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Systemprog

The document discusses processes and threads. It describes process states and system calls related to processes like fork, execv, exit, and wait. It also discusses creating and joining threads using pthread_create and pthread_join.

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Ravi Teja
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18 views

Systemprog

The document discusses processes and threads. It describes process states and system calls related to processes like fork, execv, exit, and wait. It also discusses creating and joining threads using pthread_create and pthread_join.

Uploaded by

Ravi Teja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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lseek(fd - file descriptor of the open file , index -from what position we should

write,SEEK_SET /SEEK_CUR / SEEK_END

PROCESS:
program in execution ;

------------------------------

if two instances of a program can share the same virtual memory address at the same
time even if te data is different. --> run the program in two different variables
passing from command line in two terminals at same time

echo 2 | sudo tee /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space

---------------------

process states
interrupt
admit <-- exit
start --> ready --> running --> terminated
| scheduler dispatch|
wait ----------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------

process system calls:

int fork(void)

int execv(char *progName, char *argv[])

void exit(int returnCode)

int wait(int *returnCode)

1) int fork(void)

description: ceate the child process --> return the intiger process id of the new
process

child process will have id 0;

------------------

int execv(char *progName, char *argv[])

description: load the program in process address space ; returns -1 if failed

the program is laded in the calling process address space and the old program is
over and no longer available

---------------
void exit(int returnCode)

description: terminate process; causes a normal process terminatem, its basically


just a process to exit, and it return the code which is the return code to parent
process

---------------------

int wait(int *returnCode)

description: await process completion ; returns the process ID of process that


exited

it is basically a calling process to wait until any process created by the call and
process exits

--------------------------

THREADS: pthreads

baisc unit of CPU utilization ; shares resources with other threads in the same
process
there is a lot of overhead and it takes a lot of cpu clock cycles to crete and
destroy threads within process

10 threads in 1 process or 100 threads in 1 process --> 10 threads because there is


a lot of overhead in creating and destroying 100 threads

----------------------------

int pthread_create(..)

1 description: create a new thread --> returns 0 if success

pthread_t *myThread;
pthread_create(myThread..);

--------------

int pthread_join(...)

description: wait for thread to finish


return 0 if success

a very common way to wait for threads to finish is if you have a program that
creates 10 threads and you want towait for all the threads to complete executing
before you move on with your main code, use below for loop

for(int i=0; i< NUM_THREADS; i++)


{
pthread_join(thread[i],NULL);
}
-------------------

void pthread_exit()

description: terminates running thread ; returns : none

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