O Level

Chemistry Paper-1
Topical Unsolved MCQ's With Key
(2002-2017)
Article#227
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Title Chemistry O-Level P-1 Topical Unsolved (Article#227)

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 CONTENTS
UNIT 1 EXPERIMENTAL CHEMISTRY ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
1.1 Experimental design ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
1.2 Methods of purification and analysis ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 9
1.3 Identification of ions and gases ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
1.4 Multiple topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 29
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 31

UNIT 2 THE PARTICULATE NATURE OF MATTER -------------------------------------------------------- 32

2.1 Kinetic particle theory ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
2.2 Atomic structure ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40
2.3 Structure and properties of materials ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 47
2.4 Ionic bonding ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 51
2.5 Covalent bonding ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 54
2.6 Multiple topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 60
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66

UNIT 3 FORMULAE, STOICHIOMETRY AND THE MOLE CONCEPT ----------------------------------- 67

3.1 Chemical formulas ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 67
3.2 Calculation of AR or MR --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 70
3.3 Stoichiometry ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 74
3.4 Types of reactions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 81
3.5 Multiple topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 84
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85

UNIT 4 ELECTROLYSIS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 86

4.1 Electrolysis of binary compounds --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 86
4.2 Simple cells --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 102
4.3 Multiple topics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 104
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 107

UNIT 5 ENERGY FROM CHEMICALS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 108

5.1 Definition of Exo & Endothermic Reactions -------------------------------------------------------------- 108
5.2 Fractional distillation of crude oil & photosynthesis ---------------------------------------------------- 118
5.3 Multiple topics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 121
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 122

UNIT 6 CHEMICAL REACTIONS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 123

6.1 Speed of reaction ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 123
6.2 Redox -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 133
6.3 Reversible reactions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 141
6.4 Multiple topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 145
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 146

UNIT 7 THE CHEMISTRY OF ACIDS BASES AND SALTS --------------------------------------------- 147

7.1 The characteristic properties of acids and bases --------------------------------------------- 147
7.2 PH -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 151
7.3 Nature of oxide or classification of oxide ------------------------------------------------------------------- 154
7.4 Preparation of salts ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 157
 7.5 Properties and uses of ammonia ------------------------------------------------------------------- 162
7.6 Sulphuric acid ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 166
7.7 Multiple topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 170
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 173

UNIT 8 THE PERIODIC TABLE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 174

8.1 Periodic trends ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 174
8.2 Group properties ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 177
8.3 Transition elements ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 185
8.4 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 189
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 191

UNIT 9 METALS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 192

9.1 Properties of metals ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 192
9.2 Reactivity series ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 196
9.3 Extraction of metals ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 204
9.4 Iron -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 206
9.5 Aluminium --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 212
9.6 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 216
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 220

UNIT 10 ATMOSPHERE AND ENVIRONMENT ------------------------------------------------------------------ 221

10.1 Air -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 221
10.2 Water -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 227
10.3 Multiple Topics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 230
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 231

UNIT 11 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 232

11.1 Alkanes --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 232
11.2 Alkenes --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 240
11.3 Alcohols --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 247
11.4 Carboxylic --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 253
11.5 Macromolecules ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 261
11.6 Multiple Topics --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 271
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 275
Past Paper -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 276
May/June 2017 Paper 12 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 276
Answers Section ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 287
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.1 Experimental Design

Unit 1: Experimental Chemistry

1.1 Experimental design

1. O/N 16/P11/Q17
A student investigates how the concentration of a reagent affects the rate of a chemical reaction.
Which piece of apparatus is essential for all rate investigations?
A balance B gas syringe C measuring cylinder D stopwatch

2. O/N 16/P12/Q2
When calcium carbonate is added to dilute hydrochloric acid, carbon dioxide gas is released.
Three sets of apparatus are shown.

Which sets of apparatus are suitable, together with a stopwatch, for following the rate of this reaction?
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 2 only D 2 and 3 only

3. M/J 16/P12/Q2
A student plans two experiments.
experiment 1 find the concentration of a solution of sodium hydroxide by titration with dilute
hydrochloric acid
experiment 2 find the rate of the reaction between pieces of calcium carbonate and dilute
hydrochloric acid by measuring the volume of gas given off every minute
A flask is provided.
Which other apparatus is needed?
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.1 Experimental Design

4. M/J 15/P12/Q2
The concentration of aqueous sodium carbonate can be found by reaction with hydrochloric acid of known concentration
using the indicator methyl orange.
Which items of equipment are needed?
A burette, measuring cylinder, gas syringe C burette, pipette, conical flask
B burette, measuring cylinder, thermometer D burette, pipette, stopwatch

5. M/J 14/P11/Q3
Ethylamine gas, C2H5NH2, and hydrogen chloride gas, HCl, react together to form a white solid, ethylamine
hydrochloride. At which position in the tube would a ring of solid white ethylamine hydrochloride form?

6. O/N 13/P12/Q4, O/N 13/P11/Q4

The apparatus shown is used to distil a dilute solution of ethanol in water.
[B.P.: ethanol, 78 oC; water 100 oC]

Which graph shows the change in concentration of the ethanol in the boiling flask as the distillation proceeds?

A C

B D
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.1 Experimental Design

7. O/N 13/P11/Q3
A student wanted to follow how the rate of the reaction of sodium sulfite with acid varies with time. The reaction produces
gaseous sulfur dioxide.
Which apparatus is not suitable?

A C

B D

8. M/J 15/P12/Q7, O/N 11/P12/Q1, O/N 11/P11/Q3, M/J 08/P1/Q1,

Oxygen was prepared from hydrogen peroxide, with manganese(IV) oxide as catalyst. The oxygen was collected as
shown in the diagram.
2H2O2  2H2O + O2

The first few tubes of gas were rejected because the gas was contaminated by
A hydrogen. B hydrogen peroxide. C nitrogen. D water vapour.

9. O/N 05/P1/Q3
The coverplate is removed from the gas jars shown in the diagram. After several days, the colour of the gas is the same
in both jars.

Which statement explains this change?

A Oxygen and bromine gases have equal densities.
B Oxygen and bromine molecules are in random motion.
C Oxygen and bromine molecules diffuse at the same rate.
D Equal volumes of oxygen and bromine contain equal numbers of molecules.
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.1 Experimental Design

10. M/J 10/P12/Q15, M/J 10/P11/Q13

A student performs two reactions.
reaction 1 10g of magnesium ribbon with excess 2.0 mol/dm3 dilute hydrochloric acid
reaction 2 5g of magnesium powder with excess 2.0 mol/dm3 dilute hydrochloric acid
In both experiments, the volume of hydrogen produced, V, is measured against time, t, and the results plotted
graphically. Which set of graphs is correct?

A C

B D

11. M/J 10/P12/Q1, M/J 07/P1/Q4, M/J 10/P11/Q3

The diagram shows a simple laboratory apparatus for the preparation and collection of a dry gas.

What is the gas?

A carbon dioxide B chlorine C hydrogen D hydrogen chloride

12. M/J 04/P1/Q1

Aqueous hydrogen peroxide undergoes catalytic decomposition as shown in the equation below.
2H2O2(aq)  2H2O(l) + O2(g)
The diagram shows part of the apparatus used to measure the rate of decomposition.

Which piece of apparatus is connected at position X?

A burette B gas syringe C measuring cylinder D pipette
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.1 Experimental Design

13. M/J 09/P1/Q3

The oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid is often carried out in the apparatus shown.

What is the purpose of the condenser?

A to prevent air reacting with the ethanoic acid
B to prevent any ethanol from escaping
C to prevent the ethanoic acid changing back to ethanol
D to prevent the ethanoic acid reacting with the ethanol

14. O/N 04/P1/Q3

A liquid boils at a temperature of 100 oC.
Which other property of the liquid proves that it is pure water?
A It does not leave a residue when boiled.
B It freezes at 0 oC.
C It is neither acidic nor alkaline.
D It turns white anhydrous copper(II) sulphate blue.

15. M/J 03/P1/Q2

A gas Y, is less dense than air, very soluble in water and is an alkali.
Which method is used to collect a dry sample of the gas?

A C

D
B
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.1 Experimental Design

16. M/J 04/P1/Q25

Which method of preparation of a pure salt solution requires the use of a pipette and burette?
A BaCl2(aq) + H2SO4(aq)  BaSO4(s) + 2HCl (aq)
B CuO(s) + 2HCl (aq)  CuCl2(aq) + H2O(l)
C KOH(aq) + HCl (aq)  KCl (aq) + H2O(l)
D MgCO3(s) + H2SO4(aq)  MgSO4(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

17. O/N 03/P1/Q2

A gas, X, is less dense than air and insoluble in water. Which method cannot be used to collect the gas?

A
C

D
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.2 Methods of Purification and Analysis

1.2 Methods of purification and analysis

18. O/N 16/P11/Q3

A paper chromatography experiment is carried out to find an Rf value for Fe3+(aq). The result is shown.

To make the spot containing Fe3+(aq) more visible, the paper is sprayed with aqueous sodium hydroxide so that a
precipitate of iron(III) hydroxide forms.
Under the conditions of the experiment, the Rf of Fe3+(aq) is given by ......1...... and the colour of the precipitate is
......2......
Which row correctly completes gaps 1 and 2?

19. O/N 16/P12/Q4

Benzene and cyclohexane are both flammable liquids. They are able to mix with each other without separating into two
layers. They have very similar boiling points. It is difficult to separate a mixture of these two liquids by fractional
distillation.
Why is it difficult to separate a mixture of benzene and cyclohexane by fractional distillation?
A They are both flammable.
B They are both liquids.
C They have very similar boiling points.
D They mix with each other completely.

20. O/N 15/P12/Q2, O/N 15/P11/Q3, O/N 11/P12/Q3, O/N 11/P11/Q1

In a titration between an acid (in the burette) and an alkali, you may need to re-use the same titration flask.
Which is the best procedure for rinsing the flask?
A Rinse with distilled water and then with the alkali.
B Rinse with tap water and then with distilled water.
C Rinse with tap water and then with the acid.
D Rinse with the alkali.
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.2 Methods of Purification and Analysis

21. O/N 15/P12/Q1

The diagram shows the fractional distillation of an aqueous solution of ethanol.

Which statement explains why ethanol is collected as the distillate?

A Ethanol has a higher boiling point than water.
B Ethanol has a higher melting point than water.
C Ethanol has a lower boiling point than water.
D Ethanol has a lower melting point than water.

22. M/J 15/P12/Q1, M/J 15/P11/Q1, O/N 10/P12/Q3, O/N 10/P11/Q5

The fractional distillation apparatus shown is being used to separate a mixture of two liquids. A thermometer is missing
from the apparatus.
Where should the bulb of the thermometer be placed?
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.2 Methods of Purification and Analysis

23. O/N 14/P12/Q2

Solutions of lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide are mixed together in the preparation of lead(II) iodide.
Which method can be used to separate the lead(II) iodide from the mixture?
A crystallisation B distillation C evaporation D filtration

24. O/N 14/P11/Q3

What is the correct sequence for obtaining pure salt from a mixture of sand and salt?
A add water, evaporate C add water, filter, evaporate
B add water, filter D filter, add water, evaporate

25. O/N 14/P11/Q1

Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid, producing carbon dioxide gas.
CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq)  CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
The rate of this reaction can be measured using the apparatus shown.

Which additional piece of apparatus is also required?

A a burette B a clock C a gas syringe D a thermometer

26. M/J 14/P12/Q1

Which process is suitable for obtaining the water from an aqueous solution of sugar?
A crystallisation C filtration
B distillation D use of a separating funnel

27. O/N 13/P12/Q12

Which process will separate an ionic compound PQ into its elements P and Q?
A distillation B electrolysis C filtration D precipitation

28. M/J 13/P12/Q2

Which process involves boiling a liquid and condensing the vapour?
A crystallisation B distillation C evaporation D filtration

29. M/J 13/P12/Q1

Which mixture could best be separated by using a separating funnel?
A oil and sand C sodium chloride and sand
B oil and water D sodium chloride and water

30. M/J 13/P11/Q1

In which method of separation are Rf values used?
A chromatography C filtration
B crystallisation D fractional distillation

31. O/N 12/P11/Q1

It is suspected that a lollipop contains traces of a poisonous green dye (boiling point 73 C) as well as two harmless
orange and red dyes (boiling points 69 C and 73 C respectively).
What is the best method by which the green dye may be detected?
A filtration C paper chromatography
B fractional distillation D recrystallisation
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.2 Methods of Purification and Analysis

32. M/J 13/P12/Q28

Gas Z is to be separated from a mixture of gases X, Y and Z by the apparatus shown in the diagram.

For which mixture will this system work successfully?

33. O/N 12/P12/Q3, O/N 12/P11/Q5

Hydrogen chloride is very soluble in water, whereas chlorine is only slightly soluble in water.
Both gases can be dried using concentrated sulfuric acid.
Which diagram represents the correct method of obtaining pure dry chlorine from damp chlorine containing a small
amount of hydrogen chloride?

A C

B D

34. M/J 12/P12/Q5, O/N 09/P1/Q3

Which reagent could be used to distinguish between dilute nitric acid and dilute hydrochloric acid?
A aqueous barium chloride C aqueous sodium hydroxide
B aqueous silver nitrate D copper(II) carbonate
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.2 Methods of Purification and Analysis

35. M/J 12/P12/Q4, M/J 12/P11/Q2

A mixture of two substances is spotted onto a piece of chromatography paper.
The paper is inserted into a beaker containing a liquid.

For separation of the substances to occur the spot of mixture must

A be placed so that the spot is just below the level of the liquid.
B be soluble in the liquid.
C contain substances of the same Rf values.
D contain substances that are coloured.

36. M/J 12/P12/Q3

When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a white powder a gas is produced.
The solution remaining is tested separately with small volumes of both aqueous ammonia and aqueous sodium
hydroxide.
A white precipitate is produced in both tests.
What is the white powder?
A aluminium oxide C copper(II) carbonate
B calcium oxide D zinc carbonate

37. O/N 11/P12/Q7, O/N 11/P11/Q5

How many of the molecules shown contain only one covalent bond?
Cl2 H2 HCl N2 O2
A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5

38. O/N 11/P12/Q6, O/N 11/P11/Q4

Radium (Ra) is in the same group of the Periodic Table as magnesium.
What is the charge on a radium ion?
A 2– B 1– C 1+ D 2+

39. O/N 10/P12/Q6, O/N 10/P11/Q3

The diagram shows apparatus used to obtain carbon monoxide.

What is the main purpose of Y?

A to dry the gas
B to prevent water being sucked back on to the hot carbon
C to remove carbon dioxide from the gas
D to remove hydrogen chloride from the gas
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.2 Methods of Purification and Analysis

40. M/J 11/P12/Q2, M/J 11/P11/Q2

Copper(II) sulfate crystals are separated from sand using the four processes listed below.
In which order are these processes used?

41. M/J 10/P12/Q28, M/J 04/P1/Q19, O/N 07/P1/Q28, M/J 10/P11/Q32

The diagram shows apparatus for measuring the volume of hydrogen given off when an excess of dilute hydrochloric acid
is added to powdered metal. The volume of gas is measured at room temperature and pressure.

The experiment is carried out three times, using the same mass of powder each time but with different powders:
• pure magnesium
• pure zinc
• a mixture of magnesium and zinc
Which powder gives the greatest volume of hydrogen and which the least volume?

42. M/J 10/P12/Q2, O/N 07/P1/Q5, M/J 10/P11/Q2

What correctly describes the molecules in very dilute sugar solution at room temperature?
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.2 Methods of Purification and Analysis

43. M/J 10/P12/Q3, M/J 10/P11/Q4

A mixture containing equal volumes of two liquids that mix completely but do not react together is placed in the apparatus
shown and heated until the thermometer first shows a steady reading. At which position will there be the highest
proportion of the liquid with the higher boiling point?

44. M/J 09/P1/Q2

The diagram shows a chromatogram of several inks.

Which statement is correct?

A Black ink can be made by mixing green, red C Yellow ink can be used to make brown ink.
and yellow inks.
B Brown ink can be made by mixing blue and D Yellow ink may be present in green ink.
red inks.
45. O/N 08/P1/Q5
Which property shows that a liquid is pure?
A It turns anhydrous copper(II) sulphate blue. C It has no effect on red or blue litmus paper.
B It is colourless and odourless. D It boils at a fixed temperature at a given
pressure.
46. O/N 08/P1/Q2
Which method could be used to obtain charcoal from a mixture of powdered charcoal with sodium chloride?
A chromatography C heating the mixture
B filtration after shaking with water D distillation
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.2 Methods of Purification and Analysis

47. M/J 08/P1/Q7

The diagram shows the chromatogram obtained by analysis of a single dye. Three measurements are shown.

How is the Rf value of the dye calculated?

x y x y
A B C D
x+ y x+ y x+ y+ z x+ y+ z

48. O/N 07/P1/Q1

A test-tube containing a liquid X is placed in a beaker of boiling water. The liquid X starts to boil immediately.
What is the boiling point of liquid X?
A 100oC C between 0oC and room temperature
B above 100 Co D between room temperature and 100oC

49. M/J 07/P1/Q9 M/J 03/P1/Q8

How does a magnesium atom form a bond with an oxygen atom?
A by giving one pair of electrons to the oxygen atom
B by sharing one pair of electrons, both electrons provided by the magnesium atom
C by sharing two pairs of electrons, both pairs provided by the oxygen atom
D by sharing two pairs of electrons, each atom donating one pair of electrons

50. O/N 06/P1/Q1

At which temperature does a concentrated aqueous solution of sodium chloride begin to boil?
A 96 oC B 99 oC C 100 oC D 104 oC

51. O/N 04/P1/Q2

The diagram shows the chromatogram of four different sugars using the same solvent.
Glucose has an Rf value of 0.5. Which sugar is glucose?
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.2 Methods of Purification and Analysis

52. O/N 05/P1/Q2

Substance X melts at 53oC and boils at 100oC. It does not dissolve in water and it does not react with water.
Which diagram shows the method most suitable for separating X from a mixture of X and water?

A C

B D

53. O/N 05/P1/Q1

Which of the following is a pure compound?
A ethanol B petrol C steel D tap water

54. M/J 04/P1/Q4

Which of the following is the best method of obtaining pure water from ink?
A chromatography B distillation C filtration D freezing

55. O/N 03/P1/Q1

What is the most suitable way of investigating the different food colourings in some drinks?
A crystallisation C fractional distillation
B filtration D paper chromatography

56. M/J 03/P1/Q1

The equation for the reaction between aqueous lead(II) nitrate and aqueous potassium iodide is shown.

Pb(NO 3 ) (aq)+ 2KI(aq)  PbI 2  2KNO 3 (aq)


2
colourless yeloow coulouless
Colourless
Which method could be used to separate the products?
A chromatography B crystallisation C distillation D filtration

57. O/N 02/P1/Q3

From which mixture can the underlined substance be obtained by adding water, stirring and filtering?
A calcium carbonate and sodium chloride C ethanoic acid and ethanol
B copper(II) sulphate and sodium chloride D iron and magnesium
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

1.3 Identification of ions and gases

58. O/N 16/P11/Q2

Two experiments were carried out.
In experiment 1, ammonium carbonate was reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid.
In experiment 2, ammonium carbonate was heated with aqueous sodium hydroxide.
In each experiment, the gas evolved was tested with damp blue litmus paper and damp red litmus paper.

Which row correctly shows the colour of both the pieces of litmus paper at the end of each experiment?

59. O/N 16/P12/Q11

Aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to a sample of a colourless solution. Aqueous ammonia is added to a separate
sample of the colourless solution.
In both cases a white precipitate forms which is soluble in excess reagent.
Which positive ion is present in the solution?
A aluminium B calcium C copper(II) D zinc

60. M/J 16/P12/Q1

Which row correctly identifies the gas?
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

61. O/N 16/P12/Q1

When measured under the same conditions, which gas diffuses at the same rate as nitrogen?
A ammonia, NH3 B carbon monoxide, C ethane, C2H6 D oxygen, O2
CO

62. M/J 16/P11/Q22

Gaseous compound X is an oxidising agent. X is bubbled through separate solutions of aqueous potassium iodide and
acidified potassium manganate(VII).

Which row shows the colour changes when X is bubbled through these two solutions?

63. O/N 15/P12/Q4

A colourless solution is known to contain a sodium salt.
Tests were carried out to determine the identity of the anion in the solution.

Which anion could the solution contain?

A carbonate B chloride C nitrate D sulfate

64. M/J 15/P11/Q2, M/J 15/P12/Q7

The table shows the results of two reactions of an aqueous solution of a salt.

What is the name of the salt?

A calcium chloride B calcium iodide C zinc nitrate D zinc sulfate

65. O/N 14/P12/Q27, O/N 14/P11/Q26

A gas G
1 has no smell,
2 is not poisonous,
3 reacts with hydrogen at high temperature and pressure.
What is gas G?
A carbon monoxide B helium C nitrogen D chlorine
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

66. O/N 14/P12/Q3

A small amount of aqueous copper(II) sulfate is put into a test-tube. A few drops of aqueous ammonia are added to the
test-tube. Then an excess of aqueous ammonia is added to the same test-tube.
What are the two observations?

67. O/N 14/P11/Q2

Which compound when in aqueous solution will produce a red / brown precipitate on the addition of an aqueous solution
of Fe3+ ions?
A hydrogen chloride B sodium chloride C sodium hydroxide D sulfur trioxide

68. M/J 14/P12/Q30

Which gas turns moist blue litmus paper red and produces a precipitate when bubbled through
calcium hydroxide solution?
A CO B CO2 C HCl D NH3

69. O/N 13/P12/Q3

The diagram shows the fractionation of crude oil.

Which statement is correct?

A Each fraction consists of a single compound.
B Fraction P has the highest boiling point.
C The highest temperature is at the top of the column.
D The naphtha fraction is used as feedstock for the chemical industry.

70. O/N 13/P11/Q2

The results of two tests on a solution X are shown.

Which ion is present in solution X?

A Al3+ B Ca2+ C Cu2+ D Zn2+
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

71. M/J 13/P12/Q3

Which compound, when mixed with aqueous barium nitrate, does not form a white precipitate?
A ammonium carbonate C silver nitrate
B dilute sulfuric acid D sodium carbonate

72. M/J 13/P11/Q3

In which pair do neither of the gases change the colour of damp blue litmus paper?
A ammonia and hydrogen C carbon dioxide and chlorine
B ammonia and hydrogen chloride D carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide

73. O/N 12/P12/Q11

In separate experiments sulfur dioxide, a reducing agent, was passed through acidified solutions of potassium
dichromate(VI) and potassium manganate(VII). Which pair describes the colour changes observed in the experiments?

74. O/N 12/P12/Q9

When two solutions are mixed, a precipitate of a magnesium compound is formed.
Which salt would be formed from solution as a precipitate?
A MgCO3 B MgCl2 C Mg(NO3)2 D MgSO4

75. O/N 12/P12/Q1

Which is a property of hydrogen gas?
A It burns in air. C It relights a glowing splint.
B It has an unpleasant smell. D It turns moist litmus paper red.

76. O/N 12/P11/Q30

A mixture of two gases has no effect on either damp blue litmus paper or damp red litmus paper.
Which gases are present in the mixture?
A ammonia and oxygen C chlorine and hydrogen
B carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide D hydrogen and oxygen

77. O/N 12/P11/Q17

Salts containing which of the following anions are always soluble in water?
A carbonates B chlorides C nitrates D sulfates

78. O/N 12/P11/Q3

Substance Q is a soluble salt.
An aqueous solution of Q is tested as shown.

What is Q?
A ammonium chloride C zinc chloride
B ammonium sulfate D zinc sulfate
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

79. M/J 12/P12/Q12

When the rubber bulb of the dropper in the diagram is squeezed, the aqueous silver nitrate drops into the aqueous
sodium chloride and a white precipitate of silver chloride is formed.

What happens to the total mass of the bottle and contents?

A It increases due to the formation of the heavy precipitate.
B It remains the same because only a physical change has taken place.
C It decreases because heat is evolved.
D It remains the same because none of the products escapes from the bottle.

80. M/J 12/P12/Q19, M/J 12/P11/Q7

Which ion reacts with aqueous ammonia to give a precipitate that dissolves in an excess of ammonia?
A Al3+(aq) B Fe2+(aq) C Fe3+(aq) D Zn2+(aq)

81. M/J 12/P11/Q8

Which statement about aqueous sodium chloride is correct?
A It contains sodium atoms.
B It contains two different types of molecules.
C It does not conduct electricity.
D It forms a white precipitate when added to aqueous silver nitrate.

82. M/J 12/P11/Q4

The addition of dilute acid to a solution containing the anion Q and the subsequent use of limewater can be used to
identify the anion Q.
What is Q?
A a carbonate B a chloride C an iodide D a sulfate

83. O/N 11/P12/Q31, O/N 11/P11/Q32

A sample of tap water gave a white precipitate with acidified silver nitrate.
What does this show about the tap water?
A It contained chloride. C It contained nitrates.
B It contained harmful microbes. D It had not been filtered.

84. O/N 11/P12/Q2, O/N 11/P11/Q2

The labels fell off two bottles each containing a colourless solution, one of which was sodium carbonate solution and the
other was sodium chloride solution.
The addition of which solution to a sample from each bottle would most readily enable the bottles to be correctly
relabelled?
A ammonia B hydrochloric acid C lead(II) nitrate D sodium hydroxide

85. M/J 11/P12/Q4, M/J 11/P11/Q4, M/J 08/P1/Q4

A student tested a solution by adding aqueous sodium hydroxide. A precipitate was not seen because the reagent was
added too quickly.
What could not have been present in the solution?
A Al3+ B Ca2+ C NH4+ D Zn2+
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

86. M/J 11/P12/Q21, M/J 11/P11/Q21, M/J 04/P1/Q6

A solution of fertiliser was tested as shown.

Which ions must be present in the fertiliser?

A Fe2+ and SO42– B Fe3+ and NO3– C NH4+ and Fe2+ D NH4+ and NO3–

87. M/J 11/P12/Q3, M/J 11/P11/Q3, O/N 05/P1/Q4

The diagrams show an experiment with aqueous ammonium chloride.

A gas, Y, is produced and the litmus paper changes colour.

What are solution X and gas Y?

88. O/N 10/P12/Q17, O/N 10/P11/Q18

The tests below were carried out on a solution containing ions of the metal X.

What is metal X?
A calcium B iron C lead D zinc
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

89. O/N 10/P12/Q2, O/N 10/P11/Q1

Substance X dissolves in water to form a colourless solution. This solution reacts with aqueous lead(II) nitrate in the
presence of dilute nitric acid to give a yellow precipitate.
What is substance X?
A calcium iodide B copper(II) chloride C iron(II) iodide D sodium chloride

90. M/J 10/P12/Q19, M/J 10/P11/Q18

A metal reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce a gas.
What is used to identify this gas?
A a glowing splint C damp blue litmus paper
B a lighted splint D limewater

91. M/J 10/P12/Q4, M/J 10/P11/Q1

Which is an anion that is present in the solution formed when an excess of dilute hydrochloric acid is added to calcium
carbonate?
2
A Ca2+ B Cl– C CO 3 D H+

92. M/J 09/P1/Q5

A coin is analysed by dissolving it in nitric acid. To the resulting solution an excess of aqueous ammonia is added and
the mixture is filtered.
A brown precipitate remains in the filter paper and a deep blue solution is obtained as the filtrate.
Which metals does the coin contain?
A aluminium and B copper and iron C iron and lead D lead and zinc
copper

93. O/N 08/P1/Q6

Solution X contains a simple salt.
The table shows the results of some tests on solution X.

What is the name of the salt in solution X?

A iron(II) chloride B iron(III) chloride C iron(II) sulphate D iron(III) sulphate

94. O/N 07/P1/Q4

An aqueous solution of zinc chloride is tested with various reagents.
Which observation is correct?
A Acidified barium nitrate solution gives a white precipitate.
B Aqueous ammonia gives a white precipitate soluble in excess of the reagent.
C Copper turnings precipitate zinc.
D Sodium hydroxide solution gives a white precipitate insoluble in excess of the reagent.

95. O/N 07/P1/Q3

Compound X reacts with some metals to liberate hydrogen and is used to make fertilisers.
It gives a white precipitate when added to aqueous barium nitrate.
What is X?
A ammonium sulphate C potassium nitrate
B hydrochloric acid D sulphuric acid
Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

96. O/N 07/P1/Q2

Solid ammonium chloride decomposes on heating according to the following equation.

Which change occurs to the damp red litmus paper in the experiment above?
A remains red C turns blue and remains blue
B turns blue and is then bleached D turns blue and then turns red

97. M/J 07/P1/Q2, M/J 04/P1/Q2

A mixture of two substances is spotted on to a piece of chromatography paper.
The paper is inserted into a beaker containing a liquid.

For separation of the substances to occur the mixture must

A be placed so that the spot is just below the level of the liquid.
B be soluble in the liquid.
C contain substances of the same Rf values.
D contain substances that are coloured.

98. M/J 07/P1/Q5

Gas X
 has no effect either on damp red litmus paper or on damp blue litmus paper,
 puts out both a glowing splint and a burning splint.
What is gas X?
A ammonia B carbon dioxide C chlorine D nitrogen
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

99. O/N 06/P1/Q5

The scheme shows some reactions of a compound Y.

What could the compound Y be?

A aluminium sulphate C copper(II) carbonate
B calcium carbonate D zinc carbonate

100. O/N 06/P1/Q3

An aqueous solution of compound X reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide to form a green precipitate and then
aluminium powder is added. The mixture is heated and a gas that turns damp red litmus paper blue is given off.
What is X?
A ammonium nitrate B copper(II) chloride C iron(II) nitrate D iron(III) chloride

101. M/J 06/P1/Q4

Which test could be used to show that a sample of water is pure?
A It freezes at exactly 0 oC C It turns cobalt(II) chloride paper pink.
B It turns anhydrous copper(II) sulphate blue. D When it evaporates, it leaves no residue.

102. O/N 05/P1/Q5

Which two gases each change the colour of damp red litmus paper?
A ammonia and chlorine C carbon dioxide and chlorine
B ammonia and hydrogen chloride D carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide

103. M/J 05/P1/Q27

The results of tests carried out on compound X are shown.

What is compound X?
A ammonium carbonate C calcium carbonate
B ammonium nitrate D calcium nitrate
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

104. M/J 05/P1/Q2

A student adds aqueous sodium hydroxide or aqueous ammonia to aqueous solutions of four different metal compounds.
Which solution contains Zn2+ ions?

105. O/N 04/P1/Q4

The diagram shows apparatus used to separate hexane (boiling point, 70 oC) and heptane (boiling point, 98 oC).

Which graph would be obtained if the temperature at point T was plotted against the total volume of distillate collected?

A C

B D

106. O/N 04/P1/Q1

A pale green solution X gives a green precipitate with excess aqueous sodium hydroxide. An alkaline gas is only given
off when the mixture is warmed with powdered aluminium.Which ions does X contain?
A ammonium and copper(II) C copper(II) and nitrate
B ammonium and iron(III) D iron(II) and nitrate
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.3 Identification of Ions and Gases

107. M/J 04/P1/Q38

A student carries out three tests on a gas X.

Which gas could be X?

A ammonia B ethene C methane D oxygen

108. M/J 03/P1/Q26

The table shows the results of two tests carried out on separate portions of a solution of salt X.

What is X?
A calcium chloride B iron(II) sulphate C lead(II) nitrate D zinc sulphate
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.4 Multiple Topics

1.4 Multiple topics

109. M/J 03/P1/Q3

The diagrams show mixtures of chemicals that react to produce gases.
In which reaction will the litmus paper change colour?

A C

B D

110. M/J 05/P1/Q3

A sample of a pure compound is heated until it is completely molten and the compound is then allowed to cool until it is
completely solid again.
The graph shows how the temperature of the compound changes with time.

When are liquid and solid both present?

A P to Q and R to S
B P to Q
C Q to R
D R to S
 Classified O-Level Chemistry Paper-1 1.4 Multiple Topics

111. M/J 16/P12/Q3

Q is a pure sample of a substance that has a single Rf value of 0.9.
In the chromatogram shown, which letter represents Q?
 Answers Section

1. D 46. B 91. B
2. B 47. B 92. B
3. C 48. D 93. C
4. C 49. A
94. B
5. A 50. D
95. D
6. C 51. C
7. B 52. C 96. D
8. C 53. A 97. B
9. B 54. B 98. D
10. D 55. D 99. B
11. C 56. D 100. C
12. B 57. A
101. A
13. B 58. C
102. A
14. B 59. D
60. D 103. A
15. C
16. C 61. B 104. A
17. A 62. C 105. A
18. A 63. C 106. D
19. C 64. B
107. C
20. B 65. C
108. D
21. C 66. A
109. D
22. B 67. C
68. B 110. C
23. D
69. 111. C
24. C D
25. B 70. A
26. B 71. C
27. B 72. A
28. B 73. A
29. B 74. A
30. A 75. A
31. C 76. D
32. A 77. C
33. B 78. B
34. B 79. D
35. B 80. D
36. D 81. D
37. B 82. A
38. D 83. A
39. C 84. B
40. D 85. B
41. A 86. C
42. B 87. A
43. D 88. D
44. D 89. A
45. D 90. B