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Mission 289 Introduction To Numpy Takeaways

This document introduces key concepts for working with NumPy arrays (ndarrays) in Python including: 1) Converting lists to ndarrays and selecting rows, columns, and items from ndarrays using indices and slicing. 2) Performing vector math on ndarrays like addition and calculating statistics. 3) NumPy allows fast and efficient computations by taking advantage of vectorization and low-level optimizations like C without needing to write low-level code.

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36 views2 pages

Mission 289 Introduction To Numpy Takeaways

This document introduces key concepts for working with NumPy arrays (ndarrays) in Python including: 1) Converting lists to ndarrays and selecting rows, columns, and items from ndarrays using indices and slicing. 2) Performing vector math on ndarrays like addition and calculating statistics. 3) NumPy allows fast and efficient computations by taking advantage of vectorization and low-level optimizations like C without needing to write low-level code.

Uploaded by

HZT 99
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to NumPy: Takeaways

by Dataquest Labs, Inc. - All rights reserved © 2022

Syntax

SELECTING ROWS, COLUMNS, AND ITEMS FROM A NDARRAY

• Convert a list of lists into a ndarray:


import numpy as np

f = open("nyc_taxis.csv", "r")

taxi_list = list(csv.reader(f))

taxi = np.array(taxi_list)

• Selecting a row from a ndarray:


second_row = taxi[1]

• Selecting multiple rows from a ndarray:


all_but_first_row = taxi[1:]

• Selecting a specific item from a ndarray:


fifth_row_second_column = taxi[4,1]

SLICING VALUES FROM AN NDARRAY

• Selecting a single column:


second_column = taxi[:,1]

• Selecting multiple columns:


second_third_columns = taxi[:,1:3]

cols = [1,3,5]
second_fourth_sixth_columns = taxi[:, cols]

• Selecting a 2D slice:
twod_slice = taxi[1:4, :3]

VECTOR MATH

• vector_a + vector_b : addition

• vector_a - vector_b : subtraction

• vector_a * vector_b : multiplication (this is unrelated to the vector multiplication used in linear
algebra).

• vector_a / vector_b : division

CALCULATING STATISTICS FOR 1D NDARRAYS

• ndarray.min() to calculate the minimum value


• ndarray.max() to calculate the maximum value

• ndarray.mean() to calculate the mean average value

• ndarray.sum() to calculate the sum of the values

CALCULATING STATISTICS FOR 2D NDARRAYS

• Max value for an entire 2D Ndarray:


taxi.max()

• Max value for each row in a 2D Ndarray (returns a 1D Ndarray):


taxi.max(axis=1)

• Max value for each column in a 2D Ndarray (returns a 1D Ndarray):


taxi.max(axis=0)

Concepts
• Python is a high-level language because we don't have to manually allocate memory or specify
how the CPU performs certain operations. A low-level language like C gives us this control and
lets us improve specific code performance, but it involves a tradeoff in programmer productivity.
The NumPy library lets us write code in Python but take advantage of the performance that C
offers. One way NumPy makes our code run quickly is vectorization, which takes advantage of
Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD) to process data more quickly.

• We call a list in NumPy a 1D ndarray, and we call a list of lists a 2D ndarray. NumPy ndarrays use
indices along both rows and columns, and they are the primary way we select and slice values.

Resources
• Arithmetic functions from the NumPy documentation.
• NumPy ndarray documentation

Takeaways by Dataquest Labs, Inc. - All rights reserved © 2022

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