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Diesel Assignment

The document provides data for 6 problems related to analyzing diesel engine performance. Problem I provides data on a 4-cylinder diesel engine coupled to an alternator and asks to calculate the generator output, brake thermal efficiency, and output if operating at a higher elevation. Problem II provides additional data on brake power, fuel rate, compression ratio, and asks to calculate the increase in indicated power and actual shaft power if a supercharger is installed. Problem III provides data on an engine with a defective cylinder valve and asks various questions about brake power, displacement, pressures, and efficiencies. The remaining problems provide additional test data on specific engines and ask to calculate various performance related values such as indicated power, heat losses, and cooling water usage.

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Richard Valiente
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466 views12 pages

Diesel Assignment

The document provides data for 6 problems related to analyzing diesel engine performance. Problem I provides data on a 4-cylinder diesel engine coupled to an alternator and asks to calculate the generator output, brake thermal efficiency, and output if operating at a higher elevation. Problem II provides additional data on brake power, fuel rate, compression ratio, and asks to calculate the increase in indicated power and actual shaft power if a supercharger is installed. Problem III provides data on an engine with a defective cylinder valve and asks various questions about brake power, displacement, pressures, and efficiencies. The remaining problems provide additional test data on specific engines and ask to calculate various performance related values such as indicated power, heat losses, and cooling water usage.

Uploaded by

Richard Valiente
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem I

A 4-cylinder, 13 in x 16 ½ in, 4 stroke cycle,


single acting Diesel engine at standard
conditions (760 mm Hg pressure and 15.56
⁰C temperature) is to be directly coupled to a
24- pole alternator, 3 –phase , 60 Hertz. Other
data as follows:
Brake mean effective pressure = 550 kPa
Average piston speed = 305 m/min
Combined (overall) fuel consumption = 0.245 kg/kW-hr
Lower heating value = 46,526 kJ/kg
Mechanical efficiency = 85 %
Generator efficiency = 94 %
Relative humidity = 90 %
a) What would be the generator output of the
engine in kW?
b) What would be the actual brake thermal
efficiency of the said engine?
c) What would be the power output (in kW) if the
above mentioned engine is operating in Baguio
City whose elevation is 1525 m above sea
level. Take the actual sea level temperature is
29 ⁰C ?
Problem II
A four stroke cycle, single-acting Diesel engine
rated horsepower (brake power) at 270 hp with
a combined fuel rate of 0.245 kg/kW-hr at
standard conditions. The compression ratio is
13. The surrounding air has a relative humidity
of 80 %. Other data are follows:
Mechanical Efficiency. . . . 85 %
Generator Efficiency. . . 94 %
The owner of the said engine has been wanting
to increase the power output through the
installation of supercharger, to compensate the
actual power demand. As far as what imparted
to him, putting up this device would tend to raise
the pressure up to 138 kPa with a
corresponding increase of its temperature to
43°C.
As a Mechanical Engineers someday,
a) Could you help the owner estimate the
increase in engines indicated power after the
installation of supercharger, considering the
above data. Make mechanical efficiency
unchanged or remain unaffected, even with the
presence of supercharger?
b) Could you determine the actual shaft power
and brake fuel rate of the modified engine if the
power to drive supercharger is 5.5 kW?
Problem III
An owner of the generating set is wanted the
diesel engine to be checked up after he had
sensed that there was something wrong with it.
The engine is 4-in line and 4-stroke with a bore
and stroke of 13’’ x 16 ½”, respectively. The
engine has compression ratio of 13:1 and a
combined fuel rate of 0.245 kg/kW-hr with the
generator efficiency of 94 % and the heating
value of fuel to be 46,526 kJ /kg.
The owner noticed that one of the cylinders
had a defective valve, which was the cause of
the failure to produce the power of one cylinder.
He emphasized that though the engine had run
that way, still the remaining functional cylinders
had been able to operate with an estimated 30
% decrease in brake power during the testing
with a rotated speed of 300 rpm.
Now, he wants to consult a Mechanical
Engineer about the findings. He stressed that
before one cylinder malfunctioned, the engine
had generated a brake power of 270 hp. As a
Mechanical Engineer someday, the owner of the
said car wants to solicit idea from you about the
following questions:
a) What would be the engine displacement in
cm3?
b) Is the friction power in 4-cylinder and 3-
cylinder being considered constant?
c) What would be the brake power that would
possibly be developed in 3-cylinder?
d) What would the brake torque in 4-cylinder
and 3-cylinder?
e) What would the indicated power in 4-
cylinder and 3-cylinder?
f) What would the mechanical efficiency in 4-
cylinder and 3-cylinder?
g) What would be their respective indicated
and brake mean effective pressure?
Problem IV
A prony brake is used to analyze the
performance of a single acting, 4 cylinders
compression-ignition engine operating on four
stroke cycle. The following observations were
taken:
Size of engine. . . . . . 13 in x16½ in
Brake mean effective pressure. 550 kPa
Rotative speed. . . . . . 300 rpm
Brake power. . . . . . 270 hp
Generator efficiency. . . . 94%
°API. . . . . . . . 25
Tare load. . . . . . . 14 kg
Brake lever arm. . . . . 198 cm
Combined fuel consumption. . 0.245 kg/kW-hr

Calculate:
a) Brake torque
b) The net force on the scale produced by the
frictional moment
c) The gross load indicated in the scale
d) Indicated mean effective pressure
e) Heating value of fuel based on °API and
based on S.G
f) Indicated thermal efficiency and brake
thermal efficiency
Problem V
A 4-cylinder, 13 in x16½ in, 4-stroke cycle
Diesel engine has been tested and the
following data were obtained:
Fuel consumption . . . . 62.5 kg/hr.
Shaft speed . . . . . 300 rpm
Cooling loss . . . . . 30 % of the total heat
generated
Temperature change of H2O . 27 ⁰C
Length of indicator card . . . 8.5 cm
Heating value of fuel . . . 46,526 kJ/kg
Scale of indicator spring . . 81.4 kPa /mm

Determine:
a) The area of indicator card diagram
b) The amount of water used in the cooling
system (cylinder water jacket)
Problem VI
A diesel engine was tested for one hour in the
course of the feasibility study to convert that unit
into a gasifier fed engine. The following were
gathered data during the test:
Generator capacity . . . 254 hp
Generator efficiency . . 94 %
Fuel consumption . . . 62.5kg/hr. @ 27⁰Cwith
S.G = 0.891
Flow of cooling water . . 216 kg/min ; enter
@28⁰C and leaves @ 44⁰C
Air-fuel ratio . . . . 25:1
Exhaust gas temperature . 410⁰C
Atmospheric temperature . 29⁰C
Determine the following:
a) The percent of heat that would be converted
to actual net shaft output
b) The percent of heat that would loss due to
circulating cooling water
c) The percent of heat that would loss due to
exhaust gases
d) The percent of heat that would loss due to
mechanical, radiation and other unaccounted
losses.

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