigdata into Cloud.
stantial economic queries-data amounts at speeds
one would expect from Google. Taking advantage of 5. Case Study
low pricing and Google's world-class scalability and We will focus the studies for Bigdata on google
protection infrastructure provides business insights cloud. We consider this by a problem statement for
with strength (Kotecha and Joshiyara, 2018). Big- the case of dataset 01(ted_main.csv) and dataset 02
Query is a petabyte-scale, one of the fastest data (appstore_games.csv). You can load any dataset of
warehouse solutions for Bigdata analysis. Without the following formats in Google cloud:
infrastructure and database administrator, one can
 CSV
easily query, represent, and analyze Bigdata as
 JSON (newline delimited only)
similar SQL commends by BigQery. Hence, most
 Avro
institutions and business organizations are used,
 ORC
from startups to Fortune 500 companies (Kumar,
 Parquet
2016). Fig 3 shows the data sources that are
integrated into BigQuery (Bussiness2Community, Explanation of the steps:
2020).
1. Firstly, setting up the environment for
BigQuery in Google Cloud -
 Login to Console
 Login to Big Query
 Browsing Publicly available sample
tables
2. Real-life case study-Downloading the
Publicly available data set
 Uploading on Google Big Query
 Result set/ Query E
3. Results of the case study
Fig 3: Bigdata from multiple sources into
 For the case of a public dataset
Google BigQuery.
 For the case of real-time dataset
4.3 Bigdata Integration into Cloud
We create a project on Google Cloud Platform and
Bigdata and cloud computing and are very closely use the service of BigQuery. It is possible to access
interrelated. We cannot think about analyzing of publicly available datasets and queries through
Bigdata in our local machine considering processing structured query language (SQL) to see various
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outputs and data processing speed in BigQuery's dataset, upload it into BigQuery Data ware house
data ware house. and then run a query to find out the result. We take a
1. Accessing publicly available sample data sets sample dataset TED talks collected from
in BigQuery Data ware house: www.kaggle.com in the format of CSV. These
a) Click on product and services datasets provide metadata on all TED Talk audio-
b) Click on a product category of Big- video recordings posted to TED.com's official
Query website until March 2020 (TED, 2020). This dataset
c) Click on bigquery-public-data-sets downloaded has information about all the recordings
2. Browsing publicly available datasets and which were uploaded on YouTube at different times.
running some queries with the query editor. TED stands for "Technology, Entertainment, and
3. After clicking on the tables, for example, Wiki- Design" as a media company that publishes free
pedia and natality, one can see metadata about dissemination talks online under the slogan "ideas
the table. Metadata represents information worth spreading" (WIKIPEDIA, 2020).
about data. In Fig 5 and Fig 6, column details Problem Statement: The main target is to find the
can be seen about a Wikipedia table and the top 2000 topics from Ted Talks for dataset 01
natality table. The tables can be queried by (ted_main.csv) at YouTube having maximum views
clicking the 'Query Table' button on the top of all time from dataset downloaded and find top
right in the web console. 1500 games at App Store counting maximum user
rating from for data set 02 (appstore_games.csv). For
the solution, the problem statement, we used datasets
from external and internal sources.

Dataset 01 termed as ted_main.csv from

www.kaggle.com and Dataset 02 termed as app
store_games.csv from Google drive.
URL:https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p2FjJTGMkM
mCluhVu0xDchfKUVLIPgnb/view?usp=sharing
Using BigQuery in Data ware house and the
following steps were performed to achieve the
desired result for the case of data set 01
Fig 5: Sample dataset of Wikipedia on BigQuery. (ted_main.csv).

1. Finding the Datasets

After some research on google, a website named
www.kaggle.com was found to have multiple
publicly available datasets. There are two steps
needed for dataset download: login to
www.kaggle.com by an email id and password.
Following the URL, a CSV file with all Ted Main
Dataset records was downloaded on the local
computer. https://www.kaggle.com/rounakbanik/ted-
talks.
2. Need to upload the set of data to BigQuery
Fig 6: Sample dataset of natality on BigQuery. Data ware house
In the following section, data sets of Wikipedia and a) Logging into BigQuery on the below
natality are taken that are publicly available. Data URL:https://bigquery.cloud.google.com/da
sets are uploaded to BigQuery Data ware house, and taset/bigquery-256708:BigData_on_cloud
then queries are executed to display the above b) Creating new datasets in BigQuery
results. This section aims to find a publicly available
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After logging into BigQuery, clicked on the new

project (Fig 7). It can be seen that the drop-down
menu from 'creative projects' highlights a few
options, and the first option is to create a new
dataset. The creation of a dataset is a process to
upload data on BigQuery Data ware house.

Fig 9: Adding the name of the table.

3. Querying table in the editor

The table is ready for query and finding the top 2000
topics viewed by maximum count. This is achieved
as per the below query in Fig 11. Fig 10 shows a
preview of the taken dataset.

Fig 7: Process to create a new dataset.

For Dataset: 01 ted_main.csv

In Fig 8, more details are added for table creation
based on available source data, i.e., CSV file termed
as ted_main.csv is uploaded from the local com-
puter. In the next row, after setting the table name,
click on the table button on the top area of the page
is clicked to create the table in BigQuery Data ware
house. Following the above steps data set exists on
BigQuery. The next step is to upload data sources on
BigQuery Data ware house. Fig 10: Preview of table details for data set 01.

In Fig 9, the file path is given, which was The final result for Dataset 01: Click query table
downloaded from www.kaggle.com. as per Fig10, and writing below SQL query resulted
in needed output for finding out the top 2000 topics
in the TED event on dataset 01 ted_main.cvs has
maximum user rating.

Fig 8: Uploading file to BigQuery Data ware house.

In this Fig 8, the table name is added, used for

Fig 11: Displays the results after writing SQL query
querying the data.
in query editor on Dataset 01.
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Fig 14: Displays the results after writing SQL query

in Query editor on Dataset 02.

Fig 12: Name vs. views of the data on uploaded data

set 01.

For Dataset: 02 appstore_games.csv

This dataset termed appstore_games.csvis taken
from Google drive by sharing the link because of
uploading issues. For the case study, the dataset was
taken from Google drive firstly. Linking by the URL
to as shown the Fig 12, the table was created.
Created table details are presented in the Fig 13 and
Fig 14. Moreover, finally, the query table is ready as
Fig 14.
Fig 15: Name vs. Views of the data on Created Data
set 02.

6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

This study highlights how easy it is to start the
analytics of Bigdata in the field of the cloud.
Datasets may be collected from various sources. In
our study, data samples are taken from the publicly
available datasets on the website www.kaggle.com.
The data sets of CSV formed tonate as ted_main was
and app store_games. During the upload process of
the CSV file, a table is created in BigQuery's Data
ware house. Finally, for the dataset ted_main, a SQL
query displayed the top 2000 topics' results with
maximum view count.
Fig 13: Uploading data set 02 from Google drive.
Moreover, for the dataset appstore_games, a SQL
query displayed the top 1500 games' results, coun-
The final result for Dataset 02: Click query table
ting maximum user ratings. In both cases, after
as per Fig 14, and writing below SQL query resulted
querying the data, we saved it to Google sheets for
in needed output for finding out the top 1500 topics
the graphical presentation from where we easily
in the TED event on data set 02 appstore_games.cvs
observe the query result within the defined para-
having maximum user rating.
meters. It is observed from the study on the cloud
platform that it is relatively quick and easy. The

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main analyzing product of Google BigQuery is used me and giving me the proper support to complete the
here to have its smooth managing and handling research work.
capability. The outcome of this study is analyzing
9. CONFLICTS OF INTEREST:
Bigdata (structured, semi-structured, and non-
structured) in a real-life scenario. Data from several The authors declare that they do not have competing
sources are processed and represented cost- interests regarding the publication of the paper.
effectively without infrastructure development and
10. REFERENCES:
database administrators.
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Citation: Ali MH, Hosain MS, and Hossain MA. (2021). Big data analysis using bigquery on cloud
computing platform, Aust. J. Eng. Innov. Technol., 3(1), 1-9.
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