CLASS

VIII

2022-23
DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION
GOVT. OF NCT OF DELHI
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
SUBJECT EXPERTS & CONTENT DEVELOPMENT TEAM (Class-VIII)
SESSION 2022-2023

Dr. SUNIL AGGARWAL, LECTURER

STATE COORDINATOR, MENTAL MATHS PROJECT
Govt. S. Co-ed Sr. Sec. School, Possangipur, B-1 Janak Puri (School ID - 1618003)
Ms. SAMPDA GULATI, VICE PRINCIPAL
STATE CO-COORDINATOR, MENTAL MATHS PROJECT
GSKV, C-Block, No.1, Janak Puri (School ID - 1618017)
Mr. SANJEEV KUMAR, VICE PRINCIPAL
RPVV, Kishan Ganj (School ID - 1208092)
Mr. SURENDRA PAL SINGH, LECTURER
SBBM SV, Shankaracharya Marg (School ID - 1207008)
Mr. KUMAR GAURAV, TGT
Govt Co-ed Sr. Sec. School, Kangan Heri, New Delhi- 110071 (School ID - 1821034)
Ms. VINTI SINGLA, TGT
SKV, Samalka (School ID - 1821022)
Mr. NEERAJ, LECTURER
SBV, Rouse Avenue (School ID - 2127001)
Mr. MANISH CHANDER, TGT
RPVV, Kishan Ganj (School ID - 1208092)

COVER PAGE DESIGN & TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Mr.PREM KUMAR SHARMA, LECTURER

GBSSS, No. 1, C-Block, Janak Puri (School ID - 1618006)
Mr. NARESH KUMAR, TGT
GSBV, No. 2, C-Block, Janak Puri (School ID - 1618005)
 STATE LEVEL MENTAL MATHS QUIZ COMPETITION RESULT 2021-2022
LEVEL-2
REGION EAST (1st POSITION)
NAME OF
NAME OF FATHER'S SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT NAME CODE
TEACHER
RPVV PANKAJ
1 VIII AVIN JANGID VINOD KUMAR 20170290248 07.03.2009 SURAJMAL 1001104 KUMAR
VIHAR JOSHI
AYUSH DEOKANT GSBV RADHEY ROHITASH
2 VIII 20170173516 28.03.2009 1003152
NARAYAN NARAYAN SHYAM PARK PAREEK
RPVV
ANANYA VIKAS KUMAR ANITA
3 VIII 20190010773 26.01.2009 SURAJMAL 1001104
SINGH SINGH KHATTAR
VIHAR

REGION WEST (1ST RUNNER UP)

NAME OF
NAME OF FATHER'S SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT NAME CODE
TEACHER
GSBV
JOGINDER
1 VIII HARSHIT RAJ KUMAR 20190069638 19.03.2009 PEERAGARHI 1617254
SINGH MOR
VILLAGE
RAMESHWAR
2 VIII JYOTI YADAV 20190234786 16.02.2007 GSKV HASTSAL 1618061 RITU
YADAV

MANOJ KUMAR G COED SS MAHESH

3 VIII UDAY KUMAR 20190259455 22.02.2008 1618067
MEHTO VIKAS NAGAR KUMAR

REGION SOUTH (2ND RUNNER UP)

NAME OF
NAME OF FATHER'S SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT NAME CODE
TEACHER
SHARWAN
GBSSS
1 VIII VINIT SINGH VIVEK SINGH 20210228298 23.06.2008 1720029 KUMAR
MAHIPALPUR
MEENA
SKV SEC-1 SAVITRI
2 VIII KRITI PORWAL MANOJ KUMAR 20200194175 14.11.2008 1821030
DWARKA MEENA

JAYANT PRATAP GBSSS MANDI NARESH

3 VIII 20200124860 15.05.2009 1923358
PHALSWAL PHALSWAL VILLAGE KUMAR

REGION CENTRAL (4TH POSITION)

NAME OF
NAME OF FATHER'S SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT NAME CODE
TEACHER
RPVV CIVIL MANEETA
1 VIII PIYUSH RAM BAHADUR 20190035435 11.06.2008 1207113
LINES SHARMA
ANIL
ABBAD WASEEM RPVV LINK
2 VIII 20190166226 16.11.2008 2128031 KUMAR
WASEEM SIDDIQUI ROAD
MISHRA
DARSH PRADEEP GBSSS NO.1 RAVI
3 VIII 20190283297 23.10.2008 1207019
JAISWAL JAISWAL SHAKTI NAGAR SHANKAR

REGION NORTH (5TH POSITION)

NAME OF
NAME OF FATHER'S SCHOOL
S. No. CLASS STUDENT ID D.O.B. SCHOOL NAME GUIDE
STUDENT NAME CODE
TEACHER
RAJESH
1 VIII HIMANSHU KASHMIRI LAL 20210184012 10.08.2007 GBSSS NITHARI 1412259
SHARMA
GSKV BL-
BLOCK
2 VIII RADHIKA PAPPU 20130288339 04.11.2008 1309030 KIRAN
SHALIMAR
BAGH
ARYAN NIRANJAN RPVV SEC-XI VINITA
3 VIII 20190076652 19.12.2008 1413076
KUMAR JHA KUMAR JHA ROHINI JAIN
SCHEDULE OF MENTAL MATHS QUIZ COMPETITIONS
FOR THE YEAR 2022-2023
DIRECTORATE OF EDUCATION
GOVT OF NCT OF DELHI

 Practice to students from Question Bank 01.04.2022 to 15.10.2022

 School level Quiz Competition 17.10.2022 to 07.11.2022

 Cluster level Quiz Competition 08.11.2022 to 14.11.2022

 Zonal level Quiz Competition 21.11.2022 to 30.11.2022

 District level Quiz Competition 07.12.2022 to 14.12.2022

 Regional level Quiz Competition 26.12.2022 to 31.12.2022

 State level Quiz Competition 18.01.2023 to 31.01.2023

 INDEX
S.No. Chapter Page No.

1. Rational Numbers 1

2. Linear Equation in One Variable 5

3. Understanding Quadrilaterals 9

4. Practical Geometry 17

5. Data Handling 22

6. Squares and Square Roots 30

7. Cube and Cube Roots 34

8. Comparing Quantities 39

9. Algebraic Expressions and Identities 43

10. Visualizing Solid Shapes 47

11. Mensuration 55

12. Exponents and Power 63

13. Direct and Inverse Proportion 67

14. Factorization 72

15. Introduction to Graphs 76

16. Playing with Numbers 83

 Chapter-1
Rational Numbers
Points to Remember
𝒑
 A number of the form 𝒒, where p and q are integers and 𝒒 ≠ 𝟎 is called a
𝟏 𝟑 𝟕
rational number.e.g. : - 𝟕 , 𝟒 , 𝟎, − 𝟏𝟏 etc.

 All natural numbers, whole numbers, integers and fractions are rational
numbers.
 0 is the identity for addition of rational numbers. That means if we add 0
to a rational number we get the same rational number.
𝟑 𝟑 𝟓 𝟓
For eg. 𝟐 + 𝟎 = 𝟐, + 𝟎 = ,− +𝟎=−
𝟕 𝟕 𝟏𝟑 𝟏𝟑
𝒂 𝒂
 The additive inverse of a rational number 𝒃 , (𝒃 ≠ 𝟎) 𝒊𝒔 − 𝒃. That means if

we add a number of same numerical value but opposite in sign to the

given rational number it yields 0.
e.g 𝟕 + (−𝟕) = 𝟎(The additive inverse of 7 is -7)
(−𝟕) + 𝟕 = 𝟎(The additive inverse of -7 is 7)
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
− 𝟑 + 𝟑 = 𝟎(The additive inverse of − 𝟑 is 𝟑 and vice versa )
𝒂 𝒃
 Multiplicative inverse of a rational number 𝒃 is 𝒂 , where a and b are non-

zero integers. That means the multiplicative inverse of a number is a

number which when multiplied by the number gives result 1.
𝟐 𝟑 𝟐 𝟑
For eg. 𝟑 × 𝟐 = 𝟏(The multiplicative inverse of 𝟑 is 𝟐)
𝟏 𝟏
− 𝟕 × (−𝟕) = 𝟏(The multiplicative inverse of− 𝟕 is −𝟕.

In other words multiplicative inverse means reciprocal of a number.

 1 is the identity for multiplication of rational numbers. That means if we
multiply a rational number by 1 we get the same rational number.
𝟑 𝟑 𝟕 𝟕 𝒑 𝒑
For eg. 𝟒 × 𝟏 = 𝟒 , − 𝟏𝟏 × 𝟏 = − 𝟏𝟏 , 𝒒 × 𝟏 = 𝒒 (𝒒 ≠ 𝟎)

 Every rational number represents a unique point on a number line.

 Division of any rational number by 0 is not defined.
𝟕 𝟐
𝟕 ÷ 𝟎 = 𝟎 is not defined − 𝟕 ÷ 𝟎 is not defined

Page | 1
  The rational number 0 has no reciprocal.
 The reciprocal of 1 is 1.
 The reciprocal of -1 is -1.
QUESTIONS
𝟒 𝟓
1. Find the value of: 𝟏𝟏 + (− 𝟕)
𝟒 𝟐
2. Find the value of: 𝟏𝟐 − 𝟑
𝟕 𝟓
3. Find the value of: − 𝟏𝟐 − 𝟔
𝟓 𝟓
4. Find the value of: − 𝟏𝟖 − (− 𝟗)
−𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟑
5. Find the value of: − ( −𝟖 ) + (𝟏𝟐)
−𝟕 𝟕
6. Find the value of: 𝟐𝟓 ÷ (−𝟐𝟓)
−𝟐𝟗 𝟓𝟖
7. Find the value of: ÷ (− 𝟖𝟕)
𝟐𝟕
(−𝟒) 𝟑 (𝟏𝟏𝟎)
8. Find the value of: × 𝟏𝟎 ×
𝟓 𝟏𝟒𝟒
−𝟏𝟏 𝟒 𝟏𝟒
9. Find the value of: × 𝟕 × 𝟑𝟑
𝟐𝟏
𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑
10. Find the value of: ÷( )
𝟏𝟓 −𝟓
𝟏𝟕
11. Find the additive inverse of (− + 𝟐)
𝟖
−𝟖
12. Find the additive inverse of (−𝟕 − 𝟏)
𝟕 𝟏
13. Find the multiplicative inverse of (− 𝟐𝟒 + 𝟑).
−𝟓 𝟏𝟏
14. Find the multiplicative inverse of ( 𝟏𝟏 ÷ −𝟓).
𝟐 𝟓 𝟑 𝟕
15. Find the value of − 𝟓 + 𝟔 + (− 𝟓) + 𝟏𝟓
𝟏𝟕 𝟏𝟏
16. The sum of two rational numbers is − 𝟐𝟕. if one of them is − 𝟐𝟕, find the

other.
𝟗 𝟑
17. What number should be added to 𝟏𝟒 to get − 𝟕?
𝟓 𝟑
18. What number should be subtracted from − 𝟖 so as to get 𝟒?
𝟓 𝟓
19. What number should be subtracted from − 𝟑 to get 𝟔?
𝟏 𝟏
20. What number should be added to (𝟐 + 𝟑) to get 1?
𝟓
21. What number should be added to -1 so as to get 𝟕?

Page | 2
 𝟏𝟔 𝟒
22. The product of two rational numbers is − . If one of the them is − 𝟑, find
𝟗

the other.
𝟖 𝟏
23. What number should be multiplied by − 𝟑𝟗 to obtain 𝟕𝟖?
𝟐 𝟑
24. Find three rational numbers between 𝟑 and 𝟒.
𝟏 𝟏
25. Find five rational numbers between 𝟒 and 𝟑.
𝟐𝟖 𝟏𝟒
26. The product of two rational numbers is − 𝟖𝟏. If one of them is 𝟐𝟕, then

find the other.

𝟏
27. Find the product of additive inverse and multiplicative inverse of − 𝟐.
𝟗 𝟑
28. Find the value of 𝒙: ÷ 𝒙 = −𝟐
𝟖
𝟔
29. Find the value of 𝒙: (−𝟏𝟐) ÷ 𝒙 = − 𝟓.
𝟏𝟖 𝟕
30. Divide the sum of and − 𝟏𝟓 by their difference.
𝟓
𝟐
31. After reading 𝟑 of a book, 20 pages are left. How many pages are there in
the book?
𝟏 𝟏
32. Amit has ` 1400 with him. He spent 𝟐 of his money on notebooks and 𝟒 of
his money on stationery. How much money is left with him?
𝟏
33. One liter of petrol costs ` 175. What is the cost of 𝟑 𝟓 litres of petrol?

34. If 6 shirts of equal sizes can be made out of 15 meter of cloth, how much
cloth is needed for making one shirt?
𝟏
35. 𝟓 𝟐 𝒎 of long rope is cut into 11 equal pieces. What is the length of each
piece?
𝟑 𝟒𝟖
36. The product of two fractions is 𝟗 𝟓. If one of the fraction is 𝟕 , find the
other.
𝟑
37. At a football match 𝟕 of the spectators were in covered place while

remaining 12000 were in open. Find the total number of spectators.

𝟐 𝟕𝟐
38. A drum full of sugar weighs 𝟑𝟎 𝟓 kilogram. If the empty drum weighs 𝟓

kilogram, find the weight of sugar.

39. An aeroplane covers 780 kilometers in an hour. How much distance will it
𝟏
cover in 𝟐 𝟐 hours?
𝟓
40. In a school, 𝟖 of the students are girls. If there are 240 boys, find the

number of girls in the school.

Page | 3
ANSWERS
Q. No. Answer Q. No. Answer
𝟐𝟕 𝟓
1. − 21. 𝟏
𝟕𝟕 𝟕
𝟏 𝟏
2. − 22. 𝟏
𝟑 𝟑
𝟓 𝟏
3. −𝟏 23. −
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟔
𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟒 𝟑𝟓
𝟓 , , 𝒐𝒓 any other suitable
𝟒𝟖 𝟒𝟖 𝟒𝟖
4. 24.
𝟏𝟖 answer
𝟏𝟗 𝟐𝟎 𝟐𝟏 𝟐𝟐 𝟐𝟑
𝟕 , , , , 𝒐𝒓 any other
𝟕𝟐 𝟕𝟐 𝟕𝟐 𝟕𝟐 𝟕𝟐
5. − 25.
𝟐𝟒 suitable answer
𝟐
6. 1 26. −
𝟑
𝟏𝟏 −𝟏
7. 𝟏 27.
𝟏𝟖
𝟏𝟏 𝟑
8. − 28. −
𝟔𝟎 𝟒
𝟖 10
9. − 29.
𝟔𝟑
𝟏 𝟒𝟕
10. − 30.
𝟗 𝟔𝟏
𝟏 60 pages
11. 31.
𝟖
𝟏 `350
12. − 32.
𝟕
13. 𝟐𝟒 33. ` 560

𝟐𝟏 2.5 m
14. 𝟒 34.
𝟐𝟓
𝟑 0.5m or 50cm
15. 35.
𝟏𝟎
𝟐 𝟏
𝟐
16. − 36. 𝟓
𝟗
𝟏 21000
17. −𝟏 37.
𝟏𝟒
𝟑 16 kilogram
18. −𝟏 38.
𝟖
𝟏 1950 kilometre
19. −𝟐 39.
𝟐
𝟏 400 girls
20. 40.
𝟔

Page | 4
 Chapter-2
Linear Equations in One Variable
Points to Remember
 An equation involving only linear polynomials is called a linear equation.
Degree of a linear equation is one.
𝟓 𝒚
Examples of linear equations: 𝒙 − 𝟕 = 𝟒, + 𝟒 = 𝟔, 𝟑𝒕 + 𝟕 = 𝟏𝟐
𝟐 𝟑

 Rules for solving a linear equation

Rule 1: Same quantity (number) can be added to both sides of an
equation without changing the equality.
Rule 2: Same quantity can be subtracted from both sides of an equation
without changing the equality.
Rule 3: Both sides of an equation may be multiplied by the same non zero
number without changing the equality.
Rule 4: Both sides of an equation may be divided by the same non zero
number without changing the equality.
Rule 5: Transposition
Any term of an equation may be taken to the other side with the sign
changed. This process is called transposition.
 It should be noted that some complicated equations can be solved by
using two or more of these rules together.
𝒂𝒙+𝒃 𝒎
 If 𝒄𝒙+𝒅 = 𝒏 , then 𝒏(𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃) = 𝒎(𝒄𝒙 + 𝒅) is a linear equation. The
𝒂𝒙+𝒃 𝒎
process of obtaining the above linear equation from 𝒄𝒙+𝒅 = is called
𝒏

cross multiplication.

Page | 5
QUESTIONS
1. Find the value of 𝒙: 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒 = 𝟔(𝒙 − 𝟏) + 𝟕
𝟒
2. Find the value of 𝒚: 𝟕 (𝒚 + 𝟕) = 𝟒
𝟕−𝒛 𝟓
3. Find the value of 𝒛: 𝟏𝟒−𝟑𝒛
=𝟖
𝒂 𝒂 𝟕
4. Find the value of 𝒂: 𝟑 − 𝟒 = 𝟏𝟐
𝒃 𝒃 𝟏
5. Find the value of 𝒃: 𝟐 + 𝟑 = 𝟔
6. Find the value of 𝒄: 𝟐(𝐜 − 𝟑) = 𝟓(𝟐𝐜 + 𝟐)
7. Solve: 0.16(𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏) = 𝟎. 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟎. 𝟏𝟔
8. Solve for 𝒙: 𝒙𝟐 − (𝒙 + 𝟏)(𝒙 − 𝟐) = 𝟎
9. What is the number which when added to 15 times of itself gives 208.
10. A number is as much greater than 84 as it is less than 108. What is the
number?
11. The sum of three consecutive natural numbers is 33. Find the numbers.
12. Two consecutive sides of a rectangle are in the ratio 3:2. If its perimeter is
150cm, then find its area?
13. A number consists of two digits whose sum is 9. If 27 is added to the
number its digits are reversed. Find the number.
14. A man sold an umbrella for `495 and gained 10% on it. Find its cost
price.
𝟑
15. 𝟒 th of a number is 20 more than half of the same number. What is the
number?
16. Three fourth of a number exceeds its one third by 60. What is the
number?
17. Sum of three consecutive multiples of 4 is 108. Find the numbers.
18. A box of toffees is divided among 24 children. They will get 5 toffees each.
How many would each get, if the number of children is reduced by 4?
19. Four fifth of a certain number is 64. What will be half of that number?
20. Sides of a triangle are in the ratio 2:3:4. If its perimeter is 225m, find the
length of smallest side.
21. Find the number whose fifth part increased by 5 is equal to its fourth part
decreased by 5.
22. Find three consecutive odd natural numbers whose sum is 147.

Page | 6
23. Find three consecutive even natural numbers whose sum is 234.
24. The sum of two numbers is 95. If one number exceeds the other by 15,
find the smaller number.
25. The sum of three consecutive natural numbers is 108. Find the middle
number.
26. The base of an isosceles triangle is 8 cm and its perimeter is 20 cm. Find
the length of equal sides.
27. Four fifth of a number is greater than three fourth of the same number by
4. Find the number.
28. The width of a rectangle is two third of its length. If the perimeter is
180m, find its dimensions.
29. If 10 is added to four times a certain number, the result is 5 less than five
times the number. Find the number.
30. The average age of 3 girls is 20 years and their ages are in the ratio 3:5.7.
Find the age of the eldest girl.
31. The perimeter of a rectangle is numerically equal to the area of the
rectangle. If the width of the rectangle is 3cm, find its length.
32. An angle is double of its supplementary angle. Find the complementary
angle of its supplementary angle.
33. The number of boys and girls in a class are in the ratio 4:7. If the number
of boys are 6 less than the number of girls. Find the number of students in
the class.
34. After 4 years 'A' will be 3 times as old as he was 4 years ago. Find his
present age.
35. In an examination a student scores 4 marks for every correct answer and
loses 1 mark for every wrong answer. If he attempts 75 questions and
scores 125 marks, then find the number of correct questions he answered.
36. 'A' is 20 years older than B, he is also 6 times as old as B. What are their
ages?
37. One third of a number is 10 less than two third of the number. Find the
number.
38. One of the angles of a triangle is equal to the sum of the other two angles.
If the ratio of the other two angles is 2:3, find the angles of the triangles.
39. Find three consecutive even natural numbers whose sum is 216.
40. Find a number whose double is 45 greater than its half.

Page | 7
ANSWERS
Q. No. Answer Q. No. Answer

1 1 21 200

2 0 22 47, 49, 51

3 2 23 76, 78, 80

4 7 24 40
𝟏
5 25 36
𝟓
6 −𝟐 26 𝟔 𝒄𝒎

7 𝟎 27 80

8 −𝟐 28 𝟓𝟒 𝒎, 𝟑𝟔 𝒎

9 𝟏𝟑 29 15

10 96 30 28 years

11 10,11,12 31 𝟔 𝒄𝒎

12 1350 sq.cm 32 𝟑𝟎°

13 36 33 22

14 `𝟒𝟓𝟎 34 8 years

15 80 35 40

A’s age = 24 years

16 144 36
B’s age = 4 years

17 32, 36, 40 37 30

18 6 38 𝟑𝟔°, 𝟓𝟒°, 𝟗𝟎°

19 40 39 70,72,74

20 50 𝒎 40 30

Page | 8
 Chapter-3
Understanding Quadrilaterals
Points to Remember
 When we join a number of points without lifting a pen/pencil from the
paper we get a plane curve.
 A simple closed curve made up of only line segments is called a polygon
e.g. triangle, quadrilateral, pentagon etc. are polygons.
 Sum of interior angles of a polygon of n sides= (n-2)×180o.
 Sum of all exterior angles of a polygon=360o.
 Number of sides of a regular polygon × measure of each exterior angle =
360o.
 A parallelogram is a quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel.
 The adjacent angles of a parallelogram are supplementary.
 The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
 The diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right angle.
 The diagonals of a square are equal and bisect each other at right angle.
 The diagonals of a rectangle are equal and bisect each other.
𝒏(𝒏−𝟑)
 Number of diagonals in a n-sided polygon= .
𝟐

Quadrilateral

Parallelogram
Trapezium Kite

Rhombus Rectangle

Square
(Square is a rhombus and rectangle both but the converse may not be true)

Page | 9
QUESTIONS
1. What is the maximum number of obtuse angles that a quadrilateral can
have?
2. What is the sum of all interior angles of a hexagon?
3. How many non over lapping triangles can we make in a polygon having n
sides by joining the vertices?
4. If two adjacent angles of a parallelogram are (𝟓𝒙 − 𝟓°) and (𝟏𝟎𝒙 + 𝟑𝟓°),
then find the ratio of these angles.
5. The angles of a quadrilateral are in the ratio 1:2:3:4. Find the difference
between the smallest and the largest angle.
6. If PQRS is a ∥gm, then find ∠𝑸 − ∠𝑺.
7. What is the number of sides of a regular polygon whose exterior angle
measures 72°?
8. If only one diagonal of a quadrilateral bisects the other, then which type
of quadrilateral is it?
9. The interior angles of a triangle are in the ratio 3:2:1, then what is the
ratio of its exterior angles?
10. If the area of a square is 289 sq.cm, then find the length of its diagonal.
11. If a square has a diagonal of length 12√𝟏𝟐 cm, find its area.
12. How many sides does a regular polygon have if each of its interior angle is
160o ?
13. If the sum of all interior angles of a polygon is 1080o, then how many sides
does a polygon have?
14. How many diagonals does a regular hexagon have?
15. What is the measure of each interior angle of a regular polygon having 12
sides?
16. The ratio of each exterior angle to each interior angle of a regular
polygon is 2:3. What is the number of sides of the polygon?
𝟑
17. The longer side of a parallelogram is 8cm. If the shorter side is 𝟒 times of

the longer side, then what is the perimeter of the parallelogram?

18. What is the number of diagonals in a polygon of 12 sides?
19. A polygon has 27 diagonals. How many sides does it have?

Page | 10
20. In parallelogram ABCD, ∠𝑨 is greater than ∠𝑩 by 5o. What is the
measure of ∠𝑫?
21. The length of two diagonals of a rectangle are (x+3) cm and (2x-7) cm,
find the value of x.
22. The angles of a quadrilateral are in the ratio 1:3:4:4, then what is the sum
of two greatest angles of the quadrilateral?
23. In a regular polygon, each interior angle is thrice the exterior angle. What
is the number of sides of a polygon?
24. The interior angle of a regular polygon is 100o more than its exterior
angle. What is the number of sides of the polygon?
25. The interior angle of a regular polygon exceeds its exterior angle by 108o.
What is the number of sides of the polygon?
26. Two adjacent angles of a parallelogram are (2x+30)o and (3x-15)o, what is
the value of x?
27. The lengths of the diagonals of a rhombus are 16 cm and 12 cm. what is
the perimeter of the rhombus?
28. Find the value of x.
C

Xo
D
74o

105o
115o

A B

Page | 11
29. Find the value of x.

70o

E C
o
(x-10)
xo

80o 60o

A B

30. ABCD is a rhombus. If ∠𝐀𝐁𝐃 = 35o, find the value of x.

31. Find the value of x.

D C
H

50o

A 𝒙

115o B F
E

Page | 12
32. ABCD is a parallelogram, Find the values of x, y and z.

D C

𝒛o
𝒚o

45o

𝒙o 70o
A
B

33. ABCD is a parallelogram, Find the value of 𝒙.

D C

45o

𝒙o

35o 40o
A B

34. If PQRS is a rhombus, find x.

O
P R

𝐏𝐒 = (𝒙 + 𝟏) 𝐜𝐦

𝐏𝐎 = 𝒙 𝐜𝐦

𝐎𝐒 = (𝒙 − 𝟏)𝐜𝐦 S

Page | 13
35. If ABCD is a rectangle, find x.
AC = (2x - 1) cm
BD = (x + 5) cm
D C

A B

36. ABCD is a parallelogram, BC=BE, find x.

A B

125o
x

D C E

37. ABCD is a rhombus, find the value of y-x.

Page | 14
38. ABCD is a trapezium, in which CB∥DA, CP and BP are bisectors of ∠𝑪
and ∠𝑩 respectively, find ∠𝑨 and ∠𝑫.

C
B
25 o 30o

D A

39. Find x, if ABCD and PQRS are parallelograms.

D R C Q

120o xo

70o

A
B S P

40. ABCD is a parallelogram, find x and y.

A B

5y+1 2(x+1)

3x-1 O 6y-1

D C

Page | 15
ANSWERS
Question No. Answer Question No. Answer

1. 3 21. 𝒙=10

2. 720o 22. 240o

3. n-2 23. 8

4. 1:3 24. 9

5. 108o 25. 10

6. 0o 26. 𝒙=33

7. 5 27. 40 cm

8. kite 28. 66

9. 3:4:5 29. 𝒙=130

10. 17√𝟐 cm 30. 55°

11. 864 sq. cm 31. 105°

𝒙 = 𝟐𝟓, 𝒚 = 𝟒𝟓,
12. 18 32.
𝒛 = 𝟏𝟏𝟎

13. 8 33. 𝒙 =75

14. 9 34. 𝒙 =4

15. 150o 35. 𝒙 =6

16. 5 36. 𝒙 =70o

17. 28cm 37. 40o

∠𝑨 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎°,
18. 54 38.
∠𝑫 = 𝟏𝟑𝟎°

19. 9 39. 𝒙 =50

𝒙 = 3 units,
20. 87.5o 40.
𝒚= 2 units

Page | 16
 Chapter-4
Practical Geometry
Points to Remember
 To construct a quadrilateral uniquely, we must know at least five of its parts.
 The Five parts of a quadrilateral that are sufficient to construct a quadrilateral
are:
o 4 sides and 1 diagonal.
o 4 sides and 1 angle.
o 3 sides and both diagonals.
o 3 sides and 2 included angles.
o 3 angles and 2 included sides.
 The Five parts required for constructing a quadrilateral must also satisfy:
o The triangle inequality(i.e. sum of two sides is greater than the third side)
o Angle sum property of a triangle, wherever applicable.
 It is possible to construct a quadrilateral with other sufficient data (other than
above five simple cases) where less than five parts but some other relations
between the parts are given.

QUESTIONS
1. What is the minimum number of measurements required to construct a
parallelogram?
2. How many elements are required for constructing a quadrilateral uniquely?
3. In the figure given below AB= 𝑨𝑫 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝑩𝑪 = 𝑪𝑫, name the angles which are
equal.

Page | 17
4. If the diagonals of a quadrilateral bisect each other at right angles, then which
type of a quadrilateral is it?
5. In the given figure, PQRS is a parallelogram if ∠𝑸 =90o, then what will be the
name of the quadrilateral?

6. At least how many measurements are required to construct a square?

7. ABCD is a rhombus. If OD=4cm and AO=3cm, then find the value of AC+BD.

8. At least how many measurements are required for constructing rhombus?

9. Name the property which is used to construct a parallelogram if it’s one side and
both diagonals are given.
10. Name the property which is used to construct a rhombus, if it’s both diagonals
are given.
11. In the given figure KITE is a parallelogram then find KE+ET.

Page | 18
12. Two sticks each of length 5cm are crossing each other such that they bisect each
at right angles. What shape is formed by joining their end points?
13. CARE is a rhombus whose diagonals intersect at O. If AR=10cm and diagonal
AE=16cm then find the length of CR.

14. If the diagonals of a quadrilateral are of length 10cm and 12cm and they bisect
each other at right angles then what is the length of each side of the
quadrilateral?
15. In the given figure PQ//SR and PS = QR. Find PQ.

16. Three angles of a quadrilateral are equal. If the measure of fourth angle is 𝟏𝟓𝟎°,
then find the measure of equal angles.
17. From the given figure find x and y.

Page | 19
18. In the given parallelogram ABCD, 𝐂𝐄 ⊥ 𝐀𝐃, 𝐂𝐅 ⊥ 𝐀𝐁. If ∠𝑬𝑪𝑫 = 𝟒𝟎°, then find
∠𝐄𝐂𝐅.

19. PQRS is a rectangle in which diagonals intersect at J. Find the value of x if JR =

(8x+4) units and PR = (24x- 8) units.

20. In the given figure, ABCD is a square. If 𝐎𝐂 = √𝟖𝐜𝐦. Find AB + BC.

Page | 20
ANSWERS
Question Question
Answer Answer
No. No.
1. 3 11. 8 cm
2. 5 12. Square
3. ∠𝑩 𝒂𝒏𝒅 ∠𝑫 13. 12 cm
Rhombus or
4. 14. √𝟔𝟏𝐜𝐦
square
5. Rectangle 15. 30 cm
One side or one
6. 16 70°
diagonal
7. 14 cm 17. 𝒙 = 110°, 𝒚 = 80°
2 (one side and
8. 18. 50°
one diagonal)
The diagonals of a
9. parallelogram 19. 2
bisect each other
The diagonals of a
rhombus bisect
10. 20. 8 cm
each other at right
angle

Page | 21
 Chapter-5
Data Handling
Points to Remember
 Data in an unorganized form is called raw data.
 Frequency gives the number of times that a particular entry occurs in the data.
 The difference of highest value and the lowest value of observation is known as
range.
 Each entry collected as a numerical fact in the given data is known as
observation.
 Grouped data can be represented using histogram.
 Histogram is a type of bar diagram with class intervals shown on horizontal axis
and height of the bar shows the frequency of the class interval. Also, there is no
gap between the bars.
 A pie chart is also called a circle graph that shows the relationship between a
whole and its parts.
𝐕𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐧𝐭
𝐂𝐞𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐚𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐧𝐭 = × 𝟑𝟔𝟎°
𝐒𝐮𝐦 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐧𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐯𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞𝐬

 A random experiment is one whose outcome cannot be predicted exactly in

advance.
 An operation which can produce some well-defined outcomes is called an
Experiment.
 Each outcome of the experiment is called an event.
 Outcomes of an experiment are called "Equally likely" if each has the same
chance of occurring.
 When the outcomes are equally likely:

𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐟𝐚𝐯𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐨𝐮𝐭𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐬

𝐏𝐫𝐨𝐛𝐚𝐛𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 =
𝐓𝐨𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐍𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐞𝐫 𝐨𝐟 𝐩𝐨𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐨𝐮𝐭𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐞𝐬

Page | 22
QUESTIONS
1. Data available in an unorganized form is called ____ data.
2. Data represented using circle is known as _______.
3. In the class interval 26-33, 33 is known as ______.
4. The number of times a particular observation occurs in a given data is called its
_______.
5. Numbers 1 to 15 are written on separate slips i.e. one number on one slip and
they are put in a box. Radha pick a slip from the box without looking at it. What
is the probability that slip bears an odd number?
6. A dice is thrown once. Find the probability of getting a multiple of 2 or 3.
7. A family plays a game with a dice. In a single thrown of dice, getting a prime
number means father wins and getting an even number means son wins. Find the
probability that both will win simultaneously.
8. Find the range of the data 8, 15, 51, 62, 8, 72, 0 and 35.
9. A bag contains 80 red balls, 30 white balls and few blue balls. Find the number
𝟐
of blue balls in the bag if the probability of a getting a red ball is 𝟑.

10. The given pie chart shows the percentage breakdown of 800 votes in student's
elections. How many votes did Reena receive?

11. A card is drawn from a well shuffled pack of 52 cards. Find the probability of
getting neither a red card nor a queen.
12. Cards are marked from 10 to 100. A card is chosen at random. What is the
probability of getting a perfect number?
13. Two coins are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting atmost one
head.
14. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting the same

Page | 23
 number on both the dice.

15. Ravi scored 12, 92, 0 and 16 runs in the 4 innings. Find the average runs scored
by him.
16. Find the class mark of class Interval 1000-1100.
Number of
Wages (`)
workers
800-900 7
900-1000 13
1000-1100 2
1100-1200 8
1200-1300 10

17. In a multiple choice question with 5 options, Ranjeet randomly answered one
question. Find the probability that he answered it correctly.
18. In a hostel the following students speak different languages. If a pie chart is
formed, find the central angle made by Bengali speaking students.

Language
English Hindi Marathi Bengali
spoken

Number of
34 12 16 10
students

19. Find the probability that a leap year selected at random will have 53 Tuesdays.
20. Find the probability that a number selected from the numbers 1,2,3,4.....30, is a
perfect square number.
21. In a box of 600 electric bulbs, 15 bulbs are defective. One bulb is taken out at
random. Find the probability that it is a non-defective bulb.

The following pie chart shows the expenditure done by a family in different heads as
percentage of its income. Answer the questions from 22 to 27.

Page | 24
22. On which item, the expenditure is double than the expenditure on rent?
23. In which head, the expenditure is least?
24. If expenditure on food items is ` 5000, find the expenditure done by the family on
entertainment.
25. What is the ratio of the amount spent on education to that on the others?
26. Expenditure on which two heads are equal.
27. Find the difference of expenditures done on education and transport, if the
expenditure on rent is ` 4500.

In a school, a sports survey on 720 students shows the following results in the form
of a Pie chart. Answer the questions from 28 to 33.

Page | 25
28. Which is the least popular game in the school?
29. How many students do not like football?
30. How many students play football and lawn tennis?
31. Find the central angle made by cricket.
32. How many students like either cricket or football?
33. Find the number of students who like badminton.
Study the given bar graph and answer the following questions from 34 to 36.

34. For how many hours the least number of students watch T.V.
35. How many students watch T.V. less than 4 hours?
36. How many students spend more than 4 hours watching T.V.?

Study the given histogram and answer the following questions from 37 to 41.

Page | 26
37. What is the class size?
38. How many students obtain less than 20 marks?
39. How many students obtain 30 or more marks but less than 50?
40. How many students got more than 60 marks?
41. If the passing marks is 30, what is the number of failure students?

Study the given histogram and answer the following questions from 42 to 46.

42. Tell the age group in which the number of literate females is the highest.
43. What is the class width?
44. What is the lowest frequency?
45. In which age group literate females are least?
46. How many females are literate in the age group 20 to 30?

Page | 27
The following histogram shows the frequency distribution of ages of 25 teachers in a
school. Answer the following questions from 47 to 50.

47. What is the number of teachers in the group 25 to 45?

48. Find the size of classes.
49. How many teachers are in the age group 40-45?
50. How many teachers are in the age group 30-45?

Page | 28
ANSWERS
Question
Answer Question No. Answer
No.
1 𝐫𝐚𝐰 26 Transport and Food

2 Pie chart 27 ` 3000

3 𝐮𝐩𝐩𝐞𝐫 𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐭 28 Lawn tennis

4 𝐟𝐫𝐞𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲 29 576
𝟖
5 30 216
𝟏𝟓
𝟐
6 31 𝟏𝟎𝟖°
𝟑
𝟏
7 32 360
𝟔
8 72 33 108
9 10 34 1 hour
10 200 35 34 students
𝟔
11 36 14 students
𝟏𝟑
𝟏
12 37 10
𝟗𝟏
𝟑
13 38 9
𝟒
𝟏
14 39 11
𝟔
15 30 40 12
16 `1050 41 19
𝟏
17 42 15-20
𝟓
18 𝟓𝟎° 43 5
𝟐
19 44 300
𝟕
𝟏
20 45 10-15
𝟔
𝟑𝟗
21 46 1700
𝟒𝟎
22 Education 47 19
23 Entertainment 48 5

24 ` 1250 49 5
25 3:1 50 14

Page | 29
 Chapter-6
Square and Square Roots
Points to Remember
 A Natural number x is a perfect square if there exists a natural number y such
that x=y2.
 A number ending in 2, 3, 7 or 8 is never a perfect square.
 The number of zeros in the end of a perfect square is never odd.
 Square of even numbers are always even.
 Square of odd numbers are always odd.
𝒏(𝒏+𝟏)
 Sum of first 𝒏 natural numbers= 𝟐

 Sum of first 𝒏 natural even numbers=𝒏(𝒏 + 𝟏)

 Sum of first 𝒏 natural odd numbers=𝒏𝟐
 The square of a natural number other than 1 is either a multiple of 4 or exceeds
a multiple of 4 by 1.
 The square of a natural number other than 1 is either a multiple of 3 or exceeds
a multiple of 3 by 1.
 For any number 𝒏 greater than 1, (𝟐𝒏, 𝒏𝟐 − 𝟏, 𝒏𝟐 + 𝟏)is a Pythagorean triplet.

QUESTIONS
1. How many perfect squares lie between 100 and 1000?
2. Write the smallest four digit perfect square number.
3. Find the value of x, if (𝟑)𝟐 + (𝟒)𝟐 + (𝟏𝟐)𝟐 = (𝒙)𝟐
4. Simplify:√𝟏𝟐 × 𝟖 + 𝟏𝟐 × 𝟒

5. Simplify:√(𝟎. 𝟎𝟏) + √𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟒

6. Simplify:√𝟑𝟐𝟎 + √𝟗 + √𝟒𝟗

𝟒𝟒𝟏𝟎
7. Simplify:√𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 × √ 𝟒.𝟒𝟏

8. Find the value of (𝟓𝟎𝟐)𝟐 − (𝟒𝟗𝟗)𝟐

9. Simplify: 𝟓𝟐 − 𝟒𝟐 + 𝟑𝟐 − 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐

Page | 30
10. Simplify:(√𝟑𝟐𝟒 ÷ 𝟔)𝟐
11. Simplify:√𝟏𝟎𝟎 + √𝟎. 𝟎𝟗
𝟓
12. Simplify:√𝟐𝟒.𝟐

13. How many 2’s are there in the prime factorization of 4000?
14. Find the least number that should be added to 221 to get a perfect square.
15. If area of a square field is 1764 sq. m. Find its perimeter.
16. How many numbers lie between (𝟏𝟎)𝟐 and (𝟏𝟓)𝟐?
17. Find the value of(𝟏𝟐 + 𝟕 + 𝟑 + 𝟐 + 𝟏 + 𝟎)𝟐.
18. Simplify: (√𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟒 − √𝟗𝟔𝟏)𝟐
19. How many digits are there in the square root of 15625?
20. How many digits will be there in the square of 999?

21. Find the value of √𝟑𝟏 + √𝟐𝟏 + √𝟏𝟓 + √𝟏

22. Find the value of √𝟓𝟒 − √𝟐𝟏 + √𝟏𝟖 − √𝟒

23. Find the value of 𝟑 + 𝟓 + 𝟕 + 𝟗 + 𝟏𝟏 + 𝟏𝟑 + 𝟏𝟓 + 𝟏𝟕 + 𝟏𝟗 + 𝟐𝟏 + 𝟐𝟑

24. Find the value of x if, (𝟔)𝟐 + (𝟕)𝟐 + (𝟒𝟐)𝟐 = (𝒙)𝟐
25. Find the value of 𝟐 + 𝟒 + 𝟔 + 𝟖 + 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟏𝟐 + 𝟏𝟒 + 𝟏𝟔 + 𝟏𝟖 + 𝟐𝟎
26. Find the value of x if, (𝟒)𝟐 + (𝟓)𝟐 + (𝟐𝟎)𝟐 = (𝒙)𝟐
27. Find the value of (𝟏 × 𝟐) + (𝟐 × 𝟑) + (𝟑 × 𝟒) + (𝟒 × 𝟓)
28. Find the value of (𝟑𝟏)𝟐 − (𝟐𝟗)𝟐 .
29. Find the value of √𝟗𝟗 × √𝟒𝟒
30. What is the sum of first 14 odd natural numbers?
31. Find X and Y if (𝑿)𝒀 = 𝟒𝟒𝟏such that 𝑿 > 𝒀, where X and Y are positive
integers.
32. If length of a rectangular park is 80 m and its breadth is 60 m. find the sum of
length of its diagonals.
33. Evaluate: (𝟐 + √𝟑)𝟐 + (𝟐 − √𝟑)𝟐 .
34. Find the least number that should be subtracted from 537 to get a perfect
square.
35. If the area of a square is 20.25 sq. m, find its perimeter.

Page | 31
36. Find the least number by which 288 must be multiplied so that it becomes a
perfect square.
37. Find the least number by which 147 must be divided so that it becomes a perfect
square.
𝟏
38. The area of a square field is 𝟑𝟎 𝟒sq. m. Find the length of the side of the square.

39. Find the length of a side of a square playground whose area is equal to the area
of rectangular field of dimension 72m and 50m.
√𝟔𝟐𝟓−√𝟒𝟒𝟏
40. Find the value of
√𝟔𝟐𝟓+√𝟒𝟒𝟏

41. Find: 9+11+13+15+17+19+21+23

42. How many perfect squares lie between 0 and 550?

𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟔
43. Find the value of √√𝟐𝟒𝟎𝟏

44. Find the value of (𝟒𝟒 + 𝟑)𝟐 − (𝟒𝟒 − 𝟑)𝟐

45. Find the value of (√𝟒𝟒𝟏 − √𝟏𝟗𝟔 + √𝟏𝟐𝟏 − √𝟔𝟒)
46. Find the missing number: 𝟏𝟕𝟓 × ___ = (𝟑𝟓)𝟐
47. Find the Pythagorean triplet whose smallest number is 12.
48. Find 𝒙 if, 𝟓𝒙 = (𝟒𝟗)𝟐 − (𝟒𝟒)𝟐
49. Find 𝒙 if, 𝒙 = √𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟑 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕 + 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏 + 𝟎. 𝟏𝟒
50. Find 𝒙 if, 𝒙 = (𝟗 + 𝟒√𝟓)(𝟗 − 𝟒√𝟓)

Page | 32
 ANSWERS
Question No. Answer Question No. Answer

1. 21 26. 𝒙 = 𝟐𝟏

2. 1024 27. 40

3. 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟑 28. 120

4. 12 29. 66

5. 0.3 30. 196

6. 18 31. X= 𝟐𝟏, Y= 𝟐

7. 1000 32. 200 m

8. 3003 33. 14

9. 15 34. 8

10. 9 35. 18 m

11. 10.3 36. 2

𝟓
12. 37. 3
𝟏𝟏
13. 5 38. 5.5 m

14. 4 39. 60 m
𝟐
15. 168 m 40.
𝟐𝟑
16. 124 41. 128

17. 625 42. 23

𝟔
18. 1 43.
𝟕
19. 3 44. 528

20. 6 45. 10

21. 6 46. 7

22. 7 47. 12,16,20 or 12,35,37

23. 143 48. 93

24. 𝒙 = 𝟒𝟑 49. 0.6

25. 110 50 1

Page | 33
 Chapter-7
Cube and Cube Roots
Points to Remember
 When a given number is multiplied by itself three times, the new number
obtained is called cube of the given number and given number is called cube root
of the new number i.e. a number ‘m’ is the cube root of a number ‘n’ if 𝐧 = 𝐦𝟑
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
or 𝐦 = √𝐧. symbol √ represents cube root. E.g. 𝟐𝟑 = 𝟖 𝒐𝒓 𝟐 = √𝟖
 Numbers 1729, 4104, 13832 etc. are called Hardy-Ramanujan numbers. They
can be expressed as the sum of two cubes in two different ways.
𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟗 = 𝟏𝟑 + 𝟏𝟐𝟑 𝒐𝒓 𝟗𝟑 + 𝟏𝟎𝟑
 Cube of a number having 1, 4, 6 or 9 as one’s digit has the same digit at one’s
place.
As 𝟏𝟑 = 𝟏(𝟏𝟑 has 1 at its unit place)
𝟒𝟑 = 𝟔𝟒(𝟒𝟑 has 4 at its unit place)
𝟗𝟑 = 𝟕𝟐𝟗(𝟗𝟑 has 9 at its unit place)
 If a number has 3 at its one’s place, then its cube has 7 at its one’s place, also if a
number has 7 at one’s place then its cube has 3 at one’s place.
As 𝟑𝟑 = 𝟐𝟕(𝟑𝟑 has 7 at its unit place)
𝟕𝟑 = 𝟑𝟒𝟑(𝟕𝟑 has 3 at its unit place)
 If a number has 2 at one’s place then its cube has 8 at one’s place, also if a
number has 8 at one’s place then its cube has 2 at one’s place.
As 𝟐𝟑 = 𝟖(𝟐𝟑 has 8 at its unit place)
𝟖𝟑 = 𝟓𝟏𝟐(𝟖𝟑 has 2 at its unit place)

 For two consecutive natural numbers p and q (p>q).

𝒑𝟑 − 𝒒𝟑 = 𝟑𝒑𝒒 + 𝟏
e.g
𝟓𝟑 − 𝟒𝟑 = 𝟏𝟐𝟓 − 𝟔𝟒 = 𝟔𝟏 = 𝟑(𝟓 × 𝟒) + 𝟏

Page | 34
  For any positive integer ‘n’, we have
𝟑 𝟑
√−𝒏 = − √𝒏
 For any two integers a and b we have
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑
i. √𝒂𝒃 = √𝒂 × √𝒃
𝟑
𝟑 𝒂 √𝒂
ii. √𝒃 = 𝟑 ,𝒃 ≠ 𝟎
√𝒃

QUESTIONS
𝟏𝟎
𝟑 𝟐
1. If 𝒙 = √𝟎.𝟐𝟕, find 𝒙 + 𝟑.

𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟒 𝟑
2. Find the value of √ 𝟓𝟒 .

𝟑 𝟏𝟐
3. Simplify: √𝟒 𝟏𝟐𝟓.

4. Find the smallest natural number other than 1, which is a perfect square as well
as perfect cube.
5. Find the maximum number of digits in the cube of 4-digit number.
6. Find the minimum number of digit in the cube of a three-digit number.
7. If 𝟔𝟒𝒃 = 𝒃𝟒 then find the value of 𝒃𝟐 (𝒃 ≠ 𝟎).
8. Evaluate (𝟎. 𝟑)𝟑 − (𝟎. 𝟐)𝟑 .
9. Write the unit’s digit of 𝟑√𝟐𝟏𝟔 × 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟖
10. If (𝟐𝟏𝟔)𝒙 = 𝟑𝟔, then find x.
𝟑 𝟐
11. Evaluate (𝟓)𝟑 − (𝟓)𝟑
𝟑
12. Simplify: √(𝟑𝟒𝟑 × 𝟔𝟒)
𝟑
13. Simplify: √(−𝟓𝟎 × 𝟒𝟎 × 𝟒)
14. Simplify: 𝟑𝟑𝟏 + 𝟑𝟑𝟏 + 𝟑𝟑𝟏
15. Simplify: 𝟕𝟑𝟐 × 𝟕−𝟑𝟒 × 𝟕𝟒
𝟏
16. 𝟗𝒙 + 𝟗𝒙 + 𝟗𝒙 = 𝟐𝟒𝟑, then find x.
17. Evaluate 𝟑√(𝟐 × 𝟐 × 𝟐𝟏 × 𝟕 × 𝟕 × 𝟔 × 𝟑)
18. Volume of a cube is 729 cm3. Then find the area of its face.
𝟎.𝟎𝟏
𝟑
19. Evaluate √(𝟏𝟕.𝟐𝟖)

Page | 35
 𝟏
20. Evaluate {𝟓𝟎𝟎 + (𝟏𝟎𝟒 )𝟒 }𝟑
𝟏
21. Evaluate {(𝟐𝟒𝟐 + 𝟕𝟐 )𝟐 }𝟑

22. The figure shows a cuboid with volume 1800 cm3. Find the value of x.
A B

F
E
6 cm

D
C
3 cm
H (x+3) cm G

23. Find the smallest number that can be expressed in two different ways as sum of
two different cubes. What is the special name given to such numbers?
24. Find the largest negative number which is a perfect cube.
25. If 𝟑𝟗𝟐 = 𝟐 × 𝟐 × 𝟐 × 𝟕 × 𝟕, 28=2× 𝟐 × 𝟕, and 𝟖𝟏 = 𝟑 × 𝟑 × 𝟑 × 𝟑
Find the least number by which 𝟑𝟗𝟐 × 𝟐𝟖 × 𝟖𝟏 should be multiplied to get a perfect
cube.
26. Area of one face of a cube is 121 cm2. Find the volume of the cube.
27. Find the value of 𝟐𝟎𝟑 − 𝟏𝟕𝟑 if 𝟐𝟎𝟐 + 𝟏𝟕𝟐 + 𝟐𝟎 × 𝟏𝟕=1029.
28. Find the value of 𝟏𝟑𝟑 + 𝟏𝟕𝟑 if 𝟏𝟑𝟐 + 𝟏𝟕𝟐 − 𝟏𝟑 × 𝟏𝟕=237.
29. Find the unit digit of (𝟓𝟑𝟐𝟕)𝟑
𝟑 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝟑 𝟓
30. Evaluate √ ÷ √𝟓𝟏𝟐
𝟓𝟏𝟐

31. Find the number of unit cubes in the given figure.

Page | 36
32. How many cubes of edges 4 cm will be obtained on melting a solid of edge 12 cm?
33. Find the volume of a cube of edge 12cm.
34. Find the cube root of 46656.
35. The volume of a cube is 9261000 m3. Find the edge of the cube.
36. Find the cube root of (-1728)×125.
37. Find the number of thousand in 𝟐𝟒 × 𝟐𝟒 × 𝟓𝟒 .
38. Find the number of hundreds in 𝟏𝟒 × 𝟐𝟒 × 𝟓𝟐 .
39. Two cubes have their volumes in the ratio 1:8. If the volume of smaller cube is
125 cubic cm. Find the side of another cube.
𝟑 𝟏𝟎𝟒
40. Simplify √𝟓
𝟏𝟐𝟓

41. Evaluate 𝟏𝟎𝟑 − 𝟗𝟑

𝟑 𝟑
42. Evaluate √𝟏𝟓𝟔𝟐𝟒 + √𝟎. 𝟖 + 𝟑√𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟖
43. How many consecutive odd numbers will be needed to obtain the sum as 𝟓𝟑 .
44. Find x if 𝟕𝟐𝒙−𝟏 = 𝟑𝟒𝟑.
𝟏
45. Evaluate :[(𝟏𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔𝟐 )𝟐 ]𝟑

Page | 37
ANSWERS
Question No. Answer Question No. Answer

1729, Ramanujan
1. 4 23.
Hardy Numbers
𝟐
2. 𝟐 24. -1
𝟑
𝟑
3. 1𝟓 25. 18

4. 64 26. 1331 cubic cm

5. 12 27. 3087

6. 7 28. 7110

7. 16 29. 3

8. 0.019 30. 20

9. 2 31. 60
𝟐
10. 32. 27
𝟑
𝟏𝟗
11. 33. 1728 cubic cm
𝟏𝟐𝟓
12. 28 34. 36

13. -20 35. 210m

14. 𝟑𝟑𝟐 36. -60

15. 49 37. 240 thousand

16. -3 38. 56 hundred

17. 42 39. 10 cm
𝟒
18. 81 square cm 40. 𝟏
𝟓
𝟏
19. 41. 271
𝟏𝟐
20. 1331 42. 25

21. 15625 43. 5

22. 97 cm 44. 2

45. 8000

Page | 38
 Chapter-8
Comparing Quantities
Points to Remember
 Gain and loss are always calculated on the cost price (CP).
 A decimal can be converted into a percent by shifting the decimal two places to
the right.
 If 𝑺. 𝑷. > 𝑪. 𝑷. (in case of profit)
 𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒇𝒊𝒕 = 𝑺. 𝑷. −𝑪. 𝑷.
𝟏𝟎𝟎+ 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒇𝒊𝒕 %
 𝑺. 𝑷. = 𝑪. 𝑷. ( )
𝟏𝟎𝟎

𝟏𝟎𝟎
 𝑪 . 𝑷. = 𝑺. 𝑷. (𝟏𝟎𝟎+ 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒇𝒊𝒕 %)

 If 𝑪. 𝑷. > 𝑺. 𝑷. (in case of loss)

 𝑳𝒐𝒔𝒔 = 𝑪. 𝑷. −𝑺. 𝑷.
𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝒍𝒐𝒔𝒔 %
 𝑺. 𝑷. = 𝑪. 𝑷. ( )
𝟏𝟎𝟎

𝟏𝟎𝟎
 𝑪 . 𝑷. = 𝑺. 𝑷. (𝟏𝟎𝟎−𝒍𝒐𝒔𝒔 %)

 𝑫𝒊𝒔𝒄𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒕 = 𝑴𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒆𝒅 𝑷𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒆 − 𝑺𝒆𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑷𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒆

𝑫𝒊𝒔𝒄𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒕
 𝑫𝒊𝒔𝒄𝒐𝒖𝒏𝒕 % = × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝐌𝐚𝐫𝐤𝐞𝐝 𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐞

 If Principal = ` P, Rate of Interest = R % per annum, Time = T years

𝑷×𝑹×𝑻
Simple Interest = 𝑺𝑰 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎

𝑹 𝑻 𝑹 𝑻
 Compound Interest, 𝑪𝑰 = 𝑷 (𝟏 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎) − 𝑷 and Amount, 𝑨 = 𝑷 (𝟏 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎)

Page | 39
QUESTIONS
1. Find 𝒙, if 𝟒, 𝟔, 𝟔, 𝒙 are in proportion.
2. Convert 7:8 into percentage.
3. If 𝟐𝟓% 𝒐𝒇 𝟐𝟎𝟎 = 𝟏𝟎% 𝒐𝒇 𝒙, find 𝒙.
4. Out of `750, I saved 20%. Find my spending.
𝟏
5. In a gathering 87𝟐% people are standing. Find the percentage of people not

standing.
6. Express 12.5% as a ratio.
7. Find 𝒙, if 𝒙% 𝒐𝒇 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟏𝟒𝟒.
8. If 25% of a number is 148, find the number.
9. Express 1.234% as a decimal.
10. 105 chocolates are distributed between Pooja and Anupama in the ratio 2:3. How
many chocolates will Anupama get?
11. Salma bought a car for `50000 and sold it for `60000. Find her profit percent.
12. If 𝒙% 𝒐𝒇 𝟏𝟓𝟎 + 𝟐𝟓% 𝒐𝒇 𝒙 + 𝟐𝟓 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎, find the value of 𝒙.
13. In an examination, a student has to score 40% marks to pass. He gets 65 marks
and fails by 15 marks. Find the maximum number of marks.
14. 60% of 30 students are good in mathematics, how many are not good in it?
15. If 𝟒𝟐% 𝒐𝒇 𝒚 = 𝟖𝟒 then find y.
16. Find 𝟏𝟐% 𝒐𝒇 ` 1200.
17. A shopkeeper buys a toy for `2500 and sell it for ` 3000. Find his gain and gain %.
18. How much is 2% of 300 kilogram?
19. Find (𝟐𝟓% 𝒐𝒇 𝟔𝟎𝟎) − (𝟐𝟎% 𝒐𝒇 𝟒𝟓𝟎).
20. Express 174% as a fraction.
21. Convert (𝟎. 𝟏𝟐𝟑 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟐𝟓) into percentage.
22. Sonam's present salary is `35000. She gets an increment of 10%, find her new
salary.
23. Find 𝟑. 𝟓% 𝒐𝒇 𝟓𝟎𝟎.
24. If 75% of a number is added to 150, the result is the number itself. Find the
number.
25. The cost of 6 pens is ` 72. Find the cost of 9 such pens.
𝟏𝟒
26. Convert 𝟐𝟓 into percentage.

Page | 40
27. Ramesh got 450 marks out of 500. Find his percentage of marks.
28. Find the difference between a paisa and 1% of a rupee.
29. If 𝟒𝟎% 𝒐𝒇 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟖𝟎 = 𝟓𝟔𝟒 then find the value of 𝒙.
30. What is the resultant discount which is equal to (50%+20%) discount?
31. Pushpa bought a shirt for ` 250, a frock for ` 350 and a pair of jeans for `650.
She paid
` 1000 for all. How much discount did she get?
32. Evaluate 𝟗𝟎% 𝒐𝒇 ` 5000 + 𝟖𝟎% 𝒐𝒇 ` 1000 − 𝟐𝟓% 𝒐𝒇 ` 6000.
33. Find the difference between simple interest and compound interest for the sum
of ` 2000 at the rate of 10% p. a. for 2 years.
34. Find the difference between simple interest and compound interest for the sum
of ` 25700 at the rate of 10% p.a. for 1 year.
35. What percent is 75 minutes of 2 hours?
36. If an article was sold for ` 93, after a discount of ` 23.75. Find its marked price.
37. The price of a computer is ` 25000. The sales tax charged is 12%. Find the
amount that you will have to pay to buy it.
38. The present value of a machine is ` 1000. Its value depreciates every year by
10%. What will be its value after 2 years?
39. Find the simple interest on ` 7000 for 3 years at the rate of 10% per annum.
40. By selling a chair for ` 880, Rohan loses 20%. Find the cost price of the chair.
(𝟎.𝟏𝟎𝟓+𝟎.𝟏𝟗𝟓)
41. Express as percent.
𝟎.𝟏𝟓
42. Find gain or loss in percentage if CP = ` 1600 and SP = ` 1840.
43. Amisha gets 70 marks in her exams which is 56% of the total marks. Find the
maximum marks.
44. Find 𝒙, if 𝟐𝟓% 𝒐𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒙% 𝒐𝒇 𝟒𝟓 + 𝟗𝟎 = 𝒙
45. An umbrella is sold at ` 375, with a loss of 25%. What is its cost price?
46. Find 𝒙, 𝒊𝒇 𝒙: 𝟏𝟔 ∷ 𝟗: 𝒙
47. Find 𝟏𝟓% 𝒐𝒇 𝟑𝟎𝟎 + 𝟐𝟎% 𝒐𝒇 𝟒𝟎𝟎
48. Convert 𝟎. 𝟖𝟕𝟓% into fraction.
49. If 20% of 20% of x = 20, then find x.
50. If 40% of a number is added to the number itself, it becomes 560. Find the
number.

Page | 41
ANSWERS
Question No. Answer Question No. Answer
1 9 26 56%
2 87.5% 27 90%
3 500 28 0
4 ` 600 29 960
5 12.5% 30 60%
6 1:8 31 ` 250
7 600 32 ` 3800
8 592 33 ` 20
9 0.01234 34 0
10 63 35 62.5%
11 20% 36 ` 116.75
12 100 37 ` 28000
13 200 38 ` 810
14 12 39 ` 2100
15 200 40 ` 1100
16 ` 144 41 200%
Gain = ` 500
Gain% =
17 Gain% = 42
15%
20%
18 6 kg 43 125
19 60 44 300
𝟑𝟕
20 𝟏 𝟓𝟎 45 ` 500

21 14.8% 46 12
22 ` 38500 47 125
𝟕
23 17.5 48
𝟖𝟎𝟎
24 600 49 500
25 ` 108 50 400

Page | 42
 Chapter-9
Algebraic Expressions and Identities
Points to Remember
Standard Algebraic Identities
 (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐
 (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 − 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐
 (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐 = (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐 + 𝟒𝒂𝒃
 (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐 = (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒃
 (𝒂 + 𝒃)(𝒂 − 𝒃) = 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐
 (𝒙 + 𝒂)(𝒙 + 𝒃) = 𝒙𝟐 + (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝒙 + 𝒂𝒃
 (𝒙 − 𝒂)(𝒙 + 𝒃) = 𝒙𝟐 + (−𝒂 + 𝒃)𝒙 − 𝒂𝒃
 (𝒙 + 𝒂)(𝒙 − 𝒃) = 𝒙𝟐 + (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝒙 − 𝒂𝒃
 (𝒙 − 𝒂)(𝒙 − 𝒃) = 𝒙𝟐 − (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝒙 + 𝒂𝒃
 (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟑 = 𝒂𝟑 + 𝒃𝟑 + 𝟑𝒂𝒃(𝒂 + 𝒃)
 (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟑 = 𝒂𝟑 − 𝒃𝟑 − 𝟑𝒂𝒃(𝒂 − 𝒃)
 𝒂𝟑 − 𝒃𝟑 = (𝒂 − 𝒃)(𝒂𝟐 + 𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 )
 𝒂𝟑 + 𝒃𝟑 = (𝒂 + 𝒃)(𝒂𝟐 − 𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 )

QUESTIONS

1. Simplify: (𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙𝒚𝟐 )𝟐

2. Simplify: (𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟔𝒚𝟐 ) ÷ (𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚)
3. Simplify: (𝟑𝒂 + 𝟐𝒃)(𝟑𝒂 − 𝟐𝒃) − 𝟓𝒃𝟐
4. Simplify: (𝟒𝒙 − 𝟑𝒚)𝟐 + 𝟐𝟒𝒙𝒚
𝟗𝒙𝟐 +𝟐𝟒𝒙𝒚+𝟏𝟔𝒚𝟐
5. Simplify: 𝟑𝒙+𝟒𝒚

6. Simplify: (𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟔) ÷ (𝒙 + 𝟐)
7. Simplify: (𝟔. 𝟐𝟓𝒑𝟐 − 𝟐. 𝟐𝟓𝒒𝟐 ) ÷ (𝟐. 𝟓𝒑 + 𝟏. 𝟓𝒒)
8. Simplify: (𝟕𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚)𝟐 − 𝟒𝟗𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟔𝒚𝟐
9. Simplify: (𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙 + 𝟐𝟓) ÷ (𝒙 + 𝟓)

Page | 43
10. Simplify: (𝒂 + 𝒃)(𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 − 𝒂𝒃)
11. Simplify: (𝒎𝟐 + 𝒎𝒏 + 𝒏𝟐 )(𝒎 − 𝒏)
12. If 𝒂 = 𝟑, 𝒃 = 𝟒, then find the value of (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐 + 𝒂𝒃
13. If 𝒎 = −𝟓, 𝒏 = 𝟕, 𝒂 = 𝟑, 𝒃 = 𝟑, then find the value of (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟑 + (𝒎 + 𝒏)𝟐
14. If 𝒑 = 𝟕, 𝒒 = −𝟓 then find the value of (𝒒 + 𝒑)𝟐 − 𝒒𝒑
15. If 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎, 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟕 then find the value of (𝒙 − 𝒚)𝟐 + (𝒙 + 𝒚)
16. If 𝒑 = 𝟏. 𝟓, 𝒒 = 𝟎. 𝟓 then find the value of (𝒑 + 𝒒)𝟐 − (𝟐)𝟑
17. If 𝒂 = 𝟏𝟎, 𝒃 = −𝟓, 𝒄 = 𝟐, then find the value of (𝒂 + 𝒃 + 𝒄)𝟑
𝟏𝟎𝟎
18. If 𝒙 = then find the value of 𝒙𝟐
√𝟐𝟓+(𝟏𝟎 ×𝟎)

19. If 𝒂 = 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟐 then find the value of 𝒂 − 𝟏

20. If 𝒎 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟐 − 𝟗𝟖𝟐 then find the value of 𝒎 + 𝟒
21. If 𝒂 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎, 𝒃 = 𝟗𝟖 then find the value of (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐 + (𝒂 + 𝒃)
22. Simplify: (√𝟐𝟓 − √𝟏𝟔)(√𝟏𝟔 − √𝟗) + √𝟑𝟔 − √𝟏𝟔
23. Simplify: (𝟐𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐 − (𝒂 + 𝟐𝒃)𝟐 + 𝟑𝒃𝟐 + 𝒂𝒃
24. Simplify: (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐 + (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐 − 𝒂𝒃
25. Simplify: (𝒂 − 𝒃)(𝒂 + 𝒃) + (𝒂 + 𝒃)(𝒂 − 𝒃) + 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐
26. If (𝟓)𝟐 − (𝟒. 𝟗)𝟐 = 𝒙, find the value of (𝟎. 𝟎𝟏 × 𝒙)
27. If (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐 = 𝟓 + 𝟐√𝟔, then find the value of a and b.
28. Simplify: (𝒙 + 𝒚)𝟐 − (𝒙 − 𝒚)𝟐 + 𝒙 − 𝒚
29. What should be subtracted from (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐to make it (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐 ?
30. What should be added in 𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔𝒚𝟐 to make it (𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚)𝟐 ?
31. 𝟏𝟐𝟏𝒎𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒏𝟐should be divided by which expression to get 𝟏𝟏𝒎 + 𝟏𝟎𝒏 ?
32. Simplify: (𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚)𝟐 + 𝟐𝟒𝒙𝒚
33. Simplify: (𝟑𝒙 − 𝟒𝒚)𝟐 − 𝟏𝟔𝒚𝟐
34. Simplify: (𝟐. 𝟓𝒎 − 𝟎. 𝟓𝒏)𝟐 + 𝟐. 𝟓𝒎𝒏 + 𝟑. 𝟓𝒎𝒏
35. What should be subtracted from (𝒙 + 𝒚)𝟐 to get 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ?
36. The sides of a rectangle are 𝟓𝒙 units and 𝟕𝒚 units. Find the area and perimeter
of the rectangle.
37. Find the value of 𝟔𝟏 × 𝟓. 𝟗
38. Find the value of 𝟑𝟎𝟐 × 𝟐𝟗𝟖

Page | 44
39. If 𝒙 = 𝟐 + √𝟑 and 𝒚 = 𝟐 − √𝟑, then find the value of (𝒙 − 𝒚)𝟐 .
40. Find the square root of 𝟓 + 𝟐√𝟔.
41. Find the square root of 𝟏𝟒 − 𝟔√𝟓.
42. If (𝟓𝟑)𝟐 = (𝟒𝟖)𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙, then find the value of 𝒙.
43. If 𝒂 = 𝟎. 𝟖 and 𝒃 = 𝟎. 𝟓, then find the value of 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 + 𝒂𝒃.
44. If 𝒙 = 𝟓 and 𝒃 = 𝟑. 𝟐, then find the value of 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒙𝒚.
45. If x= 𝟑 + 𝟐√𝟐 and 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟕 + 𝟏𝟐√𝟐, then find the value of √𝒚 − √𝒙.

Page | 45
 ANSWERS
Question No. Answer Question No. Answer

1. 𝟒𝒙𝟒 + 𝟗𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟒 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟐 24. 𝟐𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝒃𝟐 − 𝒂𝒃

2. 5x-4y 25. 𝟑𝒂𝟐 − 𝟑𝒃𝟐

3. 𝟗𝒂𝟐 − 𝟗𝒃𝟐 26. 𝒙 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟗𝟗

𝒂 = √𝟑, 𝒃 = √𝟐 𝒐𝒓
4. 16𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒚𝟐 27.
𝒂 = √𝟐, 𝒃 = √𝟑

5. 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 28. 𝟒𝒙𝒚 + 𝒙 − 𝒚

6. 𝒙+𝟑 29. 𝟒𝒂𝒃

7. 𝟐. 𝟓𝒑 − 𝟏. 𝟓𝒒 30. 𝟒𝟎𝒙𝒚

8. 𝟓𝟔𝒙𝒚 31. 𝟏𝟏𝒎 − 𝟏𝟎𝒏

9. 𝒙+𝟓 32. 𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒚𝟐 + 𝟑𝟔𝒙𝒚

10. 𝒂𝟑 + 𝒃𝟑 33. 𝟗𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟒𝒙𝒚

𝟔. 𝟐𝟓𝒎𝟐 + 𝟎. 𝟐𝟓𝒏𝟐
𝟑 𝟑
11. 𝒎 −𝒏 34.
+ 𝟑. 𝟓𝒎𝒏

12. 𝟔𝟏 35. 𝟐𝒙𝒚

Area=𝟑𝟓𝒙𝒚 sq.units,

13. 4 36. Perimeter=(𝟏𝟎𝒙 + 𝟏𝟒𝒚)

units

14. 39 37. 359.9

15. 76 38. 89996

16. -4 39. 12

17. 343 40. √𝟑 + √𝟐

18. 400 41. 𝟑 − √𝟓

19. 200 42. 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟎𝟏

20. 400 43. 1.29

21. 202 44. 19.24

22. 3 45. 𝟐 + √𝟐

23. 3𝒂𝟐 − 𝟕𝒂𝒃

Page | 46
 Chapter-10
Visualising Solid Shapes
Points to Remember
 Plane shapes or flat shapes having two measurements are called two dimensional
shapes (2D). e.g: triangles, circles, squares, rectangles etc.
 Solid shapes having three measurements are called three dimensional (3D)
shapes. for example: cube, cuboid, sphere, cone, cylinder, prism, pyramid etc.
 3D objects have different views from different positions.
 Distances on the map are proportional to the actual distance on the ground. This
is called scaling.
 Maps involve a scale which is fixed for a particular map. For example: 1cm = 1
km.
 A polygon is a plane figure made of line segments, it is a 2D figure. ). For
example: triangle, square etc.
 A polyhedron (Plural-Polyhedra) is a solid (3D shape) with flat polygonal faces.
Examples of Polyhedra are cube, cuboid, prism and pyramid.
 Sphere, cone and cylinder are not polyhedral as they don’t have flat polygonal
faces.
 A net for a 3-D figure is a sort of skeleton-outline in 2-D dimension which when
folded, results in three dimensional figure.
 Prism: A polyhedron whose base and top are congruent polygons and other faces
are parallelograms.
 Pyramid: a polyhedron whose base is a polygon and whose lateral faces are
triangles with a common vertex.
 In general, the number of faces, vertices and edges of prisms and pyramids are
given as Euler’s formula for a polyhedron is: F+V-E=2
Where ‘F’ stands for number of faces,
‘V’ stands for number of vertices,
‘E’ stands for number of edges.

Page | 47
 In general, the number of faces, vertices and edges of prisms and pyramids are
given as

Polyhedron Faces Vertices Edges

Prism n+2 2n 3n

Pyramid n+1 n+1 2n

Where ‘n’ is the number of sides of the base (Prism/Pyramid)

S.No Faces Vertices

Shape Name Edges (E)
. (F) (V)

Prism with a
1 square base 6 8 12
(Cube)

Prism with a
2 rectangular 6 8 12
base (Cuboid)

Prism with a
3 5 6 9
triangular base

Prism with a
4 8 12 18
hexagonal base

Pyramid with a
5 7 7 12
hexagonal base

Pyramid with a
6 5 5 8
square base

Pyramid with a
7 triangular base 4 4 6
(Tetrahedron)

Page | 48
 QUESTIONS
Identify the polyhedron whose nets are given below:

7. Following are the combinations of a polyhedron. Find the missing part to make
the combination true for a polyhedron.
i. 4 faces, 4 vertices, ______ edges.
ii. _______ faces, 20 vertices, 30 edges.
iii. 20 faces, _______ vertices, 54 edges.
iv. 14 faces, 24 vertices, _______ edges.
8. What is the other name for a triangular pyramid having congruent equilateral
triangles as faces?
9. What is the other name of a quadrilateral prism square base?
10. What is the special name of a polyhedron whose base is a polygon and whose
lateral faces are triangles with a common vertex?

Page | 49
 Find the number of squares visible in the top view, the side view and the front view
of the following solids:

11. 12.

13. 14.

15. 16.

17. Find the number of faces in a prism with a pentagonal base.

18. Find the number of edges in a pyramid with a pentagonal base.

Page | 50
19. Find the number of vertices in a triangular prism.
20. Find the number of faces in a pyramid with pentagonal base.
21. Find the number of edges in a prism with a pentagonal base.
22. Find the number of edges in a triangular pyramid.
23. Find the number of faces in a prism with a square base.
24. Find the number of faces in the given figure.

25. Find the number of edges in the given figure.

26. Find the number of vertices in the given figure .

Page | 51
27. What do we call the polygons forming a polyhedron?
28. Find the odd one out:
Matchbox, Chalk box, Book, Coin, Sugar cubes, Dice
29. Find the odd one out:
Ball, Sun, Earth, Circle, Moon, football, Bangle
30. Find the number of edges in the given figure .

31. Which 3-D shape is obtained on making a pile of 50 coins of the same size?
32. What is the minimum number of faces that a polyhedron can have?
33. A polyhedron has 6 edges and 4 faces. Find the number of its vertices.
34. A polyhedron has 7 vertices and 12 edges. Find the number of its faces.
35. Find the number of cuboids measuring 5 cm×3 cm ×2 cm required to form a
solid cube of edge 30 cm.
36. Find the number of unit cubes required to form a solid cuboid measuring 5
unit×4 units ×3 units.
37. Find the number of edges in the given figure .

Page | 52
38. Find the number of cubes required to make the adjacent 3D shape in figure .

39. Find the number of edges in a triangular prism.

40. Find the number of faces in a pyramid with a triangle as its base.

Page | 53
ANSWERS
Question
Answer Question No. Answer
No.
1. Square pyramid 20. 6
2. Triangular prism 21. 15
3. Hexagonal Pyramid 22. 6
4. Tetrahedron 23. 6
5. Cuboid 24. 7
6. Cube 25. 8

7. i.6 26. 8

ii.12 27. Faces of polyhedron

iii.36 28. Coin

iv.36 29. Circle

8. . Tetrahedron 30. 16
Right circular
9. Cuboid 31.
cylinder
10. Pyramid 32. 4

11. 6, 2, 4 33. 4

12. 6, 3, 4 34. 7

13. 5, 2, 4 35 900

14. 3, 4, 6 36. 60

15. 1, 1, 1 37. 18

16. 2, 3, 4 38. 10

17. 7 39. 9

18. 10 40. 4

19. 6

Page | 54
 Chapter-11
Mensuration
Points to Remember
 𝐓𝐑𝐈𝐀𝐍𝐆𝐋𝐄:

𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝑻𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆 = ×𝒃×𝒉
𝟐
 𝐏𝐀𝐑𝐀𝐋𝐋𝐄𝐋𝐎𝐆𝐑𝐀𝐌:

𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒎 = 𝒃 × 𝒉

 𝐑𝐇𝐎𝐌𝐁𝐔𝐒:

𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝑹𝒉𝒐𝒎𝒃𝒖𝒔 = × 𝒅𝟏 × 𝒅𝟐
𝟐

Page | 55
 𝐓𝐑𝐀𝐏𝐄𝐙𝐈𝐔𝐌:

𝟏
𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝑻𝒓𝒂𝒑𝒆𝒛𝒊𝒖𝒎 = × (𝒂 + 𝒃) × 𝒉
𝟐
 𝐂𝐈𝐑𝐂𝐋𝐄:

𝑨𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝑪𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒍𝒆 = 𝝅𝒓𝟐

𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒎𝒆𝒕𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒖𝒎𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝑪𝒊𝒓𝒄𝒍𝒆 = 𝟐𝝅𝒓

 𝐂𝐔𝐁𝐄:

𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒖𝒃𝒆 = 𝒂𝟑

𝑳𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒖𝒃𝒆 = 𝟒𝒂𝟐

𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒖𝒃𝒆 = 𝟔𝒂𝟐

Page | 56
 𝐂𝐔𝐁𝐎𝐈𝐃:

𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒖𝒃𝒐𝒊𝒅 = 𝒍 × 𝒃 × 𝒉

𝑳𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒖𝒃𝒐𝒊𝒅 = 𝟐(𝒍 + 𝒃)𝒉

𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒖𝒃𝒐𝒊𝒅 = 𝟐(𝒍𝒃 + 𝒃𝒉 + 𝒉𝒍)

𝑳𝒆𝒏𝒈𝒕𝒉 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒅𝒊𝒂𝒈𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒖𝒃𝒐𝒊𝒅 = √𝒍𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 + 𝒉𝟐

 𝐂𝐘𝐋𝐈𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐑:

𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒚𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓 = 𝝅𝒓𝟐 𝒉

𝑳𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒚𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓 = 𝟐𝝅𝒓𝒉

𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒖𝒓𝒇𝒂𝒄𝒆 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒐𝒇 𝒂 𝒄𝒚𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓 = 𝟐𝝅𝒓𝒉 + 𝟐𝝅𝒓𝟐 = 𝟐𝝅𝒓(𝒉 + 𝒓)

 𝟏 𝒄𝒎𝟑 = 𝟏 𝒎𝒍
 𝟏 𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒓𝒆 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒄𝒎𝟑
 𝟏 𝒎𝟑 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒓𝒆 = 𝟏 𝒌𝒊𝒍𝒐 𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒓𝒆

Page | 57
QUESTIONS
Based on the given figures 1 and figure 2, answer the following questions from 1 to 4.

1. Find the area and perimeter of the square.

2. Find the area and perimeter of the rectangle.
3. Which figure has less area and by how much?
4. Whose perimeter is greater and by how much?
5. Find the area of the rhombus whose diagonals are 16cm and 12cm.
6. Find the perimeter of the rhombus given in question 5.
7. If the radius of the circle is 14 cm, find the diameter of the circle.
8. Find the circumference of the circle whose diameter is 28 cm.
9. Find the area of the circle of radius 7 cm.
10. In the given figure, the breadth of the rectangle is 3 m and the length of diagonal
is 5 m. Find the perimeter of the rectangle.

11. Find the area of the rectangle given in question 10.

12. If the side of a cube is 4 cm. Find its lateral surface area.
13. Find the total surface area of a cube of side 6 cm.

Page | 58
14. If the diameters of two circles are 14 cm and 7 cm, find the ratio of their areas.
15. The height of a cylinder is 14 cm and its radius is 7 cm. Find the total surface
area of the cylinder.
16. Find the volume of the cylinder given in question 15.
17. Find the side of the cube whose total surface area is 9600 sq. m.
18. Find the volume of the cube given in question 17.
19. Find the total surface area of the cuboid as shown in the figure.

20. Find the volume of the cuboid given in question 19.

21. Find the height of the cuboid whose base area and volume are 800 square meter
and 6400 cubic meter respectively.
22. A cuboid is of dimensions 𝟓𝟎 𝒄𝒎 × 𝟒𝟎 𝒄𝒎 × 𝟑𝟎 𝒄𝒎. How many small cubes
each having side of 𝟏𝟎 𝒄𝒎 can be placed in the given cuboid?
23. A cuboidal tank is 8 m long, 6 m wide and 2 m deep. How many litres of water it
can hold?
24. Volume of a cube is 3375 cubic cm. What is the length of the side of the cube?
25. Find the area of the given figure.

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26. The sides of a room are in the ratio 𝟑: 𝟐: 𝟒. The volume of the room is 24000
cubic meter. Find the length of the longest side of the room.
27. Find the area of shaded portion

28. As shown in the given figure, two concentric circles having centre O, OA = 14 cm
and OB = 7 cm. Find the area of the shaded portion.

29. As shown in the given figure, AC = 15 cm, DQ = 8 cm, BP = 10 cm. Find the area
of the figure.

Page | 60
30. If the radius of circle is doubled, then by how much percent its area will
increase?
31. The area of four walls of a room is 48 sq.m. If perimeter of the floor is 16m, find
the height of the room.
32. Find the area of a trapezium shaped field whose parallel sides are 132.7m and
67.3m respectively and distance between parallel sides is 23.75m.
33. The capacity of a cylindrical tank, whose base diameter is 4m is 44000 litres.
Find its height.
34. If the radius of a cylindrical tank is reduced to half of original radius, then what
will be the change in its height if the volume of the cylinder remains same?
35. The area of the circular base of a cylindrical tank is 220sq.cm. Find its volume if
its height is 40cm.

Page | 61
ANSWERS
Question Question
Answer Answer
No. No.
Area=3600 sq. meter
1 19 126 sq. m
Perimeter=240 meter
Area=2400 sq. meter
2 20 90 cubic m
Perimeter=220 meter
Rectangle, 1200 sq.
3 21 8m
meter
4 Square, 20 meter 22 60

5 96 square centimeter 23 96000 litres

6 40 centimeter 24 15 cm

7 28 centimeter 25 165 sq. cm

8 88 centimeter 26 40 m

9 154 sq. cm 27 400 sq. m

10 14 m 28 462 sq. cm

11 12 sq. m 29 135 sq. cm

12 64 sq. cm 30 300%

13 216 sq. cm 31 3m

14 4:1 32 2375 sq.m

15 924 sq. cm 33 3.5m

16 2156 cubic cm 34 4 times

17 40 m 35 8800 cubic cm

18 64000 cubic m

Page | 62
 Chapter-12
Exponents and Powers
Points to Remember
 Exponent is used to express very large and very small numbers in standard form.
 Laws of exponents:
If ‘a’ and ‘b’ are non zero integers, ‘m’ and ‘n’ are the power of ‘a’ and ‘b’
respectively
 𝒂𝒎 × 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝒎+𝒏
 𝒂𝒎 ÷ 𝒂𝒏 = 𝒂𝒎−𝒏
 (𝒂𝒎 )𝒏 = 𝒂𝒎𝒏
 𝒂𝒎 × 𝒃𝒎 = (𝒂𝒃)𝒎
𝒂𝒙
 𝒂𝟎 = 𝟏, 𝒂 ≠ 𝟎 [𝒂𝟎 = 𝒂𝒙−𝒙 = 𝒂𝒙 = 𝟏]
𝒂𝒎 𝒂 𝒎
 = (𝒃 )
𝒃𝒎

 (−𝟏)𝒆𝒗𝒆𝒏 𝒏𝒐. = 𝟏
 (−𝟏)𝒐𝒅𝒅 𝒏𝒐. = −𝟏
𝟏

𝒏
√𝒂 = 𝒂𝒏
 We can use power of 10 to express very large number and very small number in
standard form.
 Example:-
i. Speed of light = 30,00,00,000 m/sec or 3.0 ×108 m/sec.
ii. The average diameter of red blood cell is 0.000007 mm
or 7.0×10-6 mm

Page | 63
QUESTIONS
1. Simplify:
a. (4)3 b. (3)4 c. (5)4 d. (7)3
2. Simplify:
a. (2)-3 b. (1)-10 c. (6)-2 d. (8)-3

3. Simplify and write the answer in positive exponential form

a. (𝟒)𝟑 ÷ (𝟒)𝟐
b. (𝟐−𝟑 × 𝟐−𝟐 ) ÷ 𝟐𝟐
c. (𝟐−𝟒 × 𝟒𝟏 ) ÷ (𝟐)𝟐
d. (𝟑𝟏 + 𝟒−𝟏 + 𝟓−𝟏 +𝟔−𝟏 )𝟎
4. Simplify:
a. 𝟐𝟑 × 𝟓𝟐 × 𝟑𝟐
b. 𝟐𝟐 × 𝟓𝟐 × 𝟕𝟐
𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
c. (𝟐)𝟐 × (𝟒)𝟐 × (𝟑)−𝟐
𝟏 𝟏
d. (𝟑)𝟐 × (𝟗)𝟐 × 𝟏𝟖𝟐

5. Simplify: (−𝟓)−𝟑 × (−𝟕)𝟐

6. Simplify: [(−𝟔)𝟐 × (−𝟓)𝟑 ] ÷ (𝟐)𝟑
7. Find the value of 𝒂 if , (𝟕)𝒂 = (𝟒𝟗)𝟓
8. Write (𝟏𝟐𝟓)−𝟑 in the exponential form as base 5.
𝟐
9. Simplify: [(− 𝟑)𝟐 ]𝟑
𝟓 𝒎 𝟏𝟐𝟓
10. Find the value of 𝒎 if , (𝟕) = 𝟑𝟒𝟑

𝒂 𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 −𝟐 𝒂
11. Find the value of 𝒃 if , (𝟓) × (𝟐𝟓) =𝒃

12. Simplify: (𝟑)−𝟓 × (𝟓)−𝟒 × 𝟏𝟐𝟓 × (𝟑)𝟐

13. Simplify: (𝒙−𝟏 + 𝒚−𝟏 ) ÷ (𝒙 + 𝒚)
14. Simplify: (𝟐−𝟐 × 𝟑−𝟐 ) ÷ 𝟔−𝟐
15. Simplify: (𝟒−𝟏 + 𝟐𝟗𝟎 ) ÷ (𝟐)−𝟐
16. Find the value of (𝟐𝒑 × 𝟑𝒑 ), if 𝒑 = 𝟐.
𝟏
17. If (𝒂)−𝟖 = (𝒂)𝟐𝒙 , then find the value of x.

18. Simplify: 𝟑𝟓 × 𝟑−𝟐 × 𝟑𝟒 × 𝟑−𝟏𝟎

Page | 64
19. If 𝟓𝒎 × 𝟏𝟐𝟓𝒎 = (𝟐𝟓)𝟐 ,then find the value of 𝒎.
𝟏
20. If 𝟕𝒏 ÷ 𝟕𝟐𝒏 = 𝟕, then find the value of 𝒏.

21. If (𝒙𝟑 × 𝒙−𝟐 )𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐𝟏,then find the value of 𝒙.

22. Write 0.0081 in the standard form.
23. Write 1/10000000 in the standard form.
24. Write 4050000 in the standard form.
25. If (𝟓)𝟐𝒙 = 𝟔𝟐𝟓, then find the value of x.
26. Find the value of x if 𝟐𝟕𝟐 × 𝟐𝟕𝟑 = (𝟑)𝒙 .
27. Find the value of (𝒂𝟑 × 𝒃𝟐 ) ÷ 𝒂𝒃 if 𝒂 = 𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒃 = 𝟑.
28. Simplify: (√𝟓)𝟓 ÷ (√𝟓)𝟑
29. Write 𝟗. 𝟒𝟑𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 in general form.
30. Write 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟑𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎𝟓 in general form.
𝟑 𝟐
31. If 𝒙 = (𝟐)𝟑 × (𝟑)𝟒 , them find the value of 𝒙𝟐 .

32. Simplify: (√𝟏)𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟑𝟐 + 𝟎𝟐 .

𝟏
33. Find the value of (𝟐𝟕)−𝟐/𝟑.

34. Find the value of (𝟏𝟐𝟓)−𝟐/𝟑 .

𝟏
35. Simplify: √𝟖 × (𝟐)𝟐
𝟏
36. If 𝟗𝒙 = 𝟐𝟕, then find the value of x.
𝟏 𝟏
37. Simplify: (𝟑𝟐)𝟐 × (𝟕𝟐)𝟐 .
𝟏
38. Find the value of [𝟔𝟑 + 𝟖𝟑 + 𝟏𝟎𝟑 ]𝟑 .
𝟐 −𝒃𝟐 𝟐 −𝒄𝟐 𝟐 −𝒂𝟐
39. Simplify: (𝒙)𝒂 . (𝒙)𝒃 . (𝒙)𝒄 .
(𝒙)𝒂+𝒃 .(𝒙)𝒃+𝒄 .(𝒙)𝒄+𝒂
40. Simplify: (𝒙)𝒂 .(𝒙)𝒃 .(𝒙)𝒄

41. Find the value of 𝟐 − √𝟑 if √𝟑 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟑𝟐

𝟏
42. Find the value of [(𝟏)𝟏 + (𝟐)𝟐 + (𝟑)𝟑 ]𝟓
𝟒 𝟑
43. Simplify: √ √ √𝒙

𝟒 𝟑
44. Simplify: √ √𝒙𝟑𝟔
√𝟓 𝟐
45. If ( 𝟑 )𝒎 = 𝟏 − (𝟑)𝟐 , then find the value of 𝒎.

Page | 65
 ANSWERS
Question
Answer Question No. Answer
No.
19. 𝒎=𝟏
a. 64 b. 81 20. 𝒏=𝟏
1. 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟏
c. 625 d. 343 21.
22. 𝟖. 𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑

𝟏 23. 𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟕
a. b. 1 24. 𝟒. 𝟎𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎𝟔
𝟖
𝟏 𝟏
2. c. d. 25. 𝒙=𝟐
𝟑𝟔 𝟓𝟏𝟐
26. 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟓
27. 12
5
𝟏 28.
a. 4 b. 0.0009432
𝟐𝟕 29.
3. 𝟏 32
c. 𝟐𝟒 d. 1 30. 𝟒
31.
𝟗
a. 1800 b. 4900 18
32.
9
33. 𝟏
4. 𝟗 𝟒
c. 𝟔𝟒 d. 𝟗 34.
35. 𝟐𝟓
4
𝟒𝟗 𝟑
5. − 36. −
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟐
𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟓
6. − 37. 𝟒𝟖
𝟐
𝒂 = 𝟏𝟎
7. 38. 12

8. (𝟓)−𝟗 39. 1
𝟔𝟒
9. 𝟕𝟐𝟗 40. (𝒙)𝒂+𝒃+𝒄

10. 𝒎=𝟑 41. 𝟎. 𝟐𝟔𝟖

𝟓
11. 42. 2
𝟐
𝟏 𝟏
12. 43. (𝒙)𝟐𝟒
𝟏𝟑𝟓
𝟏
13. 44. 𝒙𝟑
𝒙𝒚
14. 1 45. 𝒎=𝟐

15. 5

16. 36
𝒙=𝟒
17.
𝟏
18.
𝟐𝟕

Page | 66
 Chapter-13
Direct and Inverse Proportions
Points to Remember
 In direct proportion, two quantities x and y increase or decrease together, the
ratio of their corresponding values remains constant.
𝒙𝟏 𝒙
i.e. 𝒚 = 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒌
𝟏 𝟐
𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟏
Or𝒙 = 𝒚 = 𝒌, where 𝒌 is a positive number.
𝟐 𝟐

e.g. Ramesh covers a distance of 4km in 2 hours and with same speed he can cover 8
km in 4 hours or we can say when time is increased, distance also increases so it
is a case of direct proportion.
 In inverse proportion, increase in a quantity x, causes a proportional decrease in
quantity y and vice versa, the product of their corresponding values remains
constant.
i.e. 𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒌
𝒙 𝒚
Or 𝒙𝟏 = 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒌, where 𝒌 is a positive number.
𝟐 𝟏

e.g. Four men complete a construction work in 10 days and 5 men complete the same
work in 8 days. When we increase the number of workers, the number of days to
complete same work decreases so it is a case of inverse proportion.

QUESTIONS
1. ‘x’ and ‘y’ are directly proportional to each other. If 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟐𝟎, 𝒚𝟏 = 𝟖, 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟓
then find 𝒚𝟐 .
2. A person can build a wall in 10 days. What fraction of the wall will be completed
in 2 days?
3. A lady covers a distance of 75 m in 60 steps. What distance will she cover in 320
steps?
4. It takes 2 hours for 6 pipes to fill a tank. How much time will be needed to fill 10
such tanks if 12 pipes are used?
5. A train is moving at 150 kilometer/hour. How far will it go in 20 minutes?
6. The scale of a map is 1:200000. What is the actual distance of 5 cm on the map?

Page | 67
7. Four pipes can fill a tank in 1 hour 20 minutes. How long will it take to fill the
tank if 8 pipes are used?
8. If 15 tailors can stitch a dress in 24 days, how long will 9 tailors take to stitch the
same dress?
9. Bus is travelling at an average speed of 55 km/ hour. How much distance would
it cover in 12 minutes?
10. 20 women can whitewash a building in 26 days. In how many days can 52 women
whitewash the same building?
11. 72 chocolates are packed in 8 boxes of same size. How many boxes are required
for 360 chocolates?
12. 6 men can construct a wall in 5 days. If 10 men are employed, find the number of
days in which the similar wall can be constructed?
13. A carpenter prepares 36 tables in 8 days. In how many days would he prepare 27
such tables?
14. If 560 notebooks cost ` 3920, find the cost of 6 dozen notebooks.
15. 10 women can do a job in 20 days. In how many days can 20 women do the same
job?
16. What will happen to the area of a square if the length of each side is doubled?
17. A scooter travels 44 kilometer on 4 litres of petrol. How far will it go in 13 litres
of petrol?
18. In a fort, there is food for 240 soldiers that is enough for 10 days. If 40 soldiers
left the fort, then for how many days the food will last?
19. Nine bags of fertilizers weigh 639 kilograms. What is the weight of 4 bags?
20. Ravi takes 40 minutes to reach the school with a speed of 4 km/hr. If he walks
with a speed of 5 km/hr., how much time will he now take to reach the school?
21. If the cost of 20 m cloth is ` 420, how much cloth can be bought for ` 105?
22. Out of 45 students, 9 are absent. What is the ratio of present students to absent
ones?
23. The weekly consumption of potatoes in a hostel with 640 students is 160
kilogram. Find the consumption if the number of students become 800.
24. If the cost of two dozen pens is ` 60, what will be the cost of 60 pens?
25. 6 taps can fill a water tank in 90 minutes. How many taps can fill the same water
tank in 30 minutes?

Page | 68
26. If Aman reads 12 pages daily, he can complete a book in 15 days. How many
days will it take to complete the book, if he reads 30 pages daily?

27. A stock of food grains is enough for 600 students for 10 weeks. How long will the
same stock last for 240 students?
28. If the length of a rectangle is halved, what change should be made in its breadth
so that its area remains the same?
29. 12 workers can construct a room in 7 hours. How many workers will be needed
in all for constructing the same sized room in 2 hours?
30. Aman and Abhinav can complete a project in 24 days. Aman alone can do the
same task in 36 days. How much time will Abhinav take alone to complete the
same project?
31. In a library, 189 copies of a certain book require a shelf length of 3.78 meter.
How many copies of the same book would occupy shelf length of 0.42 meter?
32. Mohan is paid ` 2720 on working for eight days. If his total wages during a
month is ` 6800, for how many days did he work?
33. A train running at the speed of 108 kilometer/ hr passes a signal post in 10
seconds. Find the length of the train in meters.
34. If 30 stamps occupy an area of 75 cm2, how much area of paper is required for
putting 330 stamps assuming that no area is wasted in between two stamps?
35. Geet, Meet and Reet can do a work in 15, 6 and 10 days respectively. All the
three together can finish four times of that work in how many days?
36. If 𝟐𝒙 = 𝟑𝒚 = 𝟒𝒛,then find𝒙: 𝒚: 𝒛.
37. If 75 goats can graze a field in 13 days, how many goats will graze the same field
in 25 days?
38. Kavita can type a given assignment in 1 hour 30 minutes at a speed of 50 words
per minute. Her friend Kareem can type the same assignment in 60 minutes.
What would be Kareem’s typing speed?
39. If 40 square metres of a carpet cost ` 241.60, find the cost of 50 square metres of
carpet.
40. Reena, Meena and Teena can complete a job in 10, 12 and 15 days respectively.
In how many days will they complete the work together?

Page | 69
41. A journey by car takes 45 minutes at 40 kilometer/ hour. How fast must a car go
to undertake the same journey in 25 minutes?
42. If 30 women can repair a road in 48 days, how long will 18 women take to repair
the same road?
43. Rekha can drive to Gwalior in eight hours at 60 kilometer per hour. How long
will Ravi take to drive to Gwalior if his speed is 40 kilometer per hour?
44. The speed of a train 125 m long is 45 kilometer/hr. How much time will it take to
pass a platform 1375m long?
45. 6 monkeys take 6 minutes to eat 6 bananas. How many minutes would 10
monkeys will take to eat 10 bananas if their speed of eating is equal?
46. How long will an athlete take to run around a rectangular park measuring
𝟓𝟎𝒎 × 𝟒𝟎𝒎,if she runs at a speed of 3 m/sec?
47. Two bus drivers start from same place in opposite directions. One goes towards
north at 36 kilometer/ hour and other goes towards south at a speed of 40
kilometer/ hour. What time did they to be 190 kilometer apart?
48. Satyam has enough money to buy 60 oranges at ` 5 per orange. How many
oranges can he buy if the price is increased by rupees 1 per orange?
49. The cost of 32 packets of Vim each weighing 900 gram is `56. What will be the
cost of 27 packets if each packet weighs 1 kilogram?
50. Abha cycles to her school at an average speed of 15 kilometer per hour. It takes
20 minutes to reach the school in time. At what speed should she cycle if she has
to reach 5 minutes earlier?

Page | 70
ANSWERS
Question No. Answer Question No. Answer

1. 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐 27. 25 weeks
2. 𝟏⁄𝟓 28. Breadth should be doubled
3. 400m 29. 42 workers
4. 10 hrs 30. 72 days
5. 50 kilometer 31. 21 copies
6. 10 kilometer 32. 20 days
7. 40 min 33. 300 m
8. 40 days 34. 825 cm2
9. 11 kilometer 35. 12 days
10. 10 days 36. 6:4:3
11. 40 boxes 37. 39 goats
12. 3 days 38. 75 words/ min
13. 6 days 39. ` 302
14. ` 504 40. 4 days
15. 10 days 41. 72 kilometer/ hour
Area will become its
16. 42. 80 days
4 times

17. 143 kilometer 43. 12 hours

18. 12 days 44. 2 minutes
19. 284 kilogram 45. 6 minutes
20. 32 minutes 46. 60 seconds/ 1 min
𝟏
21. 5 meter 47. 𝟐 𝒉𝒓𝒔 𝒐𝒓 𝟐 𝒉𝒓 𝟑𝟎 𝒎𝒊𝒏
𝟐
22. 4:1 48. 50 oranges
23. 200 kilogram 49. `52.50
24. `150 50. 20 kilometer/hr
25. 18 taps
26. 6 days

Page | 71
 Chapter-14
Factorisation
Points to Remember
 When we factorize an algebraic expression, we write it as a product of its factors.
These factors are either numbers or algebraic variables or algebraic expressions.
 We use following methods of factorisation:
 Method of common factors
 Regrouping method
 Factorisation using following identities:

 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 = (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐

 𝒂𝟐 − 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 = (𝒂 − 𝒃)𝟐

 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐 = (𝒂 − 𝒃)(𝒂 + 𝒃)

 𝒙𝟐 + (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝒙 + 𝒂𝒃 = (𝒙 + 𝒂)(𝒙 + 𝒃)

 An irreducible factor is a factor which cannot be expressed further as a product

of factors (i.e. prime factor for numbers) eg. 𝒙 + 𝟐, 𝒂 + 𝒃, 𝒙 − 𝒚 etc.
 The general relation for division is:
𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒅 = 𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒔𝒐𝒓 × 𝑸𝒖𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝑹𝒆𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓
𝒙𝟐 +𝟒𝒙+𝟒 (𝒙+𝟐)𝟐
 If Remainder = 0, then divisor is a factor of dividend. Eg. = =𝒙+𝟐
𝒙+𝟐 𝒙+𝟐

 The degree of a polynomial is the highest power of its variables.e.g. the degree of
the polynomial 𝒙𝟑 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟓 is 3

QUESTIONS:
1. What is the degree of algebraic expression 𝒚𝟑 + 𝟐𝒚 + 𝟖 ?
𝟏 𝟏
2. If 𝒂 + = √𝟑, what is the value of 𝒂𝟐 + ?
𝒂 𝒂𝟐
3. What is the quotient, when we divide 𝟏𝟕𝒙𝒚 𝐛𝐲 𝒙𝒚 ?
4. If 𝟒𝒂𝒃 is one of the factor of (𝟒𝒂𝟐 𝒃 + 𝟒𝒂𝒃𝟐 ), what is the other factor ?
5. What is the HCF of 𝟐𝟓𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 , 𝟔𝟓𝒙𝟒 𝒚𝟑 , 𝟗𝟓𝒙𝟏𝟎 𝒚𝟒 ?
(𝟒𝟖𝒙𝟒 −𝟏𝟐𝒚𝟒 )
6. What is the degree of the quotient of ?
𝟔𝟎

Page | 72
7. What is the common factor of 𝒖𝒗 + 𝟗𝒖 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝟐(𝒗 + 𝟑) ?
8. Factorise: 𝒌𝟔 − 𝟏𝟐𝒌𝟑
𝟕𝟕𝒙𝒚𝒛
9. Simplify:
𝟕𝒙

10. What should be added to 𝟏𝟔𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗 to make it (𝟒 𝒙 − 𝟑)𝟐 ?

11. Which identity will be used to factorise 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝟎𝒃 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎 ?
12. Find the value of (𝟏𝟎𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎𝟓 − 𝟓 × 𝟓)
13. What will be the product of (𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐)(𝟑𝒙 − 𝟐) ?
14. What will be the quotient on dividing 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙 − 𝟑𝟎 by (𝒙 − 𝟔)?
15. What will be the common factor of (𝒖 + 𝒗)( 𝒂 + 𝒃)𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝒘(𝒂 + 𝒃) ?
16. What should be added to the left hand side to rectify the equation
𝟒𝒙 + 𝟐 = 𝟒(𝒙 + 𝟐)
17. What is the remainder when divisor is a factor of the dividend?
18. Factorising 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒙𝟒 − 𝟖𝟏𝒚𝟒 gives 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟐 − 𝟗𝒚𝟐 as one factor, what is the other
factor?
𝒙𝟒 −𝟏𝟔
19. Simplify:
(𝒙𝟐 +𝟒)(𝒙−𝟐)

20. Find the value of (𝟏𝟎𝟓)𝟐

21. Evaluate: 𝟗𝟗 × 𝟏𝟎𝟏
22. Factorise: 𝒙(𝒚 − 𝒛) + 𝒚(𝒚 − 𝒛)
23. If 𝒂 = 𝟔, 𝒃 = 𝟓, find 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐
24. What will be the coefficient of 𝒖𝟐 in the quotient of algebraic expression
𝟑𝒖𝟑 +𝟓𝒖𝟐 +𝟕
𝒖+𝟐
𝟒𝒙𝟐 𝒚+𝟖𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 −𝟏𝟔𝒙𝒚𝟐
25. What will be the quotient of algebraic expression ?
𝟒𝒙𝒚
𝟏 𝟑
26. What will be the coefficient of 𝒂𝟒 in the product of (𝟒 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 ) (𝒂𝟐 − 𝟐 𝒃𝟐 ) ?

27. The area of a playground is (𝟏𝟒𝒑𝟐 − 𝟑𝟓𝒑) square units and one of its side’s
measures 𝟕𝒑 units. What is the measure of the other side?
28. If (𝟒𝟗𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑𝟓) kilograms of sugar is stored in 7 bags in equal quantities,
how many kilograms of sugar is there in each bag?
29. What will be the constant term in the product of (𝒛 + 𝟑)(𝒛 − 𝟕) ?
30. Find 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐 if 𝒂 = −𝟑 and 𝒃 = 𝟑
31. Find (𝟏𝟏 × 𝟏𝟏 − 𝟗 × 𝟗)

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32. Find 𝒌 if 𝒌(𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐 ) = 𝒂𝟒 − 𝒃𝟒
33. Find 𝒒 if 𝒒(𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐 ) = 𝒂𝟒 − 𝒃𝟒
34. What are the prime factors of 𝟒𝟓 ?
35. Simplify: 𝟔𝟐 − 𝟐 × 𝟔 × 𝟓 + 𝟓𝟐
36. What will be the two numbers 𝑷 and 𝑸 such that 𝑷 − 𝑸 = 𝟐 and 𝑷𝑸 = 𝟏𝟓 ?
37. Evaluate: (𝟐. 𝟓)𝟐 – (𝟏. 𝟓)𝟐
38. If 𝟐𝒂 + 𝟑𝒃 = 𝟏𝟐 and 𝟐𝒂 − 𝟑𝒃 = 𝟐𝟎, find 𝒂.
(𝒙+𝒚)𝟐 −(𝒙−𝒚)𝟐
39. Simplify:
𝒙𝒚

40. Find 𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒅 when 𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒔𝒐𝒓 = 𝒙 + 𝟑, 𝑸𝒖𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 = 𝒙 + 𝟏 and 𝑹𝒆𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓 =

𝟎
41. Find 𝑸𝒖𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 if 𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒅 = 𝒚𝟐 , 𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒔𝒐𝒓 = 𝒚 − 𝟓 and 𝑹𝒆𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓 = 𝟐𝟓
𝟏 𝟏
42. If 𝒙 − = 𝟕, find 𝒙𝟐 + ?
𝒙 𝒙𝟐
𝟏 𝟏
43. If 𝒛 + = 𝟏𝟏, find 𝒛𝟐 + ?
𝒛 𝒛𝟐
44. Express 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟕𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐 as product of two expressions.
(𝒙𝟐 +𝒚𝟐 )
45. Simplify:
(𝒙𝟒 −𝒚𝟒 )
𝟗.𝟓×(𝟑+𝟏.𝟓)
46. Evaluate:
𝟏+𝟑.𝟓

47. Evaluate: (𝟕. 𝟒)𝟐 − (𝟐. 𝟔)𝟐

48. What will be the value of 𝒚𝟑 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚 + 𝟏 𝐢𝐟 𝒚 = 𝟏 ?
49. What will be the value of 𝒛𝟑 − 𝒛𝟐 + 𝒛 + 𝟐 𝐢𝐟 𝒛 = −𝟏 ?
𝟕.𝟐×𝟐.𝟖
50. Evaluate:
𝟏𝟎−𝟐.𝟖

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ANSWERS
Question Question
No.
Answer No.
Answer

𝟏
1 𝟑 26
𝟒
2 𝟏 27 (𝟐𝒑 − 𝟓) 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔
3 𝟏𝟕 28 (𝟕𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟓) 𝒌𝒊𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒓𝒂𝒎𝒔
4 𝒂+𝒃 29 −𝟐𝟏
5 𝟓𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 30 𝟎
6 𝟒 31 𝟒𝟎
7 𝒗+𝟑 32 𝒂𝟐 + 𝒃𝟐
8 𝒌𝟑 (𝒌𝟑 − 𝟏𝟐) 33 𝒂𝟐 − 𝒃𝟐
9 𝟏𝟏𝒚𝒛 34 𝟑, 𝟓
10 −𝟐𝟒𝒙 35 𝟏
11 (𝒂 + 𝒃)𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂𝒃 + 𝒃𝟐 36 𝑷 = 𝟓, 𝑸 = 𝟑
12 𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 37 𝟒
13 𝟗𝒙𝟐 − 𝟒 38 𝒂=𝟖
14 𝒙+𝟓 39 𝟒
15 𝒂+𝒃 40 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟑
16 𝟔 41 𝒚+𝟓
17 𝟎 42 𝟓𝟏
18 𝟏𝟎𝒙𝟐 + 𝟗𝒚𝟐 43 𝟏𝟏𝟗
19 𝒙+𝟐 44 (𝒙 + 𝟑)(𝒙 + 𝟒)
𝟏 𝟏
20 𝟏𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟓 45 𝒐𝒓
𝒙 𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 (𝒙 + 𝒚)(𝒙 − 𝒚)
21 𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟗 46 𝟗. 𝟓
22 (𝒙 + 𝒚)(𝒚 − 𝒛) 47 𝟒𝟖
23 𝟏𝟏 48 𝟐
24 𝟑 49 −𝟏
25 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒙𝒚 − 𝟒𝒚 50 𝟐. 𝟖

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 Chapter-15
Introduction to Graphs
Points to Remember
Following are the different types of graphs:
 Bar Graph :
Bar graph is used to show comparison among categories.

700

600
Bar Graph
No. of Bicycles in Lakhs ----->

500

400

300

200

100
 Histogram :
0
Histogram is used to show
2014 2015 the data 2016
in intervals. 2017 2018
Year ----->
30
Histogram
25
No.of Students ---->

20

15

10

0
5 10 15 20 25
30
Marks Obtained ------>

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 Pie Chart
Pie chart is used to compare parts of a whole.

Sales
Badminton
10%

Football
30%

Cricket
40%
Hockey
20%

 Line Graph:
A line graph displays the data that changes continuously over a period of time.

Line Graph
35
Money held in Bank (in crores ) ----->

30

25

20

15

10

0
2015 2016 2017 2018
Years ----->

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 Linear Graph :
A line graph which is a whole unbroken line is called a linear graph.

 The 17th century mathematician Rene Descartes provided a system of locating a

point with the help of two measurements, horizontal(x- coordinate) and vertical
(y- coordinate). This system is known as Cartesian system of coordinates.

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QUESTIONS
1. Where does the point (8, 0) lie?
2. Where does the point (0, 9) lie?
3. What is abscissa of the point (3, 4)?
4. What is the ordinate of the point (6, 7)?
5. What are the coordinates of the origin?
6. What is the perpendicular distance of the point (7, 8) from x-axis?
7. What is the perpendicular distance of the point (4, 5) from y-axis?
8. What is the shortest distance of the point (6, 8) from origin?
9. What is the shortest distance of the point (7, 0) from origin?
10. What is the shortest distance of the point (0, 8) from origin?
11. What is the shortest distance between the points (14, 3) and (9, 3)?
12. What is the distance of the point (3, 4) from origin?
13. Find the distance between two points P(4, 0) and Q(9, 0).
14. Find the distance between two points A(0, 3) and B(0, -9).
15. What are the coordinates of the points for which x=0 and y=x+2?
16. What are the coordinates of the points for which y=0 and y=x+2?
17. To which axis will the line joining the points having x-coordinate constant will be
parallel?
18. To which axis will the line joining the points having y-coordinate constant will be
parallel?
19. Name the point where two axes intersect?
For Question no. 20 to 31, see the Graph_1

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20. What are the coordinates of points A and B?
21. Which type of the quadrilateral KLMN is?
22. What are the coordinates of K, L, M and N?
23. What type of quadrilateral PQRS is?
24. What are the coordinates of the vertices of quadrilateral PQRS?
25. What is the area of quadrilateral KLMN?
26. What type of △HIJ is?
27. What is the length of side IJ of △HIJ?
28. What is the area of △HIJ?
29. What are the coordinates of point C and D?
30. What is the length of the shorter side of the quadrilateral PQRS?
31. What is the distance between the points C and N?
For question 32 to 40, see the Graph_2

32. For what period of time does the graph show the temperature?
33. The temperature in the beginning of the week was rising or falling?
34. What is the average temperature of fourth and fifth days?
35. What is the difference between the highest and lowest temperature?
36. After which day temperature fell down drastically?
37. Between which days was the change in temperature minimum?
38. Between which days was the change in temperature maximum?
39. What is the temperature on second day?
40. On which days temperature is 25o Celsius?

Page | 80
For question 41 to 48, see the Graph_3

41. What is represented on x-axis?

42. What is shown on y-axis?
43. From where and when the journey begins?
44. What is the distance covered in first hour?
45. How much distance is covered in first 4 hours?
46. At what time the distance of 200km was covered?
47. At what time the driver take a break?
48. When the journey ends and car reached city B?
49. On joining points x(0, 0), y(3, 0) and z(0, 3),which figure will you get?
50. On joining points A(3, 3), B(4, 4), C(5, 5) and D(6, 6),which figure will you get?

Page | 81
ANSWERS
Question No. Answer Question No. Answer

Isosceles right angled

1. On X-axis 26.
triangle
2. On Y-axis 27. 4 units
3. 3 28. 8 sq. units
4. 7 29. C(2, 3) D(-4,-3)
5. (0, 0) 30. 4 units
6. 8 units 31. 4 units
7. 4 units 32. One week
8. 10 units 33. Rising
9. 7 units 34. 35oC
10. 8 units 35. 25oC
11. 5 units 36. After 5th day
Between 2nd and 3rd
12. 5 units 37.
day
13. 5 units 38. Between 5th and 6th day
14. 12 units 39. 22.5oC
15. (0, 2) 40. 3rd and 6th day
16. (-2, 0) 41. Time (in hours)
17. y-axis 42. Distance (in Km)
From city A at 6
18. x-axis 43.
am.
19. origin 44. 50 Km
20. A(2, 0), B(0, 3) 45. 150 Km
In 5 hours, at 11
21. Square 46.
am.
K(2, -3), L(4, -3),
22. 47. 9 am to 10 am
M(4, -1), N(2, -1)
23. Parallelogram 48. At 3 pm
P(-6, -2), Q(-2, -2), Isosceles right
24. 49.
R(2, 2), S(-2, 2) angled triangle
25. 4 sq. units 50. Straight line

Page | 82
 Chapter-16
Playing with Numbers
Points to Remember
 A two digit number having ‘a’ as its ten’s digit and ‘b’ as unit’s digit is written as
 10a+b in general form e.g. 52 = 5×10 + 2
 ab in the usual form
 Divisibility rules:
 If the One’s digit of a number is 0,2,4,6, or 8, the number is divisible by 2.
 If sum of digits of a number is divisible by 3 then the number is divisible by 3.
 If the number formed by Ten’s and One’s digit is divisible by 4, the entire
number is divisible by 4.
 If the One’s digit of a number is 0 or 5, the number is divisible by 5.
 If the number is divisible by 2 and 3 both then the number is divisible by 6.
 If the number formed by hundred’s, ten’s and one’s digit is divisible by 8, then
the number is divisible by 8.
 If sum of digits of a number is divisible by 9 then the number is divisible by 9.
 If the One’s digit of a number is 0, the number is divisible by 10.
 If the difference between the sum of digits of a number at its odd places and the
even places is either ‘0’ or divisible by ‘11’, the number is divisible by 11.
e.g: consider a number 635270
Number Divisible or Divisibility Rule
Divisibility
2 Yes Digit at unit place is zero

3 No Sum of the digits is 23 which is not divisible

by 3
4 No Number formed by last two digits is 70
which is not divisible by 4
5 Yes Digit at units place is zero

6 No Number is not divisible by 2 and 3 both

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 Number Divisible or not Divisibility Rule

8 No Number formed by last four digits is 270

which is not divisible by 8
9 No Sum of digits is 23 which is not divisible by
9

10 Yes Digit at units place is zero

11 No Sum of the digits at odd places is 5 and sum

of digits at even places is 18, their
difference is 13 which is not a multiple of
11

QUESTIONS:
1. Find the least possible missing digit of the number 13_64, if it is divisible by 3.
2. Find the remainder when number 4191 is divided by 5.
3. Find the missing digit of the number 453_892, so that the number is divisible by
11.
4. Find the greatest two digit number which when divided 11 gives remainder 2.
5. If 7_1 is a multiple of 9, find the missing digit.
6. If 14_ is a multiple of 6, find the least possible missing digit.
7. Find the quotient when the sum of 81 and 18 is divided by 9.
8. Find the quotient when the difference of 184 and 55 is divided by 3.
9. If 58_ is a multiple of 11, find the missing digit.
10. Find the smallest 3 digit number which is divisible by both 2 and 3.
11. Find the greatest 4 digit number which is divisible by both 5 and 10.
12. Find the smallest 3 digit number which is divisible by 5.
13. What is the greatest 3 digit number which is divisible by 2?
14. What is the greatest 4 digit number which is divisible by 9?
15. Find the smallest 5 digit number divisible by 3.
16. What least number should be added to 2184 so that it becomes divisible by 10?
17. Which least number should be subtracted from 43787, so that it becomes
divisible by 5?

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18. What least number should be added to 27841, so that the number is divisible by 3?
19. What least number should be subtracted from 4673, so that the number is
divisible by 9?
20. Find the 3-digit greatest number which leaves a remainder 7 when divided by 9.
21. What least number should be added to 74862, so that the number is divisible by
3 and 4 both?
22. By which least number 600 be multiplied to get a perfect square number?
23. Find the least number which when divided by 3, 9 and 12 leaves a remainder 2 in
each case.
24. Find the smallest number by which 80 must be multiplied to make it a perfect
cube.
25. If 63_ is divisible by 15, find the least possible missing digit.
𝟏
26. How many halves are there in 𝟐𝟖 𝟐 ?

27. Find the least possible missing digit if 81972_6 is divisible by 8.

28. Find the number of times a 5 m long rope needs to be cut for dividing it into 20
pieces.
29. You are participating in a race. You overtake the third runner, at what position
are you?
30. Subtract the smallest 2-digit negative integer from the largest 2-digit negative
integer.
31. Find the remainder when 10084237825 is divided by 4.
32. If 62_5 is a multiple of 3, find the least possible missing digit.
33. Find the value of x so that 14x32 is a multiple of 11.
34. Find the values of y so that 32y4 is a multiple of 4.
35. Find the value of x so that 73x56 is divisible by 6.
36. For what values of z, the number z536 is divisible by 11?
37. Find the smallest number with 4 different digits which is divisible by 11.
38. For 5AAA82, which least possible missing digit will make it divisible by 9?
39. What should be added to 189573 to make it divisible by both 2 and 3?
40. Find the smallest value of x, so that 92x5 is divisible by 5.
41. For what value of x the number 92x5x6 is divisible by 9?
42. If on dividing 𝑵 by 𝟓 we get a remainder 2, what might be the greatest one’s digit
of N?

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43. If 8237AA is a number divisible by 3 and ‘A’ is a digit, what are the possible
values of ‘A’?
44. What smallest number should be added to 789153 so that it becomes divisible by
both 4 and 3?

For the following questions, find X, Y and/or Z according to the question:

45. 𝑿𝒀
+1 X
-------
Y7
-------
46. 𝒁𝒀𝟔
× Z
---------
182Z
---------
47. 𝟏𝟐 𝑿
+6XY
---------
X09
---------
48. 𝟓𝟖𝑿
+3 Y1
--------
Z09
--------
49. 𝟐𝒀
×Y
-------
12 Y
-------
50. 𝟓𝟑𝑿
+2 Y 5
---------
Z07
---------

Page | 86
 ANSWERS
Question
Answer Question No. Answer
No.
1. 1 26. 57
2. 1 27. 1

3. 3 28. 19 times

4. 90 29. Third Position

5. 1 30. 89

6. 4 31. 1

7. 11 32. 2

8. 43 33. 4

9. 3 34. Y=0,2,4,6,8

10. 102 35. X=0,3,6,9

11. 9990 36. Z=8

12. 100 37. 1023

13. 998 38. A=1

14. 9999 39. 3

15. 10002 40. 0

16. 6 41. 7

17. 2 42. 7

18. 2 43. A=2,5,8

19. 2 44. 3

20. 997 45. X=3, Y=4

21. 6 46. Z=4, Y=5

22. 6 47. X=8, Y=1

23. 38 48. X=8, Y=2, Z=9

24. 100 49. Y=5

25. 0 50. X=2, Y=7, Z=8

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