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Writing

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39 views4 pages

Writing

Uploaded by

chamarilk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Writing

 1 hour
 2 questions (letter and essay)
 Letter : 20 minutes and more than 150 words
 Essay: 40 minutes and more than 250 words
 Use synonyms as much as possible
 Use complex structures in sentences

Letter
Time Management
 Reading the task and planning: 3 minutes
 Writing the letter: 15 minutes
 Corrections: 2 minutes

Letter Types
 Formal Letters
 Semi-Formal Letters
 Informal Letters

Formal Letters
 We write these letters to people who we do not know in person, but respect them. E.g. an
authorized official, a hotel manager, a town council member etc.
 Words should always be written in full form (E.g. we cannot use don’t instead of do not)
 Starts with Dear Sir or Madam,
 Letter can be signed off as Yours faithfully,

Semi-Formal Letters
 We write these letters to people who we know in person, and respect them. E.g. a university
lecturer, a parent of a friend, a teacher etc.
 Once or two words can be written in short form (E.g. we can use I’m instead of I am)
 Starts with Dear Mr …, (e.g. Dear Mr. Collins)
 Letter can be signed off as Yours sincerely,

Informal Letters
 We write these letters to people whom we know in person such as friends, colleagues, cousins
etc.
 Short form of words can be used as much as possible (E.g. we can use couldn’t instead of could
not)
 Starts with Dear …, (e.g. Dear Liza)
 Letter can be signed off as Best Wishes or With lots of love,
 We may use informal phrases and exclamation marks E.g. I feel awful! and Can’t wait to see
you again!

Letter Structure
 Greeting
 Introduction/ Purpose – (One sentence may suffice)
 Body paragraph 1 – (2 normal/ long sentences may suffice)
 Body paragraph 2 – (2 normal/ long sentences may suffice)
 Body paragraph 3 – (2 normal/ long sentences may suffice)
 Ending – (1 or 2 normal sentences may suffice)
 Sign off
 Your name

Essay
Time Management
 Reading the task and planning: 4 minutes
 Writing the essay: 32 minutes
 Corrections: 4 minutes

Essay Topics
 Animals
 Art
 Communication
 Crime
 Culture and Society
 Education
 Entertainment
 Environment
 Family
 Food and farming
 Global Issues
 Health
 Media
 Money
 Science/ Technology
 Space
 Sport
 Transport
 Travel
 Work

Essay Types
 Opinion essay
 Discussion advantages and disadvantages
 Advantages outweigh disadvantages
 Discuss both views
 Discuss both views and give your opinion
 Discuss the problem and solution
 Double question

Essay Structure
 Introduction
 Body Paragraph 1
 Body Paragraph 2
 Conclusion

Introduction
 May contain 3 sentences
 First sentence: Generic statement – constructed based on the essay question
 Second sentence: Specific statement – constructed by rephrasing the essay question
 Third sentence: Question/ what we intend to do in our essay
 Do not mention any examples here

Body Paragraph
 May contain 5 sentences or can be reduced to 4 sentences using conjunctions
 Two main types: single idea paragraph and double idea paragraph

Single idea paragraph


 Follows PEEEL structure
 P – Point – main idea of the paragraph
 E – Explain – explaining the above mentioned idea
 E – Example/ Extend – Examples can be provided as For example, For instance, or straight
away
 E – Effect – what happened if not i.e. conveys a contradictory idea to the given point
 L – Link – connects back to the main point

Double idea paragraph


 Follows umbrella/ UPEPE structure
 U – Umbrella – common sentence covering both ideas
 P – Point 1
 E – Example related to the first point
 P – Point 2
 E – Example related to the second point

Conclusion
 May contain 2 or 3 sentences
 Starts with In conclusion,
 First sentence – rephrased generic statement (optional)
 Second sentence – rephrased specific statement (mandatory)
 Third sentence – opinion (MANADATORY FOR ALL ESSAY TYPES)

Other Important Tips


 Words should always be written in full form (E.g. we cannot use don’t instead of do not)
 Rich vocabulary - It is recommended to use synonyms as much as possible
 Conjunctions and linking words – only one linking word can be repeated twice in an essay

Body paragraph selection based on essay types


NOTE: They may be subject to change depending on the essay question

 Opinion essay – 2 PEEELs


 Discussion advantages and disadvantages – 2 UPEPEs
 Advantages outweigh disadvantages – 2 UPEPEs; disadvantages can be discussed in the first
body paragraph
 Discuss both views – 2 PEEELs
 Discuss both views and give your opinion – 2 PEEELs; opposite view can be discussed in the
first body paragraph
 Discuss the problem and solution – mostly 2 UPEPEs but may be subject to change
 Double question – mostly 2 UPEPEs but may be subject to change

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