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Module 2 Cefm

1. Steady, laminar, and incompressible flow are defined. Streamlines, streamtubes, and equations of continuity are discussed. 2. Velocity potential is introduced as a scalar function whose negative gradient gives velocity. Laplace's equation relates velocity potential to irrotational flow with constant kinetic energy. 3. Relations between velocity components, streamfunctions, and equipotential lines are shown to be constant for both irrotational and rotational flow.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
20 views18 pages

Module 2 Cefm

1. Steady, laminar, and incompressible flow are defined. Streamlines, streamtubes, and equations of continuity are discussed. 2. Velocity potential is introduced as a scalar function whose negative gradient gives velocity. Laplace's equation relates velocity potential to irrotational flow with constant kinetic energy. 3. Relations between velocity components, streamfunctions, and equipotential lines are shown to be constant for both irrotational and rotational flow.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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cassate

Dote
Page
MOdue- 2
uid Kuimates

not he fore that caide metiou.

Pluid flow
Föoing
Stzady 'nd
ase

wnetadiy ttos
and men unifom flaw
3. Lamima and Tubident eow
4. Conupeuible wnd atompresible tlew
S. Rotatonal and susotational ow
6 ne, Tuuo nd 3- dunensonal ftow
eudyod wnteady Ploo
seady tow a detued as that ype of ow wtid t
uid'eputii Like weloitypeas we nd deueity de
thady

t Jogo.e 1
D

t 2, S, 0 .
pount anea itk tume

to
oto, yo, o

lnifomn and nom unifom Flow


detind
elowty at ang gunen ame dee net change witt
hespet toto aace coordnate

ts

tuat
id peputu Lkoke
eitt heset to pace welot, presuue, deney
¯srnater ang
P

Laminar and Tubuleut cloo


Lamihan fow á detined au that
fuud pantile mene olbng a well dafined
stamlne aud all
shrauht d pawalel.
tue ud pat les mee m way, De to lke
mmovemet f d poutles
classnte
Date
Page

Shn unatndy Hlow the neoy pee and deny at a


pount vaen 'iatk tuwe.
P

A. nitom and mom- wnitom Flow


nifom law. dained that
welo uy at any guen tne deeu het chenge wit
heupe to space coorinate
A

2St t st

ye tew n wbih Hhe


puid pueputu ie wlouy, prese, denityhange
witt Hepet to space ordlnateu
t

3 Lainr aud Tubuleu Ca


LaninRaw ad that
mbi ch a fud patile mne albng a, ell defined
stamline aud all
shrauht ud pauael.
tu tud paicles mee eto Ihe
moneet
4
Tate

the eddie ove formed wli eh ae


inetial
Rogdá Mwnber mhih a the ratio at
Fdutiffcation o4' Laminas A and
Sud
Re Ve

Re Landnar
raníHey
Tubuleut

Compreible and Snconbaeuible Flos


2 dieent poit
huiBntompesble
d change fd
e denslty cónstant along the fae path.
Liquidu aveconi oeed to be Bacomresei ble aud gu

S. Retutioual aud uotatonal Ho


Ratatiouel o wbile aloug steamlina
uid ati' lu
alio tat tueu
abut o
4 he euid pautiles while Hauig along
staunes do net tale abeut theu oun axt the
to ay rotaienal
b One. Two and ee Dimeienal How
Lu ed pepute auh a nelo
ot ene pace otrounata and tome any.
t

the neloity ú a funtew at uso apae cosclnata


aud tnei
t) w=
Thuee duneniDu ta
iee space
coordales aud ne.
v f (s42,t) wfxya
* Thecontinuily tqutan
cqulten ç tundamentaly the
leuo ot conservato
mas which tateu that the mau entering into
ito a
pipeline per ut tie yualu the
the masi ttie

bieine pe uút tne Bme


meut

(RA) (fAV Dot for gase


(Av) in = (Av)out for liquide
* tquation tonti nuity Canteien Coordinates| Reutau
Cosrdia

dz

H
D

A dy
let aa Huud of denity be Houng n
thannel, ut uu take an element af dncenciot dx, d
und

= dy dz)u
new The Hate he fe ee E FHH= mase euteu

aceenlatid

ue EPqn
(nerun =( dy dz)u + 2(ay dz uwar
accucmulated n thes elemeut
obtauned
te mast acelatd

-)(saxa)dy
diecton
2
9(u)
o(Bw) change
time iths stndy net Fordo
(so
2(3) +
t
boh
dz) 2(3dx
dy 9t
m9t=
toal he
dzdy
dz w3
ated= aceeumul meA net
Doga
Date
Dete
Poge

fr one inin)oval

IK
Atu KXA A -K
A

L. Pattw lne- A palll lne is acin ply te þatto tellewed


A

Sthamline- A ctAeam liuo e deteied asa an mgna


lene wttun tuu Huid
cd sucb t t t te trugent at
pnt dicatu rae m welouty at tthet peul
A

3.Steamtube- A stAeaube a to be fme

4. stheam hlame-A pat t staCam lebe hauy


Quall enough for e veiltis
StALan lameul.
s. teak lne-A steak line u ddetued as a line dyaw'
frs he tuid patale
Ttough a fked peud

palile hat haie foasced


feo fed.
A

Staeak
classmate
Daie

* Veloity Patental
velet Tokental i defued as a scalar neton paLe
und luta w such aa way
way that ite negatue deivatuie.
to
ptati cula diiecton.
dectes unei welauy

2(-20 ) +220) +J(-2¢)= o

aplace +
Equatirm

wic te poteulia
feutien acmani aluay Contant.
c= KK

The totl deivatune e e4 patal desi vatine


by the equation
dý dy
nosmce
+/D9
-V
t}
The weloaty
tn dáectiom.
e diecte pateular
ávatne
am ite that way cucha ntme
n
and
aue netuon
od defuued
a a tuncto
e .
V
vdy -da u -
Dats
Page

Retation dlose o kq uipoluniilne censtant

d k
k o both e
pont ndiular

by the ellouing
3

3
diietn
shaw that chous

uE 3 + 22
2
J

+)

tton
alksste
Dato
Page

Retatian kquipatutuil.lines k constant


Staam wnetio line
X

k
persendi ula

S.The doty petntial u by the fallouing


3
deiectn
sha tkat cbus baauible Cade

+ 22

-x3

+)

tton
Date

the wloitty jetutil


the Kelout at the pot P
Detewin luo the vae o
at sane pout
point P.

(i) y-) , 22y

-2

Vat p

R=45 I2 04

=V

ytK

d
* Nomenus bquation
the lauw 0t conlwotuon of memenlim

tat oiieelio.

lae fore atuy


Ndeutoi secoud law a metiew

m dv

fdt = d(mv

Jhe Lensideunet ouly the matm heHdbut


aleo the rce tot cau moton.
wlhun a uid Hau felloung6 fonce t, on the luid
lemnt me flud
aanity fauce Fg- duuy to te gauity
2. Pessw Fore Fp - cauaed due to the messee diz
bw fhe tu0 pante a4 ae ud
Pow.
Visue Fore Fy cause d e to the w ceu naJäse
3.
when
4
efuud degt
s. Tublnu Fore Ft caused due to auyl edo ty
* Reynaldi bquatoyt swau teuowforce se
tquatow
Jn Rynei e'Fs= 0 Ihe
Cousi dlered ma
Fa+ Ep+ fy t ft +0 =

Naniun-tokes bauatew
n NAneN tokel theorem Tuwsbuleny fore 4 fs
F¡t
+ fe+ fy = ma
fp+ fv

* kule kquaieni
Sn His Luatsn The value d Fy,ft fs are taken
Fg+ Fp = ma
* benaullii Theonnom kuer Gquaton Moton

dz

dA

et w take aa lui element inwaa Huid at denit, 3


The uida monng s dietion. The lement in cdu
atanngle e prom tial. Follouuig terce act on lhu
luid eement -
u The yorse cin
ds
d
wwittin
preswe
SP' deivatu
ot Patal tuneo
dr'wbe Canloure deuvatue
of elal theputtng Men
ds
diidn
3/dz ds P
L
dt
tov\ds weliuty denivntine
de itte can
l Pantai tume
a4 indv] beelouty desiwa
ue total
oL
thhene
e disection 2'
dt
dyd)(San cano (Rand) - da d
Ad)
dt d
d PdA-Þt
Ma
ds
Page
Data
clhsemsta
ds.
A

-(az) 9
the squahaa
-l dP - (dz)
Juteg atiy he
dV
J

29

2
to as &ernalll Theeem
whi ch u appli cable to au ideal Hud.
for Neal
2.
PI
. Appe t dimut 400mm canie watr al a
2
Slcond The besuu at ouit A2 gien a 29,43 Nem
and 22.SG3 N]omt eapectinely. while dtum held at A2 B
O 28 m and 30 m. Head
paúnta A and B.
+
2 2

A 30 m

28m

29. 3N 2
m 29. 45X10UNm
22S62 Nun = 22. S63X I0 Nm
X 30
29.43 X)0+ +(2s 428 = 22-S63X10 +(2s
2X9-8|
+ 30+H
30 + + 29 = 23 t 316t 30 +HL
Sg-S3 = HL
S m

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