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5 - User - Defined - Methods

The document discusses Java functions including their components, types, invoking methods, pass by reference, and function overloading. Functions can reuse code, optimize memory usage, and divide complex tasks. Components include access specifiers, return types, parameters, and method blocks. Methods are invoked by calling or using them in a program.

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14 views

5 - User - Defined - Methods

The document discusses Java functions including their components, types, invoking methods, pass by reference, and function overloading. Functions can reuse code, optimize memory usage, and divide complex tasks. Components include access specifiers, return types, parameters, and method blocks. Methods are invoked by calling or using them in a program.

Uploaded by

annwesa.panda
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In Java

Function & advantages


 A program module which can be called at different
instances in a program to perform a specific task.
 Advantages:
 Reuse of code
 Memory optimisation
 Divides complex task into small methods-modular
approach
Components
 public static void main(String args[])
public int add(int a,int b,int c)//formal parameters
 {//method block
 } inbuilt, user defined functions
 protected double add(int a,double b)//header or
prototype
 add(int a,double b)-Method signature
 Access specifier, return, method block.
type,name,parameter list
 return statement
 Used at the end of the function
 Returns only one value
Methods, types and invoking
 The process of using a method in a program is referred
to as calling or invoking
 Static and non static
 Actual and Formal parameters
 Pass by value
 Pass by reference
 Pure and Impure methods
Pass by reference/call by reference
 import java.util.*;
 public class passbyreference
 {
 public void ref(int a[])
 {
 int i,l;
 l=a.length;
 for(i=0;i<l;i++)
 a[i]=a[i]+10;
 System.out.println("array after adding 10");
 for(i=0;i<l;i++)
 System.out.print("formal"+a[i]+"\t");
 }
 public static void main(String args[])
 {
 Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
 int a[]={10,20,30,40,45};
 int i;
 int l=a.length;
 passbyreference ob=new passbyreference();
 ob.ref(a);
 for(i=0;i<l;i++)
 System.out.print("actual"+a[i]+"\t");

 }
 }
Output- change in formal parameters effect
actual parameters as both refer to same address
 array after adding 10
 formal20 formal30 formal40 formal50 formal55
 actual20 actual30 actual40 actual50 actual55
Function Overloading
 int area(int l,int b)
 int area(int s)
 int area(double r)
 Methods with same name but having different
parameter list( difference in number of parameters or
data type of parameters), compiler checks for the best
match at the compile time and invoke the respective
function.

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