Total No.

of Printed Pages—11
HS/XII/Sc/Ph/23

2023

PHYSICS

( Theory )

Full Marks : 70

Time : 3 hours

The figures in the margin indicate full marks for the questions

General Instructions :

(i) There are 31 questions in all. All questions are

compulsory.

(ii) This Question Paper has four Sections : Section—A

(Part—I and Part—II), Section—B, Section—C and
Section—D.

(iii) Section—A (Part—I) contains five multiple choice

questions of 1 mark each and Section—A (Part—II)
contains five questions of 1 mark each. Section—B
contains nine questions of 2 marks each, Section—C
contains nine questions of 3 marks each and
Section—D contains three questions of 5 marks each.

(iv) There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have

been provided in three questions of 1 mark, four
questions of 2 marks, five questions of 3 marks and all
the three questions of 5 marks weightage. You have to
attempt only one of the choices in such questions.

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(v) You may use the following values of physical constants,

wherever necessary :
c = 3 ´ 10 8 m/s

h = 6 × 63 ´ 10 -34 J s

e = 1 × 6 ´ 10 -19 C

m 0 = 4p ´ 10 -7 T m A -1

e 0 = 8 × 854 ´ 10 -12 C2 N -1 m -2

m e = 9 × 1 ´ 10 -31 kg

Mass of neutron = 1 × 675 ´ 10 -27 kg

Mass of proton = 1 × 673 ´ 10 -27 kg

Avogadro’s number = 6 × 023 ´ 1023 per gram mole
Boltzmann constant = 1 × 38 ´ 10 -23 J K -1

SECTION—A
PART—I
( Multiple choice type questions )

Choose and write the correct option for the following : 1×5=5

1. A conductor of resistance R is stretched to two times its

initial length, keeping the volume constant. What will be
its new resistance?
(a) 2R
(b) R/2
(c) 4R
(d) R 1

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2. R

I = 0·5 A

In the circuit shown above, each cell has an e.m.f. 2 V and

an internal resistance of 1 W. The current flowing through
the circuit is 0·5 A. The resistance of the resistor R is
(a) 6 W
(b) 4 W
(c) 8W
(d) 2 W 1

3. If the number of turns, area and current through a

coil are n, A and I respectively, then its magnetic
moment is
(a) n 2 I A

(b) nI A 2

(c) nI A
(d) nI 2 A 1

4. The transition of electron from n = 4, 5, 6, ... to n = 3

corresponds to
(a) Lyman series
(b) Balmer series
(c) Paschen series
(d) Brackett series 1

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5. Monochromatic light of wavelength 4500 Å is incident

on a clean metal surface of work function 2·3 eV. The
maximum kinetic energy of ejected photoelectrons is
0·5 eV, then the energy of the incident photon is
(a) 1·8 eV
(b) 2·8 eV
(c) 11·5 eV
(d) 12·8 eV 1

PART—II
( Very short answer type questions )

Answer each of the following questions in 1 sentence/step : 1×5=5

6. Either

Power of 60 W is being supplied to an electrical appliance,

under a potential difference of 240 V. What is the current
flowing through the appliance? 1
Or
A heating element connected to a 12 V battery draws a
current of 5 A. How much electric power is supplied? 1

7. Define ‘quality factor’ of resonance in L-C-R series circuit.

Write down its mathematical relation. 1

8. Either

Calculate the magnifying power of an astronomical

telescope for normal adjustment if the focal lengths of its
objective and eyepiece are 50 cm and 10 cm respectively. 1

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Or
The phase difference between two waves meeting at a
3p
point is . What is the corresponding path difference? 1
2

9. Either

Define the term ‘stopping potential’ in relation to

photoelectric effect. 1
Or
Why does photoelectric emission not take place if the
frequency of incident radiation is less than the threshold
value? 1

10. What is nuclear fission? Write a nuclear fission reaction. 1

SECTION—B
( Short answer type–I questions )

Answer each of the following questions within 20 to 30 words,

wherever applicable : 2×9=18

11. Either

A cell of e.m.f. 1·1 V and an internal resistance of 0·5 W is

connected to a wire of resistance 0·5 W. Another cell of the
same e.m.f. is connected in series but the current in the
wire remains the same. Find the internal resistance of the
second cell. 2

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Or
Two capacitors charged with 4·8×10 -8 C each are
connected in parallel to each other. If the potential
difference of one of the capacitors is 12 V, calculate the
total energy stored in both the capacitors. 2

12. Write the working principle of a transformer. How is it

useful for long distance transmission? 1+1=2

13. Either
An alternating source of e.m.f. E = E 0 sin wt is applied
to a circuit containing a capacitor only. Show that the
p
current leads the e.m.f. by radian. 2
2
Or
State Lenz’s law and explain that it is in accordance with
the law of conservation of energy. 1+1=2

14. A capacitor has been charged by a d.c. source. What are

the magnitudes of conduction and displacement currents,
when it is fully charged? 1+1=2

15. The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave is 3 ´ 10 -9 m.

Which region of the electromagnetic spectrum does it
belong to? Calculate its frequency. 1+1=2

16. Either
Show that the effective power of two thin lenses in contact
is the sum of the power of each lens. 2
Or
Derive the relationship between critical angle and
refractive index. 2

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17. Either
(a) In the hypothetical fission reaction
236
92 X ® aY 144 + 36 Z b + 3 0n 1
what are the values of a and b ?
(b) Write down the relation between ‘mass defect’ and
‘binding energy’. 1+1=2
Or
The binding energies of 8 O16 and 17 Cl 35 are 127·35 MeV
and 289·3 MeV respectively. Calculate the binding energy
per nucleon of 8 O16 and 17 Cl 35 , and state which of the
two nuclei is more stable. 1+1=2

18. What is meant by the term ‘doping’? Mention the various

methods of doping. 1+1=2

19. With the help of a circuit diagram, explain the use of

junction diode as a half-wave rectifier. 1+1=2

SECTION—C
( Short answer type–II questions )

Answer each of the following questions within 30 to 40 words,

wherever applicable : 3×9=27

20. Either
Using Gauss’s theorem, derive an expression for an
electric field at a point near a uniformly charged infinite
plane sheet. 3

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Or
What is a parallel-plate capacitor? Derive an expression
for the capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor. 1+2=3

21. Either
Deduce a relation between the drift velocity and current
flowing through a conductor. Using the magnitude of drift
velocity in the relation, show that
ml
R=
nAe 2 t
where the symbols have their usual meanings. 1+2=3
Or
Apply Kirchhoff’s laws to obtain the condition of balance
of a Wheatstone bridge. 3

22. State Biot-Savart’s law. Using this law, obtain an

expression for the magnetic field at the centre of a circular
loop of radius r carrying a steady current I . 1+2=3

23. Either
What is a solenoid? Considering an air-cored solenoid of
length l , area of cross-section A and having total number
of turns N , show that the coefficient of self-inductance L
is given by
m 0 N 2A
L = 3
l

Or
I
Derive the relation I r.m.s. = 0 , where I r.m.s. and I 0 are the
2
root-mean-square value and peak value of an alternating
current. 3

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24. What is an optical fibre? Explain the principle of its

working. Mention two of its applications. 1+1+1=3

25. A ray of light suffers minimum deviation while passing

through a prism of refractive index 1·5 and refracting
angle 60º. Calculate—

(a) the angle of deviation;

(b) the angle of incidence. 2+1=3

26. Either
The work function of cesium is 2·14 eV. Find—

(a) the threshold frequency for cesium;

(b) the wavelength of the incident light if the

photoelectric current is brought to zero by a stopping
potential of 0·60 V. 1+2=3
Or
A particle is moving three times as fast as an electron. The
ratio of the de Broglie wavelength of the particle to that of
the electron is 1 × 813 ´ 10 -4 . Calculate the particle’s mass
and identify the particle. 2+1=3

27. Either
Prove that the radius of the n th Bohr orbit of an atom is
directly proportional to n 2 , where n is the principal
quantum number. 3

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Or
Calculate the binding energy per nucleon for 30 Zn 64
in MeV. (Take 1 a.m.u. = 931 MeV)
Given,
mass of proton = 1·00728 a.m.u.
mass of neutron = 1·00867 a.m.u.
mass of 30 Zn 64 = 63·9423 a.m.u. 3

28. (a) What are intrinsic semiconductors? Name the types

of extrinsic semiconductor obtained when germanium
is doped with (i) arsenic and (ii) gallium.
(b) Draw the I-V characteristics of a p-n junction diode in
forward and reverse bias. (1+1)+1=3

SECTION—D
( Long answer type questions )

Answer each of the following questions within 70 to 80 words,

wherever applicable : 5×3=15

29. Either
What is meant by diffraction of light? Deduce the
condition for the position of secondary minima of
diffraction pattern in terms of path difference. Also, find
the expression for the width of central maxima. 1+3+1=5
Or
With the help of a neat diagram, explain the working of a
compound microscope. Obtain an expression for its
magnifying power when the final image is formed at least
distance of distinct vision. 2+3=5

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30. Either
Derive an expression for the electric potential at any point
at a distance r from the centre of an electric dipole. Hence,
find the potential if the point lies on (i) axial line and
(ii) equatorial line. 4+½+½=5
Or
Derive the expression of electric field at any point on the
perpendicular bisector of a short electric dipole. Write the
expression of the electric field, in its vector form, when the
point is very far away from the dipole. 4+1=5

31. Either
Describe the principle and working of a moving-
coil galvanometer. Show that the deflection produced in
the coil is directly proportional to the current flowing
through it. 2+3=5
Or
(a) Find an expression for the force per unit length
between two parallel wires carrying current in the
same direction. Hence, define ampere.
(b) Explain how a galvanometer can be converted to a
voltmeter. (2+1)+2=5

HHH

HS/XII/Sc/Ph/23/55 K23—5100