Part - A

1. Name one important property of steel and its significance in applications.

High tensile strength. Significance: Enhances the structural integrity of components in

2. Differentiate between substitutional and interstitial solid solutions in alloys.

Substitutional: Alloying elements replace host atoms. Interstitial: Alloying elements

3. List the various stages of a heat treatment process.

Heating, soaking, cooling.

4. Explain briefly about carbonitriding.

Carbonitriding is a surface hardening process involving the diffusion of carbon and

5. List the outstanding properties of copper and some typical applications.

Properties: Excellent electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance. Applications: Electrical

6. Name any two copper alloys and their composition.

Brass (Cu and Zn), Bronze (Cu and Sn).

7. Distinguish between thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics.

Thermoplastics can be melted and reshaped, while thermosetting plastics irreversibly

8. Name any four engineering ceramics.

Alumina (Al2O3), Silicon Nitride (Si3N4), Zirconia (ZrO2), Titanium Carbide (TiC).

9. Distinguish between elasticity and plasticity.

Elasticity is reversible deformation under stress, while plasticity involves permanent

10. Differentiate between ductility and malleability.

Ductility is the ability to deform without fracture (usually in tension), while malleability
is the ability to deform without breaking (usually in compression).
11. Define alloy.

An alloy is a mixture of two or more elements, with at least one being a metal, resulting
in enhanced properties.

12. Distinguish between peritectic and peritectoid reactions.

Peritectic involves Solid + Liquid → Solid, while peritectoid involves Solid 1 + Solid 2
→ Solid 3.

13. List the advantages of case hardening.

Increased surface hardness, improved wear resistance.

14. Differentiate between normalizing and full annealing.

Normalizing involves uniform grain structure and air cooling, while full annealing
involves slow cooling for a refined microstructure.

15. List the outstanding properties of copper and some typical applications.

Properties: Excellent electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance. Applications: Electrical

16. Define HSLA steels. Where are they used?

High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels. Used in structural applications and automotive

17. List some of the distinct characteristics of engineering ceramics.

High hardness, high temperature resistance, low thermal conductivity.

18. List the various matrix materials used.

Polymers, metals, ceramics.

19. Define the terms slip and twinning.

Slip is the movement of crystal planes along atomic planes. Twinning involves mirror-
image atomic arrangements in crystals.

20. List the different types of fracture in a material.

Ductile fracture, brittle fracture, fatigue fracture, creep fracture.

1. Describe the different phases present in the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram.

2. Describe one common classification of steel, explain its composition, microstructure, and
typical applications.

3. Describe the flame hardening process with the aid of neat sketch. Also brief the advantages,
disadvantages and applications of flame hardening.

4. Explain the Jominy end-quench method of determining hardenability and List the factors
affecting Hardenability.

5. Write an engineering brief about (a) Tool steels (b) HSLA steels (c) Maraging steels (d) High
speed steels?

6. Describe the structures of main types of Cast iron and explain the factors which affect the
structure of Cast iron.

7. Explain the properties and application of thermo plastics PVC, PET, PP, PC PMMA, ABS,
PEEK PTFE.

8. Discuss the properties and typical applications of the following engineering Ceramics (i)
Al2O3 (ii)SiC, (iii) Si3N4 , (iv) PSZ (v) Sialons

9. Explain and distinguish Izod test and Charpy test to determine the impact strength of a
material. Also mention the application of Impact test.

10. Write a short note on Rockwell, brinell and Vickers hardness and their significance.

11. Analyze the purpose and advantages of the full annealing process in the heat treatment of
steel, considering its effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties.

12. Examine the characteristics and types of case hardening.

13. Describe the formation of solid solutions in alloys and explain the difference between
substitutional and interstitial solid solutions.

14. Describe one common classification of cast iron, explaining its composition, microstructure,
and typical applications.

15. (i) Describe the normalising process of heat treatment. (ii) Describe the hardening and
annealing.

16. Explain the process of nitriding and Cyaniding and list and discuss the advantages of
nitriding over carburizing.
17. Describe the properties and typical applications of Low, Medium and high carbon steels.

18. Discuss the composition, properties and typical applications of Copper alloys?

19. Describe the difference between thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics?

20. Explain the differences between commodity plastics and Engineering Plastics.

20. What are the properties and application of thermo plastics PP, PE, PS, PA, POM, PC, PPO,
PPS, PI, PAI?

21. Explain the different types of mechanical properties and mechanism of plastic deformation
by slip and twinning.

22. Explain the mechanism of fatigue fracture. How can we prevent?

23. Analyze the properties of engineering ceramics (Al2O3, SiC, Si3N4, PSZ, and SIALON) and
discuss their specific applications in engineering.

24. Analyze the different types of Engineering plastics.