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Geometry 1

1. The document contains definitions and properties related to triangles including: medians, isosceles triangles, right triangles, axes of symmetry, relationships between angles and sides. 2. Key points include: the median of a triangle divides each median in a 1:2 ratio from the base; in a right triangle the median from the right angle is half the hypotenuse; an isosceles triangle has one axis of symmetry; the angles of an equilateral triangle are all congruent. 3. Problems involve applying properties such as: finding missing angles or sides in triangles using relationships like the hypotenuse of a right triangle being the longest side or two angles of an isosceles triangle being

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bifah40275
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30 views

Geometry 1

1. The document contains definitions and properties related to triangles including: medians, isosceles triangles, right triangles, axes of symmetry, relationships between angles and sides. 2. Key points include: the median of a triangle divides each median in a 1:2 ratio from the base; in a right triangle the median from the right angle is half the hypotenuse; an isosceles triangle has one axis of symmetry; the angles of an equilateral triangle are all congruent. 3. Problems involve applying properties such as: finding missing angles or sides in triangles using relationships like the hypotenuse of a right triangle being the longest side or two angles of an isosceles triangle being

Uploaded by

bifah40275
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Prep.

2 - Geometry Final revision - 2023 1

 The point of concurrence of the medians of the  The median of an isosceles


triangle divides each median in the ratio 1 : 2 from triangle from the vertex angle
its base ( 2 : 1 from the vertex.) bisects it and is perpendicular to
the base.
1
MD = MA , MA = 2 MD
2
 The bisector of the vertex angle of an isosceles
1 2
MD = AD , MA = AD triangle bisects the base and is perpendicular to it.
3 3

 In the right-angled triangle, the length of the  The straight line drawn passing through the
median from the vertex of the right angle equals half vertex angle of an isosceles triangle perpendicular
to the base bisects each of the base and the vertex angle.
the length of the hypotenuse.
  B= 90°  Axis of symmetry of a line
 BD is a median segmentThe straight line perpendicular
1 to a line segment at its middle
 DB = AC
2
 Any point on the axis of symmetry
 If the length of the median drawn from a vertex of a line segment is at equal distances
of a triangle equals half the length of the opposite from its terminals (end points).
side to this vertex, then the angle at this vertex is
right angle  The isosceles triangle has one axis of symmetry.
1  The equilateral triangle has 3 axes of symmetry.
 DB = AC
2  The scalene triangle has no axis of symmetry..
 BD is a median
  B= 90°  In a triangle, if two sides have unequal lengths,
the longer side is opposite to the greatest angle.

 The length of the side opposite to the angle of


measure 30° in the right-angled triangle equals half  In a triangle, if two angles
the length of the hypotenuse. are unequal in measure, then the greater angle in
  B= 90° measure is opposite to the greatest side.
  C = 30°
1  In the right-angled triangle, the hypotenuse is the
 AB = AC
2
longest side.
 The base angles of the isosceles  In any triangle, the sum of the lengths of any two
triangle are congruent. sides is greater than the length of the third side.
AB + BC > AC

 If two angles of a triangle are congruent, then the


two sides opposite to these two angles are  Finding the length of the third side
congruent and the triangle is isosceles. AC - AB < CB < AC + AB
Difference < Third side < sum
 If the angles of a triangle are congruent, then the
triangle is equilateral.  In Δ ABC which is right-angled at A:
(AC)2 = (AB)2 + (BC)2
 The isosceles triangle in which the measure of (AB)2 = (AC)2 – (BC)2
one of its angles = 60° is an equilateral Δ. (BC)2 =(AC)2 – (AB)2
1) Choose the correct answer: 2
a) Number of axes of symmetry of the equilateral triangle = ------------- ( 1 - 2 - 3 -4 )
b) The base angles of the isosceles triangle are --------------
(Congruent - alternate - corresponding -supplementary)
c) The length of the side opposite to the angle whose measure is 30° in the right-angled triangle = -----------
the length of the hypotenuse.( quarter - half - third – twice )
d) In the triangle ABC if m (  B) = 90° , then the greatest side in length is -------( AB - BC - AC - XY )
e) In the triangle ABC , if BC = 9 cm. , AB = 7 cm , then m (  C) --------------- m (  A)(= - > -< )
f) If the length of one side of a triangle is 5 cm. , then which of the following could be the lengths of the
other two sides ( 2 cm , 3 cm- 7 cm, 2 cm - 2 cm, 2 cm- 4 cm , 6 cm)
g) In the right-angled triangle, the length of the median drawn from the vertex of the right angle equals -------
-------- the length of the hypotenuse.( third-half - twice – quarter)

2 Proof
∵X ,Yare midpoints of ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
AB , BC
∴ ̅̅̅̅̅
AYandXC ̅̅̅̅are two medians
∵AC=14cm ∴XY=½×14= 7cm
∵XC=15cm ∴XM=⅓×15=5cm
∵AM=6cm ∴YM=½×6=3cm
∴ Per. of ΔMXY=7+5+3=15cm

Proof In ΔABD
∵ AB>AD
3 In the opposite figure : ∴ ∠ADB >  ABD(1)
In ΔCBD
∵ BC>CD
Prove that ∠ADC > ∠ABC
∴ ∠CDB >∠CBD (2)
By add (1) , (2) ∴ ∠ ADC >∠ABC

4) Complete each of the following:


a) The medians of any triangle intersect at -----------
b) Any point on the axis of the line segment is ------------------------------------ from its terminals.
c) The length of the median from the vertex of the right-angled triangle equals -------------
d) In any triangle , if two angles are unequal in measure , then the greater angle in measure is opposite to ----
e) The length of the hypotenuse in thirty and sixty triangle equals ……….the length of the side opposite the
angle whose measure is 30°.
f) The measure of the exterior angle of the equilateral triangle = ------------
g) In a triangle, if two sides have unequal lengths, then the longer side is opposite to------------
h) The intersection point of the medians of a triangle divides each median in the ratio----------from the vertex.
i) The length of the side opposite to the angle 30° in a right- triangle=-------- the length of the hypotenuse.
j) ABC is an isosceles triangle in which m (  A) = 120° , then m (  C) = --------------- °
k) The triangle whose sides are (2x-1) cm, (x+3)cm , 7cm becomes an equilateral Δ when x = -------cm.
l) In Δ XYZ , if m(∠Y) = 90° , m (∠ X) = 30° and XZ = ……. ZY

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